CN105846508A - Nickel-metal hydride battery large current equalization method based on single-chip microcomputer control - Google Patents
Nickel-metal hydride battery large current equalization method based on single-chip microcomputer control Download PDFInfo
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- CN105846508A CN105846508A CN201610337670.1A CN201610337670A CN105846508A CN 105846508 A CN105846508 A CN 105846508A CN 201610337670 A CN201610337670 A CN 201610337670A CN 105846508 A CN105846508 A CN 105846508A
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- nickel
- metal hydride
- voltage
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- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910018095 Ni-MH Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 124
- 229910018477 Ni—MH Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 124
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ni+2] BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H02J7/0026—
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a nickel-metal hydride battery large current equalization method based on single-chip microcomputer control. Provided is a nickel-metal hydride battery system, which comprises at least two nickel-metal hydride batteries in series connection, a first contactor and a second contactor, the number of which is same with that of the nickel-metal hydride batteries, a large current discharge resistor, a nickel-metal hydride battery voltage detection module, a single-chip microcomputer controller and a protection device. The single-chip microcomputer controller obtains voltage of each nickel-metal hydride battery through the nickel-metal hydride battery voltage detection module; and when the balance degree between the nickel-metal hydride batteries is larger than a set threshold value, the nickel-metal hydride battery, of which the voltage is the largest, is discharged through the large current discharge resistor according to the set time. The method adopts a single-chip microcomputer to serve as a main equalization controller, thereby reducing cost of the system; through a contactor matrix manner, large current discharge of the nickel-metal hydride battery is realized, thereby improving equalization reliability and realizing large current discharge; and the method is simple to operate, safe and reliable and good in equalization effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the balancing technique field of set of cells, particularly to one based on monolithic processor controlled Ni-MH battery big current balance method.
Background technology
The development of fuel-engined vehicle causes the huge consumption of petroleum resources, the continuous intensification of global energy crisis, exacerbates the harm of greenhouse effect and atmospheric pollution simultaneously.Most countries, government and Automobile Enterprises are all it is well recognized that energy-saving and emission-reduction are the developing direction of future automobile industry in the world, and Development of EV will be the optimum method solving this difficult point.It is low that electric automobile has noise, emission-free discharge, environmental friendliness, and the thermal efficiency is high, discharges low, and recoverable improves the advantages such as energy resource structure.Each automobile production enterprise the most actively researches and develops electric automobile, and Chinese Government is also actively promoting electric automobile.Electric automobile can be roughly divided into pure electric automobile, hybrid-electric car and FC-EV according to power source, and these electric automobiles typically can configure battery as energy-storage travelling wave tube, particularly in pure electric automobile extensively application multi-series and parallel battery as power source.
Ni-MH battery includes a positive plate with nickel hydroxide as main active and the cathode alloy plate of an absorption hydrogen, inside has a dividing plate being made up of fiber, is contained in metal shell with alkaline electrolyte, with one piece of sealing plate that can automatically open up complete aerofluxus.
Owing to each monomer of Ni-MH battery group is all different individuality, in production technology, the factor such as production time causes battery performance index to there is difference.Although along with the continuous progress of technology, before dispatching from the factory, the difference between Ni-MH battery inside constantly reduces, but during using, faint discordance constantly can be amplified along with use condition.Such discordance is by increasing with design load deviation for the capacity causing whole group of Ni-MH battery.In charging process, first the monomer that capacity is little will be filled, and cause the battery of other capacity can not obtain enough capacity；In discharge process, first the monomer that capacity is little is discharged into blanking voltage, and stopping is discharged by whole Battery pack.The existence of such problem of inconsistency, active volume and service life of causing Ni-MH battery group etc., aspect was far away from cell, and increased the difficulty being managed battery and controlling.Practice have shown that, significantly reduce when the consistency problem of set of cells develops into Individual cells generation capacity, when internal resistance such as significantly improves at the situation, the performance of whole Battery pack can be at short time high progression, so that whole set of cells is scrapped.
In order to solve Ni-MH battery group problem of inconsistency, it is proposed that the balancing technique of Ni-MH battery.The voltage to the effect that detecting Ni-MH battery group of balanced management, the parameter such as electric current, these parameters are identified, analyze battery with two side terminals, by controlling device, the monomer of energy height is discharged, make the state of each monomer reach unanimity.Can be improved the consistency problem of set of cells by effective Balance route strategy and equalizing circuit, it is possible to extend the life-span of set of cells, reduce the maintenance cost of set of cells, the electric automobile making safe and efficient intelligence use puts it over.
The most general equalization methods is that each Ni-MH battery is configured a discharge resistance, by checking the voltage of each monomer, is discharged the monomer that monomer is higher by the discharge resistance of oneself correspondence.When Ni-MH battery Capacity Ratio is bigger, this discharge resistance discharge current would become hard to meet the requirement of fast uniform.If discharge resistance power corresponding for each Ni-MH battery is become big, its volume and heat radiation are by the face of new challenge, the method that the method for existing employing resistance equilibrium seldom has big current balance.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of based on monolithic processor controlled Ni-MH battery big current balance method.
Concretely comprise the following steps:
(1) a set of nickel-metal hydride battery systems is set; including Ni-MH battery group, heavy-current discharge resistance, Ni-MH battery voltage detection module, singlechip controller and protection device; wherein Ni-MH battery group includes at least two Ni-MH batteries connected, all corresponding first catalyst of the most each Ni-MH battery and second catalyst；The positive pole of Ni-MH battery is connected to heavy-current discharge resistance the first end by the first catalyst of its correspondence, and the negative pole of Ni-MH battery is connected to heavy-current discharge resistance the second end by the second catalyst of its correspondence；Anode of nickel-metal hydride battery can be connected with Ni-MH battery voltage detection module with negative pole with being energized；Singlechip controller includes CAN terminal and control terminal, CAN terminal is connected with Ni-MH battery voltage detection module, the control terminal of control terminal and the first catalyst and the second catalyst connects, when singlechip controller controls the first catalyst corresponding to Ni-MH battery and the conducting of the second catalyst, Ni-MH battery and heavy-current discharge resistor coupled in parallel, synchronization only one of which Ni-MH battery and heavy-current discharge resistor coupled in parallel；Protection device includes that D.C. contactor and resettable fuse, D.C. contactor and resettable fuse are cascaded and is followed by the negative pole of Ni-MH battery group.
Described Ni-MH battery is basic Ni-MH battery unit i.e. monomer Ni-MH battery or the Ni-MH battery brick composed in parallel by multiple basic Ni-MH battery unit.
(2) nickel-metal hydride battery systems that step (1) is arranged is run according to following steps:
A. singlechip controller communicates with Ni-MH battery voltage detection module, it is thus achieved that the voltage of each Ni-MH battery.
B. singlechip controller is according to the N number of Ni-MH battery voltage obtained, and finds out the Ni-MH battery that magnitude of voltage is maximum, and wherein N is more than or equal to 2.
C. singlechip controller obtains the meansigma methods of all Ni-MH battery voltage.
D. jump into step e when the Ni-MH battery voltage that magnitude of voltage is maximum is more than a setting threshold values with all Ni-MH battery average voltage deviations, otherwise return to step a.
E. singlechip controller is by controlling the first catalyst corresponding to the maximum Ni-MH battery of voltage and the second catalyst, makes Ni-MH battery and the heavy-current discharge resistor coupled in parallel of magnitude of voltage maximum, and the Ni-MH battery maximum to magnitude of voltage discharges.
F. waiting the time T of setting, singlechip controller disconnects all contactless contactors by control terminal, and program returns a.
(3) complete step (2) i.e. to realize based on the big current balance of monolithic processor controlled Ni-MH battery.
The inventive method uses a set of nickel-metal hydride battery systems, this nickel-metal hydride battery systems includes the charging and discharging balance device of Ni-MH battery, nickel-metal hydride battery systems is made effectively to be managed in charge and discharge process and equalize, to improve efficiency and the service life of nickel-metal hydride battery systems, reduce the maintenance cost of nickel-metal hydride battery systems；The present invention uses single-chip microcomputer as primary equalization controller, reduces the cost of system；The present invention uses catalyst matrix-style, it is achieved the heavy-current discharge to Ni-MH battery, it is possible to increase the reliability of equilibrium, and realizes heavy-current discharge, and the inventive method is simple to operate, safe and reliable, and portfolio effect is good.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the nickel-metal hydride battery systems that the embodiment of the present invention uses.
Fig. 2 is the balance control method flow chart in embodiment of the present invention charge and discharge process.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment:
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Hereinafter describe and be used for disclosing the present invention so that those skilled in the art are capable of the present invention.Preferred embodiment in below describing is only used as citing, it may occur to persons skilled in the art that other obvious modification.The ultimate principle of the present invention defined in the following description can apply to other embodiments, deformation program, improvement project, equivalent and the other technologies scheme without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
As it is shown in figure 1, one is based on monolithic processor controlled Ni-MH battery big current balance method, concretely comprise the following steps:
(1) a set of nickel-metal hydride battery systems is set; carry the high-power resistance of radiator including Ni-MH battery group, heavy-current discharge resistance R(), Ni-MH battery voltage detection module, singlechip controller and protection device; wherein Ni-MH battery group includes at least two Ni-MH batteries connected, all corresponding first catalyst of the most each Ni-MH battery and second catalyst；The positive pole of Ni-MH battery is connected to heavy-current discharge resistance the first end by the first catalyst of its correspondence, and the negative pole of Ni-MH battery is connected to heavy-current discharge resistance the second end by the second catalyst of its correspondence；Anode of nickel-metal hydride battery can be connected with Ni-MH battery voltage detection module with negative pole with being energized；Singlechip controller includes CAN terminal and control terminal, CAN terminal is connected with Ni-MH battery voltage detection module, the control terminal of control terminal and the first catalyst and the second catalyst connects, when singlechip controller controls the first catalyst corresponding to Ni-MH battery and the conducting of the second catalyst, Ni-MH battery and heavy-current discharge resistor coupled in parallel, synchronization only one of which Ni-MH battery and heavy-current discharge resistor coupled in parallel；Protection device includes that D.C. contactor and resettable fuse, D.C. contactor and resettable fuse are cascaded and is followed by the negative pole of Ni-MH battery group.
Described Ni-MH battery is basic Ni-MH battery unit i.e. monomer Ni-MH battery.
The negative pole of equilibrium object Ni-MH battery 1 connects with the positive pole of Jun Heng object Ni-MH battery 2, the negative pole of described equilibrium object Ni-MH battery 2 connects with the positive pole of Jun Heng object Ni-MH battery 3, it is sequentially connected in series each equilibrium object Ni-MH battery, until the negative pole of equilibrium object Ni-MH battery N-1 connects with the positive pole of Jun Heng object Ni-MH battery N, all Ni-MH batteries are sequentially connected in series Ni-MH battery group, in described Ni-MH battery group, the positive pole of the most described Ni-MH battery group of described equilibrium object Ni-MH battery 1, the negative pole that negative pole is described Ni-MH battery group of described equilibrium object Ni-MH battery N.
The positive pole of each described equilibrium object Ni-MH battery is connected with first end of described heavy-current discharge resistance R by corresponding described first catalyst, the negative pole of each described equilibrium object Ni-MH battery is connected with second end of described heavy-current discharge resistance R by corresponding described second catalyst, is connected with the control terminal of described singlechip controller after the control terminal K parallel connection of described first catalyst and described second catalyst.
The D1 terminal of each first catalyst connects with the positive pole of Jun Heng object Ni-MH battery, and D2 terminal is connected with first end of heavy-current discharge resistance R, and control terminal K is connected with Single-chip Controlling terminal.
The D1 terminal of each second catalyst connects with the negative pole of Jun Heng object Ni-MH battery, and D2 terminal is connected with second end of heavy-current discharge resistance R, and control terminal K is connected with Single-chip Controlling terminal.
Described Ni-MH battery voltage detection module can be connected with positive pole and the negative pole of Ni-MH battery with being energized, for detecting the voltage of each Ni-MH battery；It is connected with described singlechip controller by CAN terminal, sends the voltage signal detected to singlechip controller.
(2) nickel-metal hydride battery systems that step (1) is arranged is run according to following steps:
A. singlechip controller communicates with Ni-MH battery voltage detection module, it is thus achieved that the voltage of each Ni-MH battery.
B. singlechip controller is according to the N number of Ni-MH battery voltage obtained, and finds out the Ni-MH battery that magnitude of voltage is maximum, and wherein N is more than or equal to 2.
C. singlechip controller obtains the meansigma methods of all Ni-MH battery voltage.
D. jump into step e when the Ni-MH battery voltage that magnitude of voltage is maximum is more than a setting threshold values with all Ni-MH battery average voltage deviations, otherwise return to step a.
E. singlechip controller is by controlling the first catalyst corresponding to the maximum Ni-MH battery of voltage and the second catalyst, and the Ni-MH battery making magnitude of voltage maximum is in parallel with heavy-current discharge resistance R, and the Ni-MH battery maximum to magnitude of voltage discharges.
F. waiting the time T of setting, singlechip controller disconnects all contactless contactors by control terminal, and program returns a.
(3) complete step (2) i.e. to realize based on the big current balance of monolithic processor controlled Ni-MH battery.
Claims (1)
1. one kind based on monolithic processor controlled Ni-MH battery big current balance method, it is characterised in that concretely comprise the following steps:
(1) a set of nickel-metal hydride battery systems is set; including Ni-MH battery group, heavy-current discharge resistance, Ni-MH battery voltage detection module, singlechip controller and protection device; wherein Ni-MH battery group includes at least two Ni-MH batteries connected, all corresponding first catalyst of the most each Ni-MH battery and second catalyst；The positive pole of Ni-MH battery is connected to heavy-current discharge resistance the first end by the first catalyst of its correspondence, and the negative pole of Ni-MH battery is connected to heavy-current discharge resistance the second end by the second catalyst of its correspondence；Anode of nickel-metal hydride battery can be connected with Ni-MH battery voltage detection module with negative pole with being energized；Singlechip controller includes CAN terminal and control terminal, CAN terminal is connected with Ni-MH battery voltage detection module, the control terminal of control terminal and the first catalyst and the second catalyst connects, when singlechip controller controls the first catalyst corresponding to Ni-MH battery and the conducting of the second catalyst, Ni-MH battery and heavy-current discharge resistor coupled in parallel, synchronization only one of which Ni-MH battery and heavy-current discharge resistor coupled in parallel；Protection device includes that D.C. contactor and resettable fuse, D.C. contactor and resettable fuse are cascaded and is followed by the negative pole of Ni-MH battery group；
Described Ni-MH battery is basic Ni-MH battery unit i.e. monomer Ni-MH battery or the Ni-MH battery brick composed in parallel by multiple basic Ni-MH battery unit；
(2) nickel-metal hydride battery systems that step (1) is arranged is run according to following steps:
A. singlechip controller communicates with Ni-MH battery voltage detection module, it is thus achieved that the voltage of each Ni-MH battery；
B. singlechip controller is according to the N number of Ni-MH battery voltage obtained, and finds out the Ni-MH battery that magnitude of voltage is maximum, and wherein N is more than or equal to 2；
C. singlechip controller obtains the meansigma methods of all Ni-MH battery voltage；
D. jump into step e when the Ni-MH battery voltage that magnitude of voltage is maximum is more than a setting threshold values with all Ni-MH battery average voltage deviations, otherwise return to step a；
E. singlechip controller is by controlling the first catalyst corresponding to the maximum Ni-MH battery of voltage and the second catalyst, makes Ni-MH battery and the heavy-current discharge resistor coupled in parallel of magnitude of voltage maximum, and the Ni-MH battery maximum to magnitude of voltage discharges；
F. waiting the time T of setting, singlechip controller disconnects all contactless contactors by control terminal, and program returns a；
(3) complete step (2) i.e. to realize based on the big current balance of monolithic processor controlled Ni-MH battery.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610337670.1A CN105846508A (en) | 2016-05-22 | 2016-05-22 | Nickel-metal hydride battery large current equalization method based on single-chip microcomputer control |
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| CN201610337670.1A CN105846508A (en) | 2016-05-22 | 2016-05-22 | Nickel-metal hydride battery large current equalization method based on single-chip microcomputer control |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106385080A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-02-08 | 桂林理工大学 | Nickel-hydrogen battery large-current equalizing method based on FPGA control |
| CN106451655A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-02-22 | 桂林理工大学 | Nickel-metal hydride battery large-current equalization method based on ARM control |
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Cited By (2)
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Application publication date: 20160810 |