CN105814259B

CN105814259B - Hydraulic excavator

Info

Publication number: CN105814259B
Application number: CN201580002626.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 渡边馨
Original assignee: Komatsu Ltd
Current assignee: Komatsu Ltd
Priority date: 2015-11-26
Filing date: 2015-11-26
Publication date: 2021-09-07
Anticipated expiration: 2035-11-26
Also published as: DE112015000192B4; WO2016084911A1; JPWO2016084911A1; DE112015000192T5; CN105814259A; JP6054581B2

Abstract

A hydraulic excavator provided with an upper slewing body, the hydraulic excavator comprising: an engine room (62) in which an engine (61) is disposed; a covering member (67) that covers the upper side of the engine room (62) in a sealed manner; an electrical component unit (E) having electrical devices (E1, E2); and a support member (672) that supports the electrical component unit (E) from below via the spacer (71), wherein the electrical component unit (E) is disposed above the cover member (67) via the spacer (71).

Description

Hydraulic excavator

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a hydraulic excavator.

Background

Conventionally, hydraulic excavators are equipped with electric components such as a processing device (body controller) that processes information from sensors mounted at a predetermined position. Since the electric device has a lower heat resistant temperature than other components and needs to be less susceptible to thermal influence from the engine room, it has been proposed to perform cooling by a dedicated cooling structure (see, for example, patent document 1).

In patent document 1, in a top-lid type small-sized hydraulic excavator, an electric component is disposed on a side of an operator seat, and the electric component is covered with an electric component cover. The electric component cover is provided with an air passage having an intake hole for taking in outside air at one end. The other end of the air passage is open to a cooling fan for cooling the engine at a position immediately before the cooling air is taken in. Since a negative pressure is generated at a position where the cooling air is to be sucked by the rotation of the cooling fan, the negative pressure is used to cause air to flow from the outside into the electric component cover through the air passage, thereby cooling the electric components.

However, in addition to the above-described processing device, a communication terminal having a lower heat-resistant temperature may be additionally provided as the electric device. These electric components are unitized into an electric component unit, but it is not possible to avoid an increase in size of the electric component unit due to an increase in the number of electric components, and therefore it is difficult to dispose the electric component unit on the side of the operator seat due to restrictions on the disposition space. Therefore, the electric component unit is disposed at a position directly above the engine room and behind the operator seat.

Prior art documents

Patent document

Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2015-140156

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

However, if the electrical component unit is disposed directly above the engine room, it is likely to be affected by hot wind rising from the engine room, and therefore a structure for preventing heat from being transferred to the electrical component unit is required. In particular, when a communication terminal having a lower heat-resistant temperature is mounted, it is necessary to reliably suppress the thermal influence on the electric component unit.

Therefore, it is considered that the cooling structure as in patent document 1 is adopted at the rear of the operator seat. However, since the electrical component unit is disposed at a position closer to the engine, a larger amount of air must be fed to reliably cool the electrical component unit, which leads to a problem of a complicated structure.

On the other hand, a structure in which the engine room is covered and sealed so that hot air is not discharged to the electric component unit side is also conceivable. However, since a member for covering the engine room is heated by hot air, the thermal influence on the electric component unit cannot be sufficiently suppressed due to the influence of heat from the member.

An object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic excavator capable of reliably suppressing thermal influence from an engine room to an electric component unit with a simple configuration.

Means for solving the problems

A hydraulic excavator according to the present invention is a hydraulic excavator including an upper slewing body, the hydraulic excavator including: an engine room in which an engine is disposed; a covering member that covers an upper portion of the engine room in a sealed manner; an electric component unit having an electric component; and a support member that supports the electrical component unit from below with a spacer interposed therebetween, wherein the electrical component unit is disposed above the cover member with the spacer interposed therebetween.

According to the present invention, since the electric device unit is disposed above the cover member via the spacer, a space substantially parallel to the rotation surface of the upper slewing body is formed between the electric device unit and the cover member. Therefore, even if the covering member that covers the engine room becomes hot, the transmission of heat from the covering member to the electric component unit can be suppressed. Further, by opening such a space to the outside, fresh air can be circulated into the space by the rotation of the upper revolving structure, and the air can be prevented from being accumulated in the space, thereby improving the heat insulation effect. Therefore, by a simple structure in which a space is formed between the electric component unit and the cover member by the spacer, thermal influence from the engine room to the electric component unit can be reliably suppressed.

In the hydraulic excavator according to the present invention, it is preferable that the cover member includes the support member.

In the hydraulic excavator according to the present invention, it is preferable that the support member is disposed on a counterweight provided on an outer peripheral side of the upper revolving structure.

In the hydraulic excavator according to the present invention, it is preferable that the electric components are housed in a closed housing space.

In the hydraulic excavator according to the present invention, it is preferable that the electrical component unit includes a bottom surface portion, and a heat insulator is provided on a lower surface of the bottom surface portion.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a side view showing a hydraulic excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan view showing a cab of the hydraulic excavator.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing a cover and an electric component mounted on the hydraulic excavator.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a main portion of the hydraulic excavator, which is a sectional view taken along arrows IV-IV in fig. 2.

Detailed Description

[ schematic Structure of Hydraulic shovel ]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a side view showing a hydraulic excavator 1 according to the present embodiment. Fig. 2 is a plan view showing a cab of the hydraulic excavator.

In fig. 1 and 2, a hydraulic excavator 1 includes: a crawler-type lower traveling body 2 driven by a hydraulic motor; an upper revolving structure 3 rotatably provided on an upper portion of the lower traveling structure 2; the hydraulic excavator 1 is configured as a small-sized hydraulic excavator, and the work implement 4 is provided on the front side of the upper revolving structure 3 and performs excavation of earth and sand.

The upper slewing body 3 includes a slewing frame 31 provided with a slewing hydraulic motor, not shown, at a substantially center thereof. In revolving frame 31, work implement 4, cab 32 for an operator to ride in, and counterweight 33 are disposed in this order from the front side toward the rear side, and counterweight 33 is located on the outer peripheral side of the rear portion of upper revolving structure 3. In addition, revolving frame 31 is provided with a roof 34 that covers cab 32 from above.

Here, the top cover 34 includes: a pair of columns 34A vertically provided on the left and right; a roof 34B supported by the upper ends of the pillars 34A. The lower end portions of the columns 34A are supported by the upper surfaces of the left and right ends of the counterweight 33.

Although not shown, an engine room 62 that houses an engine 61 (see fig. 4) is provided below the cab 32 in the revolving frame 31, and a control valve that distributes pressure oil, which is pumped by a hydraulic pump driven by the engine 61, to the lower traveling structure 2 and the work equipment 4 is disposed further below the engine room 62. Tanks such as a fuel tank, a hydraulic oil tank, and a sub-tank for engine coolant are disposed on the right side of the cab 32. In the present embodiment, the front, rear, left, and right directions are directions based on an operator seated in the cab 32.

The working device 4 includes: a boom 41 attached to revolving frame 31 so as to be swingable up and down; an arm, not shown, attached to the tip of the boom 41 so as to be swingable up and down; and a bucket, not shown, attached to the tip of the arm so as to be swingable up and down. The boom 41, the arm, and the bucket are connected to the tips of piston rods of a boom cylinder 41A, an arm cylinder, and a bucket cylinder, which are hydraulic cylinders, respectively, and the boom 41, the arm, and the bucket are swung by extending and contracting the respective piston rods by pressure oil from a control valve.

In the present embodiment, which is a small-sized hydraulic excavator 1, a blade 42 is provided as a separate work implement at the front portion of the frame 21 of the lower traveling structure 2. The blade 42 is operated by a blade cylinder not shown. The blade cylinder is also extended and retracted by pressure oil from the control valve.

[ Structure around the cab ]

In fig. 1 and 2, the cab 32 is provided with: an operator seat 35 disposed substantially at the center; control boxes 36 disposed on the left and right of the operator seat 35; a work implement lever 37 provided at the front of each control box 36; a pair of travel levers 38 positioned in front of the operator seat 35 and protruding from the underfoot floor surface; and electrical components E1 and E2 disposed behind the seat back 35A of the operator seat 35 and covered with the cover 39.

An engine room 62 in which the counterweight 33 reaches the rear is provided below the operator seat 35 and at a position between the revolving frame 31. Engine room 62 is covered in a sealed state except for the lower revolving frame 31 side. That is, the front of the engine room 62 is covered by a front wall 63 provided below the operator seat 35, the sides are covered by side walls 64, side plates 65, an exterior cover 66, and the like, and the upper side is covered by a cover member 67.

In this case, the covering member 67 is configured to include: an upper plate 671 integrally provided at a lower portion of the operator seat 35; a support member 672 disposed above the counterweight 33. The upper plate 671 and the support member 672 are coupled at both left and right sides thereof via a damper bracket and a seal around the damper bracket, not shown.

By hermetically covering the engine room 62, particularly the upper part thereof, with the covering member 67, hot air formed by the cooling air after cooling the engine 61 is prevented from being discharged to the electric components E1 and E2 disposed further above. Fig. 4, which will be described later, shows a connecting portion between the upper plate 671 and the support member 672 at a location other than the damper bracket. At this connection portion, the upper plate 671 and the support member 672 are connected to each other via a seal 67A provided on each of the upper plate 671 and the support member 672.

Cover 39 covers electric devices E1 and E2, and protects them from rainwater and dust. The electric devices E1 and E2 include processing devices that process information from various sensors provided in main portions of the vehicle body, communication terminals that communicate with a management center, and the like, and are unitized into the electric device unit E.

[ Structure of cover and Electrical component Unit ]

Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of the cover 39. In fig. 2 and 3, the cover 39 is made of synthetic resin. The cover 39 has a left end located inside the column 34A of the top cover 34 and a left concave portion 39A recessed rightward so as to avoid the column 34A. On the other hand, the right end of the cover 39 surrounds the outside of the post 34A, and has a right concave portion 39B recessed from the front to the rear so as to avoid the post 34A. The cover 39 is lower at both sides, and conversely, the center portion between the posts 34A is raised upward and higher, and the electrical components E1 and E2 are covered by the raised portions.

The front surface portion of the bulging portion is provided adjacent to the seat back 35A of the operator seat 35, and a substantially rectangular opening portion 39C having a predetermined opening area is provided on a position on the left side of the front surface portion. The cover 39 is attached to the support member 672 by a pair of bolts 39D inserted through positions separated from each other in the left-right direction along the rear end edge and a bolt 39D inserted through the front side of the beverage can placement rack 39E provided on the right side.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the electrical component unit E includes a mounting frame 51 made of a metal plate or the like to which the electrical components E1 and E2 are mounted. The mounting frame 51 includes: a bottom surface portion 52; a mounting portion 53 erected on the bottom portion 52 so that the front and back surfaces face forward and backward; a partition portion 54 erected near the left side of the bottom surface portion 52 so that the front and back surfaces face left and right; the bracket 55 provided on the left side surface of the partition portion 54, the bottom surface portion 52, the mounting portion 53, the partition portion 54, and the bracket 55 are each provided in a plate shape. The bracket 55 is a member for receiving the seatback 35A of the reclining operator seat 35, and is inserted through the opening 39C of the cover 39.

A seal 56 made of urethane resin or the like is attached to the outer edges of the bottom surface portion 52 and the partition portion 54. A heat insulator 52A (see fig. 4) made of the same material as the seal 56 is attached to the lower surface of the bottom surface portion 52 so as to cover substantially the entire surface thereof. Electric device E1 is attached to the front surface of mounting portion 53, and electric device E2 is attached to the rear surface.

In a state where the electric component unit E is covered by the cover 39, the internal space of the cover 39 is partitioned into left and right by the partition portion 54. The left space partitioned by the partition portion 54 communicates with the outside through the opening portion 39C and the open lower portion side. The electric device unit E is located in the space on the right side. The space on the right side of the electric component unit E is partitioned by vertical ribs, not shown, integrally formed in the cover 39, and the space on the right side partitioned by the vertical ribs communicates with the outside through the right recessed portion 39B and the open lower portion side.

In addition to the vertical ribs described above, vertical ribs are provided in the cover 39 at positions corresponding to the front edge and the rear edge of the bottom surface portion 52 (see fig. 4). The lower ends of these longitudinal ribs abut against the seal 56 of the bottom surface portion 52. Therefore, in the interior of the cover 39, the gap between the electric component unit E and the inner surface of the cover 39 is closed by the bottom surface portion 52 and the seal 56 of the partition portion 54.

As a result, a sealed housing space 39F is formed inside the cover 39 as shown by the two-dot chain line in fig. 3, and the electric devices E1 and E2 are housed in the housing space 39F. Thus, even if sand, dust, rainwater, or the like enters cover 39 from both the left and right sides of cover 39, it does not reach the space on the right side, and electric devices E1 and E2 are not affected. Although the electric devices E1 and E2 in the housing space 39F generate heat, the heat is transmitted to the cover 39 and radiated to the outside from the surface thereof, and therefore, the heat resistance is not particularly problematic.

[ Heat insulation Structure of Electrical component Unit ]

Fig. 4 is a sectional view showing a heat insulating structure of the electric device unit E, and is a sectional view of arrows IV-IV in fig. 2.

In fig. 4, support member 672 of cover member 67 covering the upper portion of engine room 62 is placed on flat bottom surface 33A of the lower step portion of the first stage formed on the upper portion of counterweight 33, and is detachably fixed to counterweight 33 by bolt 33B. The bolt 33B penetrates through the support member 672 and the upper portion of the opening 33C for inspection of the engine 61 provided in the counterweight 33, and is screwed to a nut 673 fixed to the upper surface of the support member 672. The opening 33C is covered with an unillustrated inspection cover at a time other than the time of inspecting the engine 61.

Here, although detailed description of the present specification is omitted, hydraulic excavator 1 is provided with a tilting mechanism for tilting cab 32 about the front side of cab 32 as a fulcrum. When the cab 32 is tilted, the bolt 33B is removed. Since the falling prevention ring 33D is screwed into the bolt 33B, there is no fear that the bolt 33B falls and is lost even if the bolt 33B is removed from the support member 672. When the cab 32 tilts, the cover member 67 is lifted upward together with the cab 32, and the support member 672 is separated from the counterweight 33. Further, by removing the cover 39, interference with the column 34A during tilting can be prevented.

An electric component unit E is disposed above the support member 672 with a plurality of spacers 71 interposed therebetween, and the electric component unit E is supported by the support member 672. The support member 672 that supports the electrical component unit E constitutes a part of the cover member 67, and thus, there is no need to provide a separate cover member and support member, and the structure can be further simplified. Further, by placing the support member 672 on the firm weight 33, the electric device unit E can be stably supported by the support member 672.

A space 72 is formed between the support member 672 and the electric component unit E by a spacer 71. With this space 72, even when the covering member 67 is heated by heat from the engine 61, the heat can be made less likely to be transferred to the electric component unit E, and a heat insulating effect can be obtained.

Further, the space 72 expands in a direction parallel to the revolving surface of the upper revolving structure 3. The space 72 communicates with the outside through a gap 73 formed between the counterweight 33 and the cover 39 over a predetermined length in the circumferential direction on the rear outer periphery. Therefore, when upper revolving unit 3 revolves, air flows in and out of space 72 through gap 73. This can suppress air from being accumulated in the space 72, thereby improving the heat insulation effect. In particular, since the gap 73 is provided on the outer peripheral side apart from the rotation center of the upper slewing body 3, the speed at the time of slewing can be increased, and air can be favorably flowed in.

[ Effect of the embodiment ]

The present embodiment described above has the following effects.

That is, since the electric equipment unit E is disposed above the covering member 67 with the spacer 71 interposed therebetween, a space 72 substantially parallel to the surface of rotation of the upper slewing body 3 can be formed between the electric equipment unit E and the covering member 67. Therefore, even if the covering member 67 covering the engine room 62 becomes hot, the heat transfer from the covering member 67 to the electric component unit E can be suppressed.

Since such a space 72 is open to the outside, fresh air can be made to flow into the space 72 by the rotation of the upper slewing body 3, and the heat insulation effect can be improved by preventing the air from being accumulated in the space 72.

As described above, the simple structure in which the space 72 is formed between the electrical component unit E and the cover member 67 by the spacer 71 can reliably suppress the thermal influence from the engine room 62 to the electrical component unit E.

[ modified examples ]

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and modifications, improvements, and the like within a range that can achieve the object of the present invention are also included in the present invention.

For example, although the support member 672 constitutes a part of the cover member 67 in the above embodiment, the support member may be constituted as a member different from the cover member in the present invention. Specifically, the cover member is formed of one member covering the entire upper portion of the engine room 62, and a support member formed of a member different from the cover member is disposed directly below the cover member and fixed to the counterweight 33 or the like, and a plurality of spacers through which the cover member passes are provided on the support member, and the electric component unit E is supported by the support member via the spacers. Such a structure is also included in the present invention.

In the above embodiment, the cab 32 is described as being tiltable, but in the present invention, it is irrelevant whether the cab is tiltable.

The electric component unit used in the present invention is not limited to a control device used as a vehicle body controller and a communication terminal for communication, and may be a radio tuner, a battery, or the like. However, when a control device or a communication terminal having a low heat-resistant temperature is used, the effects of the present invention can be made more remarkable, and therefore, it is preferable to configure an electrical component unit from these components.

In addition, the electric component unit does not need to be configured by a plurality of electric components, and may be configured by one electric component.

The invention is particularly suitable for small top-cover hydraulic excavators.

Description of the reference numerals

1 … hydraulic excavator, 3 … upper revolving body, 61 … engine, 62 … engine room, 67 … covering component, E1, E2 … electric installation, E … electric equipment unit, 71 … spacing piece, 672 … supporting component, 33 … counterweight, 39F … accommodating space, 52 … bottom surface part, 52A … heat insulation piece.

Claims

1. A hydraulic shovel is provided with an upper slewing body,

the hydraulic shovel is characterized by comprising:

an engine room in which an engine is disposed;

a covering member that covers an upper portion of the engine room in a sealed manner;

an electric component unit having an electric component; and

a support member that supports the electrical component unit from below with a spacer interposed therebetween,

the electric device unit is arranged above the cover member with the spacer interposed therebetween,

a space extending in a direction parallel to a rotation surface of the upper slewing body is formed between the cover member and the electrical component unit by the spacer,

the support member is disposed on a counterweight provided on an outer peripheral side of the upper slewing body.

2. The hydraulic excavator of claim 1 wherein,

the cover member is configured to include the support member.

3. The hydraulic excavator according to claim 1 or 2,

the electric device is contained in the closed containing space.

4. The hydraulic excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 3,

the electrical component unit has a bottom surface portion,

and a heat insulation piece is arranged on the lower surface of the bottom surface part.