CN105842179A - 一种抗晒性中药的筛选方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种中药保健护肤技术领域,具体涉及一种抗晒性中药的筛选方法,该方法包括原料的预处理、提取方法、UV检测和统计分析,利用乙醇溶液提取待测药品,测量从210~340nm波长下的吸光度值;然后利用不同提取方法分析,对UV‑C、UV‑B、UV‑A各波段下的乙醇溶液提取吸光度值和蒸馏水提取的吸光度值进行比较;不同波段重要性分析,对UV‑C、UV‑B、UV‑A各波段的乙醇溶液提取的吸光度值进行方差分析;对中药材抗晒性的筛选,依据乙醇溶液提取的吸光度值,对每种中药进行聚类分析,根据聚类结果适当分组,进行判别分析。本发明的分析方法科学有效,优于目前文献对实验结果单一指标直接分析法,采用多指标在全范围内进行综合分类和比较,提高了分析结果的可靠性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药保健护肤技术领域,具体涉及一种抗晒性中药的筛选方法。
背景技术
晒太阳对于人的健康重要性不言而喻,但经常在太阳下工作,特别是在强烈阳光照射下,紫外线对人体会造成伤害。阳光中的紫外线按其波长分为三段:短波紫外线UV-C(200-280nm),中波紫外线UV-B(280-320nm),长波紫外线UV-A(320-400nm)。其中UV-B对皮肤作用能力最强,能使皮肤表皮细胞内的核酸或蛋白质变性,发生急性皮炎—日光晒焦、红斑或灼伤。UV—A会氧化表皮中的还原黑色素而直接晒黑皮肤,它穿透力强,作用缓慢、持久,具有累积性,日久会引起皮肤光老化,增加UV-B区对皮肤的损害。UV-C穿透力弱,经臭氧层吸收后,到达地面虽极为微弱,但随着大气层臭氧洞的日益增大,其对人体皮肤的损害将日益严重。防晒是预防紫外线对人体造成损害的重要措施。
目前防晒化妆品中的防晒剂一般可分为二类,一类为无机的紫外线屏蔽剂,但这类防晒剂存在易堵塞毛孔和具有刺激性等问题;另一类为合成的紫外吸收剂,但这类防晒剂大多是刺激性和光敏性物质,用量大时易导致皮肤过敏,存在不安全因素和对UV-A区紫外线的吸收防护不够完全等问题。从2010年以来,美容产品逐步向有机原料发展,回到可信来源和本地种植等方面来。毫无疑问,天然植物类化妆品是今后国内外化妆品研发的主要趋势,而中草药则是功能性化妆品的最好原料。
我国具有丰富的中草药资源,几千年来在防病治病中已发挥了重要的作用,但在防晒方面的研究还较少,目前有关文献在研究上存在不足:(1)都是对每个波段的单一分析,缺少对3个波段的综合分析。(2)对参与筛选的中药材种类比较少,不足以比较寻找更好的抗晒中药材。(3)对参选的中药材,没有根据它们在3个波段的吸收特点,进行有效分类,为人们研究、选择药材提供参考。基于以上原因,本文依据一些文献资料,选择了35种中药材,依据紫外线三波段的吸光度值进行了综合分析,寻找最好的抗晒类的中药。
发明内容
综上所述,本发明提供了一种抗晒性中药的筛选方法,包含以下步骤:
步骤一:原料的预处理:将待筛选的每种中草药样品在烘箱中烘干后,分别用固体样品粉碎机粉碎,过40目筛,装瓶备用;
步骤二:提取方法:称取每种粉碎备好的药材各2份,每份1.0g,分别加入50%乙醇50mL和蒸馏水50mL中,浸泡30min,然后超声波提取30min,过滤,收集滤液;用相应的提取溶剂定容至50mL,冰箱中低温冷藏保存,待测;
步骤三:UV检测:分别检测以50%乙醇溶液提取的待测药品和以蒸馏水提取的待测药品,测量从210~340nm波长下的吸光度值,每个波段测量4次,得出平均值;
步骤四:统计分析
1)不同提取方法分析:对UV-C、UV-B、UV-A各波段下的50%乙醇溶液提取吸光度值和蒸馏水提取的吸光度值进行比较,检验2种不同提取方法对吸光度值有无显著影响;
2)不同波段重要性分析:对UV-C、UV-B、UV-A各波段的50%乙醇溶液提取的吸光度值进行方差分析,看中药材在3个波段上有无显著差异;
3)对中药材抗晒性的筛选:依据50%乙醇溶液提取的吸光度值,对每种中药进行聚类分析,再根据聚类结果适当分组,进行判别分析,根据判别分析结果,再重新分组,再判别分析,反复调整,直到判别结果完全正确,符合实际为止;
以上运算利用SPSS17.0软件与MATLAB软件编程计算。
进一步,利用上述筛选方法得到的抗晒性较好的中药依次为:黄连、大黄、肉桂、槐米、菊花,其中菊花、金银花、金莲花和沙棘叶的抗晒性相同。
本发明所产生的有益效果为:
本发明利用科学的统计分析法筛选出最佳提取方法和具有最佳抗晒性能的中药,是一种技术简单、投资低、见效快、科学可行、高效经济的利用中药材保健护肤的方法。优点在于:突破了目前文献中关于中药抗晒性筛选药种数太少的局限,使筛选范围扩大,利于寻找到抗晒性更好的中药;优于目前文献对实验结果单一指标直接分析法,采用多指标在全范围内进行综合分类和比较,提高了分析结果的可靠性;优于目前文献中分析结论的简单性,使分析结论更加丰富而详实。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施例对本发明做进一步详细地描述,但本发明的保护范围并不限于此。
实施例
1
一种抗晒性中药的筛选方法,下面针对以下35种中药的抗晒性做筛选,35种中药包括:牡丹花、牛膝、天麻、桃仁、补骨脂、丹参、银杏叶、桑叶、竹叶、甘草、红花、芦根、枸杞、黄连、大黄、肉桂、槐米、菊花、金银花、金莲花、沙棘叶、黄芩、艾叶、款冬花、虎杖、枳壳、地榆、皂角刺、天南星、苍术、山楂、山茱萸、小茴香、淡竹叶;一种中药抗晒性的筛选方法,包含以下步骤:
步骤一:原料的预处理:将35种中草药样品在烘箱中烘干后,分别用固体样品粉碎机粉碎,过40目筛,装瓶备用。
步骤二:提取方法:称取每种粉碎备好的药材各2份,每份1.0g,一份加入50%乙醇50mL,一份加入蒸馏水50mL,浸泡30min,然后超声波提取30min,过滤,收集滤液;用相应的提取溶剂定容至50mL,冰箱中低温冷藏保存,待测。
步骤三:UV检测:分别检测以50%乙醇溶液提取的待测药品和以蒸馏水提取的待测药品,测量从210~340nm波长下的吸光度值,每个波段测量4次,得出平均值。
步骤四:统计分析
1)不同提取方法分析:对UV-C、UV-B、UV-A各波段下的50%乙醇溶液提取的吸光度值和蒸馏水提取的吸光度值进行比较,检验2种不同提取方法对吸光度值有无显著影响。
在UV-C段,50%乙醇提取与蒸馏水提取没显著差别,但在UV-B和UV-A段,存在极显著差异和显著差异,说明50%乙醇溶液提取显著优于蒸馏水提取。
2)不同波段重要性分析:对UV-C、UV-B、UV-A3个波段的50%乙醇溶液提取的吸光度值进行方差分析,看中药材在3个波段上有无显著差异。
35种中药的50%乙醇提取样品的吸光度值在UV-C段、UV-B段与UV-A段三段上存在极显著差异,UV-C段、UV-B段与UV-A存在显著差异,UV-C段和UV-B段间不存在显著差异,提示UV-A段变化的重要性。
3)对中药材抗晒性的筛选:依据50%乙醇溶液提取的吸光度值,对35种中药进行聚类分析,再根据聚类结果适当分组,进行判别分析,根据判别分析结果,再重新分组,再判别分析,反复调整,直到判别结果完全正确,符合实际为止。以上运算利用SPSS17.0软件与MATLAB软件编程计算。
通过聚类分析,反复的判别分析调整,最后分成有效的4组:第一组抗晒性最好,其重要性依次为:黄连>大黄>肉桂>槐米>(菊花、金银花、金莲花、沙棘叶)。第二组抗晒性次之,其特点是:UV-B段吸光度值较大,最小为0.362,都大于3组和4组,其重要性依次为:(黄芩、艾叶)>(款冬花、虎杖)>(枳壳、地榆、皂角刺)>(牡丹花、牛膝、天麻)。第三组抗晒性小于第二组,其特点是:在UV-A、UV-B、UV-C三个波段的吸光度值分布比较均衡,UV-C值较大,最小为0.31,同时UV-B段吸光度值最小为0.17,UV-A段吸光度值最小为0.14,都区别于第四组。第三组包括:桃仁、补骨脂、丹参、银杏叶、桑叶、竹叶、甘草、红花。第四组各对象的吸光度值都很低,整个变化缺少规律,包括:芦根、枸杞、天南星、苍术、山楂、山茱萸、小茴香、淡竹叶。
要说明的是,上述实施例是对本发明技术方案的说明而非限制,所属技术领域普通技术人员的等同替换或者根据现有技术而做的其它修改,只要没超出本发明技术方案的思路和范围,均应包含在本发明所要求的权利范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.一种抗晒性中药的筛选方法,其特征在于,包含以下步骤:
步骤一:原料的预处理:将待筛选的每种中草药样品在烘箱中烘干后,分别用固体样品粉碎机粉碎,过40目筛,装瓶备用;
步骤二:提取方法:称取每种粉碎备好的药材各2份,每份1.0g,分别加入50%乙醇50mL和蒸馏水50mL中,浸泡30min,然后超声波提取30min,过滤,收集滤液;用相应的提取溶剂定容至50mL,冰箱中低温冷藏保存,待测;
步骤三:UV检测:分别检测以50%乙醇溶液提取的待测药品和以蒸馏水提取的待测药品,测量从210~340nm波长下的吸光度值,每个波段测量4次,得出平均值;
步骤四:统计分析
1)不同提取方法分析:对UV-C、UV-B、UV-A各波段下的50%乙醇溶液提取吸光度值和蒸馏水提取的吸光度值进行比较,检验2种不同提取方法对吸光度值有无显著影响;
2)不同波段重要性分析:对UV-C、UV-B、UV-A各波段的50%乙醇溶液提取的吸光度值进行方差分析,看中药材在3个波段上有无显著差异;
3)对中药材抗晒性的筛选:依据50%乙醇溶液提取的吸光度值,对每种中药进行聚类分析,再根据聚类结果适当分组,进行判别分析,根据判别分析结果,再重新分组,再判别分析,反复调整,直到判别结果完全正确,符合实际为止。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗晒性中药的筛选方法,其特征在于,利用该筛选方法得到的抗晒性较好的中药依次为:黄连、大黄、肉桂、槐米、菊花、金银花、金莲花和沙棘叶,其中菊花、金银花、金莲花和沙棘叶的抗晒性相同。
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