CN105811536A - Singlechip microcomputer control base large current balancing method of lithium manganate battery - Google Patents

Singlechip microcomputer control base large current balancing method of lithium manganate battery Download PDF

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CN105811536A
CN105811536A CN201610337672.0A CN201610337672A CN105811536A CN 105811536 A CN105811536 A CN 105811536A CN 201610337672 A CN201610337672 A CN 201610337672A CN 105811536 A CN105811536 A CN 105811536A
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lithium manganate
battery
manganate battery
contactor
lithium
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钟志贤
张烈平
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Guilin University of Technology
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Guilin University of Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0016Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
    • H02J7/0026

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于单片机控制的锰酸锂电池大电流均衡方法。设置一套锰酸锂电池系统,该锰酸锂电池系统包括至少两个串联的锰酸锂电池、与所述锰酸锂电池数量相等的第一接触器和第二接触器、大电流放电电阻、锰酸锂电池电压检测模块、单片机控制器和保护装置。单片机控制器通过锰酸锂电池电压检测模块获得各个锰酸锂电池电压,当锰酸锂电池之间的均衡度大于设定阀值时,将电压最大的锰酸锂电池根据设定的时间通过大电流放电电阻放电。本发明方法采用单片机作为主要均衡控制器,降低系统的成本,并采用接触器矩阵方式,实现对锰酸锂电池的大电流放电,以提高均衡的可靠性,实现大电流放电,同时,本发明方法操作简单,安全可靠,均衡效果好。

The invention discloses a large-current equalization method for a lithium manganate battery controlled by a single-chip microcomputer. A set of lithium manganate battery system is set, and the lithium manganate battery system includes at least two lithium manganate batteries connected in series, a first contactor and a second contactor equal in number to the lithium manganate battery, and a large current discharge resistor , lithium manganese oxide battery voltage detection module, microcontroller controller and protection device. The single-chip controller obtains the voltage of each lithium manganate battery through the lithium manganate battery voltage detection module. When the balance between the lithium manganate batteries is greater than the set threshold value, the lithium manganate battery with the highest voltage passes through according to the set time. High current discharge resistor discharge. The method of the present invention adopts a single-chip microcomputer as the main balance controller to reduce the cost of the system, and adopts a contactor matrix mode to realize high-current discharge of the lithium manganate battery, so as to improve the reliability of balance and realize high-current discharge. At the same time, the present invention The method is simple to operate, safe and reliable, and has good balancing effect.

Description

一种基于单片机控制的锰酸锂电池大电流均衡方法A large current equalization method for lithium manganate battery based on single-chip microcomputer control

技术领域 technical field

本发明属于锂电池组的均衡技术领域,特别涉及一种基于单片机控制的锰酸锂电池大电流均衡方法。 The invention belongs to the technical field of equalization of lithium battery packs, in particular to a large-current equalization method for lithium manganate batteries based on single-chip microcomputer control.

背景技术 Background technique

燃油汽车的发展造成了石油资源的巨大消耗,全球能源危机的不断加深,同时加剧了温室效应和大气污染的危害。世界上大多数国家、政府以及汽车企业都普遍认识到节能减排是未来汽车产业的发展方向,而发展电动汽车将是解决这个难点的最佳办法。电动汽车具有噪声低,无尾气排放、环境友好,热效率高,排放低,可回收利用,改善能源结构等优点。各汽车生产企业正积极研发电动汽车,中国政府也在积极推广电动汽车。电动汽车根据动力源可以大致分为纯电动汽车,混合电动汽车和燃料电池电动汽车,这些电动汽车一般会配置电池作为储能元件,特别是纯电动汽车中广泛应用多串并电池作为动力源。 The development of fuel vehicles has caused a huge consumption of oil resources, the deepening of the global energy crisis, and at the same time aggravated the harm of the greenhouse effect and air pollution. Most countries, governments and automobile companies in the world generally recognize that energy saving and emission reduction is the future development direction of the automobile industry, and the development of electric vehicles will be the best way to solve this difficulty. Electric vehicles have the advantages of low noise, no exhaust emissions, environmental friendliness, high thermal efficiency, low emissions, recyclable utilization, and improved energy structure. Various automobile manufacturers are actively developing electric vehicles, and the Chinese government is also actively promoting electric vehicles. According to the power source, electric vehicles can be roughly divided into pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles and fuel cell electric vehicles. These electric vehicles are generally equipped with batteries as energy storage components, especially in pure electric vehicles, multiple series and parallel batteries are widely used as power sources.

锰酸锂电池以LiMn2O4作为电池的正级,由铝箔与其他正极连接,中间是聚合物的隔膜,它把正极和负极隔开,但是锂离子可以通过而电子不能通过,右边是由碳组成的电池负极,由铜箔与电池的负极连接。电池的上下端之间是电池的电解液,电池由金属外壳封闭封装。锰酸锂电池由于其放电性能优越,可以广泛在动力系统中应用。 The lithium manganese oxide battery uses LiMn 2 O 4 as the positive stage of the battery, which is connected to other positive electrodes by aluminum foil. The middle is a polymer separator, which separates the positive electrode from the negative electrode, but lithium ions can pass through but electrons cannot pass through. The right side is The negative electrode of the battery composed of carbon is connected to the negative electrode of the battery by copper foil. Between the upper and lower ends of the battery is the electrolyte of the battery, and the battery is sealed and packaged by a metal casing. Lithium manganese oxide batteries can be widely used in power systems due to their superior discharge performance.

由于锰酸锂电池组的各个单体都是不同的个体,在生产工艺,生产时间等因素导致电池性能指标存在差别。虽然随着技术的不断进步,出厂前,锰酸锂电池内部之间的差别不断缩小,但是使用过程中微弱的不一致性会随着使用条件被不断放大。这样的不一致性将导致整组锰酸锂电池的容量与设计值偏差越来越大。在充电过程中,容量小的单体将首先被充满,导致其他容量的电池不能获得足够的容量;在放电过程中,容量小的单体首先被放电到截止电压,整组电池将停止放电。这样的不一致性问题的存在,造成锰酸锂电池组的可用容量和使用寿命等方面远不及单体电池,并且加大了对电池进行管理和控制的难度。实践表明,当电池组的一致性问题发展到个别电池发生容量大幅减小,内阻显著提高等情况时,整组电池的性能会在短时间快速恶化,从而使整个电池组报废。 Since the individual cells of the lithium manganese oxide battery pack are different individuals, there are differences in battery performance indicators due to factors such as production process and production time. Although with the continuous advancement of technology, the internal differences between lithium manganese oxide batteries continue to shrink before leaving the factory, but the slight inconsistency during use will continue to be magnified with the use conditions. Such inconsistency will lead to an increasing deviation between the capacity of the entire group of lithium manganese oxide batteries and the design value. During the charging process, the cells with small capacity will be fully charged first, causing the batteries with other capacities to fail to obtain sufficient capacity; during the discharge process, the cells with small capacity will be discharged to the cut-off voltage first, and the entire battery pack will stop discharging. The existence of such inconsistency causes the usable capacity and service life of the lithium manganese oxide battery pack to be far inferior to that of the single battery, and increases the difficulty of managing and controlling the battery. Practice has shown that when the consistency problem of the battery pack develops to the situation that the capacity of individual batteries is greatly reduced and the internal resistance is significantly increased, the performance of the entire battery pack will deteriorate rapidly in a short time, thus making the entire battery pack scrapped.

为了解决锰酸锂电池组不一致性问题,人们提出了锰酸锂电池的均衡技术。均衡管理的主要内容是检测锰酸锂电池组的电压,电流等参数,对这些参数进行识别,分析电池的一致性,通过控制装置对能量体高的单体进行放电,,使各个单体的状态趋于一致。通过有效的均衡控制策略和均衡电路可以改善电池组的一致性问题,能够延长电池组的寿命,降低电池组的维护成本,使安全高效智能使用的电动汽车获得推广。 In order to solve the inconsistency problem of lithium manganese oxide battery packs, a balancing technology for lithium manganese oxide batteries has been proposed. The main content of balance management is to detect the voltage, current and other parameters of the lithium manganese oxide battery pack, identify these parameters, analyze the consistency of the battery, discharge the monomer with high energy body through the control device, and make the state of each monomer converge. Through effective balance control strategies and balance circuits, the consistency of the battery pack can be improved, the life of the battery pack can be extended, the maintenance cost of the battery pack can be reduced, and the safe, efficient and intelligent use of electric vehicles can be promoted.

目前通用的均衡方法是对每个锰酸锂电池配置一个放电电阻,通过检查每个单体的电压,对单体比较高的单体通过自己对应的放电电阻进行放电。当锰酸锂电池容量比较大时,该放电电阻放电电流将很难满足快速均衡的要求。如果将每个锰酸锂电池对应的放电电阻功率变大,其体积和散热将面对新的挑战,现有采用电阻均衡的方法很少有大电流均衡的方法。 At present, the general equalization method is to configure a discharge resistor for each lithium manganese oxide battery. By checking the voltage of each cell, the cell with a relatively high cell is discharged through its corresponding discharge resistor. When the capacity of the lithium manganese oxide battery is relatively large, the discharge current of the discharge resistor will hardly meet the requirements of fast equalization. If the power of the discharge resistor corresponding to each lithium manganese oxide battery is increased, its volume and heat dissipation will face new challenges. Existing methods that use resistance equalization rarely have large current equalization methods.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是提供一种基于单片机控制的锰酸锂电池大电流均衡方法。 The object of the present invention is to provide a method for balancing large current of lithium manganate battery based on single-chip microcomputer control.

具体步骤为: The specific steps are:

(1)设置一套锰酸锂电池系统,包括锰酸锂电池组、大电流放电电阻、锰酸锂电池电压检测模块、单片机控制器和保护装置,其中锰酸锂电池组包括至少二个串联的锰酸锂电池,其中每个锰酸锂电池均对应一个第一接触器和一个第二接触器;锰酸锂电池的正极通过其对应的第一接触器连接于大电流放电电阻第一端,锰酸锂电池的负极通过其对应的第二接触器连接于大电流放电电阻第二端;锰酸锂电池正极与负极与锰酸锂电池电压检测模块能够通电地相连接;单片机控制器包括CAN端子和控制端子,CAN端子与锰酸锂电池电压检测模块连接,控制端子与第一接触器和第二接触器的控制端子连接,当单片机控制器控制锰酸锂电池对应的第一接触器和第二接触器导通时,锰酸锂电池与大电流放电电阻并联,同一时刻只有一个锰酸锂电池与大电流放电电阻并联;保护装置包括直流接触器和自恢复保险丝,直流接触器和自恢复保险丝串联在一起后接于锰酸锂电池组的负极。 (1) Set up a lithium manganate battery system, including a lithium manganate battery pack, a large current discharge resistor, a lithium manganate battery voltage detection module, a single-chip controller and a protection device, wherein the lithium manganate battery pack includes at least two series lithium manganese oxide battery, wherein each lithium manganese oxide battery corresponds to a first contactor and a second contactor; the positive pole of the lithium manganese oxide battery is connected to the first end of the large current discharge resistor through its corresponding first contactor The negative pole of the lithium manganate battery is connected to the second end of the large current discharge resistor through its corresponding second contactor; the positive pole and the negative pole of the lithium manganate battery are electrically connected to the voltage detection module of the lithium manganate battery; the single-chip controller includes CAN terminal and control terminal, the CAN terminal is connected to the lithium manganese oxide battery voltage detection module, the control terminal is connected to the control terminals of the first contactor and the second contactor, when the single-chip controller controls the first contactor corresponding to the lithium manganese oxide battery When the second contactor is turned on, the lithium manganate battery is connected in parallel with the high-current discharge resistor, and only one lithium manganate battery is connected in parallel with the high-current discharge resistor at the same time; the protection device includes a DC contactor and a resettable fuse, and the DC contactor and The resettable fuses are connected in series to the negative pole of the lithium manganate battery pack.

所述锰酸锂电池为基本锰酸锂电池单元即单体锰酸锂电池或者由多个基本锰酸锂电池单元并联组成的锰酸锂电池砖。 The lithium manganate battery is a basic lithium manganate battery unit, that is, a single lithium manganate battery, or a lithium manganate battery brick composed of a plurality of basic lithium manganate battery units connected in parallel.

(2)步骤(1)设置的锰酸锂电池系统按照以下步骤运行: (2) The lithium manganese oxide battery system set in step (1) operates according to the following steps:

a.单片机控制器与锰酸锂电池电压检测模块通信,获得每个锰酸锂电池的电压。 a. The microcontroller controller communicates with the lithium manganese oxide battery voltage detection module to obtain the voltage of each lithium manganese oxide battery.

b.单片机控制器根据获得的N个锰酸锂电池电压,找出电压值最大的锰酸锂电池,其中N大于等于2。 b. The single-chip controller finds out the lithium manganate battery with the highest voltage value according to the obtained voltages of the N lithium manganate batteries, wherein N is greater than or equal to 2.

c.单片机控制器求出所有锰酸锂电池电压的平均值。 c. The single-chip controller calculates the average voltage of all lithium manganese oxide batteries.

d.当电压值最大的锰酸锂电池电压与所有锰酸锂电池平均电压偏差大于一设定阀值时跳入步骤e,否则回到步骤a。 d. When the deviation between the voltage of the lithium manganese oxide battery with the largest voltage value and the average voltage of all lithium manganese oxide batteries is greater than a set threshold, jump to step e, otherwise return to step a.

e.单片机控制器通过控制电压最大的锰酸锂电池对应的第一接触器和第二接触器使电压值最大的锰酸锂电池与大电流放电电阻并联,对电压值最大的锰酸锂电池进行放电。 e. The single-chip controller connects the lithium manganate battery with the highest voltage value in parallel with the large current discharge resistor by controlling the first contactor and the second contactor corresponding to the lithium manganate battery with the highest voltage value, and the lithium manganate battery with the highest voltage value to discharge.

f.等待设定的时间T,单片机控制器通过控制端子断开所有接触器开关,程序返回步骤a。 f. Wait for the set time T, the single-chip controller disconnects all contactor switches through the control terminals, and the program returns to step a.

(3)完成步骤(2)即实现基于单片机控制的锰酸锂电池大电流均衡。 (3) Completion of step (2) is to realize the large current balance of lithium manganate battery based on single-chip microcomputer control.

本发明方法使用一套锰酸锂电池系统,该锰酸锂电池系统包括锰酸锂电池的充放电均衡装置,使锰酸锂电池系统在充放电过程中得到有效的管理和均衡,以提高锰酸锂电池系统的能效和使用寿命,降低锰酸锂电系统的维护成本;本发明采用单片机作为主要均衡控制器,降低系统的成本,并采用接触器矩阵方式,实现对锰酸锂电池的大电流放电,以提高均衡的可靠性,实现大电流放电,本发明方法操作简单,安全可靠,均衡效果好。 The method of the present invention uses a set of lithium manganate battery system, the lithium manganate battery system includes a charge and discharge equalization device for the lithium manganate battery, so that the lithium manganate battery system can be effectively managed and balanced during the charge and discharge process, so as to improve the manganese The energy efficiency and service life of the lithium manganate battery system can reduce the maintenance cost of the lithium manganate battery system; the present invention uses a single-chip microcomputer as the main balance controller to reduce the cost of the system, and adopts the contactor matrix method to realize the large current of the lithium manganate battery Discharge to improve the reliability of equalization and realize high-current discharge. The method of the invention is simple to operate, safe and reliable, and has good equalization effect.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1为本发明实施例使用的锰酸锂电池系统的结构示意图。 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lithium manganese oxide battery system used in an embodiment of the present invention.

图2为本发明实施例充放电过程中的均衡控制方法流程图。 FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an equalization control method during charging and discharging according to an embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式 detailed description

实施例:Example:

下面结合附图对本发明做进一步说明。 The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

以下描述用于揭露本发明以使本领域技术人员能够实现本发明。以下描述中的优选实施例只作为举例,本领域技术人员可以想到其他显而易见的变型。在以下描述中界定的本发明的基本原理可以应用于其他实施方案、变形方案、改进方案、等同方案以及没有背离本发明的精神和范围的其他技术方案。 The following description serves to disclose the present invention to enable those skilled in the art to carry out the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art can devise other obvious variations. The basic principles of the present invention defined in the following description can be applied to other embodiments, variations, improvements, equivalents and other technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

如图1所示,一种基于单片机控制的锰酸锂电池大电流均衡方法,具体步骤为: As shown in Figure 1, a large current equalization method for lithium manganate batteries based on single-chip microcomputer control, the specific steps are:

(1)设置一套锰酸锂电池系统,包括锰酸锂电池组、大电流放电电阻R(自带散热器的大功率电阻)、锰酸锂电池电压检测模块、单片机控制器和保护装置,其中锰酸锂电池组包括至少二个串联的锰酸锂电池,其中每个锰酸锂电池均对应一个第一接触器和一个第二接触器;锰酸锂电池的正极通过其对应的第一接触器连接于大电流放电电阻第一端,锰酸锂电池的负极通过其对应的第二接触器连接于大电流放电电阻第二端;锰酸锂电池正极与负极与锰酸锂电池电压检测模块能够通电地相连接;单片机控制器包括CAN端子和控制端子,CAN端子与锰酸锂电池电压检测模块连接,控制端子与第一接触器和第二接触器的控制端子连接,当单片机控制器控制锰酸锂电池对应的第一接触器和第二接触器导通时,锰酸锂电池与大电流放电电阻并联,同一时刻只有一个锰酸锂电池与大电流放电电阻并联;保护装置包括直流接触器和自恢复保险丝,直流接触器和自恢复保险丝串联在一起后接于锰酸锂电池组的负极。 (1) Set up a set of lithium manganese oxide battery system, including lithium manganese oxide battery pack, high-current discharge resistor R (high-power resistor with built-in radiator), lithium manganese oxide battery voltage detection module, single-chip controller and protection device, Wherein the lithium manganate battery pack includes at least two lithium manganate batteries connected in series, wherein each lithium manganate battery corresponds to a first contactor and a second contactor; the positive electrode of the lithium manganate battery passes through its corresponding first The contactor is connected to the first end of the high-current discharge resistor, and the negative electrode of the lithium manganate battery is connected to the second end of the high-current discharge resistor through its corresponding second contactor; The modules can be electrically connected; the microcontroller controller includes a CAN terminal and a control terminal, the CAN terminal is connected to the lithium manganese oxide battery voltage detection module, and the control terminal is connected to the control terminals of the first contactor and the second contactor. When controlling the conduction of the first contactor and the second contactor corresponding to the lithium manganate battery, the lithium manganate battery is connected in parallel with the high-current discharge resistor, and only one lithium manganate battery is connected in parallel with the high-current discharge resistor at the same time; the protection device includes DC The contactor and resettable fuse, and the DC contactor and resettable fuse are connected in series to the negative pole of the lithium manganate battery pack.

所述锰酸锂电池为基本锰酸锂电池单元即单体锰酸锂电池。 The lithium manganate battery is a basic lithium manganate battery unit, that is, a single lithium manganate battery.

均衡对象锰酸锂电池1的负极与均衡对象锰酸锂电池2的正极连接,均衡对象锰酸锂电池2的负极与均衡对象锰酸锂电池3的正极连接,依次串联各个均衡对象锰酸锂电池,直到均衡对象锰酸锂电池N-1的负极与均衡对象锰酸锂电池N的正极连接,所有锰酸锂电池依次串联组成锰酸锂电池组,在锰酸锂电池组中,均衡对象锰酸锂电池1的正极为锰酸锂电池组的正极,均衡对象锰酸锂电池N的负极为锰酸锂电池组的负极。 The negative pole of the balanced lithium manganate battery 1 is connected to the positive pole of the balanced lithium manganese battery 2, the negative pole of the balanced lithium manganese battery 2 is connected to the positive pole of the balanced lithium manganese battery 3, and each balanced lithium manganate is connected in series. battery until the negative electrode of the balanced object lithium manganate battery N-1 is connected to the positive electrode of the balanced object lithium manganate battery N, and all the lithium manganate batteries are connected in series to form a lithium manganate battery pack. The positive pole of the lithium manganate battery 1 is the positive pole of the lithium manganate battery pack, and the negative pole of the lithium manganate battery N to be balanced is the negative pole of the lithium manganate battery pack.

每个均衡对象锰酸锂电池的正极通过对应的第一接触器与大电流放电电阻R的第一端连接,每个均衡对象锰酸锂电池的负极通过对应的第二接触器与大电流放电电阻R的第二端连接,第一接触器和第二接触器的控制端子K并联后与单片机控制器的控制端子连接。 The positive electrode of each balanced object lithium manganese oxide battery is connected to the first end of the large current discharge resistor R through the corresponding first contactor, and the negative electrode of each balanced object lithium manganese oxide battery is discharged with the large current through the corresponding second contactor The second end of the resistor R is connected, and the control terminal K of the first contactor and the second contactor are connected in parallel to the control terminal of the single-chip controller.

每个第一接触器的D1端子与均衡对象锰酸锂电池的正极连接,D2端子与大电流放电电阻R的第一端连接,控制端子K与单片机控制器的控制端子连接。 The D1 terminal of each first contactor is connected to the positive pole of the lithium manganese oxide battery to be balanced, the D2 terminal is connected to the first end of the large current discharge resistor R, and the control terminal K is connected to the control terminal of the single-chip controller.

每个第二接触器的D1端子与均衡对象锰酸锂电池的负极连接,D2端子与大电流放电电阻R的第二端连接,控制端子K与单片机控制器的控制端子连接。 The D1 terminal of each second contactor is connected to the negative pole of the lithium manganese oxide battery to be balanced, the D2 terminal is connected to the second end of the large current discharge resistor R, and the control terminal K is connected to the control terminal of the single-chip controller.

所述锰酸锂电池电压检测模块与锰酸锂电池的正极和负极能够通电地相连接,用于检测每个锰酸锂电池的电压;通过CAN总线与单片机控制器连接,向单片机控制器发送所检测的电压信号。 The lithium manganate battery voltage detection module is electrically connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of the lithium manganate battery, and is used to detect the voltage of each lithium manganate battery; it is connected to the single-chip controller through the CAN bus, and is sent to the single-chip controller. The detected voltage signal.

(2)步骤(1)设置的锰酸锂电池系统按照以下步骤运行: (2) The lithium manganese oxide battery system set in step (1) operates according to the following steps:

a.单片机控制器与锰酸锂电池电压检测模块通信,获得每个锰酸锂电池的电压。 a. The microcontroller controller communicates with the lithium manganese oxide battery voltage detection module to obtain the voltage of each lithium manganese oxide battery.

b.单片机控制器根据获得的N个锰酸锂电池电压,找出电压值最大的锰酸锂电池,其中N大于等于2。 b. The single-chip controller finds out the lithium manganate battery with the highest voltage value according to the obtained voltages of the N lithium manganate batteries, wherein N is greater than or equal to 2.

c.单片机控制器求出所有锰酸锂电池电压的平均值。 c. The single-chip controller calculates the average voltage of all lithium manganese oxide batteries.

d.当电压值最大的锰酸锂电池电压与所有锰酸锂电池平均电压偏差大于一设定阀值时跳入步骤e,否则回到步骤a。 d. When the deviation between the voltage of the lithium manganese oxide battery with the largest voltage value and the average voltage of all lithium manganese oxide batteries is greater than a set threshold, jump to step e, otherwise return to step a.

e.单片机控制器通过控制电压最大的锰酸锂电池对应的第一接触器和第二接触器使电压值最大的锰酸锂电池与大电流放电电阻R并联,对电压值最大的锰酸锂电池进行放电。 e. The single-chip controller connects the lithium manganate battery with the largest voltage value in parallel with the large current discharge resistor R by controlling the first contactor and the second contactor corresponding to the lithium manganate battery with the highest voltage value, and the lithium manganate battery with the largest voltage value The battery is discharging.

f.等待设定的时间T,单片机控制器通过控制端子断开所有接触器开关,程序返回步骤a。 f. Wait for the set time T, the single-chip controller disconnects all contactor switches through the control terminals, and the program returns to step a.

(3)完成步骤(2)即实现基于单片机控制的锰酸锂电池大电流均衡。 (3) Completion of step (2) is to realize the large current balance of lithium manganate battery based on single-chip microcomputer control.

Claims (1)

1.一种基于单片机控制的锰酸锂电池大电流均衡方法,其特征在于具体步骤为: 1. A lithium manganate battery high current equalization method based on single-chip microcomputer control, is characterized in that concrete steps are: (1)设置一套锰酸锂电池系统,包括锰酸锂电池组、大电流放电电阻、锰酸锂电池电压检测模块、单片机控制器和保护装置,其中锰酸锂电池组包括至少二个串联的锰酸锂电池,其中每个锰酸锂电池均对应一个第一接触器和一个第二接触器;锰酸锂电池的正极通过其对应的第一接触器连接于大电流放电电阻第一端,锰酸锂电池的负极通过其对应的第二接触器连接于大电流放电电阻第二端;锰酸锂电池正极与负极与锰酸锂电池电压检测模块能够通电地相连接;单片机控制器包括CAN端子和控制端子,CAN端子与锰酸锂电池电压检测模块连接,控制端子与第一接触器和第二接触器的控制端子连接,当单片机控制器控制锰酸锂电池对应的第一接触器和第二接触器导通时,锰酸锂电池与大电流放电电阻并联,同一时刻只有一个锰酸锂电池与大电流放电电阻并联;保护装置包括直流接触器和自恢复保险丝,直流接触器和自恢复保险丝串联在一起后接于锰酸锂电池组的负极; (1) Set up a lithium manganate battery system, including a lithium manganate battery pack, a large current discharge resistor, a lithium manganate battery voltage detection module, a single-chip controller and a protection device, wherein the lithium manganate battery pack includes at least two series lithium manganese oxide battery, wherein each lithium manganese oxide battery corresponds to a first contactor and a second contactor; the positive pole of the lithium manganese oxide battery is connected to the first end of the large current discharge resistor through its corresponding first contactor The negative pole of the lithium manganate battery is connected to the second end of the large current discharge resistor through its corresponding second contactor; the positive pole and the negative pole of the lithium manganate battery are electrically connected to the voltage detection module of the lithium manganate battery; the single-chip controller includes CAN terminal and control terminal, the CAN terminal is connected to the lithium manganese oxide battery voltage detection module, the control terminal is connected to the control terminals of the first contactor and the second contactor, when the single-chip controller controls the first contactor corresponding to the lithium manganese oxide battery When the second contactor is turned on, the lithium manganate battery is connected in parallel with the high-current discharge resistor, and only one lithium manganate battery is connected in parallel with the high-current discharge resistor at the same time; the protection device includes a DC contactor and a resettable fuse, and the DC contactor and The self-recovery fuses are connected in series and then connected to the negative pole of the lithium manganate battery pack; 所述锰酸锂电池为基本锰酸锂电池单元即单体锰酸锂电池或者由多个基本锰酸锂电池单元并联组成的锰酸锂电池砖; The lithium manganate battery is a basic lithium manganate battery unit, that is, a single lithium manganate battery or a lithium manganate battery brick composed of a plurality of basic lithium manganate battery units connected in parallel; (2)步骤(1)设置的锰酸锂电池系统按照以下步骤运行: (2) The lithium manganese oxide battery system set in step (1) operates according to the following steps: a.单片机控制器与锰酸锂电池电压检测模块通信,获得每个锰酸锂电池的电压; a. The microcontroller controller communicates with the lithium manganese oxide battery voltage detection module to obtain the voltage of each lithium manganese oxide battery; b.单片机控制器根据获得的N个锰酸锂电池电压,找出电压值最大的锰酸锂电池,其中N大于等于2; b. The microcontroller controller finds the lithium manganate battery with the highest voltage value according to the obtained voltages of the N lithium manganate batteries, where N is greater than or equal to 2; c.单片机控制器求出所有锰酸锂电池电压的平均值; c. The single-chip controller calculates the average value of the voltage of all lithium manganese oxide batteries; d.当电压值最大的锰酸锂电池电压与所有锰酸锂电池平均电压偏差大于一设定阀值时跳入步骤e,否则回到步骤a; d. When the deviation between the voltage of the lithium manganate battery with the largest voltage value and the average voltage of all lithium manganate batteries is greater than a set threshold, jump into step e, otherwise return to step a; e.单片机控制器通过控制电压最大的锰酸锂电池对应的第一接触器和第二接触器使电压值最大的锰酸锂电池与大电流放电电阻并联,对电压值最大的锰酸锂电池进行放电; e. The single-chip controller connects the lithium manganate battery with the highest voltage value in parallel with the large current discharge resistor by controlling the first contactor and the second contactor corresponding to the lithium manganate battery with the highest voltage value, and the lithium manganate battery with the highest voltage value discharge; f.等待设定的时间T,单片机控制器通过控制端子断开所有接触器开关,程序返回步骤a; f. Wait for the set time T, the single-chip controller disconnects all contactor switches through the control terminals, and the program returns to step a; (3)完成步骤(2)即实现基于单片机控制的锰酸锂电池大电流均衡。 (3) Completion of step (2) is to realize the large current balance of lithium manganate battery based on single-chip microcomputer control.
CN201610337672.0A 2016-05-22 2016-05-22 Singlechip microcomputer control base large current balancing method of lithium manganate battery Pending CN105811536A (en)

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