CN105822347A - Tunnel siphon water drainage system and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a tunnel siphon drainage system and its construction method. The drainage system includes a drill hole opened at the water seepage point of the tunnel wall and inclined downward, a water storage device arranged at the bottom of the drilling hole, and a water storage device successively communicated with the water storage device. Siphon sleeve, water storage bucket and longitudinal drainage ditch, the angle between the borehole and the vertical direction is 45‑75°, one end of the siphon sleeve is inserted into the borehole and communicates with the water storage, and the other end is vertical from the borehole drawn out and placed in the water storage bucket, the outlet of the siphon sleeve is 40-60cm lower than the water storage; when constructing, first drill the hole, then place the water storage and the water storage bucket, and then connect the two ends of the siphon sleeve Insert them into the water storage tank and the water storage bucket respectively. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can discharge the groundwater near the seepage point of the tunnel wall in time, and the drainage process does not require additional power supply, and the drainage flow and flow process are automatically controlled by the change of the water level, effectively ensuring smooth drainage.

Description

A tunnel siphon drainage system and its construction method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel and underground engineering waterproof and drainage, and relates to a tunnel siphon drainage system and a construction method thereof.

Background technique

The tunnel waterproof and drainage design follows the principle of "prevention, drainage, interception, blocking, adapting measures to local conditions, and comprehensive treatment". The existing waterproof and drainage structure is mainly to set geotechnical non-woven fabric and The flexible waterproof layer of the waterproof board, wherein the waterproof board also serves as the isolation layer. In the actual use process, there are certain defects in the waterproof board isolation layer of this structure. For example, in the tunnels of the IV, V, and VI surrounding rocks, as time goes by, the tiny particles in the surrounding rocks accumulate day by day, making the geotextile non-woven The cloth was hardened and could not filter, so that the water behind the tunnel lining could not flow smoothly into the drainpipe. The survey found that most of the water seepage in the tunnel lining is due to the fact that the drainage pipes installed in the lining do not produce water, which cannot meet the drainage requirements, and sedimentation occurs in the pipes. , resulting in water seepage or cracking at the weak points of the lining quality.

The Chinese invention patent with the application publication number of CN 102635402A discloses a down-dip borehole siphon drainage method for water seepage treatment on the tunnel wall. The relative height difference between the mouth and the bottom of the hole is less than 8m; one end of the siphon drainage pipe is inserted into the water storage pipe at the bottom of the hole, and the water storage pipe at the bottom of the hole together with the siphon drainage pipe is inserted into the bottom of the borehole; the other end of the siphon drainage pipe is inserted into the water storage tank of the diversion pipe; The groundwater infiltrated from the surrounding rocks enters the downhill borehole, causing the water level in the hole to rise, and a siphon process occurs. The siphon drainage pipe discharges the groundwater in the borehole into the diversion pipe in real time, and the diversion pipe then guides the water into the drainage ditch of the tunnel. flow out of the tunnel. In the technical solution disclosed in the above-mentioned patent, the seepage is controlled by dredging rather than blocking, which avoids the spread of the groundwater seepage range, and does not cause adverse consequences caused by damage to the anti-seepage layer of the lining. Compared with the above-mentioned patents, the improvement and technical effects of the present invention are as follows: 1) Patent CN 102635402A does not clearly point out the drilling angle and the construction position of the construction siphon, which causes inconvenience in actual construction, while the drilling angle used in the present invention is 45- 75°, vertically drawn out, the setting method is simple and easy; 2) The material and setting parameters of the siphon tube in the patent CN 102635402A are not clear, but the siphon tube in the present invention uses a PU tube, and the drilling length is 1.8m, and the distance from the tunnel wall seeps At the side wall at a height of 1.2m above the tunnel bottom, the tunnel cross-section at the point is more convenient and easy to deal with leakage water, and the cost of PU pipe is reasonable and economical, saving the cost of leakage water disposal; 3) the water outlet in the patent CN 102635402A uses The sump makes it difficult for the collected water discharged by the siphon to flow out along the drainage ditch, which may affect the continuation of the siphon effect and easily cause the siphon effect to fail. However, in the present invention, a plastic bucket is placed in the drainage ditch at the water outlet of the siphon tube, and another plastic bucket is placed on the plastic bucket A drainage hole is set at 0.1-0.2m, so that the drainage can flow out in time during the siphon process, and when the vacuum of the siphon effect is difficult to maintain due to insufficient water at the outlet, it can timely and properly replenish water to ensure the smooth progress of the siphon effect, and the work is simple and easy to operate; 4 ) The drilling method in the patent CN 102635402A is not clear. The present invention adopts the air-leg type hand drill, which is convenient and easy to operate; 5) The water outlet section of the siphon in the patent CN 102635402A is too short, and a diversion tube is connected, and water leakage is prone to occur at the connection between the two The air leakage phenomenon is not conducive to the continuation of the siphon effect. In the present invention, the siphon tube is directly drawn into the plastic bucket at the water outlet, which avoids the siphon effect being affected by the water leakage of the siphon tube and air leakage, and makes the treatment effect of the tunnel seepage water more significant. 6) The siphon of the present invention adopts a polyvinyl chloride pipe jacket PU pipe, which has good durability and is conducive to the long-term siphon action, while saving the replacement cost of the siphon material and ensuring the service life of the siphon.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel siphon drainage system and its construction method which can timely discharge the groundwater near the seepage point of the tunnel wall and facilitate construction in order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.

The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

A tunnel siphon drainage system, the drainage system includes a drill hole opened at the seepage point of the tunnel wall and inclined downward, a water storage device arranged at the bottom of the drilling hole, a siphon sleeve connected to the water storage device in sequence, and a water storage bucket And the longitudinal drainage ditch, the angle between the borehole and the vertical direction is 45-75°, one end of the siphon sleeve is inserted into the borehole and communicated with the water storage, and the other end is vertically drawn out from the borehole , and placed in the water storage barrel, the water outlet of the siphon sleeve is 40-60cm lower than the water storage.

The borehole is set at the side wall of the tunnel cross section at the seepage point of the tunnel wall, and the borehole is 1.0-1.5m higher than the bottom of the tunnel.

The diameter of the borehole is 35-45mm, and the length is 1.2-2.0m.

The siphon sleeve includes at least two siphon tubes and a protective sleeve sleeved on the outside of the siphon tubes.

The siphon is a PU siphon with a nominal diameter of 1/8-3/8 inches.

The protective casing is a polyvinyl chloride pipe, and the nominal diameter of the polyvinyl chloride pipe is 1/2-1 inch.

The water storage is a polyvinyl chloride water storage, the length of the polyvinyl chloride water storage is 50-80cm, and the outer diameter is 38-42mm.

The diameter of the water storage bucket is 15-30cm, the height is 25-30cm, and it is arranged in the longitudinal drainage ditch, and the water storage bucket is provided with drainage holes, and the height of the drainage holes is 0.1-0.2m. It is convenient to timely discharge the collected water in the water storage bucket.

A construction method of a tunnel siphon drainage system, the method specifically includes the following steps:

Step S1: At the side wall of the tunnel cross-section at the water seepage point of the tunnel wall from the bottom of the tunnel at a height of 1.0-1.5m, at an angle of 45-75° to the vertical direction, drill a hole with a diameter of 35- 45mm, drilled holes with a length of 1.2-2.0m;

Step S2: placing a water reservoir at the bottom of the borehole, and setting a water storage bucket in the longitudinal gutter;

Step S3: Insert one end of the siphon sleeve into the borehole and communicate with the water storage, and the other end is drawn out vertically from the borehole and placed in the water storage barrel.

Wherein, the drill described in step S1 is an air-leg type hand drill or an internal combustion rock drill.

After the siphon casing is placed, use a sprayer to reversely pour water from the outlet of the siphon into the borehole, so that the siphon is filled with water to realize the initial siphon; keep the siphon in a state of water, and use a waterproof sealing material around the opening of the borehole. The borehole is closed to prevent the gas outside the borehole from entering the borehole and keep the air inside the borehole in a negative pressure state; a flow control water meter is installed at the outlet of the siphon to facilitate monitoring of the water output.

The waterproof sealing material is preferably geotextile.

The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the groundwater near the seepage point of the tunnel wall naturally seeps into the borehole and collects in the water storage device. Flow into the water storage bucket along the siphon pipe, that is, the siphon process occurs until the air pressure in the borehole returns to the previous negative pressure state; the water in the water storage bucket flows into the vertical drainage ditch through the drainage hole and along the longitudinal direction after accumulating to a predetermined height. Drains drain out of the tunnel.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following characteristics:

1) The siphon sleeve is used for waterproofing and drainage, which avoids the hardening of the geotextile fabric caused by the water flow behind the lining, resulting in poor drainage or water seepage and cracking at weak points of the lining, and improves the durability of the tunnel lining concrete;

2) There is no need to provide additional power during the drainage process, and the tunnel siphon drainage flow and flow process are automatically controlled by water level changes;

3) Used in IV, V, VI level surrounding rock tunnels, water-rich sections of hard rock tunnels, joint fissure development sections and fault structures, it can adapt to changes in the groundwater level of the surrounding rocks of the tunnel, and effectively realize the timely discharge of groundwater deep in the surrounding rocks. Ensure smooth drainage;

4) The construction method is simple, the cost is low, the scope of the damaged slope is small, and the maintenance is convenient.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of tunnel siphon drainage system in embodiment 1;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of siphon sleeve in embodiment 1;

Instructions for marks in the figure:

1—drilling hole, 2—water reservoir, 3—siphon pipe, 4—siphon casing, 5—water storage barrel, 6—longitudinal drainage ditch, 7—tunnel wall, 8—protective casing.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1:

A tunnel siphon drainage system, the drainage system includes a borehole 1 set at the seepage point of the tunnel wall 7 and inclined downwards, a water reservoir 2 arranged at the bottom of the borehole 1, and a siphon sleeve connected to the water reservoir 2 in sequence Pipe 4, water storage barrel 5 and longitudinal drainage ditch 6, the angle between the borehole 1 and the vertical direction is 45°, one end of the siphon sleeve 4 is inserted into the borehole 1 and communicated with the water storage 2, and the other end is connected to the borehole 1 One place is drawn vertically and placed in the water storage barrel 5, and the water outlet of the siphon sleeve 4 is 40cm lower than the position of the water reservoir 2.

The borehole 1 is opened at the side wall of the tunnel cross section at the water seepage point of the tunnel wall 7, and the borehole 1 is 1.0m higher than the bottom of the tunnel. The borehole 1 has a diameter of 35mm and a length of 1.2m.

The siphon sleeve 4 includes two siphon tubes 3 and a protective sleeve 8 sleeved on the outside of the siphon tubes.

The siphon 3 is a PU siphon with a nominal diameter of 1/8 inch.

The protective sleeve 8 is a polyvinyl chloride pipe, and the nominal diameter of the polyvinyl chloride pipe is 1/2 inch.

The water storage 2 is a polyvinyl chloride water storage, the length of the polyvinyl chloride water storage is 50cm, and the outer diameter is 38mm.

The diameter of water storage barrel 5 is 15cm, and height is 15cm, is arranged in longitudinal drainage ditch 6, and this water storage barrel 5 is provided with drainage hole, and the height of this drainage hole is 0.2m, convenient water collection in water storage bucket timely discharge.

A construction method of a tunnel siphon drainage system, the method specifically includes the following steps:

Step S1: At the side wall at a height of 1.0m above the bottom of the tunnel at the cross section of the tunnel at the water seepage point 7 of the tunnel wall, at an angle of 45° to the vertical direction, drill a hole with a diameter of 35mm and a length of 1.2 m borehole 1;

Step S2: placing a water storage device 2 at the bottom of the borehole 1, and setting a water storage bucket 5 in the longitudinal drainage ditch 6;

Step S3: Insert one end of the siphon sleeve 4 into the borehole 1 and communicate with the water storage 2, and the other end is drawn out vertically from the borehole 1 and placed in the water storage bucket 5.

Wherein, the drill described in step S1 is an air leg type hand drill.

After the siphon sleeve 4 is placed, use a sprayer to reversely pour water from the outlet of the siphon 3 into the borehole 1, so that the siphon 3 is filled with water to realize the initial siphon; Borehole 1 is sealed with a waterproof sealing material around it to prevent gas outside the borehole 1 from entering the borehole 1 and keep the air inside the borehole 1 in a negative pressure state; a flow control water meter is installed at the water outlet of the siphon 3 to facilitate monitoring of the water output.

Among them, the waterproof sealing material is geotextile.

The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the groundwater near the seepage point of the tunnel wall 7 naturally seeps into the borehole 1 and collects in the water storage device 2. After the water level of the water storage device 2 rises, the air pressure in the borehole 1 increases, which promotes the storage The water in the water container 2 flows into the water storage bucket 5 along the siphon tube 3, and the siphon process occurs until the air pressure in the borehole 1 returns to the previous negative pressure state; the water in the water storage bucket 5 accumulates to a predetermined height and passes through The drainage hole flows into the longitudinal gutter 6 and along the longitudinal gutter 6 exits the tunnel.

Example 2:

A tunnel siphon drainage system, the drainage system includes a borehole 1 set at the seepage point of the tunnel wall 7 and inclined downwards, a water reservoir 2 arranged at the bottom of the borehole 1, and a siphon sleeve connected to the water reservoir 2 in sequence Tube 4, water storage barrel 5 and longitudinal drainage ditch 6, the angle between borehole 1 and the vertical direction is 75°, one end of siphon sleeve 4 is inserted into borehole 1 and communicated with water storage 2, and the other end is connected to the borehole One place is drawn vertically and placed in the water storage bucket 5, and the water outlet of the siphon sleeve 4 is 60cm lower than the position of the water storage tank 2.

The borehole 1 is opened at the side wall of the tunnel cross section at the seepage point of the tunnel wall 7, and the borehole 1 is 1.5m higher than the bottom of the tunnel. Borehole 1 has a diameter of 45 mm and a length of 2.0 m.

The siphon sleeve 4 includes three siphon tubes 3 and a protective sleeve 8 sleeved on the outside of the siphon tubes.

The siphon 3 is a PU siphon with a nominal diameter of 3/8 inch.

The protective sleeve 8 is a polyvinyl chloride pipe, and the nominal diameter of the polyvinyl chloride pipe is 1 inch.

The water storage 2 is a polyvinyl chloride water storage, the length of the polyvinyl chloride water storage is 80cm, and the outer diameter is 42mm.

The diameter of water storage barrel 5 is 20cm, and height is 20cm, is arranged in longitudinal drainage ditch 6, and this water storage barrel 5 is provided with drainage hole, and the height of this drainage hole is 0.1m, facilitates water collection in water storage bucket timely. discharge.

A construction method of a tunnel siphon drainage system, the method specifically includes the following steps:

Step S1: At the side wall of the tunnel cross section at the water seepage point of the tunnel wall 7 from the bottom of the tunnel at a height of 1.5m, at an angle of 75° to the vertical direction, use a drill to drill a hole with a diameter of 45mm and a length of 2.0mm m borehole 1;

Step S2: placing a water storage device 2 at the bottom of the borehole 1, and setting a water storage bucket 5 in the longitudinal drainage ditch 6;

Step S3: Insert one end of the siphon sleeve 4 into the borehole 1 and communicate with the water storage 2, and the other end is drawn out vertically from the borehole 1 and placed in the water storage bucket 5.

Wherein, the drill described in step S1 is an internal combustion rock drill.

Example 3:

A tunnel siphon drainage system, the drainage system includes a borehole 1 set at the seepage point of the tunnel wall 7 and inclined downwards, a water reservoir 2 arranged at the bottom of the borehole 1, and a siphon sleeve connected to the water reservoir 2 in sequence Tube 4, water storage barrel 5 and longitudinal drainage ditch 6, the angle between borehole 1 and the vertical direction is 60°, one end of siphon sleeve 4 is inserted into borehole 1 and communicated with water storage 2, and the other end is connected with the borehole One place is drawn vertically and placed in the water storage bucket 5, and the water outlet of the siphon sleeve 4 is 50cm lower than the position of the water storage tank 2.

The borehole 1 is opened at the side wall of the tunnel cross section at the seepage point of the tunnel wall 7, and the borehole 1 is 1.2m higher than the bottom of the tunnel. The borehole 1 has a diameter of 42mm and a length of 1.8m.

The siphon sleeve 4 includes four siphon tubes 3 and a protective sleeve 8 sleeved on the outside of the siphon tubes.

The siphon 3 is a PU siphon with a nominal diameter of 2/8 inch.

The protective sleeve 8 is a polyvinyl chloride pipe, and the nominal diameter of the polyvinyl chloride pipe is 3/4 inch.

The water storage 2 is a polyvinyl chloride water storage, the length of the polyvinyl chloride water storage is 70cm, and the outer diameter is 40mm.

The diameter of water storage barrel 5 is 18cm, and height is 17cm, is arranged in vertical drainage ditch 6, and this water storage barrel 5 is provided with drainage hole, and the height of this drainage hole is 0.15m, convenient water collection in water storage bucket timely discharge.

A construction method of a tunnel siphon drainage system, the method specifically includes the following steps:

Step S1: At the side wall of the tunnel cross-section at the water seepage point of the tunnel wall 7 from the bottom of the tunnel at a height of 1.2m, at an angle of 60° to the vertical direction, drill a hole with a diameter of 42mm and a length of 1.8 m borehole 1;

Step S2: placing a water storage device 2 at the bottom of the borehole 1, and setting a water storage bucket 5 in the longitudinal drainage ditch 6;

Step S3: Insert one end of the siphon sleeve 4 into the borehole 1 and communicate with the water storage 2, and the other end is drawn out vertically from the borehole 1 and placed in the water storage bucket 5.

Wherein, the drill described in step S1 is an air leg type hand drill.

The above descriptions of the embodiments are for those of ordinary skill in the art to understand and use the invention. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments, and apply the general principles described here to other embodiments without creative efforts. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art according to the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a tunnel siphon drainge system, it is characterised in that this drainage system includes being opened in Tunnel wall (7) Seepage point downward-sloping boring (1), the water receiver (2) being arranged on boring (1) bottom and water receiver (2) siphon sleeve pipe (4), water storage barrel (5) and the longitudinal drainage ditch (6) being sequentially communicated, described boring (1) Being 45-75 ° with the angle of vertical, boring (1) and water storage are inserted in one end of described siphon sleeve pipe (4) Device (2) connects, and the other end is vertically drawn from boring (1), is placed in water storage barrel (5), described rainbow Inhale the outlet of sleeve pipe (4) less than water receiver (2) 40-60cm.

A kind of tunnel the most according to claim 1 siphon drainge system, it is characterised in that described boring (1) it is opened at cross section, the tunnel abutment wall of Tunnel wall (7) seepage point, and described boring (1) height In 1.0-1.5m at the bottom of Tunnel.

A kind of tunnel the most according to claim 2 siphon drainge system, it is characterised in that described boring (1) a diameter of 35-45mm, a length of 1.2-2.0m.

A kind of tunnel the most according to claim 1 siphon drainge system, it is characterised in that described siphon Sleeve pipe (4) includes at least two siphons (3) and is set in the protection sleeve pipe (8) outside siphon.

A kind of tunnel the most according to claim 4 siphon drainge system, it is characterised in that described siphon Pipe (3) is PU siphon, and the siphonal nominal diameter of this PU is 1/8-3/8 inch.

A kind of tunnel the most according to claim 4 siphon drainge system, it is characterised in that described protection Sleeve pipe (8) is polyvinyl chloride pipe, and the nominal diameter of this polyvinyl chloride pipe is 1/2-1 inch.

A kind of tunnel the most according to claim 1 siphon drainge system, it is characterised in that described water storage Device (2) is polrvinyl chloride water receiver, a length of 50-80cm of this polrvinyl chloride water receiver, and external diameter is 38-42mm.

A kind of tunnel the most according to claim 1 siphon drainge system, it is characterised in that described water-retention Bucket (5) is arranged in longitudinal drainage ditch (6), and described water storage barrel (5) is provided with osculum, this row The height in water hole is 0.1-0.2m.

9. a method of construction for the tunnel siphon drainge system as described in any one of claim 1 to 8, it is special Levying and be, the method specifically includes following steps:

Step S1: in the cross section, tunnel of Tunnel wall (7) seepage point from the limit of above 1.0-1.5m height at the bottom of hole At wall, become 45-75 ° by with vertical, use one a diameter of 35-45mm of the oblique probing of borer, length Boring (1) for 1.2-2.0m；

Step S2: place water receiver (2) in the bottom of boring (1), and arrange in longitudinal drainage ditch (6) Water storage barrel (5)；

Step S3: boring (1) is inserted in one end of siphon sleeve pipe (4) and connects with water receiver (2), another Hold and vertically draw from boring (1), be placed in water storage barrel (5).

The method of construction of a kind of tunnel the most according to claim 9 siphon drainge system, it is characterised in that Borer described in step S1 is gas leg type hands air drill or diesel rock frill.