CN105829058B - 过滤器装置 - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/27—Cleaning; Purging; Avoiding contamination
- B29C48/2725—Cleaning; Purging; Avoiding contamination of filters
- B29C48/2735—Cleaning; Purging; Avoiding contamination of filters using scrapers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
- B01D29/64—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes, nozzles, or the like, acting on the cake side of the filtering element
- B01D29/6469—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes, nozzles, or the like, acting on the cake side of the filtering element scrapers
- B01D29/6484—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes, nozzles, or the like, acting on the cake side of the filtering element scrapers with a translatory movement with respect to the filtering element
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
- B01D29/64—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes, nozzles, or the like, acting on the cake side of the filtering element
- B01D29/6469—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes, nozzles, or the like, acting on the cake side of the filtering element scrapers
- B01D29/6476—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes, nozzles, or the like, acting on the cake side of the filtering element scrapers with a rotary movement with respect to the filtering element
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种带有过滤器滤网(1)的用于熔融聚合物的过滤器装置,要清洁的熔融聚合物穿过该过滤器滤网,其中,过滤器装置具有至少一个刮擦部件(2),该刮擦部件利用刮擦边(3)沿着过滤器滤网(1)的入流侧的表面(4)引导,或者以其靠近刮擦边(3)的端部区域贴靠在表面(4)上,并在其沿着表面(4)移动的过程中把附着在表面(4)上的以及位于滤网孔眼(5)之前的污物(6)剔除和/或刮掉。根据本发明规定,刮擦边(3)至少在其沿移动方向(16)靠前的端部区域中具有倒圆部(7),该倒圆部的半径(R)小于滤网孔眼(5)的最大直径或最大张开宽度的90%,优选小于其50%,特别是小于其20%。
Description
本发明涉及一种根据权利要求1的前序部分的过滤器装置。
来自积聚的二次原料的塑料熔融物具有增加的杂质成分(木头、纸张、铝、外来塑料、橡胶、弹性体等)。为了产生再生料的相应质量,必须尽可能把这种杂质成分从熔融物中去除。为此采用各种不同的方法或过滤器,比如活塞式过滤器、盘式过滤器、连续式过滤器或非连续式过滤器。尤其是采用一种过滤器系统,其刮擦器部件沿着金属的过滤器滤网移动,该过滤器滤网通常具有平整的表面,而且有滤网孔眼,这些滤网孔眼的直径在数微米至数毫米的范围内波动。刮擦器部件的任务是,剔除残留的污物并输送给排出装置。除了这种基本功能外,过滤器滤网的使用寿命和过滤器滤网的可再用性也有特别的经济意义。这种过滤器系统应使用若干天、若干星期,可能的话,使用若干月,其中,要通过的流量有100吨,乃至数千吨。在这种情况下,这种过滤器系统要从熔融物中排出一定百分比的污物。
为此,滑动双方即过滤器滤网和刮擦器部件意义重大。另外重要的是,污物被刮擦器部件剔除,而不会在过滤器滤网前堆积,或者甚至堵住滤网孔眼。为此,对刮擦器部件的特殊设计意义重大。
另外也要注意刮擦器部件的厚度、其仰角、其顶角、刮擦边的半径、刮擦器部件与过滤器滤网的接触面。这些参数协同作用,且对于过滤器装置的长期工作意义重大。
本发明的目的是,提出一种过滤器装置,其寿命长、构造简单,而且特别是能有效地把污物从过滤器滤网的表面去除和排出。
所述目的通过开篇所述类型的具有在权利要求1的特征部分中给出的特征的过滤器装置得以实现。根据本发明,因而规定,刮擦边至少在其沿移动方向靠前的端部区域中具有倒圆部,该倒圆部的半径小于滤网孔眼的最大直径或最大张开宽度的90%,优选小于其50%,特别是小于其20%。
已表明,对刮擦边的倒圆部的这种特殊设计明显有助于延长寿命和有效地去除污物。根据本发明,保证刮擦器部件利用其刮擦边有效地从滤网孔眼剔除污物,因为刮擦边的半径小于滤网孔眼的尺寸,所述滤网孔眼例如可以具有100-200微米的直径。如果所述半径太大,污物就会在刮擦器部件前面堆积,进而堵住滤网开口,造成滤网孔眼堵塞,这会导致过滤器装置失效,或者导致污物被挤压穿过,因而再生料出现增大的脏污率,造成最终产品的质量低下。
刮擦器部件的具有这种倒圆部的部段的半径或端部区域应在使用期间在很大程度上保持不变。其前提条件是,除了摩擦双方即过滤器滤网和刮擦器部件之外,还有一些磨蚀性物质,比如金属、纸张、沙子、填充剂等作为摩擦方,它们会影响对污物的剔除或者造成刮擦器部件磨损。如果刮擦边的半径太大,污物就会在刮擦边前面堆积。这尤其在污物尺寸与滤网孔眼大小相当时很严重。在这种情况下,任何污物都会多次地被压入滤网孔眼,然后又被拉出,结果造成过滤器滤网和刮擦器部件磨损增大,进而缩短其使用寿命。如果刮擦器太厚,它就没有相应的顶角,或者相对于过滤器滤网过于陡峭,这会造成刮擦边并非所愿地快速变圆,如果不进行事后削尖的话,就会使得过滤器装置失效。
有利的是,在刮擦器部件的端部区域的靠近滤网的面上,有个接触面与倒圆部连接,该接触面的垂直于刮擦边纵向距离的延伸距离等于滤网孔眼的最大直径或最大张开宽度的5-100倍,优选10-50倍。该接触面的平行于刮擦器部件的移动方向的延伸距离或其尺寸不应太长,也不能太短,从而刮擦边的倒圆部由于在工作中因熔融聚合物或其污物造成的材料磨蚀而通过事后削尖来保持不变。
此外有利的是,刮擦器部件为板状结构,特别是带有平行的、优选平面的大的面,即背面和正面,并以5-60°、优选10-45°、特别是20-35°的仰角相对于过滤器滤网的表面倾斜地布置。如果刮擦器部件相对于过滤器滤网的表面过于陡峭,倒圆部的半径就会因材料磨蚀而变大,或者造成接触面变小,刮擦器部件会卡在过滤器滤网的表面上,造成过滤器滤网损毁。
因此,接触面的在移动方向上的长度或尺寸和/或仰角意义重大,以便尽可能减少污物穿过过滤器滤网。如果这两个参数没有按照所要求的方式协调一致,就会在滤网孔眼上施加并非所愿的压力,致使污物堵住滤网孔眼。
在刮擦器部件的靠近滤网的端部处的顶角也很重要。根据本发明规定,刮擦器部件在其靠近滤网的端部区域具有一个变窄的部段,这个部段终止于刮擦边且带有倒圆部,其中,在界定该部段的、靠近滤网的背面和远离滤网的正面之间的顶角为1-60°、优选5-30°、特别是10-25°。
对这些参数的调节也很重要,以便防止在某些种类的污物比如铝膜情况下刮擦器部件发生浮起或抬离。沙子污物也会导致浮起,于是,刮擦器部件就无法再完成其任务。
为了有效地排出从过滤器表面剔除的或除掉的污物,有利的是,刮擦器部件的远离滤网的正面从刮擦边起,无弯折地朝向刮擦器部件的远离滤网的端部伸展。变窄的部段无弯折地过渡至刮擦器部件的远离滤网的壁面,这具有的优点是,剔除的污物不必越过边缘,已表明,在污物转向和排出时,该边缘特别是因涡旋而成为一种干扰因素。
刮擦器部件的一种简单的构造方案规定,板状刮擦器部件的厚度为0.5-30mm,优选为1-15mm,特别是2-8mm,和/或,刮擦器部件的长度为刮擦器部件的厚度的5-50倍、优选8-30倍。刮擦器部件有利地为板状构造,其带有伸长的优选矩形的横截面,在其短侧边上连接着或者构造有变窄的部段,该部段最终形成了一个顶角,该顶角伸展至带有其倒圆部的刮擦边。
利用本发明的过滤器装置防止了污物始终还是沿着过滤器滤网的表面蔓延,致使污物扩散,乃至其足够小,以至于穿过滤网孔眼。由于在刮擦边上设置了倒圆部,污物有效地朝向刮擦器部件被向上输送,并在预定的位置被排出。
所规定的顶角实现了,在刮擦边因磨蚀性物质而磨蚀时,变窄的部段的端部区域随着相距过滤器滤网表面的距离增加而仅仅缓慢地增大其厚度,尽管有因磨蚀性物质引起的机械磨蚀,刮擦边的倒圆部半径在很大程度上保持不变,倒圆部的在移动方向上的延伸距离及其圆弧长度只是缓慢地减小。出于这个原因,同样有利的是,板状刮擦器部件的厚度保持得较小,且仅仅由所需要的机械强度来决定,因为变窄的部段于是能简单地构造。
为了使得刮擦器部件匹配于过滤器滤网的表面,刮擦器部件的厚度也很重要。厚的刮擦器部件不能直截了当地匹配于波形的过滤器滤网;相对薄的刮擦器部件也可以适配于波形滤网。另外,薄的刮擦器部件也能在其横轴方向上围绕刮擦边发生扭曲。
在实践中可以直接实现的是,接触面的宽度为1-5mm,通常为2-3mm。但重要的是刮擦边上的倒圆部的设计,接触面要么可以在制造刮擦器部件时就已经在一定程度上形成,要么也可以在工作中通过相应的磨蚀而产生。
下面参照附图详述本发明。
图1为本发明的装置的示意性的剖视图;
图2和3为刮擦器部件的靠近过滤器滤网的端部的详图;
图4为刮擦器部件的立体图;
图5示出安装在承载体上的刮擦器部件,这些刮擦器部件可以安装在用来回收聚合物的装置中。
图1以示意性的剖视图示出本发明的过滤器装置的一个简单的实施方式。刮擦器部件2借助于刮擦边3贴靠在过滤器滤网1的表面4上,在工作中在箭头16的方向上沿着该表面4滑动,并在这种情况下利用刮擦边3把位于表面4上的或者将过滤器滤网1的滤网孔眼5堵住的污物6剔除。这些污物在这种情况下沿着箭头17移动,并输送给未示出的排出机构。
过滤器滤网1大多由金属制成。刮擦器部件2利用未示出的承载体定位。
刮擦器部件2为板状,特别是构造成矩形横截面的板的形式,且具有靠近滤网的背面8和远离滤网的正面9。这两个面8、9形成一个部段14,该部段位于刮擦器部件2的靠近滤网的端部区域中,该部段朝向过滤器滤网1变窄并形成顶角S。在其靠近滤网的端部区域中,变窄的部段14具有伸展至刮擦边3的顶角S,该顶角为1-60°、优选5-30°、特别是10-25°。在靠近滤网的端部区域构造了倒圆部7。
如图1右侧所示,刮擦器部件2的背面8无弯折地伸展。但为了排出污物6,优选使得刮擦器部件2的远离滤网的正面9从倒圆部7无弯折地伸展至刮擦器部件2的远离滤网的端部。
图2中所示为刮擦边3的详图。刮擦边3在其沿移动方向16靠前的端部区域中具有倒圆部7,该倒圆部的半径R小于滤网孔眼5的最大直径或最大张开宽度的90%,优选小于其50%,特别是小于其20%。倒圆部7可以沿着整个尖端伸展,即从正面9延伸至背面8,且能实现有效地从过滤器滤网1的表面4剔除污物6,甚至从滤网孔眼5中抽出污物。
也可行的是-如图3中所示-,部段14的靠近滤网的端部经过适当设计,从而在部段14的该端部区域的靠近滤网的面8上,有个接触面10与倒圆部7连接,该接触面的垂直于刮擦边3的纵向距离L的延伸距离等于滤网孔眼5的最大直径或最大张开宽度的5-100倍,优选10-50倍。与倒圆部7连接的这个接触面10平行于过滤器滤网1的表面4伸展,并改善了对污物6的剔除,或者基于其面积来防止顶角S发生过大变化,或者防止倒圆部7在工作中磨损,从而提高刮擦器部件2的寿命。该接触面10可以在工作中形成,或者在刮擦器部件2开始工作之前就已经形成。
如由图1可见,刮擦器部件2以仰角A相对于过滤器滤网1的表面4倾斜地布置。该刮擦器部件2为板状,特别是构造有平行的、优选平面的大的面即背面8和正面9,并以5-60°、优选10-45°、特别是20-35°的仰角A相对于过滤器滤网1的表面4倾斜地布置。仰角A系指在刮擦器部件2的无弯折地伸展的大的面与过滤器滤网1的表面4之间的角度。如果刮擦器部件2的部段14适当地设计,使得两个大的面8、9以一弯角过渡至部段14,则测得在刮擦器部件2的正面9与过滤器滤网1的表面4之间的仰角A。
图4所示为本发明的刮擦器部件2的立体图。可以看到正面9,其过渡至部段14和刮擦边3的倒圆部7。过渡至背面8的接触面10与倒圆部7连接。
板状的刮擦器部件2的厚度D为0.5-30mm,优选为1-15mm,特别是2-8mm。刮擦器部件2的长度为刮擦器部件2的厚度D的5-50倍、优选8-30倍。对于这种刮擦器部件2而言,实际上可以采用简单的方式来构造相应的变窄部或部段14,该部段具有所希望的顶角S和足够的机械强度。
图5示出本发明的过滤器装置的一个实施例,其中,仅仅标出了过滤器滤网1的位置。在这种情况下,过滤器滤网1固定,而刮擦器部件2利用其刮擦边3在承载体15上相对于固定的过滤器7可旋转,承载体15固定在可旋转的轴18上。在工作中,熔融聚合物经由在承载体15上开设的沟道被引导至过滤器滤网1的入流侧的表面4,并被挤压穿过该过滤器滤网而排出,其中,通过刮擦器部件2的旋转运动,污物6被从过滤器滤网1剔除,且分开地排出。如结合图1已述,这些污物6沿着刮擦器部件2的正面9被排出,且被朝向在轴18上开设的槽16引导,经由这些槽16把污物6连同一定份额的熔融聚合物排出。
本发明的过滤器装置在功能上存在两种实施方式。在开始工作之前,带有倒圆部7的部段14可以具有或者没有接触面10。如果部段14没有接触面10,则该接触面10可以通过开始工作来形成。无论是在这种掘进过程中,还是在持续工作中增大接触面,都有助于有效地剔除污物。
在一种有利的实施方式中规定,倒圆部7从远离滤网过滤器的正面9至少延伸至部段14的最靠近滤网过滤器的那一点,在该点必要时连接着接触面10,或者,倒圆部7越过刮擦器部件2与表面4的接触点,或者越过在刮擦器部件3的移动方向16上最靠前的点,从正面9延伸至背面8。在图2中示出的、越过刮擦器部件3的尖端区域延伸的这个倒圆部7改善了对污物的剔除,或者延长了寿命。在面向该表面4的倒圆部7磨损时,可以-如图3中所示-在规定的位置形成接触面10。
Claims (13)
1.一种带有过滤器滤网(1)的用于熔融聚合物的过滤器装置,要清洁的熔融聚合物穿过该过滤器滤网,其中,过滤器装置具有至少一个刮擦器部件(2),该刮擦部件利用刮擦边(3)沿着过滤器滤网(1)的入流侧的表面(4)引导,或者以其靠近刮擦边(3)的端部区域贴靠在表面(4)上,并在其沿着表面(4)移动的过程中把附着在表面(4)上的以及位于滤网孔眼(5)之前的污物(6)剔除和/或刮掉,其特征在于,刮擦边(3)至少在其沿移动方向(16)靠前的端部区域中具有倒圆部(7),该倒圆部的半径(R)小于滤网孔眼(5)的最大直径或最大张开宽度的90%,其中在刮擦器部件(2)的端部区域的靠近滤网的面(8)上,有个接触面(10)与倒圆部(7)连接,该接触面的垂直于刮擦边(3)的纵向距离(L)的延伸距离等于滤网孔眼(5)的最大直径或最大张开宽度的5-100倍。
2.如权利要求1所述的过滤器装置,其特征在于,该倒圆部的半径(R)小于滤网孔眼(5)的最大直径或最大张开宽度的50%。
3.如权利要求2所述的过滤器装置,其特征在于,该倒圆部的半径(R)小于滤网孔眼(5)的最大直径或最大张开宽度的20%。
4.如权利要求1所述的过滤器装置,其特征在于,接触面的垂直于刮擦边(3)的纵向距离(L)的延伸距离等于滤网孔眼(5)的最大直径或最大张开宽度的10-50倍。
5.如权利要求1所述的过滤器装置,其特征在于,
- 刮擦器部件(2)为板状结构,带有平行的的大的面,即背面(8)和正面(9),并以5-60°的仰角(A)相对于过滤器滤网(1)的表面(4)倾斜地布置;
- 刮擦器部件(2)的远离滤网的正面(9)垂直于刮擦边(3)从刮擦边(3)的倒圆部起,无弯折地朝向刮擦器部件(2)的远离滤网的端部伸展。
6.如权利要求5所述的过滤器装置,其特征在于,刮擦器部件(2)带有平面的大的面。
7.如权利要求5所述的过滤器装置,其特征在于,刮擦器部件(2)以10-45°的仰角(A)相对于过滤器滤网(1)的表面(4)倾斜地布置。
8.如权利要求7所述的过滤器装置,其特征在于,刮擦器部件(2)以20-35°的仰角(A)相对于过滤器滤网(1)的表面(4)倾斜地布置。
9.如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的过滤器装置,其特征在于,刮擦器部件(2)在其靠近滤网的端部区域具有一个变窄的部段(14),这个部段终止于刮擦边(3)且带有倒圆部(7),其中,在界定该部段(14)的、靠近滤网的背面(8)和远离滤网的正面(9)之间的顶角(S)为1-60°。
10.如权利要求9所述的过滤器装置,其特征在于,在界定该部段(14)的、靠近滤网的背面(8)和远离滤网的正面(9)之间的顶角(S)为5-30°。
11.如权利要求10所述的过滤器装置,其特征在于,在界定该部段(14)的、靠近滤网的背面(8)和远离滤网的正面(9)之间的顶角(S)为10-25°。
12.如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的过滤器装置,其特征在于,倒圆部(7)从远离滤网过滤器的正面(9)至少延伸至部段(14)的最靠近滤网过滤器的那一点,在该点连接着接触面(10),或者,倒圆部(7)越过刮擦器部件(2)与表面(4)的接触点,或者越过在刮擦器部件(2)的移动方向(16)上最靠前的点,从正面(9)延伸至背面(8)。
13.如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的过滤器装置,其特征在于,刮擦器部件(2)在开始工作之后或者在因使用而磨损的状态下具有根据权利要求5的接触面(10)。
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JP2016531766A (ja) | 2016-10-13 |
US20160288026A1 (en) | 2016-10-06 |
HUE051035T2 (hu) | 2021-01-28 |
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MX2016004323A (es) | 2016-07-08 |
EP3052295A1 (de) | 2016-08-10 |
AT514439A4 (de) | 2015-01-15 |
RU2016117013A3 (zh) | 2018-05-18 |
US10173152B2 (en) | 2019-01-08 |
RU2016117013A (ru) | 2017-11-10 |
ES2827676T3 (es) | 2021-05-24 |
AU2014331513A1 (en) | 2016-05-12 |
ZA201602216B (en) | 2017-06-28 |
PT3052295T (pt) | 2020-10-26 |
TW201515685A (zh) | 2015-05-01 |
SI3052295T1 (sl) | 2020-11-30 |
CN105829058A (zh) | 2016-08-03 |
WO2015048831A1 (de) | 2015-04-09 |
TWI679056B (zh) | 2019-12-11 |
RU2675893C2 (ru) | 2018-12-25 |
EP3052295B1 (de) | 2020-08-05 |
AT514439B1 (de) | 2015-01-15 |
KR20160068846A (ko) | 2016-06-15 |
BR112016007310A2 (pt) | 2017-08-01 |
CA2926245A1 (en) | 2015-04-09 |
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