CN105841596B - The length of dry sand of tailings reservoir measurement sensor and its measuring method of TDR principles - Google Patents
The length of dry sand of tailings reservoir measurement sensor and its measuring method of TDR principles Download PDFInfo
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- CN105841596B CN105841596B CN201610166216.4A CN201610166216A CN105841596B CN 105841596 B CN105841596 B CN 105841596B CN 201610166216 A CN201610166216 A CN 201610166216A CN 105841596 B CN105841596 B CN 105841596B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of length of dry sand of tailings reservoir measurement sensor of TDR principles and its measuring method.Sensor includes TDR measuring instruments, two cored wires and sleeve pipe, two cored wires are enclosed in the sleeve pipe that water pipe and joint alternately connect, and tiled from tailing dam along straight line to below the Tailings Dam water surface, TDR measuring instruments are arranged on tailing dam, the impedance of two cored wires is measured with TDR measuring instruments, two cored wire impedances at water submerged can change, TDR data are carried out with analysis two cored wire length with reference to corresponding to TDR each sampling intervals of demarcation, identify the length of the cored wire of underwater two, the length that two cored wire overall lengths subtract underwater portion is distance of the water surface to tailing dam, the last tailing dam slope known to can calculate dry beach length.The inventive method can accurately and easily measure to obtain the dry beach length of tailing dam, and shield dew and aqua is attached to influence on two cored wires to measurement result.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to detection technique field, and in particular to the dry beach length measuring sensors of TDR principles a kind of and its
Measuring method, measured available for length of dry sand of tailings reservoir.
Background technology
Dry beach length is an important indicator of Safety of Tailings Dam monitoring, does beach measurement of length neither one for a long time
Accurately and reliably method.
Long beach length measurement method just has at present：
1. gradient predication method
Gradient predication method is a kind of most commonly used method in current length of dry sand of tailings reservoir on-line monitoring system, and its is basic
Principle is:Multiple sections are set on dry sand of tailings reservoir, and each section sets 2 dry beach Level monitoring points, and the first monitoring point is set
At the Gan Tan beaches top close to dam body, the second monitoring point is then arranged on from dam body to reservoir water level direction certain distance position.
Vertical rod is buried in the monitoring point of setting, installs level meter, the elevation and relative distance of the good level meter of measured in advance, by measuring thing position
The height away from beach face is counted to calculate dry beach elevation, obtains the dry beach gradient, calculates the information such as dry beach length in conjunction with water surface elevation, such as
Shown in Fig. 1.The advantages of this method be it is simple to operate, shortcoming be when dry beach length is longer, if the dry beach elevation measuring point of arrangement compared with
It is few, survey and do the beach gradient and can not reflect truth at all, error is larger；If arrangement elevation measuring point it is more, improve the gradient with
Linear measure longimetry precision, but it is costly.In addition, this method also can not accurately calculate beach crest level, minimum safe superelevation and
Minimum dry beach length value.With the accumulation on dry beach, the thing position bar at the top of dry beach needs to reinstall, and the gradient needs to remeasure.
2. laser angular measurement telemetry
Angle and distance measuring method is measured, and dry beach monitoring, principle such as Fig. 2 institutes are carried out using laser range finder combination angel measuring instrument
Show, on beach top, correct position installs a laser angular measurement rangefinder, and dry beach is measured to obtain by remote control equipment
The angle of the top, the length of side in triangle shown in figure, all factors of the triangle can be obtained by simple mathematical computations,
The dry beach gradient, length are tried to achieve using mathematical computations；
The shortcomings that the method：When dry beach is longer, without reflector, it is difficult to capture diffusing for laser bright line.Have anti-
The liquid CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND that can be constantly discharged during tabula rasa is flooded
3. optical image recognition method
Such as Fig. 3, the method for the solid geometry measurement of optical imagery automatic identification waterline is application image identification technology by tail
Beach image binaryzation is done in ore deposit storehouse, so that dry beach image becomes simple, and data volume reduces, and can highlight tailing dam body
And the profile on dry beach, then the dry beach image after binaryzation is handled and analyzed, is calculated and analyzed using pixel detection technology
Dry beach height, but Gan Tan surfaces need to set more live marker post to aid in division water and dry beach interface, these bars with
The CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND that time can be discharged gradually is flooded, and the more difficult identification plant inverted image of this method and irregular waterline.
4. close shot stereopho-tric technique
Which catches dry beach image by video terminal, using close shot stereophotogrammetric survey principle, according to characteristics of image
Extraction and the result of Image Matching, carry out target point measurement and positioning etc., with reference to other basic numbers such as water level on stereopsis
The data such as beach length, beach crest level, dry the beach gradient, measuring point elevation are done according to resolving.In order to accurately resolve the orientation parameter of image,
Need to be at the dam crest of Tailings Dam, Gan Tan, primary water, mountain top Deng Ce areas peripheral position according to three-dimensional, uniformly laying principle placement control
System mark；
This method needs the other specification auxiliary such as water level combined, and more mark has been laid on the mountain on Tailings Dam periphery
Bar, construction cost is higher, and many Tailings Dams do not possess such execution conditions.
The anti-pushing manipulation of 5 seepage flow
The anti-dry beach length of pushing manipulation measurement of seepage flow, buries an osmometer, according to saturation feelings at a certain distance on dry beach
Condition is counter to push away dry beach length, but this kind of method is to measure indirectly, and poor in timeliness, water, which is seeped into dry beach, a time difference problem.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the problems, such as that existing method is present in background technology, the present invention proposes a kind of dry beach length of TDR principles
Spend measurement sensor and its measuring method.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
First, a kind of length of dry sand of tailings reservoir measurement sensor of TDR principles：
Described dry beach length measuring sensor includes TDR measuring instruments, two cored wires and sleeve pipe, and two cored wires are enclosed on water pipe and connect
For head alternately in the sleeve pipe of connection, and tiled from tailing dam along straight line to below the Tailings Dam water surface, TDR measuring instruments are arranged on mine tailing
On dam.
The present invention measures the impedance of two cored wires with TDR measuring instruments, and two cored wire impedances at water submerged can change, right
TDR data carry out analysis two cored wire length with reference to corresponding to TDR each sampling intervals of demarcation, identify the length of the cored wire of underwater two
Degree, the length that two cored wire overall lengths subtract underwater portion is distance of the water surface to tailing dam, and the last tailing dam known to is oblique
Rate can calculate dry beach length.
Two cored wires of the present invention, which are enclosed in the water pipe for wrapped up geotextiles, can shield influence of the rainwater to measurement result, soil
The hole of parcel, infilters or excludes water pipe for the water in Tailings Dam in work cloth.
Two described cored wires are two core twisted-pair feeders or two core parallel lines, preferably two core twisted-pair feeders.
Described water pipe use can bear the metallic water pipe or plastic water pipe of CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND pressure.
Described water pipe fixed intervals are provided with through hole, and the through hole and lower port of water pipe wrapped up filter mud using geotextiles
Sand, prevent Sediment Siltation.
Described sensor has measurement blind area, it is necessary to which the dry beach length of measurement is more than the length of itself blind area of the sensor
Degree could correct measurement., it is necessary to be stretched from tailing dam to the Tailings Dam water surface direction when described sensor is installed.
Further, after being buried by new CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND after the sensor laying described in one, continue to repave in new CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND
One sensor.
2nd, the dry beach length measurement method of a kind of TDR principles：
1) two cored wire total lengths are first measured before installing and are demarcated：
2) collection obtains the domatic gradient of tailing dam；
3) two cored wires are placed in Tailings Dam water to be measured, the TDR data collected is analyzed, find two cored wires
TDR data points where lower extreme point and the TDR data points before lower extreme point where minimum value, by the TDR data between this 2 points
Space-number be multiplied by by demarcate obtain two cored wire unit lengths be used as length of two cored wires in water, with two cored wire total lengths
The length in water is subtracted, obtains the water surface to the distance of tailing dam；
4) according to the domatic gradient of tailing dam, dry beach length is calculated.
Demarcation in the step 1) is specifically：A part for two cored wires is immersed in Tailings Dam water, record has entered water
Two cored wire length, two cored wires are measured with TDR measuring instruments, analysis is carried out to sampled data and is found corresponding to two most strong points of reflection
Data point, first maximum of points in sampled data in addition to blind area stretch into underwater bottom point as two cored wires, sample
Minimum point in data is as water surface site；The space-number of TDR sampled datas correspondingly enters the two cored wires length of water between this 2 points
Degree, two cored wires enter the length of water divided by the space-number of TDR sampled datas between this 2 points, the list as two cored wires in the type water
Bit length.
The two core twisted-pair feeder sensors of the present invention in the absence of water, have under aqua adhesion condition, situation about soaking completely
Under, TDR pulse signals are different in its internal transmission speed, in the case of having aqua to help two corresponding to each TDR sampling intervals
Cored wire length is uncertain, so subtracting the length in water with overall length to calculate dry beach length.
Inventive sensor can realize that the continuous dynamic of length of dry sand of tailings reservoir measures, and minimum rate respectively is TDR measuring instruments
Minimum resolution, be that accurate measurement can also be realized in the case where sensor is buried by CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND.
The features of the present invention and beneficial effect are：
Inventive sensor can realize that the continuous dynamic of length of dry sand of tailings reservoir measures, and be by CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND in sensor
Accurate measurement can also be realized in the case of burial.
The aqua adhered to when this dry beach length measurement method can overcome water level decreasing on two cored wires, and Changes in weather make
Adhere to influence of the dewdrop to measurement result on two cored wires.
Inventive sensor realizes the accurate measurement in the length of dry sand of tailings reservoir of the situation of only two signal wires；Phase
The constantly amendment gradient is needed for gradient predication method, this sensor only needs to measure a gradient when installation, not later
Need to measure again；It is not affected by environment compared to laser measurement, video measuring, this measurement sensor and method, even in big
Can also accurately it be measured in the case of mist, heavy rain, heavy snow；Compared to the anti-pushing manipulation of seepage flow, inventive sensor is to measure in real time,
It is ageing good.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that beach length principle figure is done in the measurement of gradient predication method in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is that beach length principle figure is done in the measurement of laser angular measurement telemetry in the prior art.
Fig. 3 is that beach length principle figure is done in the measurement of optical imagery method in the prior art.
Fig. 4 is the mounting structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation that subaqueous survey is stretched into lower end of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is measurement result figure of the TDR measuring instruments of embodiment under the length of different dry beach.
In figure：1 is TDR measuring instruments, and 2 be two cored wires, and 3 be sleeve pipe, and 4 be water, and 5 be tailing dam, and 31 be water pipe, and 32 be water
Pipe joint, 33 be through hole, and 34 be geotextiles.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and examples, the invention will be further described.
Sensor of the invention includes TDR measuring instruments 1, two cored wires 2 and sleeve pipe 3, and two cored wires 2 are enclosed on water pipe 31 and water pipe connects
First 32 are alternately provided with the through hole 33 passed in and out for water 4 in the sleeve pipe 3 of connection, at the water pipe 31 of sleeve pipe 3 or water pipe head 32,
And tiled from tailing dam 5 along straight line to below the Tailings Dam water surface, TDR measuring instruments 1 are arranged on tailing dam.
In specific implementation, two cored wires 2 are two core twisted-pair feeders or two core parallel lines, and the use of water pipe 31 can bear CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND
The metallic water pipe or plastic water pipe of pressure, water pipe, which needs certain hardness, can bear the compressing of CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND.
Specific implementation middle sleeve 3 is connected using water pipe 31 with the indefinite length of water pipe head 32, is preferably fixed in water pipe 31
Through hole 33 is interval with, water pipe can constantly be extended by water pipe head 32, and the through hole 33 and lower port of water pipe use geotextiles
34 parcel filtering silts, prevent Sediment Siltation.
In specific implementation, after being buried after the laying of sensor described in one by new CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND, can in new CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND after
It is continuous to repave a sensor.
The specific embodiment and its course of work of the present invention is as follows：
1) first measure the total length of two cored wire 2 before installing and demarcated：A part for two cored wires is immersed in Tailings Dam water,
Record has entered two cored wire length of water, measures two cored wires with TDR measuring instruments 1, analysis is carried out to sampled data and finds two reflections
Data point corresponding to most strong point, first maximum of points in sampled data in addition to blind area stretch under water as two cored wires 2
Bottom point, the minimum point in sampled data is as water surface site；The space-number of TDR sampled datas is corresponding between this 2 points
Enter two cored wire length of water, two cored wires 2 enter the length of water 4 divided by the space-number of TDR sampled datas between this 2 points, are used as this
The unit length of two cored wires in type water.
2) the domatic gradient of tailing dam is obtained using total powerstation collection；
3) two cored wires 2 are placed in Tailings Dam water to be measured, the TDR data collected is analyzed, find two cored wires
Lower extreme point where TDR data points and the TDR data points before lower extreme point where minimum value, by the TDR numbers between this 2 points
According to space-number be multiplied by by demarcate obtain the unit length of two cored wire 2 be used as length of two cored wires in water 4, with two cored wires
Total length subtracts the length in water, obtains the water surface to the distance of tailing dam；
4) according to the domatic gradient of tailing dam, dry beach length is calculated.
Illustrate by taking the installation measurement of certain length of dry sand of tailings reservoir measurement sensor as an example, the Tailings Dam normally does beach length
Variable quantity is between 100~150 meters, so two core twisted-pair feeders of 157 meters 1 square of selection are used as sensor, with such molded line
The measurement blind area for making sensor is about 20 meters.Two core twisted-pair feeders, 60 meters of bubbles are measured in Tailings Dam before installation, as a result such as Fig. 6
In it is shown, 60 meters in figure represent into 60 meter of two cored wire of water, and the corresponding first TDR sample magnitude of the end points of two cored wires be most in figure
The big point sampling numerical value of point the 228th is 255, and the minimum point of TDR sampled datas is that the 128th point value is 2 before end points, 2 points
It is spaced at 100 points, two cored wire length in each corresponding storehouse water in interval are 60 meters/100=0.6 rice.
During installation, the PP-R pipes of water pipe selection, every meter is made a call to a through hole, and through hole is wrapped up with geotextiles, puts two core multiple twins
After line, PP-R pipes one by one are connected with joint and are routed to below the Tailings Dam water surface.Because the Tailings Dam gradient is less than 1 degree,
So the Tailings Dam inclined-plane value for being approximately considered measurement is dry beach length.
Measurement result after installation as shown in Fig. 6,50 meters in figure represent two cored wires it is actual enter 50 meters of water,
Corresponding reality does 107 meters of beach length, and measurement result is in figure, and water surface site corresponds to the point value of TDR sampled points the 137th as 2, two
Corresponding 221st point value of cored wire end points is 255, and it is (221-137) * 0.60=50.4 rice that two cored wires, which enter water measurement of length value,
Dry beach measurement of length value is 157-50.4=106.6 rice, 0.4 meter of error.Similarly, when two cored wires enter 40 meters of water, actual dry beach
During 117 meters of length, the dry beach length that measures for 157 meters-* 0.6 meter=116.8 meters of (214-147), 0.2 meter of error；Two cored wires enter
During 30 meters of water, during 127 meters of actual dry beach length, the dry beach length that measures for 157 meters-* 0.6 meter=126.4 meters of (209-158),
0.6 meter of error；When two cored wires enter 20 meters of water, during 137 meters of actual dry beach length, the dry beach length measured is 157 meters-(201-
168) * 0.6 meter=137.2 meters, 0.2 meter of error；When two cored wires enter 10 meters of water, during 147 meters of actual dry beach length, the dry beach that measures
Length be 157 meters-* 0.6 meter=147.4 meters of (195-179), 0.4 meter of error.
Thus, 0.6 meter of worst error/157 meters=0.38% that embodiment obtains, it is seen that inventive sensor is to pass
Sensor can also realize that the continuous dynamic of length of dry sand of tailings reservoir measures in the case of being buried by CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND, overcome attached on two cored wires
Influence of the dampening to measurement, there is ageing notable technique effect good, accuracy is good.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of dry beach length measurement method of TDR principles, method uses dry beach length measuring sensor in implementing, and described is dry
Beach length measuring sensor includes TDR measuring instruments (1), two cored wires (2) and sleeve pipe (3), and two cored wires (2) are enclosed on water pipe (31) and connect
Head (32) is alternately in the sleeve pipe (3) of connection, and tiled from tailing dam (5) along straight line to below the Tailings Dam water surface, TDR measuring instruments
(1) it is arranged on tailing dam；Characterized in that, method implementation process is as follows：
1) first measure two cored wires (2) total length before installing and demarcated：
2) collection obtains the domatic gradient of tailing dam；
3) two cored wires (2) are placed in Tailings Dam water to be measured, the TDR data collected is analyzed, find two cored wires
TDR data points where lower extreme point and the TDR data points before lower extreme point where minimum value, by the TDR data between this 2 points
Space-number be multiplied by by demarcate obtain two cored wires (2) unit length be used as length of two cored wires in water, it is total with two cored wires
Length subtracts the length in water, obtains the water surface to the distance of tailing dam；
4) according to the domatic gradient of tailing dam, dry beach length is calculated.
A kind of 2. dry beach length measurement method of TDR principles according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Demarcation in the step 1) is specifically：A part for two cored wires is immersed in Tailings Dam water, record has entered two cores of water
Line length, two cored wires are measured with TDR measuring instruments (1), analysis is carried out to sampled data and is found corresponding to two most strong points of reflection
Data point, first maximum of points in sampled data in addition to blind area stretch into underwater bottom point as two cored wires (2), adopted
Minimum point in sample data is as water surface site；The space-number of TDR sampled datas correspondingly enters two cored wires of water between this 2 points
Length, two cored wires (2) enter the length of water divided by the space-number of TDR sampled datas between this 2 points, as two cores in the type water
The unit length of line.
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| CN109520405A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-03-26 | 四川大学 | A kind of sensor measuring ice layer thickness |
| CN109163656A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-08 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | A kind of device and method of determining karst pipeline sediment siltation depth |
| CN111060918B (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-10-26 | 中国有色金属长沙勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Dry beach monitoring method based on photogrammetry and laser ranging |
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