CN110255530B - Device for preparing low-dimensional nano carbon by restraining electric explosion graphite - Google Patents
Device for preparing low-dimensional nano carbon by restraining electric explosion graphite Download PDFInfo
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- CN110255530B CN110255530B CN201910550654.4A CN201910550654A CN110255530B CN 110255530 B CN110255530 B CN 110255530B CN 201910550654 A CN201910550654 A CN 201910550654A CN 110255530 B CN110255530 B CN 110255530B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for preparing low-dimensional nano carbon by restraining electric explosion graphite, which comprises a discharge electrode, a movable electrode body, a restraint body, a material loading chain plate, a feeding mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a positioning mechanism, wherein the discharge electrode, the movable electrode body, the restraint body, the material loading chain plate, the feeding mechanism, the transmission mechanism and the positioning mechanism are arranged in an electric explosion chamber; one end of the discharge electrode is fixed on the side wall of the electric explosion chamber through an insulating flange, and the other end of the discharge electrode is arranged on the restraint body; the movable electrode body is arranged on the transmission mechanism and driven by the reciprocating screw rod to do reciprocating motion; the constraint tubes are arranged in the material loading chain plates, and graphite slurry can be loaded through the feeding mechanism; the restraint body is provided with a chain wheel shaft, and the chain wheel shaft is provided with a chain wheel and a material carrying chain plate; the positioning mechanism defines the movement position of the chain wheel. The invention adopts the movable electrode as the loop switch, which not only reduces the difficulty of controlling the electric explosion process, but also can control the restraint tube to push in or pull out the restraint hole; the semi-solid graphite slurry can effectively buffer mechanical vibration generated during working, and the conductivity of the semi-solid graphite slurry is not damaged; the constraint tube has good interchangeability, and can effectively prolong the service life of the device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric explosion powder making devices, and particularly relates to a device for preparing low-dimensional nano carbon by restraining electric explosion graphite.
Background
At present, the demand of the nano carbon material in the fields of new energy batteries, biomedicine, metal protection and the like is continuously increasing. However, the development of the related products of the nano carbon material in the market is severely restricted due to the insufficient productivity of the low-dimensional nano carbon and the high market cost.
Compared with the traditional pulverizing technology, the electric explosion pulverizing technology developed in recent years has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, convenient adjustment of technological parameters, strong universality, uniform granularity of prepared products, high purity and the like, so that the electric explosion pulverizing technology has great commercial value and application potential in the aspect of nanometer material preparation. At present, a device for preparing the nano carbon by continuously restraining the electric explosion graphite in a powder stacking way exists in the aspect of preparing the nano carbon by the restraint electric explosion method, but the device has lower productivity, low stability, short service life and high cost in the continuous electric explosion process. Based on the method, a set of device for preparing the low-dimensional nano carbon by continuous constraint electric explosion graphite is designed, so that the current situations of high cost and low productivity can be broken, and the device for preparing the low-dimensional nano carbon by continuous constraint electric explosion graphite is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects pointed out in the background art, the invention provides a device for preparing low-dimensional nano carbon by restraining electric explosion graphite, which aims to solve the problems of lower productivity, low stability, short service life and high cost of the prior device for preparing nano carbon by restraining electric explosion graphite in the continuous electric explosion process.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the device for preparing the low-dimensional nano carbon by restraining the electric explosion graphite comprises a discharge electrode, a movable electrode body, a restraint body, a material loading chain plate, a feeding mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a positioning mechanism which are arranged in an electric explosion chamber, wherein the feeding end of the feeding mechanism is arranged outside the electric explosion chamber, and the feeding end of the feeding mechanism is arranged in the electric explosion chamber;
the discharging electrode comprises a low-voltage electrode and a high-voltage electrode, an insulating sleeve is sleeved outside the high-voltage electrode, the low-voltage electrode is sleeved outside the insulating sleeve, one ends of the low-voltage electrode and the high-voltage electrode are fixed on the side wall of the electric explosion chamber through an insulating flange, the other ends of the low-voltage electrode and the high-voltage electrode are arranged on the restraint body, and a capacitor is connected between the high-voltage electrode and the high-voltage electrode; the upper end of the movable electrode body is fixed with a high-voltage electrode tip, the lower end of the movable electrode body is fixed with a low-voltage electrode tip, the low-voltage electrode tip is opposite to a high-voltage electrode tip arranged on the restraint body, and the free end of the high-voltage electrode tip is provided with a pagoda-shaped annular groove;
the material loading chain plate comprises chain links, chain link buckles and constraint pipes, wherein the chain link buckles are arranged on the chain links, the constraint pipes are clamped in the chain link buckles, and graphite slurry is loaded in the constraint pipes through a feeding end of the feeding mechanism;
the transmission mechanism comprises a motor, a universal coupling, a reciprocating screw rod, a pole carrying slide block, a clutch chuck, a poking tooth and a sprocket, wherein an output shaft of the motor is connected with the universal coupling, the universal coupling is connected with one end of the reciprocating screw rod, the other end of the reciprocating screw rod is arranged on the constraint body after passing through a through hole on the pole carrying slide block, the pole carrying slide block is provided with a through hole for inserting an insulating sleeve, and the pole carrying slide block is in sliding connection with the insulating sleeve; the clutch type chuck and the shifting teeth are arranged on the reciprocating screw rod, the clutch type chuck controls the shifting teeth to rotate, the shifting teeth are connected with the chain wheel, and the chain wheel is arranged on the constraint body after the chain links are mounted through a chain wheel shaft; the sprocket is limited by a positioning mechanism.
As the preferable technical scheme, clutch formula chuck includes card needle, card needle spring and chuck nut, clutch formula chuck is circular, be equipped with on the circular clutch formula chuck about the counter bore of centre of a circle symmetry, the card needle passes through chuck nut pressure equipment in the counter bore, cup jointed card needle spring on the card needle, the card needle is stirred dial the tooth and is rotated.
As the preferable technical scheme, positioning mechanism includes gyro wheel, torsional spring, location arm fork and location base, the location base is fixed in the electric explosion room top, location arm fork one end cooperation torsional spring is installed on the location base, the other end installation gyro wheel, the gyro wheel joint in on the sprocket.
As the preferable technical scheme, the movable electrode body is in an inverted L shape, a through hole is formed in the upper end of the movable electrode body, an electrode spring is sleeved on the high-voltage electrode tip and then inserted into the through hole to form sliding fit with the movable electrode body, the tail end of the high-voltage electrode tip is fixed to the movable electrode body through a nut, and the high-voltage electrode tip is in threaded connection with the lower end of the movable electrode body.
As the preferable technical scheme, the restraint pipe is the polyethylene material, the feed end of restraint pipe is echelonment, overcoat silica gel head, the pagoda form annular groove of high voltage electrode point can stretch into the restraint pipe and cooperate silica gel head and restraint pipe feed end to constitute airtight structure, be equipped with the through-hole that loads graphite thick liquids in the restraint pipe.
Compared with the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: compared with the carbon powder of the stacking material, the graphite slurry (the graphite powder and the lubricating oil are uniformly mixed according to the proportion) adopted by the invention can effectively buffer the mechanical vibration caused by the operation of the device, and ensure that the conductivity of the device is not damaged. The device adopts the movable electrode as a loop switch, so that the difficulty in controlling the electric explosion process is reduced, and the restraint tube can be controlled to push into or pull out of the restraint hole. The inner wall of the constraint tube after electric explosion can generate ablation phenomenon, the constraint tube adopted in the device has good interchangeability, and the service life of the device can be automatically replaced according to the wearing condition.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for preparing low-dimensional nano carbon by restraining electric explosion graphite according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile electrode body according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a loading chain plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a part of a transmission mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a motor, a 2-sprocket wheel, a 3-explosion chamber, a 4-positioning mechanism, a 5-sprocket wheel shaft, a 6-feeding device, a 7-movable electrode body, an 8-restraining tube, a 9-chain link buckle, a 10-restraining body, 11-graphite slurry, a 12-insulating flange, a 13-low voltage electrode, a 14-insulating sleeve, a 15-high voltage electrode, a 16-vacuum valve, a 17-pole-carrying slider, a 18-lead screw nut, a 19-chain link, a 20-reciprocating lead screw, a 21-clutch chuck, a 22-argon valve, a 23-tooth-pulling device, a 24-universal coupler, a 25-clamping needle, a 26-clamping needle spring, a 27-clamping chuck nut, a 28-high voltage electrode tip, a 29-electrode spring, a 30-voltage electrode tip, a 31-rivet, a 32-roller, a 33-torsion spring, a 34-positioning arm fork, a 35-positioning base and a 36-silica gel head.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a device for preparing low-dimensional nano carbon by restraining electric explosion graphite comprises a discharge electrode, a movable electrode body 7, a restraint body 10, a material loading chain plate, a feeding mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a positioning mechanism which are arranged in an electric explosion chamber 3, wherein the feeding end of the feeding mechanism is arranged outside the electric explosion chamber 3, and the feeding end of the feeding mechanism is arranged in the electric explosion chamber 3 to load graphite slurry into a restraint tube 8; the side wall of the electric explosion chamber 3 is provided with a window observation port and a functional interface, the top of the electric explosion chamber 3 is provided with a movable sealing cover, the electric explosion chamber 3 is of a columnar shell structure made of stainless steel, and the side wall of the electric explosion chamber 3 is provided with a vacuum valve 16 and an argon valve 22.
The discharge electrode comprises a high-voltage electrode 13 and a high-voltage electrode 15, the high-voltage electrode 15 is a solid copper bar, the low-voltage electrode 13 is a necked flange copper pipe, and the high-voltage electrode 15 is sleeved with an insulating sleeve 14 and then sleeved with the necked flange copper pipe. One end of the high-voltage electrode 13 and one end of the high-voltage electrode 15 are fixed on the side wall of the electric explosion chamber 3 through the insulating flange 12, and the other end of the high-voltage electrode is inserted into a through hole on the pole carrying slider 17 through the insulating sleeve 14 to realize sliding connection. A capacitor is connected between the high-voltage electrode 15 and the high-voltage electrode 13, high-voltage current is connected to the high-voltage electrode 15, and the high-voltage electrode 13 is grounded.
Referring to fig. 2, the movable electrode body 7 is of an inverted L shape, a through hole to which a high voltage electrode tip 28 is fixed is provided at the upper end of the movable electrode body 7, an electrode spring 29 is sleeved on the high voltage electrode tip 28 and then inserted into the through hole to be fixed by a nut, the movable electrode body 7 is connected with a low voltage electrode tip 30 by screw threads, the low voltage electrode tip 30 is opposite to the end of the high voltage electrode 15 mounted on the restraint body 10, and the low voltage electrode tip 30 can be intermittently connected with the high voltage electrode 15 during the reciprocating movement of the movable electrode body 7. The free end of the high voltage electrode tip 28 is provided as a pagoda-shaped recess for buffering the high voltage generated when the containment tube 8 is electrically exploded.
With reference to fig. 3, the chain link buckle 9 is riveted on the chain link 19 by a rivet 31, and the restraint pipe 8 is clamped in the chain link buckle 9. The restraint tube 8 is made of polyethylene, the feeding end of the restraint tube 8 is in a ladder shape, the groove of the high-voltage electrode tip 28 can be sleeved at the ladder-shaped end of the restraint tube 8, and a through hole for loading graphite slurry is formed in the restraint tube 8; the chain link buckle 9 provided with the feeding end of the restraint tube 8 is internally provided with an inner edge which is used for realizing the separation of the restraint tube 8 and the high-voltage electrode tip 28 after the high-voltage electrode tip 28 on the movable electrode body 7 drags the restraint tube 8 to withdraw from the restraint body 10.
The structure of the transmission mechanism refers to fig. 4, and the transmission mechanism comprises a motor 1, a universal coupling 24, a reciprocating screw 20, a pole-carrying slide block 17, a clutch chuck 21, a shifting tooth 23 and a chain wheel 2, wherein the motor 1 is arranged outside an electric explosion chamber 3, an output shaft of the motor 1 is connected with the universal coupling 24, the universal coupling 24 is connected with one end of the reciprocating screw 20, the other end of the reciprocating screw 20 passes through a through hole on the pole-carrying slide block 17 and then is arranged on a constraint body 10, the pole-carrying slide block 17 is arranged on a screw nut 18 by using a jackscrew, the clutch chuck 21 and the shifting tooth 23 are arranged on the reciprocating screw 20, the clutch chuck 21 controls the shifting tooth 23 to rotate, the shifting tooth 23 is connected with the chain wheel 2, the chain wheel 2 is arranged on a chain wheel shaft 5 by a key and a pin, and the chain wheel shaft 5 is arranged on the constraint body 10 after a chain link 19 is mounted. The clutch chuck 21 comprises a clamping needle 25, a clamping needle spring 26 and a chuck nut 27, the clutch chuck 21 is circular, counter bores symmetrical to the circle center are formed in the circular clutch chuck 21, the clamping needle 25 is pressed into the counter bores through the chuck nut 27, the clamping needle spring 26 is sleeved on the clamping needle 25, and the clamping needle 25 drives the shifting teeth 23 to rotate.
Referring to fig. 5, a positioning base 35 is fixed at the top of the electric explosion chamber 3, one end of a positioning arm fork 34 is mounted on the positioning base 35 in cooperation with a torsion spring 33, a roller 32 is mounted at the other end of the positioning arm fork 34, and the roller 32 is clamped on the sprocket 2. The torsion spring 33 instantly restores to the initial state after the sprocket 2 rotates, and prevents the chain from driving the sprocket 2 to move continuously due to inertia, thereby realizing the positioning of the sprocket 2.
Working principle:
the motor 1 transmits torsion to the reciprocating screw 20 through the universal joint coupling 24, and the screw nut 18 and the pole-carrying slide block 17 mounted on the screw nut realize pushing and returning under the rotation of the reciprocating screw 20. During the pushing process, the high-voltage electrode tip 28 pushes the restraint tube 8 which is mounted on the chain link buckle 9 and carries the graphite slurry 11 into the restraint body 10, and the feeding mechanism 6 is responsible for feeding the restraint tube 8. When the end of the restraining tube 8 is in contact with the electrode 13, and when the gas gap meets the discharge requirement, the capacitor C loads a large current to the graphite slurry 11 through the high-voltage electrode 15 and the movable electrode body 7 to realize electric explosion. Because one end of the constraint tube 8 and the high-voltage electrode tip 28 form a closed structure, the products after electric explosion are sprayed out from the tail end of the constraint tube 8, the high-voltage electrode tip 28 drags the constraint tube 8 to leave the constraint body 10 and enter the chain link buckle 9 when the lead screw nut 18 returns, until the high-voltage electrode tip 28 is separated from the constraint tube 8, the pole carrying slider 17 acts with the clutch chuck 21 arranged on the reciprocating lead screw 20, the pole carrying slider 17 pushes the clamping needle 25, the clamping needle spring 26 is pressed, one end of the clamping needle 25 is pressed out of the clutch chuck 21 and interacts with a boss on the poking tooth 23 to drive the poking tooth 23 to work, the poking tooth 23 pokes the chain wheel 2, so that the carrying chain moves to the next electric explosion position, and the positioning mechanism 4 can effectively prevent the chain from moving inertially to enable the chain wheel 2 to deviate from the preset position.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The device for preparing the low-dimensional nano carbon by restraining the electric explosion graphite is characterized by comprising a discharge electrode, a movable electrode body, a restraint body, a material carrying chain plate, a feeding mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a positioning mechanism which are arranged in an electric explosion chamber, wherein the feeding end of the feeding mechanism is arranged outside the electric explosion chamber, and the feeding end of the feeding mechanism is arranged in the electric explosion chamber;
the discharging electrode comprises a low-voltage electrode and a high-voltage electrode, an insulating sleeve is sleeved outside the high-voltage electrode, the low-voltage electrode is sleeved outside the insulating sleeve, one ends of the low-voltage electrode and the high-voltage electrode are fixed on the side wall of the electric explosion chamber through an insulating flange, the other ends of the low-voltage electrode and the high-voltage electrode are arranged on the restraint body, and a capacitor is connected between the high-voltage electrode and the high-voltage electrode; the upper end of the movable electrode body is fixed with a high-voltage electrode tip, the lower end of the movable electrode body is fixed with a low-voltage electrode tip, the low-voltage electrode tip is opposite to a high-voltage electrode tip arranged on the restraint body, and the free end of the high-voltage electrode tip is provided with a pagoda-shaped annular groove;
the material loading chain plate comprises chain links, chain link buckles and constraint pipes, wherein the chain link buckles are arranged on the chain links, the constraint pipes are arranged in the chain link buckles, and the constraint pipes load graphite slurry through a feeding end of the feeding mechanism;
the transmission mechanism comprises a motor, a universal coupling, a reciprocating screw rod, a pole carrying slide block, a clutch chuck, a poking tooth and a sprocket, wherein an output shaft of the motor is connected with the universal coupling, the universal coupling is connected with one end of the reciprocating screw rod, the other end of the reciprocating screw rod is arranged on the constraint body after passing through a through hole on the pole carrying slide block, the pole carrying slide block is provided with a through hole for inserting an insulating sleeve, and the pole carrying slide block is in sliding connection with the insulating sleeve; the clutch type chuck and the shifting teeth are arranged on the reciprocating screw rod, the clutch type chuck controls the shifting teeth to rotate, the shifting teeth are connected with the chain wheel, and the chain wheel is arranged on the constraint body after the chain links are mounted through a chain wheel shaft; the chain wheel is limited by a positioning mechanism;
the movable electrode body is of an inverted L shape, a through hole is formed in the upper end of the movable electrode body, the high-voltage electrode tip is sleeved with an electrode spring and then inserted into the through hole to form sliding fit with the movable electrode body, the tail end of the high-voltage electrode tip is fixed to the movable electrode body through a nut, and the high-voltage electrode tip is in threaded connection with the lower end of the movable electrode body.
2. The device for preparing low-dimensional nano carbon by restraining electric explosion graphite according to claim 1, wherein the clutch type chuck comprises a clamping needle, a clamping needle spring and a chuck nut, the clutch type chuck is circular, counter bores symmetrical with respect to the circle center are formed in the circular clutch type chuck, the clamping needle is pressed into the counter bores through the chuck nut, the clamping needle spring is sleeved on the clamping needle, and the clamping needle drives the poking teeth to rotate.
3. The device for preparing low-dimensional nano carbon by restraining electric explosion graphite according to claim 1, wherein the positioning mechanism comprises a roller, a torsion spring, a positioning arm fork and a positioning base, the positioning base is fixed at the top of the electric explosion chamber, one end of the positioning arm fork is matched with the torsion spring to be installed on the positioning base, the roller is installed at the other end of the positioning arm fork, and the roller is clamped on the chain wheel.
4. The device for preparing low-dimensional nano carbon by using constraint electric explosion graphite as set forth in claim 1, wherein the constraint tube is made of polyethylene, a feeding end of the constraint tube is stepped, a silica gel head is sleeved outside the constraint tube, a pagoda-shaped annular groove of the high-voltage electrode tip can extend into the constraint tube and form a closed structure by matching the silica gel head with the feeding end of the constraint tube, and a through hole for loading graphite slurry is arranged in the constraint tube.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910550654.4A CN110255530B (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2019-06-24 | Device for preparing low-dimensional nano carbon by restraining electric explosion graphite |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910550654.4A CN110255530B (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2019-06-24 | Device for preparing low-dimensional nano carbon by restraining electric explosion graphite |
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| CN110255530A CN110255530A (en) | 2019-09-20 |
| CN110255530B true CN110255530B (en) | 2023-06-23 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
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| CN114905684B (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2024-08-16 | 兰州理工大学 | Preparation method and device of polyethylene loaded powder |
| CN114804086B (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2024-01-26 | 兰州理工大学 | Device and method for continuously preparing graphene by powder-carrying constrained electric explosion method |
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