CN105825944A - 一种耐老化阻燃电力电缆 - Google Patents
一种耐老化阻燃电力电缆 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105825944A CN105825944A CN201610137303.7A CN201610137303A CN105825944A CN 105825944 A CN105825944 A CN 105825944A CN 201610137303 A CN201610137303 A CN 201610137303A CN 105825944 A CN105825944 A CN 105825944A
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- power cable
- natural rubber
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Classifications
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- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
- H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/07—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof
- D06M11/11—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof with halogen acids or salts thereof
- D06M11/17—Halides of elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种耐老化阻燃电力电缆,包括导体,导体分别由多根导线相互绞合成束后并于外侧依次包裹绕包层和绝缘层组成,在N个导体之间的空隙中设有阻燃填充材料构成缆芯,在缆芯外侧依次包裹有铝塑复合带隔离层和防火护套层;防火护套层采用改性天然橡胶复合材料制备而成,改性天然橡胶复合材料的原料包括:天然橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶、乙烯‑丁烯弹性体、聚丙烯腈纤维、硬脂酸、氧化锌、过氧化二异丙苯、硫磺、活性硅酸钙、煅烧凹凸棒土、改性蒙脱土、氧化石墨烯、可膨胀石墨、聚磷酸铵、二乙基次膦酸铝、促进剂、防老剂、磷酸三苯酯、六对醛基苯氧基环三磷腈、季戊四醇、全氟辛胺、十八烷基胺、双(二异丙基)硫化磷酰二硫化物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电缆技术领域,尤其涉及一种耐老化阻燃电力电缆。
背景技术
电力电缆是用于传输和分配电能的电缆,常用于城市地下电网、发电站的引出线路、工矿企业的内部供电及过江、过海的水下输电线。随着经济的发展,需要使用电力电缆的场所变得多样化,对电力电缆的性能指标有了更加严格和多样的要求,比如拉伸强度、使用温度、耐老化性、阻燃性能等指标均有严格的要求,不断的提高电力电缆的综合性能,是经济和社会发展的迫切需求。现有的电力电缆多存在阻燃性差、力学性能低、耐老化性能欠佳、使用寿命短等问题,给实际使用带来很多不便,甚至威胁到人们的生命财产安全,因此,需要改进以适应电力电缆市场多样的需求。
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的技术问题,本发明提出了一种耐老化阻燃电力电缆,其强度高,耐候性和耐老化性好,阻燃性能优异,使用寿命长。
本发明提出的一种耐老化阻燃电力电缆,包括N个导体,N≥3,所述导体分别由多根导线相互绞合成束后并于外侧依次包裹绕包层和绝缘层组成,在N个导体之间的空隙中设有阻燃填充材料构成缆芯,在所述缆芯外侧依次包裹有铝塑复合带隔离层和防火护套层;其中,所述防火护套层采用改性天然橡胶复合材料制备而成,所述改性天然橡胶复合材料的原料按重量份包括:天然橡胶100份、三元乙丙橡胶20-35份、乙烯-丁烯弹性体5-15份、聚丙烯腈纤维10-25份、硬脂酸1.2-2份、氧化锌1-2份、过氧化二异丙苯0.5-1.5份、硫磺0.2-1份、活性硅酸钙2-10份、煅烧凹凸棒土3-12份、改性蒙脱土5-15份、氧化石墨烯3-12份、可膨胀石墨2-10份、聚磷酸铵1-10份、二乙基次膦酸铝2-10份、促进剂0.5-2份、防老剂0.2-1份、磷酸三苯酯2-5份、六对醛基苯氧基环三磷腈2-8份、季戊四醇2-8份、全氟辛胺2-3.5份、十八烷基胺2-4份、双(二异丙基)硫化磷酰二硫化物2-5份。
优选地,所述改性天然橡胶复合材料的原料中,天然橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶、乙烯-丁烯弹性体的重量比为100:25-32:7-13。
优选地,所述改性天然橡胶复合材料的原料按重量份包括:天然橡胶100份、三元乙丙橡胶28-31份、乙烯-丁烯弹性体9-12份、聚丙烯腈纤维16-21份、硬脂酸1.5-1.8份、氧化锌1.3-1.7份、过氧化二异丙苯0.8-1.2份、硫磺0.5-0.8份、活性硅酸钙5.5-7份、煅烧凹凸棒土6-8份、改性蒙脱土7-11份、氧化石墨烯6.5-7.2份、可膨胀石墨5.5-6.3份、聚磷酸铵3.2-4份、二乙基次膦酸铝5-6.2份、促进剂1-1.6份、防老剂0.5-0.8份、磷酸三苯酯3.2-4份、六对醛基苯氧基环三磷腈5.2-6份、季戊四醇3.4-4份、全氟辛胺2.8-3.1份、十八烷基胺2.9-3.2份、双(二异丙基)硫化磷酰二硫化物2.8-3.4份。
优选地,所述改性天然橡胶复合材料的原料按重量份包括:天然橡胶100份、三元乙丙橡胶30份、乙烯-丁烯弹性体10份、聚丙烯腈纤维20份、硬脂酸1.6份、氧化锌1.4份、过氧化二异丙苯1份、硫磺0.65份、活性硅酸钙6.2份、煅烧凹凸棒土7.3份、改性蒙脱土10份、氧化石墨烯7份、可膨胀石墨6份、聚磷酸铵3.5份、二乙基次膦酸铝5.7份、促进剂1.2份、防老剂0.65份、磷酸三苯酯3.5份、六对醛基苯氧基环三磷腈5.5份、季戊四醇3.7份、全氟辛胺3份、十八烷基胺3份、双(二异丙基)硫化磷酰二硫化物3.2份。
优选地,所述聚丙烯腈纤维为改性聚丙烯腈纤维;所述改性聚丙烯腈纤维按照以下工艺进行制备:按重量份将2-3份聚丙烯腈纤维、2-5份盐酸羟胺加入40-80份甲醇中使之溶胀,调节体系的pH值至9-10后,在60-68℃下搅拌反应2-8h,反应结束后经过滤、抽提、干燥得到羟胺改性聚丙烯腈;按重量份将20-35份羟胺改性聚丙烯腈与30-50份浓度为2-4mmol/L的氯化铈溶液混合均匀,在室温下振荡5-10h后过滤,经洗涤、干燥得到改性聚丙烯腈纤维。
优选地,所述聚丙烯腈纤维为改性聚丙烯腈纤维;所述改性聚丙烯腈纤维按照以下工艺进行制备:按重量份将2.6份聚丙烯腈纤维、4份盐酸羟胺加入60份甲醇中使之溶胀,调节体系的pH值至9.3后,在65℃下搅拌反应6h,反应结束后经过滤、抽提、干燥得到羟胺改性聚丙烯腈;按重量份将30份羟胺改性聚丙烯腈与45份浓度为3.5mmol/L的氯化铈溶液混合均匀,在室温下振荡8h后过滤,经洗涤、干燥得到改性聚丙烯腈纤维;在改性聚丙烯腈纤维的制备过程中,首先采用了聚丙烯腈纤维与盐酸羟胺为原料,通过控制反应的条件,使聚丙烯腈纤维中的-CN转化成了偕胺肟基,与氯化铈混合后,偕胺肟基与铈离子形成了配位作用,从而将铈离子负载在了改性聚丙烯纤维中,将其加入体系中作为增强纤维,在橡胶混炼的过程中可嵌入橡胶基体中,从而使铈离子均匀分散在了体系中,与防老剂、煅烧凹凸棒土、改性蒙脱土、氧化石墨烯配合后显著提高了复合材料的耐热性和耐老化性。
优选地,所述煅烧凹凸棒土的煅烧温度为500-700℃。
优选地,所述改性蒙脱土按照以下工艺进行制备:按重量份将20-50份十六烷基三甲基溴化铵改性的蒙脱土加入水中,搅拌均匀后加入20-45份硅酸钠,利用硝酸溶液调节体系的pH值为7-8,搅拌反应5-10h,反应结束后经过滤、洗涤、干燥得到所述改性蒙脱土;在蒙脱土改性的过程中,以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵改性的蒙脱土和硅酸钠为原料,通过控制反应的条件,在保持蒙脱土结构的同时,生成了二氧化硅,且生成的二氧化硅插入到了蒙脱土的片层间,负载在了蒙脱土的表面,提高了蒙脱土的层间距,使蒙脱土完全剥离,有更多的橡胶分子链进入到蒙脱土的片层间,改善了其在体系中的分散性,提高了蒙脱土和橡胶分子链之间的作用力,提高了其在体系中的补强作用。
优选地,所述促进剂为促进剂M、促进剂DM、促进剂TMTD中的一种或者多种的混合物。
优选地,所述防老剂为防老剂4020、防老剂MB、防老剂RD、防老剂AW中的一种或者多种的混合物。
本发明所述改性天然橡胶复合材料可以按照常规的橡胶复合材料制备工艺将各原料混合均匀后经混炼、硫化得到。
本发明改性天然橡胶复合材料中,以天然橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶配合作为主料,其中三元乙丙橡胶具有高度的化学稳定性,优异的电绝缘性和耐过热水性能,将其与天然橡胶并用可使二者在性能上互补,并添加了适量的乙烯-丁烯弹性体,改善了复合材料的加工性能,使得到的复合材料具有优异的韧性、耐油性、绝缘性、加工性和耐老化性,拓宽了复合材料的应用范围;以氧化锌、过氧化二异丙苯、硫磺和促进剂为硫化体系,同时添加了活性硅酸钙,其表面富含硅羟基,加入体系中与双(二异丙基)硫化磷酰二硫化物配合后能明显的促进前期硫化,与硫化体系配合实现了天然橡胶和三元乙丙橡胶的共硫化,改善了天然橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶两者的不饱和程度不同造成的硫化速率不匹配引起的硫化不相容性严重影响并用胶的性能的缺陷;聚丙烯腈纤维在体系中作为增强纤维,在橡胶混炼的过程中可嵌入橡胶基体中,与活性硅酸钙、煅烧凹凸棒土、改性蒙脱土、氧化石墨烯配合,在体系中形成了物理交联点,提高了复合材料的交联密度,改善复合材料的拉伸强度和压缩永久变形的同时提高了复合材料的韧性、耐老化性、耐水性和耐磨性;可膨胀石墨、聚磷酸铵、二乙基次膦酸铝、磷酸三苯酯、六对醛基苯氧基环三磷腈和季戊四醇加入体系中作为阻燃剂,提高了复合材料的阻燃性;十八烷基胺与全氟辛胺具有长链烷基,加入体系中,与双(二异丙基)硫化磷酰二硫化物具有协同作用,提高了无机填料在体系中的相容性,改善了各填料的表面性质,同时改善了复合材料的抗蠕变性能、压缩永久变形性、耐水性和拉伸强度以及扯断伸长率,且强度的降低较少。
对本发明所述改性天然橡胶复合材料进行性能检测,其拉伸强度为29-36.9MPa,断裂伸长率为465-503%,氧指数≥39;其经135℃×240h热空气老化后,拉伸强度保持率为97.3-98.6%,断裂伸长率保持率为96.2-97.8%;由以上数据可知,本发明所述改性天然橡胶复合材料其强度高,耐老化性好,阻燃性能优异,将其用作电缆的防火护套层后得到的电缆具有强度高,耐老化性好,阻燃性能优异的特点。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述耐老化阻燃电力电缆的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面,通过具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
实施例1
图1为本发明所述耐老化阻燃电力电缆的结构示意图,参照图1,本发明提出的一种耐老化阻燃电力电缆,包括N个导体1,N≥3,所述导体1分别由多根导线相互绞合成束后并于外侧依次包裹绕包层2和绝缘层3组成,在N个导体1之间的空隙中设有阻燃填充材料4构成缆芯,在所述缆芯外侧依次包裹有铝塑复合带隔离层5和防火护套层6;其中,所述防火护套层6采用改性天然橡胶复合材料制备而成,所述改性天然橡胶复合材料的原料按重量份包括:天然橡胶100份、三元乙丙橡胶35份、乙烯-丁烯弹性体5份、聚丙烯腈纤维25份、硬脂酸1.2份、氧化锌2份、过氧化二异丙苯0.5份、硫磺1份、活性硅酸钙2份、煅烧凹凸棒土12份、改性蒙脱土5份、氧化石墨烯12份、可膨胀石墨2份、聚磷酸铵10份、二乙基次膦酸铝2份、促进剂2份、防老剂0.2份、磷酸三苯酯5份、六对醛基苯氧基环三磷腈2份、季戊四醇8份、全氟辛胺2份、十八烷基胺4份、双(二异丙基)硫化磷酰二硫化物2份。
实施例2
参照图1,本发明提出的一种耐老化阻燃电力电缆,包括N个导体1,N≥3,所述导体1分别由多根导线相互绞合成束后并于外侧依次包裹绕包层2和绝缘层3组成,在N个导体1之间的空隙中设有阻燃填充材料4构成缆芯,在所述缆芯外侧依次包裹有铝塑复合带隔离层5和防火护套层6;其中,所述防火护套层6采用改性天然橡胶复合材料制备而成,所述改性天然橡胶复合材料的原料按重量份包括:天然橡胶100份、三元乙丙橡胶20份、乙烯-丁烯弹性体15份、聚丙烯腈纤维10份、硬脂酸2份、氧化锌1份、过氧化二异丙苯1.5份、硫磺0.2份、活性硅酸钙10份、煅烧凹凸棒土3份、改性蒙脱土15份、氧化石墨烯3份、可膨胀石墨10份、聚磷酸铵1份、二乙基次膦酸铝10份、促进剂TMTD 0.5份、防老剂4020 0.3份、防老剂MB 0.7份、磷酸三苯酯2份、六对醛基苯氧基环三磷腈8份、季戊四醇2份、全氟辛胺3.5份、十八烷基胺2份、双(二异丙基)硫化磷酰二硫化物5份。
实施例3
参照图1,本发明提出的一种耐老化阻燃电力电缆,包括N个导体1,N≥3,所述导体1分别由多根导线相互绞合成束后并于外侧依次包裹绕包层2和绝缘层3组成,在N个导体1之间的空隙中设有阻燃填充材料4构成缆芯,在所述缆芯外侧依次包裹有铝塑复合带隔离层5和防火护套层6;其中,所述防火护套层6采用改性天然橡胶复合材料制备而成,所述改性天然橡胶复合材料的原料按重量份包括:天然橡胶100份、三元乙丙橡胶28份、乙烯-丁烯弹性体12份、聚丙烯腈纤维16份、硬脂酸1.8份、氧化锌1.3份、过氧化二异丙苯1.2份、硫磺0.5份、活性硅酸钙7份、煅烧凹凸棒土6份、改性蒙脱土11份、氧化石墨烯6.5份、可膨胀石墨6.3份、聚磷酸铵3.2份、二乙基次膦酸铝6.2份、促进剂M 0.2份、促进剂DM 0.3份、促进剂TMTD 0.5份、防老剂MB 0.2份、防老剂RD 0.3份、防老剂AW 0.3份、磷酸三苯酯3.2份、六对醛基苯氧基环三磷腈6份、季戊四醇3.4份、全氟辛胺3.1份、十八烷基胺2.9份、双(二异丙基)硫化磷酰二硫化物3.4份;
其中,所述煅烧凹凸棒土的煅烧温度为500℃;
所述聚丙烯腈纤维为改性聚丙烯腈纤维;所述改性聚丙烯腈纤维按照以下工艺进行制备:按重量份将2份聚丙烯腈纤维、5份盐酸羟胺加入40份甲醇中使之溶胀,调节体系的pH值至10后,在60℃下搅拌反应8h,反应结束后经过滤、抽提、干燥得到羟胺改性聚丙烯腈;按重量份将20份羟胺改性聚丙烯腈与50份浓度为2mmol/L的氯化铈溶液混合均匀,在室温下振荡10h后过滤,经洗涤、干燥得到改性聚丙烯腈纤维;
所述改性蒙脱土按照以下工艺进行制备:按重量份将20份十六烷基三甲基溴化铵改性的蒙脱土加入水中,搅拌均匀后加入45份硅酸钠,利用硝酸溶液调节体系的pH值为7,搅拌反应10h,反应结束后经过滤、洗涤、干燥得到所述改性蒙脱土。
实施例4
参照图1,本发明提出的一种耐老化阻燃电力电缆,包括N个导体1,N≥3,所述导体1分别由多根导线相互绞合成束后并于外侧依次包裹绕包层2和绝缘层3组成,在N个导体1之间的空隙中设有阻燃填充材料4构成缆芯,在所述缆芯外侧依次包裹有铝塑复合带隔离层5和防火护套层6;其中,所述防火护套层6采用改性天然橡胶复合材料制备而成,所述改性天然橡胶复合材料的原料按重量份包括:天然橡胶100份、三元乙丙橡胶31份、乙烯-丁烯弹性体9份、聚丙烯腈纤维21份、硬脂酸1.5份、氧化锌1.7份、过氧化二异丙苯0.8份、硫磺0.8份、活性硅酸钙5.5份、煅烧凹凸棒土8份、改性蒙脱土7份、氧化石墨烯7.2份、可膨胀石墨5.5份、聚磷酸铵4份、二乙基次膦酸铝5份、促进剂DM 0.5份、促进剂TMTD 1.1份、防老剂4020 0.1份、防老剂MB 0.2份、防老剂RD 0.1份、防老剂AW 0.1份、磷酸三苯酯4份、六对醛基苯氧基环三磷腈5.2份、季戊四醇4份、全氟辛胺2.8份、十八烷基胺3.2份、双(二异丙基)硫化磷酰二硫化物2.8份;
其中,所述煅烧凹凸棒土的煅烧温度为700℃;
所述聚丙烯腈纤维为改性聚丙烯腈纤维;所述改性聚丙烯腈纤维按照以下工艺进行制备:按重量份将3份聚丙烯腈纤维、2份盐酸羟胺加入80份甲醇中使之溶胀,调节体系的pH值至9后,在68℃下搅拌反应2h,反应结束后经过滤、抽提、干燥得到羟胺改性聚丙烯腈;按重量份将35份羟胺改性聚丙烯腈与30份浓度为4mmol/L的氯化铈溶液混合均匀,在室温下振荡5h后过滤,经洗涤、干燥得到改性聚丙烯腈纤维;
所述改性蒙脱土按照以下工艺进行制备:按重量份将50份十六烷基三甲基溴化铵改性的蒙脱土加入水中,搅拌均匀后加入20份硅酸钠,利用硝酸溶液调节体系的pH值为8,搅拌反应5h,反应结束后经过滤、洗涤、干燥得到所述改性蒙脱土。
实施例5
参照图1,本发明提出的一种耐老化阻燃电力电缆,包括N个导体1,N≥3,所述导体1分别由多根导线相互绞合成束后并于外侧依次包裹绕包层2和绝缘层3组成,在N个导体1之间的空隙中设有阻燃填充材料4构成缆芯,在所述缆芯外侧依次包裹有铝塑复合带隔离层5和防火护套层6;其中,所述防火护套层6采用改性天然橡胶复合材料制备而成,所述改性天然橡胶复合材料的原料按重量份包括:天然橡胶100份、三元乙丙橡胶30份、乙烯-丁烯弹性体10份、聚丙烯腈纤维20份、硬脂酸1.6份、氧化锌1.4份、过氧化二异丙苯1份、硫磺0.65份、活性硅酸钙6.2份、煅烧凹凸棒土7.3份、改性蒙脱土10份、氧化石墨烯7份、可膨胀石墨6份、聚磷酸铵3.5份、二乙基次膦酸铝5.7份、促进剂M 1.2份、防老剂0.65份、磷酸三苯酯3.5份、六对醛基苯氧基环三磷腈5.5份、季戊四醇3.7份、全氟辛胺3份、十八烷基胺3份、双(二异丙基)硫化磷酰二硫化物3.2份;
其中,所述煅烧凹凸棒土的煅烧温度为630℃;
所述聚丙烯腈纤维为改性聚丙烯腈纤维;所述改性聚丙烯腈纤维按照以下工艺进行制备:按重量份将2.6份聚丙烯腈纤维、4份盐酸羟胺加入60份甲醇中使之溶胀,调节体系的pH值至9.3后,在65℃下搅拌反应6h,反应结束后经过滤、抽提、干燥得到羟胺改性聚丙烯腈;按重量份将30份羟胺改性聚丙烯腈与45份浓度为3.5mmol/L的氯化铈溶液混合均匀,在室温下振荡8h后过滤,经洗涤、干燥得到改性聚丙烯腈纤维;
所述改性蒙脱土按照以下工艺进行制备:按重量份将35份十六烷基三甲基溴化铵改性的蒙脱土加入水中,搅拌均匀后加入40份硅酸钠,利用硝酸溶液调节体系的pH值为7,搅拌反应8h,反应结束后经过滤、洗涤、干燥得到所述改性蒙脱土。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种耐老化阻燃电力电缆,其特征在于,包括N个导体(1),N≥3,所述导体(1)分别由多根导线相互绞合成束后并于外侧依次包裹绕包层(2)和绝缘层(3)组成,在N个导体(1)之间的空隙中设有阻燃填充材料(4)构成缆芯,在所述缆芯外侧依次包裹有铝塑复合带隔离层(5)和防火护套层(6);其中,所述防火护套层(6)采用改性天然橡胶复合材料制备而成,所述改性天然橡胶复合材料的原料按重量份包括:天然橡胶100份、三元乙丙橡胶20-35份、乙烯-丁烯弹性体5-15份、聚丙烯腈纤维10-25份、硬脂酸1.2-2份、氧化锌1-2份、过氧化二异丙苯0.5-1.5份、硫磺0.2-1份、活性硅酸钙2-10份、煅烧凹凸棒土3-12份、改性蒙脱土5-15份、氧化石墨烯3-12份、可膨胀石墨2-10份、聚磷酸铵1-10份、二乙基次膦酸铝2-10份、促进剂0.5-2份、防老剂0.2-1份、磷酸三苯酯2-5份、六对醛基苯氧基环三磷腈2-8份、季戊四醇2-8份、全氟辛胺2-3.5份、十八烷基胺2-4份、双(二异丙基)硫化磷酰二硫化物2-5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述耐老化阻燃电力电缆,其特征在于,所述改性天然橡胶复合材料的原料中,天然橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶、乙烯-丁烯弹性体的重量比为100:25-32:7-13。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述耐老化阻燃电力电缆,其特征在于,所述改性天然橡胶复合材料的原料按重量份包括:天然橡胶100份、三元乙丙橡胶28-31份、乙烯-丁烯弹性体9-12份、聚丙烯腈纤维16-21份、硬脂酸1.5-1.8份、氧化锌1.3-1.7份、过氧化二异丙苯0.8-1.2份、硫磺0.5-0.8份、活性硅酸钙5.5-7份、煅烧凹凸棒土6-8份、改性蒙脱土7-11份、氧化石墨烯6.5-7.2份、可膨胀石墨5.5-6.3份、聚磷酸铵3.2-4份、二乙基次膦酸铝5-6.2份、促进剂1-1.6份、防老剂0.5-0.8份、磷酸三苯酯3.2-4份、六对醛基苯氧基环三磷腈5.2-6份、季戊四醇3.4-4份、全氟辛胺2.8-3.1份、十八烷基胺2.9-3.2份、双(二异丙基)硫化磷酰二硫化物2.8-3.4份。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述耐老化阻燃电力电缆,其特征在于,所述改性天然橡胶复合材料的原料按重量份包括:天然橡胶100份、三元乙丙橡胶30份、乙烯-丁烯弹性体10份、聚丙烯腈纤维20份、硬脂酸1.6份、氧化锌1.4份、过氧化二异丙苯1份、硫磺0.65份、活性硅酸钙6.2份、煅烧凹凸棒土7.3份、改性蒙脱土10份、氧化石墨烯7份、可膨胀石墨6份、聚磷酸铵3.5份、二乙基次膦酸铝5.7份、促进剂1.2份、防老剂0.65份、磷酸三苯酯3.5份、六对醛基苯氧基环三磷腈5.5份、季戊四醇3.7份、全氟辛胺3份、十八烷基胺3份、双(二异丙基)硫化磷酰二硫化物3.2份。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述耐老化阻燃电力电缆,其特征在于,所述聚丙烯腈纤维为改性聚丙烯腈纤维;所述改性聚丙烯腈纤维按照以下工艺进行制备:按重量份将2-3份聚丙烯腈纤维、2-5份盐酸羟胺加入40-80份甲醇中使之溶胀,调节体系的pH值至9-10后,在60-68℃下搅拌反应2-8h,反应结束后经过滤、抽提、干燥得到羟胺改性聚丙烯腈;按重量份将20-35份羟胺改性聚丙烯腈与30-50份浓度为2-4mmol/L的氯化铈溶液混合均匀,在室温下振荡5-10h后过滤,经洗涤、干燥得到改性聚丙烯腈纤维。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述耐老化阻燃电力电缆,其特征在于,所述聚丙烯腈纤维为改性聚丙烯腈纤维;所述改性聚丙烯腈纤维按照以下工艺进行制备:按重量份将2.6份聚丙烯腈纤维、4份盐酸羟胺加入60份甲醇中使之溶胀,调节体系的pH值至9.3后,在65℃下搅拌反应6h,反应结束后经过滤、抽提、干燥得到羟胺改性聚丙烯腈;按重量份将30份羟胺改性聚丙烯腈与45份浓度为3.5mmol/L的氯化铈溶液混合均匀,在室温下振荡8h后过滤,经洗涤、干燥得到改性聚丙烯腈纤维。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述耐老化阻燃电力电缆,其特征在于,所述煅烧凹凸棒土的煅烧温度为500-700℃。
8.根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述耐老化阻燃电力电缆,其特征在于,所述改性蒙脱土按照以下工艺进行制备:按重量份将20-50份十六烷基三甲基溴化铵改性的蒙脱土加入水中,搅拌均匀后加入20-45份硅酸钠,利用硝酸溶液调节体系的pH值为7-8,搅拌反应5-10h,反应结束后经过滤、洗涤、干燥得到所述改性蒙脱土。
9.根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述耐老化阻燃电力电缆,其特征在于,所述促进剂为促进剂M、促进剂DM、促进剂TMTD中的一种或者多种的混合物。
10.根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述耐老化阻燃电力电缆,其特征在于,所述防老剂为防老剂4020、防老剂MB、防老剂RD、防老剂AW中的一种或者多种的混合物。
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