CN105819309B - Pneumatic elevation ladder and control method - Google Patents
Pneumatic elevation ladder and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105819309B CN105819309B CN201610364649.0A CN201610364649A CN105819309B CN 105819309 B CN105819309 B CN 105819309B CN 201610364649 A CN201610364649 A CN 201610364649A CN 105819309 B CN105819309 B CN 105819309B
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- Prior art keywords
- lift car
- hoistway
- elevator
- car
- pressure
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B9/00—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
- B66B9/04—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures actuated pneumatically or hydraulically
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/02—Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action
- B66B1/06—Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action electric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/34—Details, e.g. call counting devices, data transmission from car to control system, devices giving information to the control system
- B66B1/3476—Load weighing or car passenger counting devices
- B66B1/3484—Load weighing or car passenger counting devices using load cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/34—Details, e.g. call counting devices, data transmission from car to control system, devices giving information to the control system
- B66B1/3492—Position or motion detectors or driving means for the detector
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/34—Details, e.g. call counting devices, data transmission from car to control system, devices giving information to the control system
- B66B1/36—Means for stopping the cars, cages, or skips at predetermined levels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
- B66B11/02—Cages, i.e. cars
- B66B11/0226—Constructional features, e.g. walls assembly, decorative panels, comfort equipment, thermal or sound insulation
- B66B11/024—Ventilation systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
- B66B11/04—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals
- B66B11/0423—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals actuated pneumatically or hydraulically
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/28—Buffer-stops for cars, cages, or skips
- B66B5/282—Structure thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
- B66B7/02—Guideways; Guides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
- B66D5/00—Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
- B66D5/02—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes
- B66D5/24—Operating devices
- B66D5/30—Operating devices electrical
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B2201/00—Aspects of control systems of elevators
- B66B2201/20—Details of the evaluation method for the allocation of a call to an elevator car
- B66B2201/215—Transportation capacity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
- B66D2700/00—Capstans, winches or hoists
- B66D2700/03—Mechanisms with latches or braking devices in general for capstans, hoists or similar devices as well as braking devices actuated electrically or by fluid under pressure
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of Pneumatic elevation ladder, occur easily to produce the problem of dangerous when pendant is terraced mainly for existing elevator, propose a kind of Pneumatic elevation ladder, including elevator hoistways, lift car and control device, the elevator hoistways ease up including lifting hoistway rushes hoistway, the buffering hoistway is arranged on the lower end of the lifting hoistway and is connected with the lifting hoistway, and the lower end of the lifting hoistway is connected with aerating device and means of deflation；The lift car bottom coordinates with elevator hoistways sealing；Space in the elevator hoistways less than the lift car bottom is confined space；When the aerating device is inflated into confined space, the lift car rises, and when the means of deflation is deflated out of described confined space, the lift car declines；The control device is used for the startup and stopping for controlling the lift car.The present invention occurs that the situation of lift car and other structures rigid collision will not occur when pendant is terraced, and safety coefficient is high.
Description
Technical field
It is specifically a kind of pneumatically to rise the present invention relates to a kind of lowering or hoisting gear for being used in building transport personnel or goods
Drop ladder and control method.
Background technology
As land resource is more and more rare, present building plans are all planned to high-level structure, this high-level structure energy
It is enough farthest to utilize limited land resource, it also can just be createed using existing resource and be worth to greatest extent.With
The architectural development of high-level structure, the device for transporting personnel or goods lifting is also widely applied, common under prior art
Lowering or hoisting gear have staircase, elevator etc., due to staircase take space it is big, and when taking staircase need process repeatedly change
Multiply, therefore, the use of staircase is extremely limited.Most widely used at present is elevator, and elevator is mainly by car, balance
System, traction system and guidance system etc. are formed, and machine is inevitably occurring in the elevator of this structure after long-play
The abrasion of tool part, when machine components are due to being in the presence of wearing and when occurring mechanical failure, it is possible to pendant ladder occurs
Event, easily cause danger.Existing elevator typically in the form of band-type brake come the generation of anti-falling stop ladder event, when elevator occurs
During accident, band-type brake meeting locking, pendant ladder is avoided, but the situation of this brake sticking brake belongs to rigid braking, when the unexpected locking of band-type brake
When, first the personnel in elevator are likely to cause with injury, while it is also possible to the parts such as cage guide are caused to damage.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of startup lowering or hoisting gear that can ensure boarding personal security.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, Pneumatic elevation ladder of the present invention, including more than two layers of elevator hoistways, in elevator hoistways on
The lift car and control device of lower operation, the lifting hoistway that the elevator hoistways include being wholely set, which eases up, rushes hoistway, described
It is the sealing hoistway positioned at the lower end of the lifting hoistway to buffer hoistway；Wherein, lift hoistway upper end and be provided with blow vent, described
The lower end of lifting hoistway is connected with aerating device and means of deflation；Every layer of hoistway is provided with the elevator door of hermetic seal；
At least in the lift car bottom provided with (hermetic seal herein is relatively close with the elevator hoistways hermetic seal
Envelope, in the case where ensureing the accurate running situation of elevator, it is allowed to gas leakage) cooperation seal section；Less than described in the elevator hoistways
The space of lift car bottom is confined space；
The control device is used for the startup and stopping for controlling the aerating device and means of deflation, so that lift car reaches
To the floor specified；
When the aerating device is inflated into confined space and reaches unlifting pressure, the lift car rises；Work as institute
When stating means of deflation and deflating out of described confined space to reach falling pressure, the lift car declines.
Further, the lift car is provided with the weighing device for being used for weighing load-carrying；Also include one to be used to measure
The baroceptor of pressure in the confined space, the baroceptor and weighing device connect with control device communication
Connect, the control device control controls the aerating device and deflation dress according to the data that weighing device, baroceptor transmit
Put.
Specifically, the weighing device includes being arranged on cylindrical pressure sensor and the setting at car Housing Base center
Supporting plate on cylindrical pressure sensor；Or
The weighing device include be arranged on car cover top plate center pulling force sensor and with the pull sensing
The cage of device connection.
Further, brake apparatus is provided with the outside of the lift car, the elevator hoistways correspond to the position of each floor
Install and be equipped with position sensor, the position sensor communicates with the control device, and the control device is according to position sensing
The signal of device controls the brake apparatus.
Specifically, the brake apparatus includes some sub- brake apparatus being circumferentially uniformly arranged along lift car, described
Sub- brake apparatus includes electromagnet, spring and arcuate brake piece；Groove is provided with the car housing of the lift car, it is described
Arcuate brake piece one end is hinged in groove, and the both ends of the spring are connected with brake(-holder) block and trench bottom surfaces respectively, the electromagnetism
Iron is arranged in trench bottom surfaces；When the solenoid is energized, the arcuate brake piece all in groove, works as electromagnet by adhesive
During power-off, the arcuate brake piece is ejected by spring, is bonded with the elevator hoistways；
Or, described elevator hoistways are ferromagnetic conduit, be provided with the car housing of described lift car one with
On Breake Electromagnet or magnet coil.
Further, the section of the elevator hoistways is circle, is provided with least along axis in the elevator hoistways side wall
A piece guiding rib or guide chute, on the lift car corresponding described guiding rib or guide chute be provided with guide chute or
Guiding rib, the guide groove are slidably matched with the guiding rib.
Specifically, two guide chutes are provided with the elevator hoistways, two are provided with the lift car
Guiding rib, the lateral wall insulation connection of the guide groove and elevator hoistways, the car housing of the guiding rib and the lift car
Insulation connection；Two guide chutes electrically connect with the both positive and negative polarity of power supply respectively, the control device in the lift car with
And lighting device electrically connects with two guiding ribs.
Further, the car top is provided with ventilating opening, and air-exchanging chamber is provided with the top of the elevator hoistways, described to change
Air chamber connects with ambient atmosphere, two gas ports of the aerating device bottom with the lifting hoistway and the air-exchanging chamber respectively
Connection, two gas ports of the means of deflation connect with the bottom of the lifting hoistway and the air-exchanging chamber respectively.
Further, the buffering hoistway bottom is set on described pipeline by the faulty aerating device of pipeline communication
There is check valve；The lower end of the lifting hoistway is additionally provided with Manual air-release valves.
The lifting hoistway of Pneumatic elevation ladder of the present invention is destroyed, and lift car is lifted in hoistway when occurring to fall terraced
Air pressure change is a progressive formation, lift car is slowly fallen, when the height of lift car bottom is less than lifting hoistway
Can re-form a confined space during breakdown point, below lift car, lift car can a period of time damped motion it
Stop motion afterwards, rigid collision will not occur in whole process, personnel will not be formed and endangered.
The elevator hoistways of Pneumatic elevation ladder of the present invention are buffering hoistways in lower end, if aerating device is damaged or lifted
The breakdown point of hoistway occurs, in bottom, used during elevator falling event to occur, when the bottom of lift car is fallen into buffering hoistway, buffering
Hoistway forms closed space with lift car bottom, air be present in space, so as to form an air damping device, energy
Enough the personnel in elevator are protected not come to harm.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a kind of control method of the Pneumatic elevation ladder described in above-mentioned any one：
Described control method is：
1) load in current lift car is measured, and calculates the deadweight of driving current car and the upper boosting needed for load
Power or falling pressure；
2) current gas pressure of confined space is measured, calculates the pressure differential of current gas pressure and the unlifting pressure or falling pressure
Value；
3) it is inflated for deflated to control elevator to be moved upwardly or downwardly by control instruction；
4) judge whether elevator reaches destination, reach, stop, being not up to, then return to step 3；
Or, described control method is：
Measure the load in current lift car, and calculate driving current car deadweight and load needed for unlifting pressure
Or falling pressure；
The current gas pressure of confined space is measured, calculates the pressure differential of current gas pressure and the unlifting pressure or falling pressure
Value；
It is moved upwardly or downwardly by control instruction control elevator；
The gas flow for supplementing and being filled with or release required for the pressure difference value is calculated, is filled with or releases the gas of respective amount,
Brake apparatus is closed, control elevator is moved upwardly or downwardly；
Whether the position for measuring current lift car reaches predetermined floor；
Reach, slow down inflated for deflated speed；
Whether the position for measuring current lift car reaches destination, when lift car reaches target location, stops
It is inflated for deflated, brake apparatus is opened, control lift car stops at target location；
Wherein, during rising, predetermined floor=destination -1, during decline, predetermined floor=destination -1.
Pneumatic elevation ladder control method of the present invention, when being filled with air into confined space, air pressure gradually increases, and works as gas
When pressing the gravity summation of the people being more than to the thrust of lift car in lift car and car or article, lift car rises, when
When air pressure is less than the lift car with the gravity summation of the people in car or article to the thrust of lift car, under lift car
Drop, according to above-mentioned principle, by the way that gas is filled with or released into confined space, can drive the raising and lowering of lift car.
Because the thrust and the summation of bearing capacity in lift car and car of confined space inner air pressure approach, work as elevator
When hoistway destroys, the process of one gradual change during gas pressure change in confined space, make lift car will not occur with
The rigid collision of other structures, so as to protect the safety of personnel in elevator.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Pneumatic elevation ladder of the present invention；
Schematic diagram when Fig. 2 is the brake(-holder) block adhesive of the brake apparatus of Pneumatic elevation ladder of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram when brake(-holder) block of the brake apparatus of Pneumatic elevation of the present invention ladder flicks；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram with guiding rib and guide chute of Pneumatic elevation ladder of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is enlarged drawing at the I of Fig. 4.
Embodiment
With reference to Figure of description, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, the present embodiment Pneumatic elevation is terraced, including more than two layers of elevator hoistways 1, in elevator hoistways up and down
The lift car 2 and control device of operation, the elevator hoistways 1 include the lifting hoistway 101 being wholely set and buffering hoistway
102, the buffering hoistway 102 is the sealing hoistway positioned at the lower end of the lifting hoistway 101；Wherein, the upper end of hoistway 101 is lifted
Provided with blow vent, the lower end of the lifting hoistway 101 is provided with gas vent and inflation inlet 103, the gas vent and inflation inlet
103 are connected with aerating device and means of deflation；Every layer of hoistway is provided with the elevator door of hermetic seal；
At least in the bottom of lift car 2 provided with (hermetic seal herein is relatively close with the hermetic seal of elevator hoistways 1
Envelope, in the case where ensureing the accurate running situation of elevator, it is allowed to gas leakage) cooperation seal section；Less than described in the elevator hoistways 1
The space of lift car bottom is confined space；
The control device is used for the startup and stopping for controlling the aerating device and means of deflation, so that lift car reaches
To the floor specified；
When the aerating device is inflated into confined space and reaches unlifting pressure, the lift car 2 rises；Work as institute
When stating means of deflation and deflating out of described confined space to reach falling pressure, the lift car 2 declines.
In the present embodiment, lift car 2 constitutes confined space with elevator hoistways 1 below, when into confined space
When being filled with air, air pressure gradually increases, when air pressure the thrust of lift car 2 is more than lift car 2 and the people in car or
During the gravity summation of article, lift car 2 rises, when air pressure is less than the lift car 2 and car to the thrust of lift car 2
During the gravity summation of interior people or article, lift car 2 declines, according to above-mentioned principle, by being filled with or putting into confined space
Go out gas, the raising and lowering of lift car 2 can be driven.
In the case of due to the quantity difference of people and goods in elevator, the gross weight of lift car 2 is also different, therefore, when
, it is necessary to supplement corresponding air pressure at any time for confined space, therefore, the present embodiment exists when entering personnel into car or being put into goods
Weighing device 203 is provided with lift car 2, in order to monitor the gross weight of personnel and article in car at any time, is supplemented at any time
Air pressure, the stability of lift car 2 can be ensured.
The confined space by bottom of the present embodiment Pneumatic elevation ladder drives lift car about 2, therefore lift car 2
Gravity it is close with the pressure that lower gas applies to lift car 2 all the time, lift car 2 occur pendant it is terraced when, that is, certain
When the lifting hoistway 101 of one position destroys, the air pressure of the bottom of lift car 2 is the process of a gradual change, makes lift car 2
Slowly decline.When the height of the bottom of lift car 2 is less than the position destroyed, the lower section of lift car 2 just forms one again
Individual confined space, lift car 2 can stop after one section of damped motion, so, will not be sent out all the time in the drop event of elevator
Raw rigid contact, personnel will not be formed and endangered.
The elevator hoistways 1 of the present embodiment Pneumatic elevation ladder are buffering hoistways 102 in lower end, if because aerating device occurs
Damage or lifting hoistway 101 bottom occur to destroy and used during elevator falling event occurs, when the bottom of lift car 2 is fallen into buffering
During hoistway 102, buffering hoistway 102 forms closed space with the bottom of lift car 2, air be present in space, so as to form
One air damping device, can protect the personnel in elevator not come to harm.In the Pneumatic elevation ladder of the present embodiment, buffering
Hoistway 102 is under the ground floor of building, and during elevator is run, abrasion, buffering will not be formed to buffering hoistway 102
The effect of hoistway 102 is to form air damping to accept the car to fall.
Embodiment 2
On the basis of above-described embodiment, the lift car 2 includes car housing 201 and is arranged on car housing 201
The weighing device of bottom, is provided with baroceptor in the confined space, the baroceptor and weighing device with it is described
Control device communication connection, the control device controls to be filled described in the data control transmitted according to weighing device, baroceptor
Device of air and means of deflation.
The weighing device includes being arranged on the cylindrical pressure sensor 203 of the bottom center of car housing 201 and is arranged on
Supporting plate 202 on cylindrical pressure sensor 203；
Weighing device is provided with the lift car 2 of the present embodiment, during personnel pass in and out, weighing device measurement is current
Loading capacity, and loading capacity is delivered to control device, baroceptor measures the air pressure in current confined space and will surveyed
The air pressure obtained is delivered to control device, and control device calculates according to loading capacity and current air pressure to be needed to inflate or needs are put
Gas,.
Cylindrical pressure sensor 203 in the lift car 2 of the present embodiment is arranged at the bottom plate center of lift car 2, and
And supporting plate 202 is provided with cylindrical pressure sensor 203, so when the personnel in elevator are in non-uniform Distribution state
When, weight can still be delivered to the center of the bottom plate of car housing 201 by supporting plate 202 by cylindrical pressure sensor 203, due to
The stress point of car housing 201 is all the time in the central point of bottom plate, therefore, car will not run-off the straight phenomenon, so as to car energy
Enough trouble-free operations.
The weighing device of the present embodiment can also use another way：The weighing device includes being arranged on car housing
The pulling force sensor of roof center and the cage being connected with the pulling force sensor.This mode can also weigh lift car
Load-carrying, while can also ensure the vertical of lift car.
Embodiment 3
On the basis of above-described embodiment, as shown in figures 2-3, brake apparatus is provided with the outside of the lift car, it is described
The position that elevator hoistways correspond to each floor sets position sensor, and the position sensor communicates with the control device,
The control device controls the brake apparatus according to the signal of position sensor.
The brake apparatus includes some sub- brake apparatus being circumferentially uniformly arranged along lift car 2, the sub- braking
Device includes electromagnet, spring 301 and arcuate brake piece 302；Groove is provided with the car housing 201 of the lift car 2,
Described one end of arcuate brake piece 302 is hinged in groove, the both ends of the spring 301 respectively with arcuate brake piece 302 and groove
Bottom surface is connected, and the electromagnet is arranged in trench bottom surfaces；When the solenoid is energized, the arcuate brake piece 302 is by adhesive, entirely
In groove, when electromagnet powers off, the arcuate brake piece 302 is ejected by spring 301, is bonded with the elevator hoistways 1 in portion.
First, when not installing brake apparatus, the rate adaptation lift car 2 that can be filled with or release by gas lifts
Speed and stop position, still, due to the damping characteristic of compressed gas, simple is filled with or releases by adjusting gas
Regulation palace level car 2 is stopped, it is impossible to the stop position of lift car 2 is accurately controlled, simultaneously as the damping of compressed gas
Characteristic, inevitably make lift car 2 that damped motion occur when stopping, make stop is time-consuming to increase, therefore, the present embodiment
Brake apparatus is provided with for lift car 2, the accurate location of lift car 2 is measured by position sensor and passes through brake apparatus
Control lift car 2 is accurate quickly to stop.
Secondly as when thinking to place article or disengaging personnel in lift car 2, the article in lift car 2 is total
Weight is the process of a mutation, and into confined space, the process of tonifying Qi or deflation is the process of a gradual change, therefore, is caused
In lift car 2 House item or when enter personnel it is possible that the situation that lift car 2 sinks suddenly, and extract
There is the situation that lift car 2 is flown up when walking out personnel in product, therefore, brake apparatus are set on elevator, ensure electricity
Stability of the ladder in upper and lower personnel and during picking and placeing goods.
In addition, the present embodiment there can also be another way of example, some brakings can be set on elevator hoistways 1
Device, and brake apparatus is set on elevator hoistways 1, it is necessary to set brake apparatus in the position of corresponding each floor, make this
The structure of the Pneumatic elevation ladder of embodiment becomes complicated, meanwhile, set brake apparatus to be also easy to cause elevator on elevator hoistways 1
Sealing property when car 2 occurs mutually to move with elevator hoistways 1 is deteriorated.Therefore, the present embodiment is used and set on lift car 2
Put the mode of brake apparatus.
The brake apparatus of the present embodiment can also use another way：Described elevator hoistways are ferromagnetic conduit, in institute
More than one Breake Electromagnet or magnet coil are provided with the car housing for the lift car stated.When needing braking, it is
Electromagnet or magnet coil are powered, when lift car be attached together with elevator hoistways, reach the purpose of braking.
Embodiment 4
On the basis of above-described embodiment, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the section of the elevator hoistways 1 is circular, lift car
Be provided with anti-rotation device 4 between elevator hoistways, the anti-rotation device 4 include it is described on elevator hoistways 2 along elevator hoistways 1
Axially arranged two guide chutes 403 and two guiding ribs 404 on lift car 2 are arranged on, the guide chute 403 and electricity
The lateral wall insulation connection in stair shaft road 1, the insulation of car housing 201 of the guiding rib 404 and the lift car 2 connect；It is described
Two guide chute 403 electrically connects with the both positive and negative polarity of power supply respectively, control device and lighting device in the lift car 2
Electrically connected with two guiding ribs 404.
In the present embodiment, the section of elevator hoistways 1 is circle, in order to prevent lift car 2 from rotating, causes elevator car
The door of the door in railway carriage or compartment 2 and elevator hoistways 1 can not be aligned, and two guiding ribs 404 are provided with the lift car 2 of the present embodiment, and
Two guide chutes 403 are provided with elevator hoistways 1, in such manner, it is possible to prevent lift car 2 from rotating.
In addition, rib 404 is directed in the present embodiment has wrapped up guiding rib insulation shell 402 with outside, chute 403 is directed to
Guide chute insulation shell 401 has also been wrapped up in outside, guiding rib 404 is insulated with lift car 2, guide chute 403 and elevator
Road 1 insulate, and is then connected the both positive and negative polarity of power supply with two guide chutes 403 respectively, so, the control dress in lift car 2
Put, lighting device etc. needs the device of power supply to connect from two guiding ribs 404 to form loop, so, avoid the need for list
The equipment such as cable hank are solely set, the structure of elevator is simply understood.
The guiding rib and guide chute of the present embodiment do not limit to two, but be the need for two guiding ribs and two are led
It is used for conduction to chute.
Embodiment 5
The elevator hoistways 1 of the present embodiment are ellipse or polygon, and oval or polygon hoistway makes elevator car
Railway carriage or compartment 2 only has the free degree to move up and down, need not be that lift car 2 sets guiding rib without rotary freedom, in the present embodiment
404, it is not required that for elevator hoistways 1, guide chute 403 is set.Therefore, the control dress in the lift car 2 in the present embodiment
Put, lighting device etc. needs the device of electricity consumption to need by cable and power electric connection, cable can be coiled in buffering hoistway 102
On the cable hank at bottom or the top of lifting hoistway 101, cable hank rotates with the lifting of lift car 2, with releasing or disk
Play cable.The position that cable hank in the present embodiment is set is preferably at the top of lifting hoistway 101, is made under lift car 2
Portion only exists gas, ensures state of the moment of lift car 2 all in safety.
The present embodiment also has a scheme similar to such scheme：Elevator hoistways 1 is circular, the outside of lift car 2
A piece guiding rib 404 is set, the guide chute 403 coordinated with guiding rib 404 is set in elevator hoistways 1, because lift car 2 exists
The free degree of rotation and vertical movement is only existed in elevator hoistways 1, even if an only guiding rib 404, can also make elevator car
The rotary freedom in railway carriage or compartment 2 is disappeared, and now, the electric supply installation in lift car 2 can not be connected to power supply by a guiding rib 404,
Therefore, it is also desirable to cable hank is set.
Embodiment 6
On the basis of above-described embodiment, the car top is provided with ventilating opening, and the top of elevator hoistways 1 is provided with
Air-exchanging chamber, the air-exchanging chamber connect with ambient atmosphere, two gas ports of the aerating device respectively with the lifting hoistway 101
Bottom connects with the air-exchanging chamber, two gas ports of the means of deflation respectively with the bottom of the lifting hoistway 101 and described
Air-exchanging chamber connects.
Because the bottom of lift car 2 and the sealing of elevator hoistways 1 coordinate, therefore, it may be desirable to avoid in lift car 2 and elevator
Dust is fallen between road 1, to reduce the frictional force between lift car 2 and elevator hoistways 1, also reduces lift car 2 and elevator
The abrasion of hoistway 1, therefore, the present embodiment set air-exchanging chamber at the top of elevator hoistways 1, when avoiding the elevator from rising or falling due to
The flowing of air brings dust in elevator hoistways 1 into.But due to the gas of the elevator hoistways 1 when rising or falling of lift car 2
Body handling capacity is big, and air-exchanging chamber can not can cause the air pressure of the top of lift car 2 big in time by gas discharge or timely make-up gas
In or less than atmospheric pressure, because the hoistway space in lift car 2 with the top of lift car 2 connects, elevator car is also resulted in
The air pressure in railway carriage or compartment 2 and atmospheric pressure, this health to occupant are unfavorable.Therefore, the present embodiment fills the inflation
Two gas ports put connect with the bottom of the lifting hoistway 101 and the air-exchanging chamber respectively, two gas of the means of deflation
Mouth connects with the bottom of the lifting hoistway 101 and the air-exchanging chamber respectively.When car rises, the gas for extracting air-exchanging chamber is mended
The gas of sealing space is filled, when cage descending, extracts the gas of the gas supplement air-exchanging chamber of sealing space.
Embodiment 7
On the basis of above-described embodiment, buffering hoistway 102 bottom connects faulty aerating device, slow for connecting
Rush on the pipeline of hoistway 102 and failure aerating device and be provided with check valve.The lower end of the lifting hoistway 101 is additionally provided with manually
Vent valve.
When lift car 2 falls, it may occur that after the stop motion of lift car 2, the bottom of lift car 2 and buffering
The phenomenon that hoistway 102 coordinates.When this happens, it is necessary to lift car 2 be improved again into hoistway 101 is lifted, so
After could normal operation.The present embodiment is buffering the bottom connected trouble aerating device of hoistway 102, is filled by failure aerating device
Gas, lift car 2 is brought up in buffering hoistway 102, it is simple in construction without being separately provided other mechanical devices, it is easy to use.
In addition, the situation for causing lift car 2 to provide protection when falling in order to avoid being damaged due to failure aerating device, this reality
Apply and check valve be set on the pipeline of example, so as to buffer in hoistway 102 can only inside make-up gas, and can not outside discharge gas,
The protective effect of buffering hoistway 102 is set to exist all the time.
When aerating device or elevator hoistways 1 destroy, pendant ladder occurs for lift car 2, due to the relation of gas pressure,
The meeting of lift car 2 stop motion after damped motion, still, the position of stop motion is uncontrollable, and therefore, the present embodiment exists
The lower end for lifting hoistway 101 sets Manual air-release valves, if the position that lift car 2 stops is not easy to succour the people in elevator
Member, vent valve can manually be deflated, lift car 2 is moved to suitable position, then in lift car 2
Personnel are succoured.
Embodiment 8
The present embodiment provides a kind of control method of Pneumatic elevation ladder described in any of the above-described embodiment, described control method
For：
1) load in current lift car is measured, and calculates the deadweight of driving current car and the upper boosting needed for load
Power or falling pressure；
2) current gas pressure of confined space is measured, calculates the pressure differential of current gas pressure and the unlifting pressure or falling pressure
Value；
3) it is inflated for deflated to control elevator to be moved upwardly or downwardly by control instruction；
4) judge whether elevator reaches destination, reach, stop, being not up to, then return to step 3；
The present embodiment Pneumatic elevation ladder control method, when being filled with air into confined space, air pressure gradually increases, when
When air pressure is more than lift car with the gravity summation of the people in car or article to the thrust of lift car, lift car rises,
Pressure now is unlifting pressure, when air pressure is less than the lift car and the people in car or article to the thrust of lift car
Gravity summation when, lift car decline, pressure now is falling pressure, according to above-mentioned principle, by into confined space
Gas is filled with or released, the raising and lowering of lift car can be driven.
Because the thrust and the summation of bearing capacity in lift car and car of confined space inner air pressure approach, work as elevator
When hoistway destroys, the process of one gradual change during gas pressure change in confined space, make lift car will not occur with
The rigid collision of other structures, so as to protect the safety of personnel in elevator.
Embodiment 9
The present embodiment provides the control method of another Pneumatic elevation ladder to each embodiment, and described control method is：
Measure the load in current lift car, and calculate driving current car deadweight and load needed for unlifting pressure
Or falling pressure；
The current gas pressure of confined space is measured, calculates the pressure differential of current gas pressure and the unlifting pressure or falling pressure
Value；
It is moved upwardly or downwardly by control instruction control elevator；
The gas flow for supplementing and being filled with or release required for the pressure difference value is calculated, is filled with or releases the gas of respective amount,
Brake apparatus is closed, control elevator is moved upwardly or downwardly；
Whether the position for measuring current lift car reaches predetermined floor；
Reach, slow down inflated for deflated speed；
Whether the position for measuring current lift car reaches destination, when lift car reaches target location, stops
It is inflated for deflated, brake apparatus is opened, control lift car stops at target location；
Wherein, during rising, predetermined floor=destination -1, during decline, predetermined floor=destination -1.
Destination in the present embodiment is the passenger floor to be reached, it follows that elevator car in the present embodiment
Railway carriage or compartment starts reducing speed putting forward preceding layer, makes the docking process of lift car become steady, meanwhile, it can also make to slow down elevator
The speed of car is also beneficial to the accurate of lift car stop position.
The present embodiment Pneumatic elevation ladder control method, when being filled with air into confined space, air pressure gradually increases, when
When air pressure is more than lift car with the gravity summation of the people in car or article to the thrust of lift car, lift car rises,
Pressure now is unlifting pressure, when air pressure is less than the lift car and the people in car or article to the thrust of lift car
Gravity summation when, lift car decline, pressure now is falling pressure, according to above-mentioned principle, by into confined space
Gas is filled with or released, the raising and lowering of lift car can be driven.
Because the thrust and the summation of bearing capacity in lift car and car of confined space inner air pressure approach, work as elevator
When hoistway destroys, the process of one gradual change during gas pressure change in confined space, make lift car will not occur with
The rigid collision of other structures, so as to protect the safety of personnel in elevator.
More than, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto is any to be familiar with sheet
Those skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, the change or replacement that can readily occur in should all be covered
Within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the protection domain that claim is defined.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of Pneumatic elevation ladder, including more than two layers of elevator hoistways, in elevator hoistways up and down the lift car of operation and
Control device, it is characterised in that：The lifting hoistway that the elevator hoistways include being wholely set, which eases up, rushes hoistway, the buffering hoistway
For positioned at the sealing hoistway of the lower end of the lifting hoistway；Wherein, lift hoistway upper end and be provided with blow vent, in the lifting hoistway
Lower end be connected with aerating device and means of deflation；Every layer of hoistway is provided with the elevator door of hermetic seal；
The seal section coordinated with the elevator hoistways hermetic seal is at least provided with the lift car bottom；In the elevator hoistways
Space less than the lift car bottom is confined space；
The control device is used for the startup and stopping for controlling the aerating device and means of deflation, so that lift car reaches finger
Fixed floor；
When the aerating device is inflated into confined space and reaches unlifting pressure, the lift car rises；Put when described
When device of air deflates to reach falling pressure out of described confined space, the lift car declines；
The car top is provided with ventilating opening, is provided with air-exchanging chamber at the top of the elevator hoistways, the air-exchanging chamber and the external world are big
Gas connects, and two gas ports of the aerating device connect with the bottom of the lifting hoistway and the air-exchanging chamber respectively, described to put
Two gas ports of device of air connect with the bottom of the lifting hoistway and the air-exchanging chamber respectively.
2. Pneumatic elevation ladder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The lift car is provided with the title for being used for weighing load-carrying
Refitting is put；Also include one and be used to measuring the baroceptor of pressure in the confined space, the baroceptor and weigh
Device connects with control device communication, the data that the control device control is transmitted according to weighing device, baroceptor
Control the aerating device and means of deflation.
3. Pneumatic elevation ladder as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The weighing device includes being arranged on car Housing Base
The cylindrical pressure sensor at center and the supporting plate being arranged on cylindrical pressure sensor；Or
The weighing device includes the pulling force sensor for being arranged on car cover top plate center and connected with the pulling force sensor
The cage connect.
4. Pneumatic elevation ladder as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Brake apparatus is provided with the outside of the lift car,
The position that the elevator hoistways correspond to each floor sets position sensor, and the position sensor leads to the control device
News, the control device control the brake apparatus according to the signal of position sensor.
5. Pneumatic elevation ladder as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：The brake apparatus includes circumferentially uniform along lift car
Some sub- brake apparatus set, the sub- brake apparatus include electromagnet, spring and arcuate brake piece；The lift car
Car housing on be provided with groove, described arcuate brake piece one end is hinged in groove, the both ends of the spring respectively with system
Moving plate is connected with trench bottom surfaces, and the electromagnet is arranged in trench bottom surfaces；When the solenoid is energized, the arcuate brake piece quilt
Adhesive, all in groove, when electromagnet powers off, the arcuate brake piece is ejected by spring, is bonded with the elevator hoistways；
Or, described elevator hoistways are ferromagnetic conduit, are provided with the car housing of described lift car more than one
Breake Electromagnet or magnet coil.
6. Pneumatic elevation ladder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The section of the elevator hoistways is circular, the elevator
Axis is provided with least a guiding rib or guide chute in hoistway wall, described guiding rib is corresponded on the lift car
Or guide chute is provided with guide chute or guiding rib, the guide chute is slidably matched with the guiding rib.
7. Pneumatic elevation ladder as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：Two described are oriented to are provided with the elevator hoistways to slide
Groove, two guiding ribs are provided with the lift car, and the lateral wall insulation connection of the guide chute and elevator hoistways is described to lead
Insulate and connect to the car housing of rib and the lift car；Both positive and negative polarity of two guide chutes respectively with power supply is electrically connected
Connect, the control device and lighting device in the lift car electrically connect with two guiding ribs.
8. Pneumatic elevation ladder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The buffering hoistway bottom is faulty by pipeline communication
Aerating device, check valve is provided with described pipeline；The lower end of the lifting hoistway is additionally provided with Manual air-release valves.
A kind of 9. control method of Pneumatic elevation ladder as described in claim 1-8 any claims, it is characterised in that：
Described control method is：
1) measure the load in current lift car, and calculate the deadweight of driving current car and unlifting pressure needed for load or
Falling pressure；
2) current gas pressure of confined space is measured, calculates current gas pressure and the unlifting pressure or the pressure difference value of falling pressure；
3) it is inflated for deflated to control elevator to be moved upwardly or downwardly by control instruction；
4) judge whether elevator reaches destination, reach, stop, being not up to, then return to step 3；
Or, described control method is：
Measure the load in current lift car, and calculate driving current car deadweight and load needed for unlifting pressure or under
Dropping force；
The current gas pressure of confined space is measured, calculates current gas pressure and the unlifting pressure or the pressure difference value of falling pressure；
It is moved upwardly or downwardly by control instruction control elevator；
The gas flow for supplementing and being filled with or release required for the pressure difference value is calculated, is filled with or releases the gas of respective amount, is closed
Brake apparatus, control elevator are moved upwardly or downwardly；
Whether the position for measuring current lift car reaches predetermined floor；
Reach, slow down inflated for deflated speed；
Whether the position for measuring current lift car reaches destination, when lift car reaches target location, stops inflation
Or deflate, brake apparatus is opened, control lift car stops at target location；
Wherein, during rising, predetermined floor=destination -1, during decline, predetermined floor=destination -1.
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| CN201610364649.0A CN105819309B (en) | 2016-05-27 | 2016-05-27 | Pneumatic elevation ladder and control method |
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| WO2021245455A1 (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2021-12-09 | Killakathu Ramanathan Babu | A guide rail-pillar system of pneumatic vacuum elevator and a method to operate the same |
| US11845633B2 (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2023-12-19 | Killakathu Ramanathan Babu | Overload valve assembly for a pneumatic vacuum elevator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2021245455A1 (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2021-12-09 | Killakathu Ramanathan Babu | A guide rail-pillar system of pneumatic vacuum elevator and a method to operate the same |
| US11845633B2 (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2023-12-19 | Killakathu Ramanathan Babu | Overload valve assembly for a pneumatic vacuum elevator |
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