CN115196466A - Safe pneumatic elevator - Google Patents

Safe pneumatic elevator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115196466A
CN115196466A CN202210695585.8A CN202210695585A CN115196466A CN 115196466 A CN115196466 A CN 115196466A CN 202210695585 A CN202210695585 A CN 202210695585A CN 115196466 A CN115196466 A CN 115196466A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
elevator
elevator car
pipeline
car
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202210695585.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈云桥
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to CN202210695585.8A priority Critical patent/CN115196466A/en
Publication of CN115196466A publication Critical patent/CN115196466A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B9/00—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B9/04—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures actuated pneumatically or hydraulically
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/34—Details, e.g. call counting devices, data transmission from car to control system, devices giving information to the control system
    • B66B1/3476—Load weighing or car passenger counting devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/34—Details, e.g. call counting devices, data transmission from car to control system, devices giving information to the control system
    • B66B1/3492—Position or motion detectors or driving means for the detector
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/02—Cages, i.e. cars
    • B66B11/0226—Constructional features, e.g. walls assembly, decorative panels, comfort equipment, thermal or sound insulation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/04—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals
    • B66B11/0423—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals actuated pneumatically or hydraulically
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/28—Buffer-stops for cars, cages, or skips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/28—Buffer-stops for cars, cages, or skips
    • B66B5/282—Structure thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B50/00—Energy efficient technologies in elevators, escalators and moving walkways, e.g. energy saving or recuperation technologies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a safe pneumatic elevator, which consists of an elevator shaft, an elevator car and a control system, wherein the elevator shaft is a sealed pipeline with a smooth inner wall, the elevator car is a metal cylinder, and a sealing device is arranged between the upper end and the lower end of the elevator car and the inner wall of the sealed pipeline to divide the sealed pipeline of the elevator shaft into an upper part and a lower part with air tightness; the lift car is driven to move up and down under the combined action of the pressure difference formed between the two parts of the pipeline and the gravity of the lift car; the pneumatic elevator greatly simplifies the mechanical and electrical structure, reduces the energy consumption, and the space below the elevator car is always kept with certain air pressure in the operation process of the pneumatic elevator, and the air pressure is rapidly increased along with the increase of the descending speed of the elevator car to generate braking force, so that the energy consumption can be greatly reduced, and the potential safety hazard of the falling elevator car can be fundamentally eliminated.

Description

Safe pneumatic elevator
Technical Field
The invention relates to an elevator, in particular to a safety elevator driven by gas pressure, which is used for vertically transporting people and goods between floors.
Background
At present, an elevator system is used for vertically transporting people and articles between floors, the elevator system mainly comprises a traction rope, a traction sheave, a car counterweight, a guide pulley, a motor, a reducer, a brake and the like, the car counterweight and the car are connected through the traction rope and are respectively wound on the guide pulley and the traction sheave, the motor drives the traction sheave to rotate through the speed change of the reducer, and the car moves up and down through the lifting motion of the traction sheave and the rope. Elevator systems currently in use have inherent drawbacks:
1. the elevator system has complex structure and consumes electricity: the existing elevator system comprises eight systems, namely a traction system, a guide system, a car, a door system, a weight balance system, an electric traction system, an electric control system and a safety protection system. The reliable operation of an electrical device and a mechanical device of the system is ensured, the reliability of the parts of the system is high, the installation requirement of the system is high, the system is frequently started and operated for a long time, and the electric energy consumption is high;
2. the elevator system occupies a large space: because the elevator car is used for counterweight, the reserved space on the back of the elevator greatly exceeds the space occupied by the elevator car, and the space occupied by the traction system and the electric traction system also needs to be reserved on the top of the elevator:
3. the safety performance is poor: complicated electric traction system and electric control system increase the fault rate of elevator system, consequently, need design one set of complicated safety protection system, including the elevator control, the overspeed governor, safety tongs buffer and buffering protection device, when using, the overspeed governor is the speed of monitoring control car at any time, when the overspeed condition appears, produces mechanical action and cuts off supply circuit, makes the hauler braking, if the elevator still can't brake then install the safety tongs action in the car bottom and force the car to stop, avoids taking place casualties and equipment damage accident. The safety protection system also needs to use a buffer for the elevator, a rope clamp and an overload protection device, the device acts on the car, the counterweight and the steel wire rope system to stop the elevator or reduce the speed of the elevator to be within the allowable range of the counterweight buffer, even if the elevator runs in failure, even if the elevator falls, the elevator sometimes happens to cause the safety accidents of casualties.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a safe pneumatic elevator which has a relatively simple system structure, occupies relatively less space, saves electric energy and has extremely high safety.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is provided:
a safe pneumatic elevator comprises an elevator shaft, an elevator car and a control system 3, wherein the elevator shaft is a sealed pipeline made of round metal with smooth inner wall, and the elevator car is a metal cylinder adaptive to the elevator shaft and positioned in the sealed pipeline; a sealing device is arranged between the upper end and the lower end of the cylindrical elevator car and the smooth inner wall of the round metal sealing pipeline to divide the sealing pipeline of the elevator shaft into an upper part and a lower part with air tightness; the elevator car is driven to move up and down by the combined action of the pressure difference formed between the two parts of the pipeline and the gravity of the elevator car; the control system controls the pressure difference of the two pipeline parts at the upper end and the lower end of the elevator car according to the total weight of the elevator car, so that the elevator car runs at specified acceleration and speed.
The safe pneumatic elevator comprises a sealing pipeline 1 and an elevator car 2, wherein the sealing pipeline 1 is a metal cylinder with a smooth inner wall, the elevator car 2 is of a cylindrical structure, and the outer diameter of the elevator car is matched with the inner diameter of the sealing pipeline 1; sealing rings 3 are arranged between the upper end and the lower end of the elevator car 2 and the smooth inner wall of the sealing pipeline 1, the sealing rings 3 divide the sealing pipeline 1 into an upper part and a lower part which are air-tight, the upper part is a vacuum chamber 7, and the lower part is a pressurizing chamber 8; the volumes of the vacuum chamber 7 and the compression chamber 8 change along with the ascending and descending of the cage 2; the top of the vacuum chamber 7 is provided with a vacuum pump 6 and a vacuum chamber air inlet valve 10, and the bottom of the compression chamber 8 is provided with a gas pressure pump 5 and a compression chamber pressure regulating valve 9; a brake device 11 with a position sensor is arranged on the side wall of the elevator cage 2; the elevator car 2 is operated under the combined action of the total weight of the elevator car 2 and the pressure difference between the vacuum chamber 7 and the compression chamber 8.
The control system comprises barometers arranged in the vacuum chamber 7 and the pressure chamber 8 and a weight inductor and a speedometer arranged in the elevator car 2, the pressure difference between the vacuum chamber 7 and the pressure chamber 8 is calculated according to the air pressure parameters in the vacuum chamber 7 and the pressure chamber 8 obtained by the barometers, the total weight of the elevator car 2 is measured according to the weight inductor, and the running speed of the elevator car 2 is obtained according to the speedometer.
The safe pneumatic elevator is characterized in that a hydraulic damping device and a buffering device are arranged above the gas pressurizing pump 5, and the buffering device is a spring buffering pad 4, so that the safety of the pneumatic elevator is further ensured.
The gas booster pump 5 and the vacuum pump 6 are arranged on the outer side walls of the upper end and the lower end of the sealed pipeline 1, so that the whole height of the sealed pipeline 1 is reduced, the height condition limitation of a building provided with the elevator is overcome, and the application range of the safe pneumatic elevator is enlarged.
The pneumatic elevator greatly simplifies mechanical and electrical structures, reduces energy consumption, and in the running process of the pneumatic elevator, the space below the elevator car is always kept at certain air pressure, and the air pressure is rapidly increased along with the increase of the descending speed of the elevator car to generate braking force, so that the energy consumption can be greatly reduced, and the potential safety hazard of the falling elevator car can be fundamentally eliminated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the safety pneumatic elevator of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of another embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein:
1 sealed pipeline, 2 elevator cars, 3 car sealing rings, 4 cushion pads, 5 gas pressure pumps, 6 vacuum pumps, 7 vacuum chambers, 8 pressure chambers, 9 pressure chamber pressure regulating valves, 10 vacuum chamber air inlet valves and 11 brake devices.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The safe pneumatic elevator can be roughly divided into 3 core parts of a sealed elevator shaft, an elevator car and a control system, wherein the elevator shaft is a round sealed pipeline with a smooth inner wall, and the elevator car is a cylinder adaptive to the elevator shaft and is positioned in the sealed pipeline; sealing rings are arranged between the upper end and the lower end of the cylindrical elevator car and the smooth inner wall of the circular sealing pipeline, and the air tightness of the pipeline part at the upper end and the lower end of the elevator car is ensured; the elevator car is driven to move up and down by utilizing the combined action of the pressure difference formed by the two pipeline parts at the upper end and the lower end of the elevator car and the gravity of the elevator car. The control system controls the pressure difference of the two pipeline parts at the upper end and the lower end of the elevator car according to the total weight of the elevator car, and controls the elevator car to run at a specified acceleration and speed.
The pneumatic elevator greatly simplifies the mechanical and electrical structure, reduces the energy consumption, and the space below the elevator car is always kept with certain air pressure in the operation process of the pneumatic elevator, and the air pressure is rapidly increased along with the increase of the descending speed of the elevator car to generate braking force, so that the energy consumption can be greatly reduced, and the potential safety hazard of the falling elevator car can be fundamentally eliminated.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the safety pneumatic elevator of the present invention; as shown in the figure, the safe pneumatic elevator comprises a sealing pipeline 1 and an elevator car 2, wherein the sealing pipeline 1 is a metal cylinder with a smooth inner wall, which is equivalent to a well of an elevator, the elevator car 2 is of a cylindrical structure, and the outer diameter of the elevator car 2 is matched with the inner diameter of the sealing pipeline 1, so that the elevator car 2 smoothly slides up and down in the sealing pipeline 1; sealing rings 3 are arranged between the upper end and the lower end of the elevator car 2 and the smooth inner wall of the sealing pipeline 1, the sealing pipeline 1 is divided into an upper part and a lower part with air tightness, and the upper part is a vacuum chamber 7. The lower part is a pressurizing chamber 8; as the car 2 ascends and descends, the volumes of the vacuum chamber 7 and the compression chamber 8 change; the top of the vacuum chamber 7 is provided with a vacuum pump 6 and a vacuum chamber air inlet valve 10; a gas pressure pump 5 and a pressure regulating valve 9 are provided at the bottom of a pressure chamber 8, and a brake device 11 including a position sensor is mounted on the side wall of the elevator car 2.
Initial state before start-up: the elevator cage 2 is at a certain floor, at this time, the vacuum pump 6 is started, so that the vacuum chamber 7 is in an initial vacuum state; a pressurizing chamber pressure regulating valve 9 of the pressurizing chamber 8 is communicated with the atmosphere, the pressurizing chamber 8 is in a state of one atmosphere, and a brake device 11 is started;
the elevator car 2 goes upwards: the pressure regulating valve 9 of the pressure chamber 8 is closed, the gas pressure pump 5 is started, the pressure of the pressure chamber 8 is increased, the pressure difference between the vacuum chamber 7 and the pressure chamber 8 drives the elevator car 2 to rise by overcoming the gravity, and the brake device 11 of the elevator car 2 is matched with the position sensor for use, so that the elevator car 2 is accurately leveled with a determined floor;
the elevator car 2 moves downwards: a vacuum chamber air inlet valve 10 of the vacuum chamber 7 is opened to communicate the vacuum chamber 7 with the atmosphere, a pressure regulating valve 9 of the pressure chamber is started to dynamically regulate the gas pressure of the pressure chamber 8, a brake device 11 of the elevator car 2 is released, and the elevator car 2 overcomes the pressure difference between the vacuum chamber 7 and the pressure chamber 8 to descend under the action of gravity;
in order to make the elevator car 2 run fast, safely and comfortably, the control system controls the starting acceleration and the running speed of the elevator car 2, the starting acceleration and the running speed depend on the relationship between two parameters, namely the pressure difference between the vacuum chamber 7 and the pressurizing chamber 8 and the total weight of the elevator car 2 (passengers), in order to obtain the pressure difference between the vacuum chamber 7 and the pressurizing chamber 8, barometers are respectively arranged in the vacuum chamber 7 and the pressurizing chamber 8, and the pressure difference between the vacuum chamber 7 and the pressurizing chamber 8 is calculated; meanwhile, a weight induction meter and a speedometer are arranged on the elevator cage 2, the weight induction meter arranged on a bottom plate of the elevator cage 2 obtains the weight of passengers, and the weight of the elevator cage 2 is obtained by adding the inherent weight of the elevator cage 2; controlling the working states of the gas pressure pump 5, the vacuum pump 6, the vacuum chamber air inlet valve 10 and the pressure chamber pressure regulating valve 9 according to the two parameters, and obtaining the preset starting acceleration and the running speed by matching; when the elevator car 2 ascends, the starting acceleration is obtained by subtracting the total weight of the elevator car 2 from the pressure difference between the vacuum chamber 7 and the pressurizing chamber 8 and dividing the total weight of the elevator car 2, the descending starting acceleration of the elevator car 2 is obtained by subtracting the pressure difference between the vacuum chamber 7 and the pressurizing chamber 8 from the total weight of the elevator car 2 and dividing the pressure difference between the vacuum chamber 7 and the pressurizing chamber 8 by the total weight of the elevator car 2, and after the speed reaches a certain speed, the total weight of the elevator car 2 and the pressure difference between the vacuum chamber 7 and the pressurizing chamber 8 are balanced to maintain the specified speed to run.
As the safety protection system of the safe pneumatic elevator, a certain pressure gas is always reserved because the pressure chamber 8 is not communicated with the atmosphere, so that the structure of the safety protection system can avoid the occurrence of a serious accident that the elevator cage 2 falls down; meanwhile, a hydraulic damping device and a buffering device are arranged above the gas pressurizing pump 5, and the buffering device is a spring buffering pad 4 as shown in the figure, so that the safety of the pneumatic elevator is further ensured.
The invention can also install the gas booster pump 5 and the vacuum pump 6 on the outer side walls of the upper and lower ends of the sealed pipeline 1, the structure reduces the whole height of the sealed pipeline 1, overcomes the height condition limitation of the building for installing the elevator and enlarges the application range of the safe pneumatic elevator.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A safe pneumatic elevator is characterized by comprising an elevator shaft, an elevator car and a control system 3, wherein the elevator shaft is a sealed pipeline made of round metal with smooth inner wall, and the elevator car is a metal cylinder adaptive to the elevator shaft and positioned in the sealed pipeline; a sealing device is arranged between the upper end and the lower end of the cylindrical elevator car and the smooth inner wall of the round metal sealing pipeline to divide the sealing pipeline of the elevator shaft into an upper part and a lower part with air tightness; the elevator car is driven to move up and down by the combined action of the pressure difference formed between the two parts of the pipeline and the gravity of the elevator car; the control system controls the pressure difference of the two pipeline parts at the upper end and the lower end of the elevator car according to the total weight of the elevator car, so that the elevator car runs at specified acceleration and speed.
2. A safety pneumatic elevator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the safe pneumatic elevator comprises a sealed pipeline (1) and an elevator car (2), wherein the sealed pipeline (1) is a metal cylinder with a smooth inner wall, the elevator car (2) is of a cylindrical structure, and the outer diameter of the elevator car is matched with the inner diameter of the sealed pipeline (1); sealing rings (3) are arranged between the upper end and the lower end of the elevator car (2) and the smooth inner wall of the sealing pipeline (1), the sealing rings (3) divide the sealing pipeline (1) into an upper part and a lower part which are air-tight, the upper part is a vacuum chamber (7), and the lower part is a pressurizing chamber (8); the volumes of the vacuum chamber (7) and the compression chamber (8) are changed along with the ascending and descending of the cage (2); the top of the vacuum chamber (7) is provided with a vacuum pump (6) and a vacuum chamber air inlet valve (10), and the bottom of the pressure chamber (8) is provided with a gas pressure pump (5) and a pressure chamber pressure regulating valve (9); the side wall of the elevator cage (2) is provided with a brake device (11) with a position sensor; the elevator car (2) runs under the combined action of the total weight of the elevator car (2) and the pressure difference between the vacuum chamber (7) and the pressurizing chamber (8).
3. A safety pneumatic elevator according to claim 2, characterized in that: the control system comprises air pressure meters arranged in a vacuum chamber (7) and a pressurizing chamber (8) and a weight induction meter and a speed meter arranged in the elevator car (2), wherein the pressure difference between the vacuum chamber (7) and the pressurizing chamber (8) is calculated according to air pressure parameters in the vacuum chamber (7) and the pressurizing chamber (8) obtained by the air pressure meters, the total weight of the elevator car (2) is measured according to the weight induction meter, and the running speed of the elevator car (2) is obtained according to the speed meter.
4. A safety pneumatic elevator as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the safe pneumatic elevator is characterized in that a hydraulic damping device and a buffering device are arranged above a gas pressurizing pump (5), and the buffering device is a spring buffering pad (4), so that the safety of the pneumatic elevator is further ensured.
5. A safety pneumatic escalator as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: the gas pressure pump (5) and the vacuum pump (6) are arranged on the outer side walls of the upper end and the lower end of the sealed pipeline (1), so that the overall height of the sealed pipeline (1) is reduced, the height condition limitation of a building for installing the elevator is overcome, and the application range of the safe pneumatic elevator is enlarged.
CN202210695585.8A 2022-06-20 2022-06-20 Safe pneumatic elevator Pending CN115196466A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210695585.8A CN115196466A (en) 2022-06-20 2022-06-20 Safe pneumatic elevator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210695585.8A CN115196466A (en) 2022-06-20 2022-06-20 Safe pneumatic elevator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115196466A true CN115196466A (en) 2022-10-18

Family

ID=83575761

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210695585.8A Pending CN115196466A (en) 2022-06-20 2022-06-20 Safe pneumatic elevator

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115196466A (en)

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