CN105851488A - Biological feed for grass carp feed and grass carp feed with biological feed - Google Patents
Biological feed for grass carp feed and grass carp feed with biological feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN105851488A CN105851488A CN201610481447.4A CN201610481447A CN105851488A CN 105851488 A CN105851488 A CN 105851488A CN 201610481447 A CN201610481447 A CN 201610481447A CN 105851488 A CN105851488 A CN 105851488A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of animal feed and particularly relates to biological feed for grass carp feed and the grass carp feed with the biological feed. The biological feed is prepared by feed raw materials with the water content being 20-50% under 15-35 DEG C through 3-10 days of sealed fermentation, and the viable count of the fermentation product is not smaller than 1.0*10<9>/g, and the organic acid content of the fermentation product is not smaller than 2.0%. The feed raw materials comprise, by weight, 0.05-0.2g/kg of yeast, 0.05-0.2g/kg of lactic acid bacteria, 0.05-0.2g/kg of bacillus, 400-700g/kg of puffed peeled soybean meal, 50-150g/kg of corn flour and 100-250g/kg of rice bran meal. The biological feed and the grass carp feed have the advantages that the grass carp feed contains 4-8% of the biological feed, the biological feed can partially replace fish meal, and the prepared grass carp feed is balanced in nutrition, high in digestion rate and has positive significance to the increasing the productivity of grass carps.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of animal feed, particularly to a kind of biological feedstuff for Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed and interpolation
There is the Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed of this biological feedstuff.
Background technology
Ctenopharyngodon idellus, belongs to Cypriniformes Cyprinidae Leuciscinae Ctenopharyngodon idellus and belongs to.Being commonly called as of Ctenopharyngodon idellus: grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, oil grass carp,
Grass grass carp, ctenopharyngodon idellus, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, grass roots (northeast), thick sub-fish (southern Shandong), sea grass carp (south), charlatan, black Mylopharyngodon piceus
Deng.English name: Grass c arp.Inhabit the rivers and lakes of plains region, under general happiness occupy in water
Layer and offshore many pasture and water region, with pasture and water for food.Property active, swimming rapidly, often hunts in packs.For typical case
Herbivorous fishes.The young grass carps phase then eats larva, algae etc., and Ctenopharyngodon idellus also eats of animal food, such as Lumbricus,
Aeschna melanictera etc..Survive the winter at the deep water in master stream or lake.Breeding season parent fish is traced back trip habit.Moved grow sub-,
Europe, the United States, many countries in non-each continent.Because of its growth rapidly, feed resource is wide, is CHINESE FRESHWATER cultivation
One of four large Chinese carps.
Ctenopharyngodon idellus is the conventional food of China resident, is the important sources of human body protein absorption.Along with Living Water
Flat raising, nutrition and the mouthfeel of Ctenopharyngodon idellus are had higher requirement by people.Due to people's need to Ctenopharyngodon idellus
The amount of asking increases, so occurring in that high-volume modernization fish culture mode, intensive of China's aquaculture
Exhibition causes water environment to go from bad to worse, and disease frequently occurs, and directly affects the growth promoter of cultivated animals, even
Causing the mortality of cultivated animals, fishery-ies product quality reduces and is susceptible to various disease, and some fishes leave
Cultivation ground, is just easy to death, and these problems all affect the development of fishery.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is just for above technical problem, it is provided that a kind of biological feedstuff for Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed and being added with
The Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed of this biological feedstuff.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of biological feedstuff for Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed, by the feedstuff of water content 20%-50% at 15 DEG C-35 DEG C
At a temperature of, sealing and fermenting 3-10d prepares, wherein, in tunning, containing viable count >=1.0 × 109Individual
/ g, containing organic acid >=2.0%, described feedstuff contains the component of following weight proportioning: yeast
0.05-0.2g/kg, lactic acid bacteria 0.05-0.2g/kg, bacillus cereus 0.05-0.2g/kg, expanded peeling
Bean cake 400-700g/kg, Semen Maydis powder 50-150g/kg, rice bran meal 100-250g/kg.
As preferably, the described biological feedstuff for Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed by the feedstuff of water content 30% at 30 DEG C
At a temperature of, sealing and fermenting 72h prepares, and described feedstuff contains the component of following weight proportioning: yeast
0.1g/kg, lactic acid bacteria 0.1g/kg, bacillus cereus 0.1g/kg, expanded dehulled soybean meal 500g/kg, Semen Maydis powder
100g/kg, rice bran meal 200g/kg, water 200g/kg.
The total viable count of wherein said yeast, lactic acid bacteria and bacillus cereus is hundred million/g of 20-30.
Wherein, described yeast is saccharomyces cerevisiae, selected saccharomyces cerevisiae, bacillus cereus and breast
Acid bacterium is the commercially available prod that Wuhan Xinhuayang Biological Co., Ltd provides.
Wherein, size-reduced before the fermentation of expanded dehulled soybean meal, grinding screen plate is 0.8 × 0.8mm, and crush maize sieves
Sheet is 0.8 × 0.8mm, and rice bran meal grinding screen plate is 0.8 × 0.8mm.
The present invention also provides for a kind of Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed, in terms of weight/mass percentage composition, containing the above-described life of 4%-8%
Thing feedstuff.
As preferably, it is added with the Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed of this biological feedstuff, containing the component of following weight proportion: flour
15 parts, 10 parts of Testa oryzae, corn DDGS 4 parts, bean cake (46%) 15.8 part, rapeseed meal (36%) 30 part,
Zein powder (60%) 2 part, biological feedstuff 4 parts, fish flour 2 parts, powder of pork 7 parts, soybean oil 1.6
Part, 1.6 parts of fish oil, bentonite 3 parts, choline chloride 0.3 part, dalcium biphosphate 2 parts, trace element
Premix material 1.5 parts, vitamin premix 0.2 part.Microelement pre-mix material provides for every kilogram of diet:
Fe12mg, Zn32mg, Mn20mg, Cu25mg, I 0.1mg, Mg350mg, K1000mg, Na300mg, Ca65mg,
Co5mg, Se0.3mg.Vitamin premix every kilogram diet provides: VA150000IU, VD330000IU,
VE750mg, VK3150mg。
Heretofore described biological feedstuff i.e. fermented feed, refers to that microorganism is passed through under manual control condition
The metabolic activity of self, decomposes the antinutritional factor in vegetalitas, animality and mineral material, synthesizes,
Produce more can by feed intake, digest, absorb nutrient and the feedstuff of nonhazardous effect, there is improvement and raise
The palatability of material, stimulating animal are searched for food, are improved feedstuff Middle nutrition substance digestion rate and the function of utilization rate, also
It is of value to animal intestinal health and enhancing immunity, the noxious substance in degraded feedstuff, produces somatomedin,
Escherichia coli, Salmonella and some pathogenic bacterias in suppression digestive tract and the breeding of pathogen effectively
With growth.
Heretofore described biological feedstuff can promote the growth of Fish, improves the conversion ratio of feedstuff.Feedstuff
Many bioactive substances are provided, as functional after lactic acid bacteria, yeast and fermentation of bacillus
Polypeptide, enzyme etc. so that the digestibility of feedstuff is greatly improved and promotes fish growth, promote intestinal tissue
Growth, improve feedstuff utilization rate.The not only safety of probiotic bacteria in this biological feedstuff is good, and has
Promote growth of animal and improve the functions such as water quality.In Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed, though fish flour consumption is not the highest at present, but still
The biggest once run into fish flour business fluctuations, feed cost will be had an immense impact on, and biofermentation is raised
The appearance of material exactly can solve the problems referred to above with development, and the Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed that the present invention is produced can be very
Good raising Ctenopharyngodon idellus immunity and anti-oxidation function, promote Growth of Grass Carps Ctenopharyngodon Idellus, improve water quality environment.
Compared with prior art, the invention have the benefit that
(1) lactic bacteria activity, in the middle of the present invention is strong, can tolerate high temperature and sour environment, therefore send out
Can suppress the growth of miscellaneous bacteria during ferment, and produce substantial amounts of organic acid and little peptide, the most substantial amounts of viable bacteria can
To enter into the intestinal of fish, intestinal environment plays antibacterial functions, improves immunity and the anti-oxidation function of fish,
Improve survival rate.
(2) yeast, in the middle of the present invention can produce substantial amounts of vitamin B group and little peptide, improves fish
Immunocompetence.
(3) bacillus cereus, in the middle of the present invention, can produce substantial amounts of protease, amylase etc., enter
The fish digestibility to nutrient substance is improved after entering fish intestinal.
(4), protein solubility improves in the present invention, improves the digestive utilization ratio of true protein.
(5), in the present invention, contained prebiotic mushroom material can improve water quality.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the present invention is described in further detail.
But this should not being interpreted as, the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to following embodiment.
Biological feedstuff in following instance each means: by the feedstuff of water content 30wt% the temperature of 30 DEG C
Under, sealing and fermenting 72h prepares, and described feedstuff contains the component of following weight proportioning: yeast 0.1g/kg,
Lactic acid bacteria 0.1g/kg, bacillus cereus 0.1g/kg, expanded dehulled soybean meal 500g/kg, Semen Maydis powder 100g/kg,
Rice bran meal 200g/kg, water 200g/kg.
Vitamin premix every kilogram diet is provided which: VA150000IU, VD330000IU, VE750mg,
VK3150mg。
Embodiment 1:
A kind of Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed adding biological feedstuff, containing the component of following weight proportion: 15 parts of flour, Testa oryzae
10 parts, corn DDGS 4 parts, bean cake (protein content 46%) 15.8 parts, rapeseed meal (protein content
36%) 30 parts, Zein powder (protein content 60%) 2 parts, biological feedstuff 4 parts, fish flour 2 parts,
Powder of pork 7 parts, soybean oil 1.6 parts, 1.6 parts of fish oil, bentonite 3 parts, choline chloride 0.3 part, phosphorus
Acid dihydride calcium 2 parts, microelement pre-mix material 1.5 parts, vitamin premix 0.2 part.Trace element premix
Expect to provide for every kilogram of diet: Fe12mg, Zn32mg, Mn20mg, Cu25mg, I 0.1mg, Mg350mg,
K1000mg, Na300mg, Ca65mg, Co5mg, Se0.3mg.Vitamin premix every kilogram diet provides:
VA150000IU, VD330000IU, VE750mg, VK3150mg。
Embodiment 2:
1, materials and methods
Test specimen:
Matched group: 15 parts of flour, 10 parts of Testa oryzae, corn DDGS 4 parts, bean cake (protein content 46%)
15.8 parts, rapeseed meal (protein content 36%) 30 parts, Zein powder (protein content 60%) 2 parts,
Fish flour 6 parts, powder of pork 7 parts, soybean oil 1.6 parts, 1.6 parts of fish oil, bentonite 3 parts, choline chloride
0.3 part, dalcium biphosphate 2 parts, microelement pre-mix material 1.5 parts, vitamin premix 0.2 part.
Test group: 15 parts of flour, 10 parts of Testa oryzae, corn DDGS 4 parts, bean cake (protein content 46%)
15.8 parts, rapeseed meal (protein content 36%) 30 parts, Zein powder (protein content 60%) 2 parts,
Biological feedstuff 4 parts, fish flour 2 parts, powder of pork 7 parts, soybean oil 1.6 parts, 1.6 parts of fish oil, bentonite 3
Part, choline chloride 0.3 part, dalcium biphosphate 2 parts, microelement pre-mix material 1.5 parts, vitamin premixes
Expect 0.2 part.
Daily ration uses cold granulation mode to produce.
Healthy grass carp 400 tail selecting average weight to be 50.0 ± 1.4g, is divided into two process groups, often organizes 10
Individual repetition, each repetition 20 tail.Original body mass statistical analysis, group difference is not notable (P > 0.05).
Process 1: feed the test group feedstuff containing biological feedstuff in the embodiment of the present invention 1；Process 2: feed the present invention
Embodiment 1 contains the matched group feedstuff of biological feedstuff, first raises and train before test 7 days, by the day of Ctenopharyngodon idellus body weight 3%
Daily ration, feeding quantity feeds, and 3 (08:00,12:00 and 19:00) bait throwing in of every natural gift, experimental period is 45 days.Examination
Testing and carry out in Sichuan cavalry man of great strength spends indoor, scientific base filtration-type circulating water system, test fish is to repeat
Raise in circular aquarium for unit that (volume is 2.75m3, actual water volume is 1.33m3In), test is used
Water is the reservoir water of abundant aeration, changes weekly water 1/3rd.During test, water temperature is 18-25 DEG C, uses air
Compressor 24h oxygen supplement.
As shown in Table 1, compared with matched group, rate of body weight gain and the specific growth rate of test group Ctenopharyngodon idellus are respectively increased
22%, 17%, difference reaches significant level (P < 0.05).
The impact on Ctenopharyngodon idellus production performance of table 1 biological fermentation feed
| Project | Matched group | Test group |
| Rate of body weight gain, % | 17.3 | 21.1* |
| Specific growth rate, % | 0.35 | 0.41* |
Note: " * " represents by T inspection significant difference (P < 0.05).
As shown in Table 2, test group Ctenopharyngodon idellus IgM, alkali phosphatase are significantly higher than matched group, and paddy
Pyruvic transaminase is substantially less than matched group (P < 0.05)；Test processes total protein, albumin, globulin and paddy
Grass transaminase activity does not affect (P > 0.05).
The impact on Grass Carp Serum immune indexes of table 2 biological fermentation feed
Note: " * " represents by T inspection significant difference (P < 0.05).
As shown in Table 3, test group significantly improves antioxidative activities and the superoxide dismutase of Ctenopharyngodon idellus
(P < 0.05), but reduce mda content (P < 0.05), glutathion peroxidase is not affected
(P>0.05)。
The impact on Grass Carp Serum Antioxidant Indexes of table 3 biological fermentation feed
Note: " * " represents by T inspection significant difference (P < 0.05).
Result of the test shows, the Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed produced with the biological feedstuff of the present invention is balanced in nutrition, digestibility is high,
Can the effective expensive animal and vegetable protein raw material such as Peru Fish Dietary, and significantly improve production performance, exempt from
Epidemic disease power and resistance to oxidation, it is ensured that Ctenopharyngodon idellus health fast-growth.
Embodiment 3:
1, materials and methods
Test specimen: use Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed prepared by the raw material that in embodiment 2, experimental group provides as test specimen.
Test group: processing one is that the yeast described in biological feedstuff, lactic acid bacteria and bacillus cereus change into only adding
Add yeast 0.2g/kg；Processing two is only interpolation lactic acid bacteria 0.2g/kg；Process three for only adding bacillus cereus
0.2g/kg；Process four for adding yeast 0.2g/kg+ lactic acid bacteria 0.2g/kg；Processing five is yeast
0.2g/kg+ bacillus cereus 0.2g/kg；Processing six is lactic acid bacteria 0.2g/kg+ bacillus cereus 0.2g/kg；Process
Seven is yeast 0.2g/kg+ lactic acid bacteria 0.2g/kg+ bacillus cereus 0.2g/kg, other components and step all with
Embodiment 2 is consistent.
Daily ration uses cold granulation mode to produce.
Healthy grass carp 700 tail selecting average weight to be 47.0 ± 1.2g, is divided into seven process groups, often organizes 5
Individual repetition, each repetition 20 tail.Original body mass statistical analysis, group difference is not notable (P > 0.05).
Process 1: feed the test group feedstuff containing biological feedstuff in the embodiment of the present invention 2；Process 2: feed the present invention
Embodiment 2 contains the matched group feedstuff of biological feedstuff, first raises and train before test 7 days, by the day of Ctenopharyngodon idellus body weight 3%
Daily ration, feeding quantity feeds, and 3 (08:00,12:00 and 19:00) bait throwing in of every natural gift, experimental period is 45 days.Examination
Testing and carry out in Sichuan cavalry man of great strength spends indoor, scientific base filtration-type circulating water system, test fish is to repeat
Raise in circular aquarium for unit that (volume is 2.75m3, actual water volume is 1.33m3In), test is used
Water is the reservoir water of abundant aeration, changes weekly water three molecule one.During test, water temperature is 18-25 DEG C, uses air
Compressor 24h oxygen supplement.
As shown in Table 4, the rate of body weight gain and the specific growth rate that process 7 groups of Ctenopharyngodon idellus are the highest, and difference reaches notable water
Flat (P < 0.05).
The impact on Ctenopharyngodon idellus production performance of table 4 biological fermentation feed
| Project | Process 1 | Process 2 | Process 3 | Process 4 | Process 5 | Process 6 | Process 7 |
| Rate of body weight gain, % | 16.1c | 16.2c | 16.3c | 17.8b | 17.5b | 17.3b | 20.5a |
| Specific growth rate, % | 0.33bc | 0.32c | 0.33bc | 0.35b | 0.36ab | 0.35b | 0.40a |
Note: without letter or same letter, colleague's data shoulder mark represents that difference is not notable (P > 0.05), different letters
Represent significant difference (P < 0.05).(P<0.05).
Result of the test shows, compared with single interpolation or two kinds of antimicrobial composition interpolations, with the three of the present invention kinds
The biological feedstuff of antimicrobial composition fermenting and producing feeds Ctenopharyngodon idellus can significantly improve rate of body weight gain and specific growth rate.
Embodiment 4:
1, materials and methods
Test specimen: the Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed prepared by embodiment 2 is test specimen.
Test group: test group uses the biological feedstuff prepared in specific implementation method to be added preparation
Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed, and in matched group, biological feedstuff formula is consistent with test group, but directly prepare without fermentation step
Form.
Daily ration uses cold granulation mode to produce.
Healthy grass carp 400 tail selecting average weight to be 49.0 ± 1.3g, is divided into two each and every one process group, often groups
10 repetitions, each repetition 20 tail.Original body mass statistical analysis, group difference is not notable (P > 0.05).
Process 1: feed the test group feedstuff containing biological feedstuff in the embodiment of the present invention 2；Process 2: feed the present invention
Embodiment 2 contains the matched group feedstuff of biological feedstuff, first raises and train before test 7 days, by the day of Ctenopharyngodon idellus body weight 3%
Daily ration, feeding quantity feeds, and 3 (08:00,12:00 and 19:00) bait throwing in of every natural gift, experimental period is 45 days.Examination
Testing and carry out in Sichuan cavalry man of great strength spends indoor, scientific base filtration-type circulating water system, test fish is to repeat
Raise in circular aquarium for unit that (volume is 2.75m3, actual water volume is 1.33m3In), test is used
Water is the reservoir water of abundant aeration, changes weekly water 1/3rd.During test, water temperature is 18-25 DEG C, uses air
Compressor 24h oxygen supplement.
As shown in Table 5, rate of body weight gain and the specific growth rate of test group Ctenopharyngodon idellus is significantly higher than matched group (P < 0.05).
The impact on Ctenopharyngodon idellus production performance of table 5 biological fermentation feed
| Project | Matched group | Test group |
| Rate of body weight gain, % | 16.8 | 22.0* |
| Specific growth rate, % | 0.37 | 0.43* |
Note: " * " represents by T inspection significant difference (P < 0.05).
Result of the test shows, can significantly improve rate of body weight gain and spy with the biological feedstuff of the present invention rear its by fermentation
Determine rate of growth.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be merely illustrative for the purpose of the present invention, rather than
The scope of the present invention is defined.On the premise of designing spirit without departing from the present invention, the common skill in this area
Various deformation that technical scheme is made by art personnel and improvement, all should fall into the claims in the present invention
In the protection domain that book determines.
Claims (7)
1. the biological feedstuff for Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed, it is characterised in that: by the feedstuff of water content 20%-50% at a temperature of 15 DEG C-35 DEG C, sealing and fermenting 3-10d prepares, wherein, in tunning, containing viable count >=1.0 × 109Individual/g, containing organic acid >=2.0%, described feedstuff contains the component of following weight proportioning: yeast 0.05-0.2g/kg, lactic acid bacteria 0.05-0.2g/kg, bacillus cereus 0.05-0.2g/kg, expanded dehulled soybean meal 400-700g/kg, Semen Maydis powder 50-150g/kg, rice bran meal 100-250g/kg.
2. biological feedstuff as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: by the feedstuff of water content 30% at a temperature of 30 DEG C, sealing and fermenting 72h prepares, described feedstuff contains the component of following weight proportioning: yeast 0.1g/kg, lactic acid bacteria 0.1g/kg, bacillus cereus 0.1g/kg, expanded dehulled soybean meal 500g/kg, Semen Maydis powder 100g/kg, rice bran meal 200g/kg.
3. the biological feedstuff as described in claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that: the total viable count of described yeast, lactic acid bacteria and bacillus cereus is hundred million/g of 20-30.
4. biological feedstuff as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: described yeast is saccharomyces cerevisiae.
5. biological feedstuff as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: size-reduced before described expanded dehulled soybean meal fermentation, grinding screen plate is 0.8 × 0.8mm, and crush maize sieve is 0.8 × 0.8mm, and rice bran meal grinding screen plate is 0.8 × 0.8mm.
6. a Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed, it is characterised in that: the biological feedstuff described in any one of claim 1-2 in terms of weight/mass percentage composition, containing 4%-8%.
7. Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that:, containing the component of following weight proportion: 15 parts of flour, 10 parts of Testa oryzae, corn DDGS 4 parts, bean cake 15.8 parts, rapeseed meal 30 parts, Zein powder 2 parts, biological feedstuff 4 parts, fish flour 2 parts, powder of pork 7 parts, soybean oil 1.6 parts, 1.6 parts of fish oil, bentonite 3 parts, choline chloride 0.3 part, dalcium biphosphate 2 parts, microelement pre-mix material 1.5 parts, vitamin premix 0.2 part.
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| CN115886154A (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-04-04 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | Fermented feed for resisting aeromonas veronii disease of grass carps and application thereof |
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