CN105817637A - Device for preparing nanometer powder through material melting pipe constraining electrical explosion method - Google Patents
Device for preparing nanometer powder through material melting pipe constraining electrical explosion method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105817637A CN105817637A CN201610245360.7A CN201610245360A CN105817637A CN 105817637 A CN105817637 A CN 105817637A CN 201610245360 A CN201610245360 A CN 201610245360A CN 105817637 A CN105817637 A CN 105817637A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/14—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes using electric discharge
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a device for preparing nanometer powder through a material melting pipe constraining electrical explosion method. An intake valve (18) and a vacuum pump (10) are arranged on an electrical explosion cavity (9). An electrical explosion device is mounted in the electrical explosion cavity (9). An electric motor (1) drives a reciprocating lead screw (6) to rotate so as to drive a lead screw nut (7) and a connecting body (12) fixed to the lead screw nut (7) to do reciprocating motion. Slurry (19) is conveyed into a groove in a material bearing rod (14) through a material guide pipe (15) by means of a feeder (5). A constraining pipe is formed between a constraining sleeve (4) and the material bearing rod (14). A parallel electrode (22) is mounted in an electrode seat (24). A capacitor C loads high voltage to an elastic electrode (17) and the parallel electrode (22). A large current is introduced into the slurry (19) to trigger an explosion. By the adoption of the device, the electrical explosion process can be performed continuously, and production efficiency is improved; electrical explosion happens in the constraining pipe, and a conductor material in the constraining pipe can obtain higher temperature and larger pressure easily; and the electrodes are replaced conveniently, and the degree of purity of powder can be guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nano powder preparing technical field, be specifically related to melt tubes of material constraint blasting and prepare nano powder device.
Background technology
It is in certain medium or vacuum that blasting prepares nano powder, conductor is applied high voltage, moment produces powerful pulse current, obtaining in the conductor short time after energy by solid state transformation is liquid, gaseous state, plasma state, its explosion product is high-speed sputtering under explosive forces effect, forms nanometer powder after freely cooling down.Blasting is prepared nanometer powder and is had energy conversion rate height, the advantages such as technological parameter is adjustable, free from environmental pollution, and suitable material is wide.
The blasting studied at present prepares Nano metal powder technology, and electric detonation method wiry is most commonly seen.When producing simple metal nanometer powder, it is common that electric detonation simple metal silk.And when preparing alloy nanoparticle, have following three kinds of methods: one is direct electric detonation B alloy wire, two is that many one metal wires apply heavy current electric detonation simultaneously, and three is to plate other metal of last layer on a kind of tinsel, then explodes.In actual production, some material for electric detonation synthesis is difficult to make thread, such as graphite, and the material used by electric detonation synthesis exists the most in the form of a powder, and it is wide compared with silk in the raw-material range of choice that powder is used for electric detonation synthesis.As, during with powder electric detonation synthesis alloy nano powder, being only homogenously mixed together by two or more metal dust, operating process relatively silk is simple, improves production efficiency.
When powder carries out electric detonation synthesis, powder conductor need to be made to spread on supporter so that big electric current imports with string-like form.Practice finds, when powder conductor makes wire, powder conductor must have enough its electric conductivity of amount guarantee.When carrying out electric detonation natural graphite powder synthesis nano-carbon powder under the initial voltage of U=8KV, when in unit length, the quality of graphite powder conductor is more than 0.32mg, the nano-sized carbon powder particle size of electric detonation synthesis is relatively big and particle size distribution range is wide, can not get preferable nano-powder.During this is because the quality of powder conductor is excessive in unit length, the energy density on powder conductor will certainly be reduced.Increase initial voltage and can improve the energy density on powder conductor, but when voltage exceedes certain value, conductive surface gas blanket premature breakdown, on powder conductor, the energy of deposition is obviously reduced, and electric detonation materials synthesis effect is undesirable.Visible, changing voltage and changing the energy density on powder conductor is infeasible when voltage exceedes certain limit.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one melt tubes of material constraint blasting prepare nano powder device.
The present invention is to melt tubes of material constraint blasting to prepare nano powder device, including electric detonation room and electro explosive device, wherein electro explosive device includes drive mechanism, feeder, explosive mechanisms, electro-motor 1 is arranged on outside electric detonation chamber 9 by movable sealing mechanism 2, reciprocal leading screw 6 is arranged in electric detonation chamber 9 by bearing block 3 and gripper shoe 8, feed screw nut 7 on reciprocal leading screw 6 drives connector 12 fixed thereon to move reciprocatingly, and material containing bar 14 is arranged in connector 12 after being fixed together by screw 23 and electrode tip holder 24；Passage 15 stretches into about in collar 4, boss on passage 15 contacts with spring 21 in about collar 4, passage 15 upper port extend in the discharging opening of dispenser 5, the lower port of passage 15 is deep into the surface of material containing bar groove, and slurry 19 passes through dispenser 5 again in passage 15 sends into material containing bar 14 groove；Parallel pole 22 is placed on material containing bar 14；Parallel pole 22 is arranged in electrode tip holder 24, is connected by hole axle between electrode tip holder 24 and vertical conductor 13, and electrode tip holder 24 is fastened in connector 12 by nut；High-pressure conductor 25, earth conductor 11 are connected with capacitor C two binding post respectively；Confinement tube is formed, it is possible to make slurry 19 conduct electricity when the material containing bar 14 being loaded with slurry 19 contacts with elastic electrode 17 and explode between material containing bar 14 and about collar 4.
The present invention, compared with background technology, has the beneficial effect that the described tubes of material constraint blasting that melts prepares nano powder device, and drive mechanism, feeder can ensure that conductor material settling out is sent into continuously, improve production efficiency；Electric detonation material is sent in material containing bar in a form of slurry, it is to avoid powder falls in electric detonation chamber during sending into material containing bar, and electric detonation produces the situation of bulky grain thing；Powder conductor spreads on material containing bar with string-like form, it is ensured that powder conductor reliably electric conductivity so that electric detonation process is continuous；Electric detonation occurs in confinement tube, and beneficially confinement tube internal conductor material obtains higher temperature, bigger pressure；Fixing high-field electrode have employed spring design, it is ensured that material containing bar is fully contacted with electrode, thus forms powerful pulse under action of high voltage, and low-field electrode is arranged in electrode tip holder, can be replaced according to powder conductor kind, it is ensured that the purity of powder.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall schematic of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the partial sectional view of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is confinement tube schematic diagram, reference and correspondence are entitled: electro-motor 1, movable sealing 2, bearing block 3, about collar 4, dispenser 5, reciprocal leading screw 6, feed screw nut 7, gripper shoe 8, electric detonation chamber 9, vacuum pump 10, earth conductor 11, connector 12, vertical conductor 13, material containing bar 14, passage 15, insulation sleeve 16, elastic electrode 17, intake valve 18, slurry 19, briquetting 20, stage clip 21, parallel pole 22, bolt 23, electrode tip holder 24, high-pressure conductor 25.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, the present invention is to melt tubes of material constraint blasting to prepare nano powder device, including electric detonation room and electro explosive device, wherein electro explosive device includes drive mechanism, feeder, explosive mechanisms, electro-motor 1 is arranged on outside electric detonation chamber 9 by movable sealing mechanism 2, reciprocal leading screw 6 is arranged in electric detonation chamber 9 by bearing block 3 and gripper shoe 8, feed screw nut 7 on reciprocal leading screw 6 drives connector 12 fixed thereon to move reciprocatingly, and material containing bar 14 is arranged in connector 12 after being fixed together by screw 23 and electrode tip holder 24；Passage 15 stretches into about in collar 4, boss on passage 15 contacts with spring 21 in about collar 4, passage 15 upper port extend in the discharging opening of dispenser 5, the lower port of passage 15 is deep into the surface of material containing bar groove, and slurry 19 passes through dispenser 5 again in passage 15 sends into material containing bar 14 groove；Parallel pole 22 is placed on material containing bar 14；Parallel pole 22 is arranged in electrode tip holder 24, is connected by hole axle between electrode tip holder 24 and vertical conductor 13, and electrode tip holder 24 is fastened in connector 12 by nut；High-pressure conductor 25, earth conductor 11 are connected with capacitor C two binding post respectively；Confinement tube is formed, it is possible to make slurry 19 conduct electricity when the material containing bar 14 being loaded with slurry 19 contacts with elastic electrode 17 and explode between material containing bar 14 and about collar 4.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, described drive mechanism includes electro-motor 1, reciprocal leading screw 6, feed screw nut 7, connector 12.Electro-motor 1 is arranged on outside electric detonation chamber 9 by movable sealing mechanism 2, reciprocal leading screw 6 is arranged in vacuum chamber 9 by bearing block 3 and gripper shoe 8, and electro-motor 1 orders about reciprocal leading screw 6 and rotates thus drive the feed screw nut 7 being arranged on reciprocal leading screw 6 to move reciprocatingly.Material containing bar 14 is arranged in connector after being fixed together by screw 23 and electrode tip holder 24, and feed screw nut 7 drives connector 12 fixed thereon to move reciprocatingly so that the material containing bar 14 being arranged in connector 12 moves reciprocatingly in about collar 4.
Such as Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, described feeder includes dispenser 5, passage 15, passage 5 stretches into about in collar 4, boss on passage 15 contacts with spring 21 in about collar 4, the lower port of passage 15 is deep into the surface of material containing bar 14 groove, passage 15 upper port extend in the discharging opening of dispenser 5, slurry 19 can be by dispenser 5 again in passage 15 sends into material containing bar 14 groove, when drive mechanism drives the parallel pole 22 being arranged in electrode tip holder to move to contact with passage 15 bottom, boss compression spring 21 on passage 15, passage 15 is moved upward, it is positioned at parallel pole 22 top.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, described explosive mechanisms includes high-pressure conductor 25, earth conductor 11, parallel pole 22, vertical conductor 13, elastic electrode 17, electrode tip holder 24, about collar 4, material containing bar 14.Parallel pole 22 is arranged in electrode tip holder 24, for ensureing the purity of powder, and can be according to slurry 19 variety exchanging parallel pole 22.Being connected by hole axle between electrode tip holder 24 and vertical conductor 13, electrode tip holder 24 is fastened in connector by nut.Vertical conductor 13 can move reciprocatingly along with the driving of connector 12 in the guide rail on earth conductor 11.Elastic electrode 17 is fixed by screws on high-pressure conductor 25, and about collar 4 is fixed by screws on elastic electrode 17.High-pressure conductor 25, earth conductor 11 are connected with capacitor C two binding post respectively.Forming confinement tube between material containing bar 14 and about collar 4, when the material containing bar 14 being loaded with slurry 19 contacts with elastic electrode 17, slurry 19 conducts electricity and explodes.
As it is shown in figure 1, described drive mechanism includes electro-motor 1, reciprocal leading screw 2, feed screw nut 3, connector 12；Reciprocal leading screw 6 drives connector 12 to move reciprocatingly thus drives material containing bar 14 to move reciprocatingly, and makes electric detonation process continuous.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, forming confinement tube between material containing bar 14 and about collar 4, slurry 19 carries in confinement tube；Confinement tube one end is closed, and one end open, powder outwards sprays from opening.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, powder is sent in confinement tube through passage 15 from dispenser 5 with the form of slurry 19.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, the elastic electrode 17 in described explosive mechanisms is fixed on high-pressure conductor 25, and elastic electrode 17 contacts with confinement tube；Parallel pole 22 is arranged in electrode tip holder 24, can change parallel pole 22 according to slurry 19 kind.
The implementation process of the present invention is: starts vacuum pump 10, to electric detonation chamber 9 evacuation, after evacuation, opens intake valve 18, be filled with argon in electric detonation chamber 9, when being charged to air pressure needed for electric detonation, closes intake valve.High voltage direct current generator H.V produces 10KV high pressure and charges capacitor C, after capacitor C charging complete, start electro-motor 1, electro-motor 1 orders about reciprocal leading screw 6 and rotates thus drive the feed screw nut 7 being arranged on reciprocal leading screw 6 to move reciprocatingly, feed screw nut 7 drives connector 12 fixed thereon to move reciprocatingly so that the material containing bar 14 being arranged in connector 12 moves reciprocatingly in about collar 4.Open dispenser 5 valve simultaneously, slurry 19 is uniformly fed in the groove of material containing bar 14 by passage 15, about form confinement tube between collar 4 and material containing bar 14 groove, when the material containing bar 14 equipped with slurry 19 is sent to the correct position between elastic electrode 17 and parallel pole 22, high voltage is loaded on elastic electrode 17 and parallel pole 22 by capacitor C, big electric current imports slurry 19, slurry 19 moment produces a large amount of Joule heats and causes blast, explosion product sprays along confinement tube opening, completes an electric detonation process.Slurry 19 often enters between elastic electrode 17 and parallel pole 22 electrode with regard to electric detonation once, can realize continuously-directional electric detonation.The powder producing blast is collected.
Claims (5)
1. melt tubes of material constraint blasting and prepare nano powder device, including electric detonation room and electro explosive device, wherein electro explosive device includes drive mechanism, feeder, explosive mechanisms, it is characterized in that: electro-motor (1) is arranged on electric detonation chamber (9) outward by movable sealing mechanism (2), reciprocal leading screw (6) is arranged in electric detonation chamber (9) by bearing block (3) and gripper shoe (8), feed screw nut (7) on reciprocal leading screw (6) drives connector (12) fixed thereon to move reciprocatingly, material containing bar (14) is arranged in connector (12) after being fixed together by screw (23) and electrode tip holder (24)；Passage (15) stretches into about in collar (4), boss on passage (15) contacts with spring (21) in about collar (4), passage (15) upper port extend in the discharging opening of dispenser (5), the lower port of passage (15) is deep into the surface of material containing bar groove, and slurry (19) passes through dispenser (5) again in passage (15) sends into material containing bar (14) groove；Parallel pole (22) is placed on material containing bar (14)；Parallel pole (22) is arranged in electrode tip holder (24), is connected by hole axle between electrode tip holder (24) and vertical conductor (13), and electrode tip holder (24) is fastened in connector (12) by nut；High-pressure conductor (25), earth conductor (11) are connected with capacitor C two binding post respectively；Confinement tube is formed, it is possible to make slurry (19) conduction explode when the material containing bar (14) being loaded with slurry (19) contacts with elastic electrode (17) between material containing bar (14) and about collar (4).
The tubes of material constraint blasting that melts the most according to claim 1 prepares nano powder device, it is characterised in that: described drive mechanism includes electro-motor (1), reciprocal leading screw (2), feed screw nut (3), connector (12)；Reciprocal leading screw (6) drives connector (12) to move reciprocatingly thus drives material containing bar (14) to move reciprocatingly, and makes electric detonation process continuous.
The tubes of material constraint blasting that melts the most according to claim 1 prepares nano powder device, it is characterised in that: forming confinement tube between material containing bar (14) and about collar (4), slurry (19) carries in confinement tube；Confinement tube one end is closed, and one end open, powder outwards sprays from opening.
The tubes of material constraint blasting that melts the most according to claim 1 prepares nano powder device, it is characterised in that: powder with the form of slurry (19) from dispenser (5) in passage (15) sends into confinement tube.
The tubes of material constraint blasting that melts the most according to claim 1 prepares nano powder device, it is characterised in that: the elastic electrode (17) in described explosive mechanisms is fixed on high-pressure conductor (25), and elastic electrode (17) contacts with confinement tube；Parallel pole (22) is arranged in electrode tip holder (24), can change parallel pole (22) according to slurry (19) kind.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610245360.7A CN105817637B (en) | 2016-04-20 | 2016-04-20 | Device for preparing nano powder by ablation material tube restraint electric explosion method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610245360.7A CN105817637B (en) | 2016-04-20 | 2016-04-20 | Device for preparing nano powder by ablation material tube restraint electric explosion method |
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| CN105817637A true CN105817637A (en) | 2016-08-03 |
| CN105817637B CN105817637B (en) | 2021-01-26 |
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| CN201610245360.7A Expired - Fee Related CN105817637B (en) | 2016-04-20 | 2016-04-20 | Device for preparing nano powder by ablation material tube restraint electric explosion method |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN110255530A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-09-20 | 兰州理工大学 | A kind of device of constraint electric detonation graphite preparation low-dimensional nano-sized carbon |
| CN114750426A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-07-15 | 兰州理工大学 | Silk carrying belt preparation device and preparation method |
| CN114804086A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-07-29 | 兰州理工大学 | Device and method for continuously preparing graphene by powder-carrying constrained electric explosion method |
| CN115044855A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-09-13 | 兰州理工大学 | Electric explosion spraying device |
| CN118561282A (en) * | 2024-08-05 | 2024-08-30 | 甘肃宁氏实业有限责任公司 | Device and process for preparing nano silicon powder by electric explosion |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110255530A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-09-20 | 兰州理工大学 | A kind of device of constraint electric detonation graphite preparation low-dimensional nano-sized carbon |
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| CN114750426A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-07-15 | 兰州理工大学 | Silk carrying belt preparation device and preparation method |
| CN118561282A (en) * | 2024-08-05 | 2024-08-30 | 甘肃宁氏实业有限责任公司 | Device and process for preparing nano silicon powder by electric explosion |
| CN118561282B (en) * | 2024-08-05 | 2024-10-01 | 甘肃宁氏实业有限责任公司 | Device and process for preparing nano silicon powder by electric explosion |
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