CN105801893A - 一种自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜及其制备方法，该自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜按照重量份的原料包括：聚氨酯树脂50‑100份、马来酸1‑8份、纳米氧化钛2‑8份、纳米陶瓷颗粒2‑10份、PET 8‑18份、聚酞胺纤维3‑12份、三硬脂酸甘油酯1‑6份、硅烷偶联剂2‑10份、ABS树脂纳米碳酸钙10‑20份、固化剂5‑12份、纳米硅微粉5‑18份、丙酮15‑30份。将聚氨酯树脂、聚酞胺纤维与三硬脂酸甘油酯加入到丙酮中，混合均匀后加入纳米氧化钛、马来酸、纳米陶瓷颗粒、硅烷偶联剂、ABS树脂纳米碳酸钙与纳米硅微粉，超声搅拌，加入固化剂，制得混合液；将，将混合液涂覆于PET制成的PET薄膜上下表面，经流平、真空冷压即得。本发明具有耐候性和耐蚀性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及太阳能背膜技术领域，具体是一种自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
太阳能电池板背膜，是太阳能电池组件封装材料之一。太阳能电池封装所用的背封膜，一般有三层结构，自上而下，包括耐候层、PET层或中间层和粘接层。胶粘层因附着力小，胶粘强度低等问题，给其使用造成了一定的限制。涂覆结合，是将耐候层和粘接层分别涂覆于中间层上下表面，通过固化之后，得到太阳能电池板背膜，因上下两层与中间层形成稳定的交联结构，附着力得到改善，因此，涂覆交合成为一种趋势。太阳能电池板在工作时，由于水汽或者其他化合物对封装组件的不断侵害，容易在背膜上下沉积或者形成一些物质，这些物质的存在对于薄膜的性能影响较大，而此时不能采用传统的擦拭或者冲洗方式，长此以往，必然会侵蚀组件，甚至是晶体硅，因此，用于制作太阳能电池板背膜的材料应当具备一定的自清洁作用，将有效的改善背膜表面的状态，提高其抗腐蚀性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有耐候性和耐蚀性的自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜及其制备方法，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜，按照重量份的原料包括：聚氨酯树脂50-100份、马来酸1-8份、纳米氧化钛2-8份、纳米陶瓷颗粒2-10份、PET 8-18份、聚酞胺纤维3-12份、三硬脂酸甘油酯1-6份、硅烷偶联剂2-10份、ABS树脂纳米碳酸钙10-20份、固化剂5-12份、纳米硅微粉5-18份、丙酮15-30份。
作为本发明进一步的方案：所述自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜，按照重量份的原料包括：聚氨酯树脂60-90份、马来酸2-5份、纳米氧化钛3-6份、纳米陶瓷颗粒3-8份、PET 10-16份、聚酞胺纤维5-10份、三硬脂酸甘油酯2-5份、硅烷偶联剂3-8份、ABS树脂纳米碳酸钙12-18份、固化剂6-10份、纳米硅微粉6-16份、丙酮18-28份。
作为本发明进一步的方案：所述自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜，按照重量份的原料包括：聚氨酯树脂70-80份、马来酸3-4份、纳米氧化钛4-5份、纳米陶瓷颗粒4-7份、PET 12-14份、聚酞胺纤维7-9份、三硬脂酸甘油酯3-4份、硅烷偶联剂4-7份、ABS树脂纳米碳酸钙14-16份、固化剂7-9份、纳米硅微粉8-14份、丙酮20-26份。
作为本发明进一步的方案：所述自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜，按照重量份的原料包括：聚氨酯树脂75份、马来酸4份、纳米氧化钛5份、纳米陶瓷颗粒5份、PET 13份、聚酞胺纤维8份、三硬脂酸甘油酯3份、硅烷偶联剂5份、ABS树脂纳米碳酸钙15份、固化剂8份、纳米硅微粉10份、丙酮23份。
所述的自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)制备薄膜层：将聚氨酯树脂、聚酞胺纤维与三硬脂酸甘油酯加入到丙酮中，混合均匀后加入纳米氧化钛、马来酸、纳米陶瓷颗粒、硅烷偶联剂、ABS树脂纳米碳酸钙与纳米硅微粉，超声搅拌均匀后，加入固化剂，不断搅拌，混合均匀，制得混合液；
(2)将PET制成PET薄膜，将上述混合液涂覆于PET薄膜上下表面，放入流平机内一次流平，得到复合膜；
(3)将一次流平后的复合膜放入真空中冷压，即得自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜。
作为本发明进一步的方案：步骤(1)中超声功率为150W，超声处理时间为30-120min。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明以聚氨酯树脂为主体材料，加入纳米氧化钛、纳米陶瓷颗粒与纳米硅微粉，利用其自清洁作用，催化分解背膜上沉积的有害毒物，降解为无腐蚀性能的物质，以提高背膜的耐候性和耐蚀性。制备过程简单、易操作，适于工业化生产。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
本发明实施例中，一种自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜，按照重量份的原料包括：聚氨酯树脂50份、马来酸1份、纳米氧化钛2份、纳米陶瓷颗粒2份、PET 8份、聚酞胺纤维3份、三硬脂酸甘油酯1份、硅烷偶联剂2份、ABS树脂纳米碳酸钙10份、固化剂5份、纳米硅微粉5份、丙酮15份。
所述的自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)制备薄膜层：将聚氨酯树脂、聚酞胺纤维与三硬脂酸甘油酯加入到丙酮中，混合均匀后加入纳米氧化钛、马来酸、纳米陶瓷颗粒、硅烷偶联剂、ABS树脂纳米碳酸钙与纳米硅微粉，超声搅拌均匀后，加入固化剂，不断搅拌，混合均匀，制得混合液。超声功率为150W，超声处理时间为90min。
(2)将PET制成PET薄膜，将上述混合液涂覆于PET薄膜上下表面，放入流平机内一次流平，得到复合膜。
(3)将一次流平后的复合膜放入真空中冷压，即得自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜。
实施例2
本发明实施例中，一种自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜，按照重量份的原料包括：聚氨酯树脂100份、马来酸8份、纳米氧化钛8份、纳米陶瓷颗粒10份、PET 18份、聚酞胺纤维12份、三硬脂酸甘油酯6份、硅烷偶联剂10份、ABS树脂纳米碳酸钙20份、固化剂12份、纳米硅微粉18份、丙酮30份。
制备过程与实施例1一致。
实施例3
本发明实施例中，一种自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜，按照重量份的原料包括：聚氨酯树脂60份、马来酸2份、纳米氧化钛3份、纳米陶瓷颗粒3份、PET 10份、聚酞胺纤维5份、三硬脂酸甘油酯2份、硅烷偶联剂3份、ABS树脂纳米碳酸钙12份、固化剂6份、纳米硅微粉6份、丙酮18份。
制备过程与实施例1一致。
实施例4
本发明实施例中，一种自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜，按照重量份的原料包括：聚氨酯树脂90份、马来酸5份、纳米氧化钛6份、纳米陶瓷颗粒8份、PET 16份、聚酞胺纤维10份、三硬脂酸甘油酯5份、硅烷偶联剂8份、ABS树脂纳米碳酸钙18份、固化剂10份、纳米硅微粉16份、丙酮28份。
制备过程与实施例1一致。
实施例5
本发明实施例中，一种自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜，按照重量份的原料包括：聚氨酯树脂70份、马来酸3份、纳米氧化钛4份、纳米陶瓷颗粒4份、PET 12份、聚酞胺纤维7份、三硬脂酸甘油酯3份、硅烷偶联剂4份、ABS树脂纳米碳酸钙14份、固化剂7份、纳米硅微粉8份、丙酮20份。
制备过程与实施例1一致。
实施例6
本发明实施例中，一种自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜，按照重量份的原料包括：聚氨酯树脂80份、马来酸4份、纳米氧化钛5份、纳米陶瓷颗粒7份、PET 14份、聚酞胺纤维9份、三硬脂酸甘油酯4份、硅烷偶联剂7份、ABS树脂纳米碳酸钙16份、固化剂9份、纳米硅微粉14份、丙酮26份。
制备过程与实施例1一致。
实施例7
本发明实施例中，一种自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜，按照重量份的原料包括：聚氨酯树脂75份、马来酸4份、纳米氧化钛5份、纳米陶瓷颗粒5份、PET 13份、聚酞胺纤维8份、三硬脂酸甘油酯3份、硅烷偶联剂5份、ABS树脂纳米碳酸钙15份、固化剂8份、纳米硅微粉10份、丙酮23份。
制备过程与实施例1一致。
将实施例1-7制得的自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜应用于太阳能电池板背膜，并测定其耐候性能和层间剥离强度。
(1)双八五老化试验
对实施例1-7和进行双八五老化试验，结果如表1所示:
表1
| 项目 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 实施例5 | 实施例6 | 实施例7 |
| 双八五老化/h | ≥2000 | ≥2000 | ≥2000 | ≥2000 | ≥2000 | ≥2000 | ≥2000 |
由上表可知，实施例1-7的双八五老化实验都超过2000h，达到优良水平，因此，实施例1-7的自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜具有优良的耐候性能。
(2)层间剥离强度
测定实施例1-7的层间剥离强度，结果如表2所示:
表2
由上表可知，实施例1-7的层间剥离强度较高，层间附着力较强。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (6)
1.一种自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜，其特征在于，按照重量份的原料包括：聚氨酯树脂50-100份、马来酸1-8份、纳米氧化钛2-8份、纳米陶瓷颗粒2-10份、PET 8-18份、聚酞胺纤维3-12份、三硬脂酸甘油酯1-6份、硅烷偶联剂2-10份、ABS树脂纳米碳酸钙10-20份、固化剂5-12份、纳米硅微粉5-18份、丙酮15-30份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜，其特征在于，按照重量份的原料包括：聚氨酯树脂60-90份、马来酸2-5份、纳米氧化钛3-6份、纳米陶瓷颗粒3-8份、PET10-16份、聚酞胺纤维5-10份、三硬脂酸甘油酯2-5份、硅烷偶联剂3-8份、ABS树脂纳米碳酸钙12-18份、固化剂6-10份、纳米硅微粉6-16份、丙酮18-28份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜，其特征在于，按照重量份的原料包括：聚氨酯树脂70-80份、马来酸3-4份、纳米氧化钛4-5份、纳米陶瓷颗粒4-7份、PET12-14份、聚酞胺纤维7-9份、三硬脂酸甘油酯3-4份、硅烷偶联剂4-7份、ABS树脂纳米碳酸钙14-16份、固化剂7-9份、纳米硅微粉8-14份、丙酮20-26份。
4.根据权利要求3所述的自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜，其特征在于，按照重量份的原料包括：聚氨酯树脂75份、马来酸4份、纳米氧化钛5份、纳米陶瓷颗粒5份、PET 13份、聚酞胺纤维8份、三硬脂酸甘油酯3份、硅烷偶联剂5份、ABS树脂纳米碳酸钙15份、固化剂8份、纳米硅微粉10份、丙酮23份。
5.一种如权利要求1-4任一所述的自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)制备薄膜层：将聚氨酯树脂、聚酞胺纤维与三硬脂酸甘油酯加入到丙酮中，混合均匀后加入纳米氧化钛、马来酸、纳米陶瓷颗粒、硅烷偶联剂、ABS树脂纳米碳酸钙与纳米硅微粉，超声搅拌均匀后，加入固化剂，不断搅拌，混合均匀，制得混合液；
(2)将PET制成PET薄膜，将上述混合液涂覆于PET薄膜上下表面，放入流平机内一次流平，得到复合膜；
(3)将一次流平后的复合膜放入真空中冷压，即得自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜。
6.根据权利要求5所述的自清洁型聚合纳米薄膜的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中超声功率为150W，超声处理时间为30-120min。
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