CN105815708B - Preparation method and applications rich in pectin, the citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder of general flavone - Google Patents
Preparation method and applications rich in pectin, the citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder of general flavone Download PDFInfo
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- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
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Abstract
Citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder is prepared by predrying, drying, precomminution and crushing in the preparation method rich in pectin, the citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder of general flavone that the present invention provides a kind of, this method.Pectin, general flavone content in citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder prepared by the present invention are respectively 80% and 85% of fresh citrus peel residue or more, largely remain the effective active matters such as pectin, the general flavone in fresh citrus peel residue, and it is easy to operate, added value is high.Since the partial size of citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder prepared by the present invention is small, thus when being dissolved in water and other solvents, solution is rendered as transparence, it is thus possible to be applied to food processing, the configuration of medical research and cosmetics well.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Manufacture Techniques of Ultrafine Powders fields, more specifically, are related to the orange peel rich in pectin, general flavone
The preparation method and applications of residues ultramicro powder.
Background technique
Citrus peel residue is the waste that citrus generates in edible or food processing process.The water content of citrus peel residue can
Reach 80% or more, and the nutriments such as citrus peel residue protein rich in, fat, saccharide compound and microelement,
Wherein, content of the pectin in citrus peel residue is more than 20%.
Pectin it is widely used, dairy products processing in, pectin is typically used as gelling agent, thickener, stabilizer, suspension
Agent, emulsifier and flavouring synergist etc., such as pulp, jelly, candy, baby food, ice cream and fruit juice stabilizer and
Yolk emulsifier and thickener；In medical industry, pectin is good antidote and the prevention of the metal poisonings such as lead, mercury and cobalt
Agent, and be the raw material of laxative, dextran, hemostat, meanwhile, pectin also has adjuvant treatment diabetes, and it is solid to reduce blood glucose gallbladder
Alcohol and the effect for extending antibiotic；In textile industry, pectin can replace starch to make lubricant, and not need other auxiliary
Agent；In the electronics industry, pectin can be used as cleaning agent；In oil drilling, pectin can be as oil-water emulsion agent etc.；Simultaneously
Pectin can be used for cosmetics, to protection skin, prevents ultraviolet radiation, treats wound, beautifying face and moistering lotion etc. has certain work
With.Flavone compound also less containing content in citrus peel residue, since flavone compound is a kind of spy in citrus peel residue
Some active constituents, therefore its purposes is also very much.Flavones is a kind of very strong antioxidant, and it is free can effectively to remove intracorporal oxygen
Base, this antioxidation can prevent the degeneration of cell, aging, can also prevent the generation of cancer；Flavones also has improvement
The effects of blood circulation reduces cholesterol, promotes wound healing and analgesic.
Since citrus peel residue water content is larger, thus, citrus peel residue easily rots to foul, if not being used, not only ring
Border causes greatly to pollute, but also waste of resource.Currently, being concentrated mainly on life to the processing of citrus peel residue and utilization both at home and abroad
Produce several aspects such as fertilizer, effective component extracting, high temperature drying and production feed.Citrus peel residue high-temperature anaerobic fermentation produces fertilizer
When, there is the problems such as land occupation is big, the time is long, fertilizer efficiency is not high and economic interests are not very obvious.It is extracted from fresh citrus peel residue fragrant
When the effective components such as essential oil, pectin, flavone compound, since the investment of equipment is high, treating capacity is small, thus a large amount of mandarin oranges are affected
The quick processing of orange peel slag.When high temperature drying prepares feed, there are energy consumption height, and cost is big, pectin, flavones isoreactivity component damages
The problems such as serious.When using fermentation ensiling production feed, have treating capacity big, the good feature of environmental benefit, but there is length
The problem of it is big that Kubo deposits land occupation, and added value decreases.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of rich in pectin, the citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder of general flavone preparation method and its answer
With, pectin when solving citrus peel residue high temperature drying and processing described in background technique, flavones isoreactivity component damages are serious asks
Topic.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides following technical solutions:
Application rich in pectin, the citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder of general flavone, the citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder add applied to food
Work, medicine and cosmetics.
Preparation method rich in pectin, the citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder of general flavone includes:
S01: fresh citrus peel residue is cleaned up, with the evenly laid out hot wind for being 50-60 DEG C in temperature of the thickness of 1-3cm
Predrying 0.5-1.5h in drying box, until the water content of the citrus peel residue is 77-81%；
S02: by the citrus peel residue after predrying with the thickness of 2-5cm it is evenly laid out in temperature for 40-50 DEG C micro-
In wave vacuum oven, it is dried in vacuo 1.5-6h under conditions of vacuum degree is 0.06-0.09Mpa, until the citrus peel residue
Water content be 5-12%；
S03: the citrus peel residue precomminution after drying is obtained into citrus peel residue powder, uses the mesh sieve institute of 80 mesh
Citrus peel residue powder is stated, partial size is spare greater than citrus peel residue powder described in 80 purposes, and partial size is less than citrus peel residue described in 80 purposes
Powder precomminution again；
S04: by partial size be greater than 80 purposes described in citrus peel residue powder be put into micronizer, main crushings unit frequency with
Cyclonic separation unit frequency is to pulverize 10-20min under conditions of 10-30Hz, obtains the citrus peel residue that partial size is greater than 200 mesh
Ultramicro-powder.
It is provided by the invention rich in pectin, general flavone citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder in the preparation, by citrus peel residue
Tiling with a thickness of 1-3cm, drying temperature be 50-60 DEG C under conditions of to citrus peel residue carry out predrying, obtain water content be 77-
81% citrus peel residue, in the process, since drying temperature is lower, it is thus possible to retain in citrus peel residue to the greatest extent
The effective active matters such as pectin, general flavone.By the tiling in citrus peel residue with a thickness of 2-5cm, drying temperature after predrying
Citrus peel residue is dried under conditions of being 0.06-0.09Mpa for 40-50 DEG C and microwave vacuum degree, obtaining water content is 5-
12% citrus peel residue, in the process, due to drying temperature is extremely low, it is dry when it is inside and outside uniformly, and also keep certain vacuum
Degree, thus in obtained citrus peel residue the effective active matters such as pectin, general flavone content it is very high.Citrus peel residue after drying
By precomminution and the citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder for obtaining partial size and being greater than 200 mesh is crushed, and pectin in citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder, total
Flavones content is respectively 80% and 85% of fresh citrus peel residue or more.Citrus provided by the invention rich in pectin, general flavone
Citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder prepared by the preparation method of skin residues ultramicro powder largely remains in fresh citrus peel residue
The effective active matters such as pectin, general flavone, and it is easy to operate, added value is high.Due to citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder prepared by the present invention
Partial size it is minimum, thus solution is rendered as transparence when being dissolved in water and other solvents, it is thus possible to be applied to food well
Processing, the configuration of medical research and cosmetics.
Further, the variation due to pectin, general flavone and moisture content in citrus peel residue and drying temperature, citrus peel residue are spread
It is closely related to put thickness and drying time, therefore, on the basis of single factor experiment early period, chooses drying temperature, tiling thickness
And three factors of drying time three it is horizontal carry out orthogonal tests, i.e., selected 50-60 DEG C of drying temperature, tiling thickness 1-3cm and
Drying time 0.5-1.5h carry out Three factors-levels orthogonal test, and then determine predrying when citrus peel residue best tiling
Thickness, optimum drying temperature and optimum drying time.The specific data setting and test result of test please refer to table 1.
Table 1: predrying orthogonal experiments
In this orthogonal test, using the data in weighted mean method processing table 1, due to pectin content in citrus peel residue
Proportion is larger, thus, the weight that pectin is distributed is 40%, and the weight of general flavone and moisture content is 30%.By adding
The range analysis of weight average value can obtain, optimum process condition when citrus peel residue predrying be citrus peel residue tile with a thickness of 2cm,
Drying temperature is 60 DEG C, drying time 0.5h, and under the above conditions, gained citrus peel residue moisture content is reduced to 80.21%, pectin
Ratio in dry hide slag is 19.43%, and general flavone content is 2.021mg/g in every gram of dry hide slag, relative to fresh orange peel
For slag, pectin and general flavone loss respectively within 14% and 8%, remain to the greatest extent pectin in citrus peel residue and
General flavone.
Further, be the tiling thickness of citrus peel residue when determining dry, drying time with it is dry after citrus peel residue it is aqueous
Relationship between rate, the present invention choose the citrus peel residue dried under the conditions of best predrying as subjects, drying condition are as follows:
Vacuum degree 0.085Mpa, 50 DEG C of drying temperature, tiling thickness 2.5-4.5cm, drying time 0.25-3h.The specific data of test
Setting and test result please refer to table 2.
Table 2: the relationship after tiling thickness, drying time and drying between the moisture content of citrus peel residue
From, it can be seen that under the same dried time, citrus peel residue tiles the moisture content of the bigger citrus peel residue of thickness in table 2
What is reduced is slower, and when tiling is with a thickness of 2.5cm, citrus peel residue is that can drop to 10% or less in 1.75h in drying time.
Comprehensively consider the moisture content of energy consumption and citrus peel residue, the present invention chooses citrus peel residue laying preferably with a thickness of 2.5cm, does at this time
The moisture content of citrus peel residue after dry is 7.977%.
Further, be when determining dry the drying time of citrus peel residue and it is dry after in citrus peel residue the retention rate of pectin and
Relationship between the retention rate of general flavone, the present invention choose tiling with a thickness of the citrus peel residue of 2.5cm as subjects, remaining
Drying condition be vacuum degree be 0.085Mpa, drying temperature is 50 DEG C.The specific data setting and test result of test please refer to
Table 3.
Table 3: the relationship after drying time and drying in citrus peel residue between pectin retention rate and general flavone retention rate
| Drying time/h | 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.5 |
| Pectin retention rate/% | 84.29 | 83.81 | 77.51 |
| General flavone retention rate/% | 87.08 | 85.60 | 81.55 |
, it can be seen that pectin and general flavone content are all reduced with the increase of drying time from table 3, and in drying time
For in 2.0-2.5h pectin and general flavone content reduction amount to be noticeably greater than drying time be pectin in 1.5-2.0h and total yellow
Ketone content reduction amount, comprehensively considers influence of the moisture content to technique is pulverized, and the present invention preferably chooses the dry of citrus peel residue
The dry time is 2h, and pectin and general flavone retention rate are respectively 83.81% and 85.60% in the citrus peel residue after drying at this time.
Further, to dry under conditions of vacuum degree is 0.085Mpa, drying temperature is 50 DEG C and drying time is 2h
Resulting citrus peel residue carries out precomminution and obtains citrus peel residue precomminution powder, and gained citrus peel residue precomminution powder is sieved and divides
Also known as taking partial size is 380-250 μm, 250-180 μm and the citrus peel residue precomminution powder less than 180 μm, alleged acquirement orange peel
Slag precomminution powder, which is uniformly laid in micronizer, to be crushed, and citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder is obtained.In the present invention, surpass
Fine grinding time is preferably 15min.The concrete outcome of influence of the charging partial size to discharging partial size and its particle diameter distribution is asked
Reference table 4.
Table 4: influence of the charging partial size to discharging partial size and its particle diameter distribution
From table 4, it can be seen that with citrus peel residue precomminution powder feed partial size reduction, discharging partial size also gradually subtract
Small and reduced dynamics is larger.In particle diameter distribution, when the charging partial size of citrus peel residue precomminution powder is less than 180 μm, out
Expect that partial size is 51.81 μm, and the partial size for having 90% citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder is 74.6 μm, measures citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder at this time
In pectin and the content of general flavone be respectively 18.84% and 1.86mg/g.Although it follows that the smashed grain of citrus peel residue
Diameter very little, but have no effect on the content of pectin and general flavone in citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder.
Detailed description of the invention
To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, for those of ordinary skills, do not making the creative labor
Under the premise of, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the stream of the preparation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention rich in pectin, the citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder of general flavone
Journey schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Preparation method and applications provided in an embodiment of the present invention rich in pectin, the citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder of general flavone,
Solve the problems, such as that pectin, flavones isoreactivity component damages are serious when citrus peel residue high temperature drying and processing.
Technical solution in embodiment in order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, and make of the invention real
The above objects, features, and advantages for applying example can be more obvious and easy to understand, with reference to the accompanying drawing to the technology in the embodiment of the present invention
Scheme is described in further detail.
Attached drawing 1 is please referred to, it is super that attached drawing 1 shows the citrus peel residue provided in an embodiment of the present invention rich in pectin, general flavone
The flow diagram of the preparation method of micro mist, the description of following specific embodiments is based on attached drawing 1.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder provided in an embodiment of the present invention rich in pectin, general flavone includes:
S101: fresh citrus peel residue is cleaned up, with the evenly laid out heated-air drying for being 50 DEG C in temperature of the thickness of 1cm
Predrying 45min in case, until the water content of the citrus peel residue is 77%；
S102: the citrus peel residue after predrying is evenly laid out true for 50 DEG C of microwave in temperature with the thickness of 2cm
In empty drying box, it is dried in vacuo 1.5h under conditions of vacuum degree is 0.06Mpa, until the water content of the citrus peel residue is
5%；
S103: the citrus peel residue precomminution after drying is obtained into citrus peel residue powder, uses the mesh sieve of 80 mesh
The citrus peel residue powder, partial size are spare greater than citrus peel residue powder described in 80 purposes, and partial size is less than orange peel described in 80 purposes
Ground-slag precomminution again；
S104: partial size is greater than citrus peel residue powder described in 80 purposes and is put into micronizer, in main crushing unit frequency
It is to crush 10min under conditions of 10Hz with cyclonic separation unit frequency, obtains the citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder that partial size is greater than 200 mesh.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder provided in an embodiment of the present invention rich in pectin, general flavone includes:
S201: fresh citrus peel residue is cleaned up, with the evenly laid out heated-air drying for being 60 DEG C in temperature of the thickness of 3cm
Predrying 1.5h in case, until the water content of the citrus peel residue is 81%；
S202: the citrus peel residue after predrying is evenly laid out true for 40 DEG C of microwave in temperature with the thickness of 5cm
In empty drying box, it is dried in vacuo 6h under conditions of vacuum degree is 0.09Mpa, until the water content of the citrus peel residue is
12%；
S203: the citrus peel residue precomminution after drying is obtained into citrus peel residue powder, uses the mesh sieve of 80 mesh
The citrus peel residue powder, partial size are spare greater than citrus peel residue powder described in 80 purposes, and partial size is less than orange peel described in 80 purposes
Ground-slag precomminution again；
S204: partial size is greater than citrus peel residue powder described in 80 purposes and is put into micronizer, in main crushing unit frequency
It is to crush 20min under conditions of 30Hz with cyclonic separation unit frequency, obtains the citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder that partial size is greater than 200 mesh.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder provided in an embodiment of the present invention rich in pectin, general flavone includes:
S301: fresh citrus peel residue is cleaned up, with the evenly laid out heated-air drying for being 60 DEG C in temperature of the thickness of 2cm
Predrying 0.5h in case, until the water content of the citrus peel residue is 80.21%；
S302: by the citrus peel residue after predrying with the evenly laid out microwave for being 50 DEG C in temperature of the thickness of 2.5cm
In vacuum oven, it is dried in vacuo 2h under conditions of vacuum degree is 0.085Mpa, until the water content of the citrus peel residue is
7.977%；
S303: the citrus peel residue precomminution after drying is obtained into citrus peel residue powder, uses the mesh sieve of 80 mesh
The citrus peel residue powder, partial size are spare greater than citrus peel residue powder described in 80 purposes, and partial size is less than orange peel described in 80 purposes
Ground-slag precomminution again；
S304: partial size is greater than citrus peel residue powder described in 80 purposes and is put into micronizer, in main crushing unit frequency
It is to crush 15min under conditions of 10-30Hz with cyclonic separation unit frequency, obtains the citrus peel residue ultra micro that partial size is greater than 200 mesh
Powder.
Embodiment 4
The preparation method of citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder provided in an embodiment of the present invention rich in pectin, general flavone includes:
S401: fresh citrus peel residue is cleaned up, with the evenly laid out hot air drying for being 55 DEG C in temperature of the thickness of 1.5cm
Predrying 1.0h in dry case, until the water content of the citrus peel residue is 79%；
S402: the citrus peel residue after predrying is evenly laid out true for 48 DEG C of microwave in temperature with the thickness of 3cm
In empty drying box, it is dried in vacuo 2.15h under conditions of vacuum degree is 0.07Mpa, until the water content of the citrus peel residue is
6.1%；
S403: the citrus peel residue precomminution after drying is obtained into citrus peel residue powder, uses the mesh sieve of 80 mesh
The citrus peel residue powder, partial size are spare greater than citrus peel residue powder described in 80 purposes, and partial size is less than orange peel described in 80 purposes
Ground-slag precomminution again；
S404: partial size is greater than citrus peel residue powder described in 80 purposes and is put into micronizer, in main crushing unit frequency
It is to crush 20min under conditions of 20Hz with cyclonic separation unit frequency, obtains the citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder that partial size is greater than 200 mesh.
Citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder pectin rich in and total Huang provided in an embodiment of the present invention rich in pectin, general flavone
Ketone, and 90% or more the partial size of citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder is respectively less than 75 μm.Since the partial size of citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder is minimum, thus
When being dissolved in water and other solvents, solution is rendered as transparence, thus citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder be used to prepare food, medicine and
Substance will not be caused to reunite when cosmetics, and then the quality of food, medicine and cosmetics will not be influenced, and be conducive to body and skin
The absorption of skin.Due to citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder provided in an embodiment of the present invention pectin rich in and general flavone, making
When the food such as standby pulp, jelly, candy, baby food, ice cream and fruit juice, citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder is capable of providing enough increasings
Consistence and emulsibility, without adding other thickeners and emulsifier；It is even more to play radiation protection, antioxygen when preparing cosmetics
Change, reduce the effect of cholesterol.
The embodiments of the present invention described above are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is any in the present invention
Spirit and principle within made modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of preparation method rich in pectin, the citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder of general flavone characterized by comprising
S01: fresh citrus peel residue is cleaned up, with the evenly laid out heated-air drying for being 50-60 DEG C in temperature of the thickness of 1-3cm
Predrying 0.5-1.5h in case, until the water content of the citrus peel residue is 77-81%；
S02: the citrus peel residue after predrying is evenly laid out true for 40-50 DEG C of microwave in temperature with the thickness of 2-5cm
In empty drying box, it is dried in vacuo 1.5-6h under conditions of vacuum degree is 0.06-0.09Mpa, until the citrus peel residue contains
Water is 5-12%；
S03: the citrus peel residue precomminution after drying is obtained into citrus peel residue powder, mandarin orange described in the mesh sieve using 80 mesh
Orange peel ground-slag end, partial size is spare greater than citrus peel residue powder described in 80 purposes, and partial size is less than orange peel ground-slag weight described in 80 purposes
New precomminution；
S04: partial size is greater than citrus peel residue powder described in 80 purposes and is put into micronizer, in main crushing unit frequency and whirlwind
Separation unit frequency is to pulverize 10-20min under conditions of 10-30Hz, obtains the citrus peel residue ultra micro that partial size is greater than 200 mesh
Powder.
2. the preparation method according to claim 1 rich in pectin, the citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder of general flavone, feature exist
In the tiling of citrus peel residue described in step S01 is with a thickness of 2cm, and drying temperature is 60 DEG C, drying time 0.5h, predrying
The water content of the citrus peel residue afterwards is 80.21%.
3. the preparation method according to claim 1 rich in pectin, the citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder of general flavone, feature exist
In with a thickness of 2.5cm, drying temperature is 50 DEG C, vacuum degree 0.085Mpa for the tiling of citrus peel residue described in step S02, is done
The dry time is 2h, and the water content of the citrus peel residue after predrying is 7.977%.
4. the preparation method according to claim 1 rich in pectin, the citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder of general flavone, feature exist
In the time of ultramicro grinding described in step S04 is 15min.
5. the application rich in pectin, the citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder of general flavone, which is characterized in that described in above-mentioned any one of claim 1-4
The citrus peel residue Ultramicro-powder be applied to food processing, medicine and cosmetics.
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| CN109043540A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2018-12-21 | 中国计量大学 | Improve method, flavone composition and the product containing chromocor extract of chromocor extract biology accessibility |
| CN109700061A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-05-03 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Pickering emulsifier and preparation method thereof and Pickering lotion containing the emulsifier |
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