CN105796569A - 化合物在制备防治青光眼病的药物中的用途 - Google Patents
化合物在制备防治青光眼病的药物中的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种化合物及其类似化合物或其可药用盐的新用途,所述新用途为在制备降低眼压防治青光眼病的药物中的用途。上述化合物降低眼压防治青光眼病能够达到作用非常显著的效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及三种降低眼压防治青光眼病的药物的用途,具体涉及4-[2-(1H-吲哚-3-基)乙烯基]苯基-1-哌嗪基-甲酮及其类似化合物或其可药用盐、N-[3-氟-4-[[6-甲氧基-7-[3-(4-吗啉基)丙基氧基]喹啉-4-基]氧基]苯基]-N’-(4-氟苯基)-1,1-环丙基二甲酰胺及其类似化合物或其可药用盐、5-氯-N2-[2-甲氧基-4-[4-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)哌啶-1-基]苯基]-N4-[2-[(1-甲基乙基)磺酰基]苯基]-嘧啶-2,4-二氨及其类似化合物或其可药用盐在制备降低眼压防治青光眼疾病的药物中的用途。
背景技术
青光眼是一类危害非常大的眼部病变,分为原发性青光眼、继发性青光眼、先天性青光眼,其中原发性青光眼又分为原发闭角型青光眼和原发开角型青光眼,不论哪种类型的青光眼病患,病人的主要表现均为眼内压(IOP)增高。青光眼可导致不可逆性视觉丧失,目前世界上约有14亿青光眼患者,但是约半数的人没有意识到这种疾病的存在。世界卫生组织将其列为重大致盲眼病,在中国青光眼的发病率约0.12%-1.64%,约占眼科疾病的14.36%。据流行病学研究推算,至2020年,中国的青光眼患者人数将达到600万。
虹膜与角膜的边缘在前房形成的角为前房角,98%的房水通过前房角经小梁网、施莱姆管以及睫状体和脉络膜的脉管系统排出。若前房角闭塞,房水流出受阻,会引起房水堆积造成眼内压(IOP)增高。正常人眼内压通常在11到21mmHg之间,升高的眼内压可以直接减少血流,使网膜和眼球结构发生变化,最终导致视觉的丧失。
降低眼内压是目前临床唯一证实较为有效的途径。治疗可通过两种途径:药物和手术。目前临床情况是:手术治标不治本,痛苦大易复发,而药物治疗损伤小,但是治疗效果欠佳。
青光眼的药物治疗目前有以下几种方法,不仅治疗效果都欠佳而且但都存在不良反应:常用的药物有β受体阻断剂、受体激动剂、前列腺素类似物、甘露醇、甘油和中药等,整体疗效不好,且不良反应及不足有出汗、头痛、震颤、视力模糊、前额痛、造成视力不佳、引起过敏和毒性反应。
目前现有的青光眼治疗药物均存在不同的副作用,且最主要的是治疗效果不尽如人意,无论是哪类药物,现在都无法产生较好的治疗效果,造成目前无论各种发病原因的青光眼病患越来越多,且发病越来越重,严重威胁病患的视力。开发一种新型有效的药物治疗青光眼对病患尤为重要。
本发明人意外地发现4-[2-(1H-吲哚-3-基)乙烯基]苯基-1-哌嗪基-甲酮及其类似化合物或其可药用盐、N-[3-氟-4-[[6-甲氧基-7-[3-(4-吗啉基)丙基氧基]喹啉-4-基]氧基]苯基]-N’-(4-氟苯基)-1,1-环丙基二甲酰胺及其类似化合物或其可药用盐、5-氯-N2-[2-甲氧基-4-[4-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)哌啶-1-基]苯基]-N4-[2-[(1-甲基乙基)磺酰基]苯基]-嘧啶-2,4-二氨及其类似化合物或其可药用盐在制备降低眼压防治青光眼疾病的药物中的新奇用途。三种系列化合物的别名分别为:KW2449、XL880和TAE684,是近年来发现的一些抗肿瘤药物,目前对于这几类化合物降低眼压防治青光眼病尚无报道。
发明内容
本发明提供了4-[2-(1H-吲哚-3-基)乙烯基]苯基-1-哌嗪基-甲酮及其类似化合物或其可药用盐在降低眼压防治青光眼的药物中的新用途,N-[3-氟-4-[[6-甲氧基-7-[3-(4-吗啉基)丙基氧基]喹啉-4-基]氧基]苯基]-N’-(4-氟苯基)-1,1-环丙基二甲酰胺及其类似化合物或其可药用盐在降低眼压防治青光眼的药物中的新用途,5-氯-N2-[2-甲氧基-4-[4-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)哌啶-1-基]苯基]-N4-[2-[(1-甲基乙基)磺酰基]苯基]-嘧啶-2,4-二氨及其类似化合物或其可药用盐在降低眼压防治青光眼的药物中的新用途。
本发明的技术方案如下:
三种化合物或其可药用盐在降低眼压防治青光眼病中的新用途。所述化合物为4-[2-(1H-吲哚-3-基)乙烯基]苯基-1-哌嗪基-甲酮。结构为(A):
(A)
所述化合物为N-[3-氟-4-[[6-甲氧基-7-[3-(4-吗啉基)丙基氧基]喹啉-4-基]氧基]苯基]-N’-(4-氟苯基)-1,1-环丙基二甲酰胺。结构为(B):
(B)
所述化合物为5-氯-N2-[2-甲氧基-4-[4-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)哌啶-1-基]苯基]-N4-[2-[(1-甲基乙基)磺酰基]苯基]-嘧啶-2,4-二氨。结构为(C):
(C)
将这些化合物及其类似物或是或其可药用盐制备成经眼部给药,胃肠道给药或是非胃肠道给药的各种制剂,包括普通制剂、控释制剂、靶向制剂等针对青光眼动物模型进行治疗。
青光眼分为原发性青光眼、继发性青光眼、先天性青光眼,其中原发性青光眼又分为原发闭角型青光眼和原发开角型青光眼,不论哪种类型的青光眼病患,病人的主要表现均为眼内压(IOP)增高。有效地将低眼压,以起到减缓、控制继发病显得尤为重要,制备眼压高的动物模型,将化合物(A-C)给药,得到意想不到的神奇效果,眼压降低,青光眼病症状得到缓解,化合物(A-C)的治疗效果远强于目前临床用的阳性药。
具体实施方式
本发明所用的化合物可以商购,也可以根据相关公开的制备方法进行制备,其并不限制本发明的保护范围。下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的解释。
效果实施例
所述化合物A为4-[2-(1H-吲哚-3-基)乙烯基]苯基-1-哌嗪基-甲酮。结构为(A):
(A)
所述化合物B为N-[3-氟-4-[[6-甲氧基-7-[3-(4-吗啉基)丙基氧基]喹啉-4-基]氧基]苯基]-N’-(4-氟苯基)-1,1-环丙基二甲酰胺。结构为(B):
(B)
所述化合物C为5-氯-N2-[2-甲氧基-4-[4-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)哌啶-1-基]苯基]-N4-[2-[(1-甲基乙基)磺酰基]苯基]-嘧啶-2,4-二氨。结构为(C):
(C)
1化合物(A-C)及其类似化合物或其可药用盐对皮质类固醇激素性青光眼大鼠的保护作用
1.1实验动物及分组
健康成年Wistar大鼠,体重200-250克,无任何眼部疾病。饲育环境在温度25℃±1℃,相对湿度70%,专业饲育人员饲育。造模前用眼压计测量动物眼内压,持续观察记录眼压1周,估计正常眼压区间,剔除眼压高于或低于正常眼压区间者,取出10只作为正常对照组,其他动物开始造模,造模1周后,将模型动物随机分组:即模型组,化合物(A-C)的脂质体制剂组、眼药水组、普通粉针制剂组和口服胃肠给药组,阳性药组拉坦前列素滴眼液以及口服对照药组噻吗心安。所有动物继续造模,分组后开始给药,化合物(A-C)的脂质体制剂组实行眼内直接注射给药,化合物(A-C)眼药水组滴眼给药,化合物(A-C)普通注射液组采用静脉给药,口服药物组口服给药,阳性滴眼药采用滴眼给药,口服对照药药物采取口服,正常对照组不做处理。
1.2动物模型的建立
健康成年Wistar大鼠实验组用10%的水合氯醛以0.375ml.100g-1行腹腔麻醉后,用l毫升的注射器隔日定时在右眼球结膜下注射地塞米松0.25mg(0.05ml),左眼为对照眼,计14次,共28天。
1.3眼压测量
每次球结膜下注射造模药物前,对大鼠开睑,眼压计测量眼压,测量结果取变异系数为5%的眼压,记录。所有大鼠眼压测量由同一人完成。
1.4统计学分析
各组大鼠观察所得数据以均数±标准差(x±s)来表示,组间进行t检验。
1.5皮质类固醇激素性青光眼大鼠眼压结果
正常对照组平均眼压始终在14-15mmHg左右,未见明显变化,与正常对照组比较,模型组大鼠造模后1周(给药前)后眼压开始升高,并且随着继续造模时间延长而逐渐升高(P<0.05),药物(A-C)各个药物组均对眼内压升高均有抑制作用,且作用效果均强于滴眼阳性对照组前列素滴眼液和口服药阳性对照组噻吗心安(P<0.05或P<0.01)。化合物(A-C)起效快而且作用持续时间比较长(见表1)。说明药物(A-C)能有明显降低眼内压的作用而且作用持久。
表1皮质类固醇激素性青光眼大鼠眼压结果(mmHg,n=10)
组别 | 药前值 | 1周 | 2周 | 3周 | 4周 |
正常对照组 | 14.61±1.73 | 14.92±1.64 | 14.72±1.84 | 14.83±1.98 | 14.69±1.79 |
模型组 | 27.21±1.67## | 27.87±1.87## | 28.74±1.85## | 29.88±1.96## | 30.15±1.81## |
药物A脂质体组 | 27.34±1.57 | 20.14±1.22* | 17.14±1.11** | 15.19±1.04** | 14.73±1.01** |
药物B脂质体组 | 27.30±1.56 | 20.10±1.43* | 17.14±1.09** | 15.20±1.24** | 14.73±1.24** |
药物C脂质体组 | 27.32±1.62 | 20.12±1.32* | 17.27±1.06** | 15.29±1.11** | 14.73±1.23** |
药物A滴眼剂组 | 27.22±1.75 | 20.94±1.30* | 17.86±1.32** | 15.75±1.12** | 14.84±1.10** |
药物B滴眼剂组 | 27.18±1.59 | 20.92±1.31* | 17.24±1.30** | 15.72±1.21** | 14.82±1.15** |
药物C滴眼剂组 | 27.19±1.54 | 20.86±1.33* | 17.28±1.13** | 15.69±1.10** | 14.90±1.10** |
药物A粉针组 | 27.20±1.71 | 21.48±1.29* | 17.23±1.12** | 15.83±1.12** | 14.91±1.09** |
药物B粉针组 | 27.23±1.68 | 21.64±1.03* | 17.74±1.15** | 15.81±0.89** | 14.87±1.10** |
药物C粉针组 | 27.18±1.55 | 21.63±1.24* | 17.47±1.17** | 15.78±0.92** | 14.86±1.26** |
药物A口服组 | 27.25±1.67 | 22.85±1.34 | 18.98±1.25* | 18.34±1.20* | 16.30±1.25* |
药物B口服组 | 27.25±1.67 | 22.85±1.34 | 18.98±1.25* | 18.34±1.20* | 16.30±1.25* |
药物C口服组 | 27.25±1.67 | 22.85±1.34 | 18.98±1.25* | 18.34±1.20* | 16.30±1.25* |
滴眼阳性药组 | 27.28±1.74 | 23.98±1.25 | 21.95±1.30* | 20.48±1.23* | 19.52±1.21* |
口服对照药组 | 27.23±1.63 | 24.99±1.41 | 22.13±1.22* | 21.01±1.25* | 20.03±1.33* |
与对照组比较##P<0.01,与模型组比较*P<0.05**P<0.01
2化合物A、B、C对兔开角型青光眼的保护作用
2.1实验动物及分组
健康普通级青紫兰兔,雌雄各半,体重2.5kg左右,裂隙灯显微镜检查无眼前节病变。未造模前,随机选取实验兔20只,分别于每日多时间点测量兔双眼眼压并记录。连续观察一周后,以确定本组实验兔正常眼压范围。造模1周后后,将模型动物随机分组:即模型组,化合物(A-C)的脂质体制剂组、滴眼剂组、口服组、普通注射液组,阳性药组美替洛尔(三甲醋心安)滴眼液以及口服对照药组噻吗心安。
2.2动物模型的建立
每组10只兔右眼角膜缘12点位前房穿刺,抽出房水0.1-0.2毫升。0.3%卡波姆和0.025%地塞米松0.1-0.2毫升经穿刺口注射至前房,左眼为对照眼,连续造模一周后开始给药。
2.3测定指标
2.3.1眼压测量
动物给药后,用眼压计测量给药后第1、4、7、14、28天眼内压,测量结果取变异系数为5%的眼压,并记录。
2.3.2组织形态学观察
给药后第1、7、14、28天四个时间段以耳缘静脉推注20ml空气,处死每组兔各2只,立即摘除双侧兔眼,取出晶状体及玻璃体。每组兔实验眼和对照眼以中央为轴矢状切开为两半。将两半眼球壁分别放入4%多聚甲醛和2.5%戊二醛溶液中固定,制成光镜标本。
2.4统计学分析
各组观察所得数据以均数±标准差(x±s)来表示。组间进行t检验。
2.5实验结果
2.5.1药物对青光眼兔眼压的影响
兔造模后一周(给药前)眼压升高,即各个药物治疗组在给药前没有任何差别,给药后,各个药物组对眼内压升高均有抑制作用(P<0.05或P<0.01),其中化合物(A-C)的脂质体组效果最为明显,且药物(A-C)的各个给药方式组治疗效果均强于阳性药物组(P<0.05),起效快而且作用持续时间比较长(见表2)。说明该药物确实能够明显降低眼内压,不但起效快而且作用持久,比现有的药物的疗效更好。
表2各组药物对青光眼兔眼压的影响(n=8)
组别 | 药前值 | 1天 | 4天 | 7天 | 14天 | 28天 |
模型组 | 36.2±4.3 | 37.1±5.6 | 37.2±6.1 | 32.5±5.4 | 30.2±7.1 | 28.1±6.1 |
药物A脂质体组 | 37.1±5.6 | 21.5±4.9* | 15.5±6.8** | 14.1±4.2** | 13.4±3.2** | 12.1±2.9** |
药物B脂质体组 | 37.0±5.2 | 21.4±4.8* | 15.6±6.0** | 14.0±4.0** | 13.4±3.6** | 12.0±2.7** |
药物C脂质体组 | 37.0±5.0 | 20.5±5.0* | 15.3±5.8** | 13.9±4.4** | 13.2±2.2** | 11.9±2.3** |
药物A滴眼剂组 | 36.9±5.5 | 21.2±5.8* | 16.7±6.1** | 13.3±4.7** | 13.4±3.6** | 12.3±2.6** |
药物B滴眼剂组 | 37.0±5.0 | 21.0±5.7* | 16.9±5.7** | 13.3±4.5** | 13.5±4.0** | 12.5±3.6** |
药物C滴眼剂组 | 36.9±5.4 | 21.2±5.3* | 17.1±5.5** | 13.6±4.3** | 13.4±4.6** | 12.3±3.4** |
药物A粉针组 | 37.0±6.0 | 21.2±5.8* | 17.1±4.9** | 15.2±5.3** | 14.4±3.9** | 12.7±2.4** |
药物B粉针组 | 36.9±6.0 | 21.2±5.6* | 17.5±4.8** | 15.0±5.7** | 14.4±4.1** | 12.9±5.4** |
药物C粉针组 | 37.0±5.3 | 21.1±5.8* | 17.0±5.0** | 15.1±4.1** | 14.4±3.6** | 12.5±4.7** |
药物A口服组 | 37.0±6.1 | 28.7±6.2 | 21.7±6.1* | 19.5±5.5* | 17.2±4.8* | 14.5±4.9* |
药物B口服组 | 37.1±5.3 | 28.4±5.8 | 21.3±6.0* | 19.4±5.1* | 17.4±4.9* | 14.9±4.6* |
药物C口服组 | 37.0±5.9 | 28.2±4.5 | 21.5±5.2* | 19.9±5.0* | 17.6±5.8* | 14.2±4.3* |
阳性药组 | 36.7±5.1 | 29.1±5.9 | 24.1±5.7* | 22.3±5.3* | 21.3±4.5* | 20.4±4.3* |
口服对照药组 | 36.9±4.9 | 31.2±5.7 | 25.2±5.9* | 23.4±5.0* | 21.1±4.3* | 20.7±4.6* |
与模型组比较*P<0.05**P<0.01
2.5.2光镜结果
结果显示:正常兔眼(对照眼)下组织层为腺样层和深层的纤维层,结膜上皮层为薄的2-4层柱状上皮构成,结膜内有较细的血管;巩膜为纤维结缔组织;前房角无Schlemm管;睫状体表面有一层无色素上皮细胞,下面是色素上皮细胞层,睫状突内富含血管,睫状体平坦部仅有一层睫状肌。线粒体和微丝可见,胞浆丰富。模型组兔眼球结膜水肿,炎症细胞浸润;角膜基质水肿,炎症细胞浸润,房角闭塞。血管周围间质水肿。角膜周边血管豁形成,部分血管长入角膜基质层;睫状突无色素上皮层呈堆状,表面形成结缔组织;眼球扩张,巩膜壁变薄。药物(A-C)治疗组球结膜水肿、炎症细胞浸润减轻,效果好于对照药。实验结果说明,药物(A-C)均能改善兔开角型青光眼的病理改变,对此动物模型具有保护作用,而化合物(A-C)的脂质体眼用制剂的效果更好,可使角膜水肿减轻,部分角膜上皮细胞变薄,后弹力层皱褶;巩膜断端周围可见轻度炎症细胞浸润;睫状体断端可见少量色素颗粒。眼球无明显扩张,巩膜壁厚度变化不明显。实验结果说明,药物组(A-C)均能改善兔开角型青光眼的病理改变,药物(A-C)好于临床目前已应用的药物,而化合物(A-C)的脂质体眼用制剂的效果更好。
3化合物(A-C)或其可药用盐长效制剂对大鼠闭角型青光眼的保护作用
3.1实验动物及分组
实验采用成年雄性Wistar大鼠,体重200g-250g。造模前,将动物随机分组:即空白对照组、模型组、化合物(A-C)的口服药组、阳性药组毛果芸香碱滴眼液以及口服阳性对照药组多佐胺。所有药物均在造模后第1,4,7,10天给药,阳性药毛果芸香碱滴眼液组滴眼给药,口服对照药多佐胺采取口服。
3.2动物模型的建立
大鼠于实验前腹腔注射4%水合氯醛(200mg.kg-1),然后1%利多卡因局部麻醉大鼠角膜。高眼内压(IOP)期间,每隔半小时腹腔注射4%水合氯醛0.1-0.2毫升使动物保持麻醉状态。采用滑轮-缝线系统使大鼠右眼眼内压(IOP)升高,左侧眼球做对照。将70厘米外科缝线两端各系一相同重量祛码,缝线中间系一圆圈用于环绕大鼠眼角巩膜缘后2毫米,两端的祛码通过分别一组滑轮对大鼠眼睛持续稳定施压。砝码施压为15克,持续压力6小时,则造成大鼠闭角型青光眼模型。饲养至第14天处死,观察视乳头周围视网膜各层厚度改变。
3.3实验结果
模型组与正常对照组相比,视网膜全层厚度、内层厚度均变薄(P<0.01),显示造模成功,药物组(A-C)与模型组比较,药物组能明显改善由视网膜内层变薄导致的视网膜全层变薄,其中药物组(A-C)效果好于阳性药组,详见表3。视网膜内层的供血依靠视网膜中央动脉,细胞代谢旺盛,这使该区域的细胞和视网膜外层相比更容易受到损伤,而药物(A-C)各个组的药物可以明显改善其病理改变,所以药物(A-C)对闭角型青光眼能起到非常好的保护作用,且治疗作用效果均较阳性药组好(P<0.05)。
表3药物对闭角型青光眼大鼠视网膜的影响
组别 | 全层厚度(μm) | 内层厚度(μm) |
正常对照组 | 214.1±1.3 | 90.2±0.6 |
模型组 | 167.8±3.6### | 63.2±1.7### |
药物A组 | 207.4±2.6** | 85.4±1.2**6 --> |
药物B组 | 204.5±2.2** | 83.6±1.3** |
药物C组 | 201.9±4.6* | 80.3±1.3* |
阳性药组 | 185.8±3.7* | 74.8±1.5* |
口服对照药组 | 181.3±3.3* | 73.9±1.4* |
与对照组比较###P<0.001,与模型组比较*P<0.05**P<0.01
综合上述实验结果得出结论:化合物(A),(B),(C)制备的药物均可以明显降低眼压防治青光眼,缓解青光眼衍生眼部疾病的症状,起到较好的治疗作用,其治疗效果明显好于目前临床效果相对较好的药物。
Claims (6)
1.一组化合物或其可药用盐在制备防治青光眼病中的用途。
2.权利要求1的用途,所述化合物及其可药用盐可以降低眼压,缓解青光眼相关症状。
3.权利要求1的用途,其特征在于所述化合物为N-[3-氟-4-[[6-甲氧基-7-[3-(4-吗啉基)丙基氧基]喹啉-4-基]氧基]苯基]-N’-(4-氟苯基)-1,1-环丙基二甲酰胺,结构为:
。
4.权利要求1-3中任一项的用途,其特征在于将化合物或其可药用盐制备成经眼部给药,胃肠道给药或是非胃肠道给药的各种制剂,包括普通制剂、控释制剂、靶向制剂等。
5.权利要求4的用途,所述的眼部给药制剂为滴眼剂、粉针剂、水针剂、微球制剂、纳米制剂、脂质体制剂、树枝状高分子制剂、水凝胶制剂等。
6.权利要求5的用途,所述的胃肠道给药制剂为片剂、胶囊剂、散剂、丸剂、颗粒剂、乳剂等。
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Citations (4)
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CN1390220A (zh) * | 1999-09-17 | 2003-01-08 | 艾博特股份有限两合公司 | 作为治疗剂的激酶抑制剂 |
CN1460105A (zh) * | 2000-09-19 | 2003-12-03 | 先灵公司 | 黄嘌呤磷酸二酯酶v抑制剂 |
CN101687822A (zh) * | 2007-07-06 | 2010-03-31 | 安斯泰来制药株式会社 | 二(芳基氨基)芳基化合物 |
CN102348708A (zh) * | 2009-03-11 | 2012-02-08 | 奥克兰联合服务有限公司 | 激酶抑制剂的前药形式及其在治疗中的用途 |
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CN1390220A (zh) * | 1999-09-17 | 2003-01-08 | 艾博特股份有限两合公司 | 作为治疗剂的激酶抑制剂 |
CN1460105A (zh) * | 2000-09-19 | 2003-12-03 | 先灵公司 | 黄嘌呤磷酸二酯酶v抑制剂 |
CN101687822A (zh) * | 2007-07-06 | 2010-03-31 | 安斯泰来制药株式会社 | 二(芳基氨基)芳基化合物 |
CN102348708A (zh) * | 2009-03-11 | 2012-02-08 | 奥克兰联合服务有限公司 | 激酶抑制剂的前药形式及其在治疗中的用途 |
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