CN105792786A - 具有采集层的吸收性制品 - Google Patents

具有采集层的吸收性制品 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105792786A
CN105792786A CN201380081355.1A CN201380081355A CN105792786A CN 105792786 A CN105792786 A CN 105792786A CN 201380081355 A CN201380081355 A CN 201380081355A CN 105792786 A CN105792786 A CN 105792786A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
woven material
absorbing products
products according
top flat
adl
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Granted
Application number
CN201380081355.1A
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English (en)
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CN105792786B (zh
Inventor
P·安德松
S·阿巴斯
L·格兰
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Essity Hygiene and Health AB
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SCA Hygiene Products AB
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Publication of CN105792786A publication Critical patent/CN105792786A/zh
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    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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Abstract

吸收性制品，其包括可渗透液体的顶片、不可渗透液体的背片、布置在所述顶片和背片之间的吸收芯体以及由非织造材料制成的布置在所述顶片和吸收芯体之间的采集和分配层，所述非织造材料具有20‐40g/m2的基重，3‐20个贯通孔/cm2，所述孔在CD和MD上具有1‐3mm的直径，且至少70重量％的非织造材料包括具有12‐22μm的纤维直径的纤维。

Description

具有采集层的吸收性制品
技术领域
本发明涉及包含非织造采集和分配层的改进的吸收性制品。
背景技术
用于卫生用途的吸收性制品旨在吸收体液如尿和血液。用户对这些制品有很高的要求，要求它们是薄的和舒适的，同时还要求它们能有效地吸收体液，并使制品的表面干燥。
吸收性制品，例如卫生巾、尿布、失禁防护物等通常包括液体可透过的顶片，其打算在使用时朝向穿戴者，不可渗透液体的背片和在它们之间的吸收结构。液体采集和分配层(ADL)是高蓬松非织造物的形式，其通常被结合并被放置在顶片和吸收结构之间。包含纺粘(spunbond)非织造物形式的ADL的吸收性制品的一个例子在US20120209233A1中公开。ADL应具有在液体被吸收结构吸收前接收和铺展液体的能力。
大多数ADL能够接收并进一步分配液体到下面的吸收结构，但是在排出液体自身以及液体的可渗透顶片方面不太有效。其结果是液体在顶片和ADL中停留，导致恶臭。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有采集和分配层的改进的吸收性制品，以解决上述问题。其通过如权利要求1中定义的吸收性制品来实现。
本发明涉及一种吸收性制品，该吸收性制品包括可渗透液体的顶片，不可渗透液体的背片，布置在所述顶片和背片之间的吸收芯体，以及布置在顶片和吸收芯体之间的非织造材料制成的采集和分配层。
所述非织造材料的采集和分配层(ADL)具有20‐40g/m2的基重，其可以在一个方面是至少20g/m2且小于30g/m2。所述ADL具有3‐20个贯通孔/cm2，其在一个方面可以是3‐15个贯通孔/cm2。所述孔在CD和MD上具有1‐3mm的直径，其可以在一个方面是1.5‐2.5mm。至少70重量％的所述非织造材料包括具有12‐22μm的纤维直径的纤维。
根据一个实施方案，至少70重量％的非织造材料包括具有至少15μm和小于19μm的纤维直径的纤维。
根据另一实施方案，非织造材料的开口面积(openarea)可以是35‐65％，并且其在一个方面可以是40‐60％。
根据进一步的方面，所述贯通孔是漏斗形的。
根据进一步的实施方案，非织造材料具有在0.5kPa下为0.8‐1.2mm的厚度。
所述ADL提供对所捕获液体的极好的排水，这将导致顶片和ADL两者都具有增加的干燥度，从而导致改善的舒适性和更少的恶臭。
详细描述
本发明的吸收性制品是个人卫生制品，其可以是任何类型的吸收性个人卫生制品。术语“吸收性制品”是指那些紧贴在穿戴者的皮肤，以吸收和容纳身体排泄物如尿液、粪便和月经液的产品。本发明主要是一次性吸收制品，其意味着不打算在使用后洗涤、复原或重新作为吸收性制品使用的制品。一次性吸收制品的实例包括妇女卫生用品如卫生巾，内裤衬垫和卫生内裤；婴儿用尿布和尿布裤，以及成人失禁护品；失禁垫；尿布插入物等。
吸收性制品包括可渗透液体的顶片、不可渗透液体的背片、包封在顶片和背片之间的吸收芯体，以及在顶片和吸收芯体之间布置的采集和分配层。
ADL由非织造材料制成，并且可以基本上不含吸收性纤维和超吸收材料。ADL的非织造材料可包含热塑性聚合物纤维，并可以选自但不限于聚酯、聚酰胺和聚烯烃如聚乙烯(PE)和聚丙烯(PP)，并且可以是任何这些物质的混合物。ADL可以是由纺粘材料制成，并可以是纺粘‐熔粘‐纺粘(SMS)的材料。该非织造材料可以是亲水性的。亲水性材料可以通过加入表面活性剂来获得。亲水性材料促进液体的渗透和排出，从而保持用于接下来涌出液体的自由体积容量。ADL的基重是20‐40g/m2，并且可以是至少20g/m2，但小于30g/m2。
所述ADL具有3‐20个贯通孔/cm2，其可以是3‐15个贯通孔/cm2，并且可以是3‐10个贯通孔/cm2。所述孔在横向(CD)和纵向(MD)的直径是1‐3mm，其可以是1.5‐2.5mm。所述孔可具有任何形状，例如圆形或椭圆形。
ADL中的贯通孔可以形成依赖于材料表面的突起物。突起物可以是漏斗形的，并从ADL的表面并朝向吸收芯体延伸。漏斗的最窄部分可位于最靠近芯体，其可以额外地防止液体在朝向顶片的方向上被输送。
ADL的厚度可以如根据WSP120.6.R4(12)测定的在0.5kPa下为0.8‐1.2mm。
ADL可具有35‐65％的开口面积，并且可以是40‐60％。
至少70重量％的非织造材料包括具有12‐22μm的纤维直径的纤维，其可以是至少15μm和少于19μm的纤维。
30重量％或更少的非织造材料可包括具有小于12μm的纤维直径的纤维，其可以是小于15μm。该范围的较低部分可以是大于0.1μm。
所述纤维可以具有圆形的或非圆形的横截面。
ADL可以由SMS材料制成。纺粘‐熔粘‐纺粘(SMS)材料的ADL可以包含70‐90重量％的纤维直径12‐22μm的纺粘纤维，和10‐30重量％的纤维直径0.1‐12μm的熔粘纤维。
所述吸收性制品的顶片和背片可一起沿着吸收芯体的整个周边在所述吸收芯体的外部侧向延伸，并围绕吸收芯体的周围边缘接合(edgejoint)地相互连接。可如本领域中已知的方式，例如通过粘合剂、超声粘结、热粘结、缝合等以任何合适的方式形成所述边缘接合。
顶片可以由适用于该目的的任何材料组成，即是柔软且可透过液体的，例如非织造材料。由两种或多种材料构成的层压物，例如纺粘、熔喷、梳理成网、水刺、湿法成网的非织造布等都可以使用。合适的非织造材料可以由天然纤维构成，如木浆或棉纤维、人造纤维如聚酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、粘胶纤维等，或由天然纤维和人造纤维的混合物构成。
顶片可具有10‐20g/m2的基重。非织造顶片材料的平均纤维直径可以是10‐20μm之间，例如16μm。顶片可以是不开孔的。
背片是不可渗透液体的。然而，仅排液性的背片材料特别在预期只有相对少量的尿需要被拾取的情形下才被特别使用。所述背片通常是由薄的、柔性的、不可渗透液体的塑料薄膜构成，但不可渗透液体的非织造材料、不可渗透液体的泡沫和不可渗透液体的层压物也是本发明的范围内可预期的。背片优选是透气性的，这意味着空气和蒸气可穿过所述背片，但同时仍然防止液体穿过所述背片材料。此外，背片可具有织造材料的朝向衣服的外表面，如无纺布、薄的塑料薄膜例如聚乙烯或聚丙烯薄膜，涂覆有不可渗透液体材料的非织造材料，抵抗液体渗透的疏水性非织造材料，或塑料薄膜和非织造材料的层压物。
吸收芯体可以由如本领域中已知的任何合适的吸收体或流体吸收材料制得，例如一个或多个层的纤维素绒毛浆(fluffpulp)、泡沫、纤维填塞物等。吸收芯体可含有通常称为超吸收体的高吸收性聚合物材料的纤维或颗粒，其是具有通过形成水凝胶而吸收和保留大量液体的能力的材料。超吸收体可以与纤维素绒毛浆混合和/或可以布置在吸收芯体的口袋或层中。该纤维可以是纸浆纤维，超吸收性材料可以是基于聚丙烯酸盐的颗粒。吸收性结构可以包括40‐80％的超吸收体和60‐20％的纸浆纤维。
薄的吸收体是常见的，例如在婴儿尿布和失禁防护装置中，其经常包括纤维素绒毛浆和超吸收体的压缩混合的或层状的结构。吸收芯体的尺寸和吸收能力可以变化，以适用于不同的用途，如婴儿尿布，成人失禁尿布和垫，内裤尿布，内裤衬垫，卫生巾等。
附图说明
图1示出了根据本发明的吸收性制品的一个实施方案，其是被穿戴时从将要面对用户时的侧面所看到的。
图2示出了图1的吸收性制品沿II‐II线(ADL中的孔未示出)的截面视图。
图3是根据本发明的ADL和芯体层的一个实施方案的截面视图。
图4是本文中用于测量表面干燥度的测试中使用的漏斗的图。
图5是停留在不同类型的ADL和与顶片结合的ADL中的液体的量(以g/m2)的曲线图，如根据本文公开的表面干燥度测试所测量的。
具体实施方式
本发明现在将通过参照附图以举例的方式进行说明。在本发明的这个实施例中，吸收性制品是尿布1形式所示的尿失禁保护物。在图1中，吸收性制品是旨在面朝向穿用者的身体被佩戴时从吸收性制品的侧面所看到的，在图2中，是沿着图1中的线II‐II所看见的横截面。所述附图显示了用于婴儿或失禁成人的尿布1的实施方式，所述尿布通常包括具有可渗透液体的顶片2、不可渗透液体的背片3和其间封入的吸收芯体4的框架(chassis)。可渗透液体的顶片2可以由非织造材料构成。不可渗透液体的背片3可以由薄塑料膜构成。顶片2和背片材料3可以在平面上比吸收芯体4有稍微更大的延伸，并延伸到其边缘以外。层2和3在其突出部分以内彼此连接，例如通过热或超声波的胶结或焊接。顶片和/或背片可以进一步通过本领域已知的任何方法如粘合剂、热粘结等而连接至吸收芯体。吸收芯体还可以不连接到顶片和/或背片。
吸收芯体4可以是任何常规的类型。它可以是纤维素绒毛浆和超吸收体在吸收主体中的组合。
图1中公开的尿布1旨在包围穿戴者躯干的下部，像一双吸收性裤子。它包括前部5，前部5旨在在使用期间穿戴在用户身体的前部，后部6，后部6旨在在使用期间穿戴在用户身体的后部，和位于前部和后部之间的更窄的裆部7，裆部7目的是在两腿之间在用户的裆部穿戴。背部6设置有一对粘接带或片8或其他类型的连接装置，例如钩‐环型的紧固件。
尿布1包括弹性化的侧翼10，以形成腿部开口。所述弹性化通过在侧翼区域10中顶片和背片之间固定的弹性件11提供。图1和2中公开的尿布还包括弹性阻挡翼12，其具有近端边缘13和远端边缘14及隔开远端边缘14远离顶片的弹性部件15。这些阻挡翼12形成泄露阻挡物，并且在其近端边缘13固定到接近吸收芯体4的侧向边缘的顶片2，其或在侧翼10的区域中，或在吸收芯体4的上方。
所述尿布还可以包括在其腰部部分在制品的横向方向延伸的弹性构件形式的弹性腰部。
然而可以理解的是，上面描述的和在图中所示出的尿布仅代表非限制性的例子，本发明并不限于此，而是可以在如上所定义的任何类型的吸收性制品中使用。
非织造ADL形式的液体接收层16位于吸收芯体4和顶片2之间。在制品的使用期间，ADL拟位于尿布1的裤裆区域中。ADL是具有20‐40g/m2的基重和3‐20个贯通孔/cm2的非织造材料，所述孔在CD和MD上具有1‐3mm的直径。贯通孔没有示于图2中。ADL可以由具有25g/m2的表面重量SMS材料制成，该SMS材料划分为10/5/10g/m2。
ADL16是具有贯通孔20的三维层，贯通孔20起源于第一表面21，并朝向第二表面22延伸，如图3中所示。在第一表面21和第二表面22之间的距离是层16的表观厚度。当液体23到达ADL16的第一表面21时，其在穿过孔20之前在表面21上铺展，如图3中所示。贯通孔20在ADL16中形成突起物19。突起物19可以从表面向顶片2延伸，或者如图3所示，突起物19可以朝向吸收芯体4。
吸收芯体4可以具有一个或多个4，在尿布的前部、裆部和后部区域延伸的18个吸收层，参见图2所示。在存储层中使用的材料应具有吸收和储存大量液体的能力，并且可以包括40‐80％的超吸收体和60‐20％的纸浆纤维。
测试方法
表面干燥度
以下测试用于确定在经受一定量的液体后留在材料中的液体的量。其给出表面干燥度的良好指示，结果报告为“未排出液”(g/m2)。使用的测试液是0.9％的NaCl。
将具有6cm直径的圆形实体冲压出将要进行测试的材料。将测试样品的重量在测试之前记录下来。
参见图4，连接到圆筒的漏斗被放置测试材料的顶部，该材料继而被放置于七张滤纸(140×140mm)上。放置圆筒下方的材料时，至关重要的是材料和圆筒壁之间没有间隙。将15毫升测试液加入到漏斗，将手指放置在测量圆筒的出口，以便液体能够以恒定和控制的流量进入圆筒。当所有液体已添加到测试材料时，启动定时器至时间1分钟。1分钟后用镊子将测试材料从滤纸作为的实体移除，如果多于一种材料进行测试则分别称重。因此，将测试样品的重量注明为测试开始前和1分钟排放之后的。测试前和后之间的重量差就是留在材料中的“未排出液”(以g/m2计)。将不同ADL材料单独作为第一层(1、3、5、7、9、11号)进行测试，然后作为第二层与具有17gsm、PP非织造纺粘的1.8旦尼尔(den)的顶片(2、4、6、8、10、12号)一同测试，见下面表1所示。
表1.测试的ADL材料
高蓬松体A‐D是梳理的空气通过的粘结材料(ATB)。
在测试中使用的顶片在所有情况下都是17gsm的PP非织造材料，其是纺粘的，1.8旦尼尔。
上述材料的表面干燥度测试的结果示于图5中，其对试验材料以g/m2显示“未排出液”。根据本发明(第11和12号)实施方案的样品材料优于其它测试材料，其都与具有不同类型的高蓬松体和开孔材料进行比较。本发明的材料有效地排出掉本身和顶片附近的液体。这可以从图5中看出，因为11和12号只有少量的未排出液留在顶片和ADL中。这是ADL材料的一个极其重要的性质，因为残留在顶片和ADL中的液体将导致恶臭和不适。极好的结果也已由根据本发明实施方案的ADL实现，其中所述ADL由SMS材料制成(10/5/10g/m2)。
厚度测量
材料的厚度是根据用于非织造材料的以下标准测试方法测定：WSP120.6.R4(12)。具体来说，正常的非织造材料使用4.1，且正常的非织造材料使用0.5kPa均匀压力下的7.2的选项A。
开口面积和孔直径测量
以下的方法可以用于确定开孔材料的开孔面积和孔直径。
仪器：
‐尼康显微镜
‐个人计算机
‐软件NIS‐ElementsBR3.10
程序：
‐收集开孔材料的样品
‐定位样品在显微镜的读取表面上
‐启动软件
‐抓取样品的代表性图像
‐通过涉及由孔占据区域的高亮区的对比技术进行性能分析。
根据孔中刻画菱形的主对角线和次对角线，由软件计算高亮孔的直径。直径间比率用来确定孔相对于圆形的实际平均一致性(conformation)，其中比率为1意味着完美圆形。
通过该软件获得的平均孔面积值被用于计算百分数的开孔面积。
也可使用用于确定开口面积和孔直径的替代方法，诸如手动方法和基于扫描电子显微镜的方法。
纤维直径的测量
用于测量非织造材料的纤维直径的方法是本领域技术人员所熟知的。在本案中，纤维直径由通过从FEI公司购得的环境扫描电子显微镜XL30‐TMP所得到的非织造材料的图像的计算机化测量获得。其中假定对于圆形纤维和非圆形纤维而言纤维宽度等于纤维直径。

Claims (16)

1.吸收性制品，其包括可渗透液体的顶片、不可渗透液体的背片、布置在所述顶片和背片之间的吸收芯体以及布置在所述顶片和吸收芯体之间的由非织造材料制成的采集和分配层，其特征在于所述非织造材料具有20‐40g/m2的基重，3‐20个贯通孔/cm2，所述孔在CD和MD上具有1‐3mm的直径，且至少70重量％的非织造材料包括具有12‐22μm的纤维直径的纤维。
2.根据权利要求1所述的吸收性制品，其中至少70重量％的非织造材料包括具有至少15μm和小于19μm的纤维直径的纤维。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的吸收性制品，其中30重量％或更少的非织造材料包括具有小于12μm的纤维直径的纤维。
4.根据权利要求1‐3中任一项所述的吸收性制品，其中所述非织造材料具有至少20g/m2和小于30g/m2的基重。
5.根据权利要求1‐4中任一项所述的吸收性制品，其中所述非织造材料在0.5kPa下的厚度为0.8‐1.2mm。
6.根据权利要求1‐5中任一项所述的吸收性制品，其中所述非织造材料的开口面积为35‐65％。
7.根据权利要求1‐6中任一项所述的吸收性制品，其中所述非织造材料具有3‐15个贯通孔/cm2。
8.根据权利要求1‐7中任一项所述的吸收性制品，其中所述孔在CD和MD上具有1.5‐2.5mm的直径。
9.根据权利要求1‐8中任一项所述的吸收性制品，其中所述贯通孔是漏斗形的。
10.根据权利要求1‐9中任一项所述的吸收性制品，其中所述非织造材料是纺粘的非织造材料。
11.根据权利要求1‐10中任一项所述的吸收性制品，其中所述非织造材料是纺粘‐熔喷‐纺粘(SMS)材料。
12.根据权利要求11所述的吸收性制品，其中所述熔喷材料包含具有0.1‐12μm的直径的纤维。
13.根据权利要求1‐12中任一项所述的吸收性制品，其中所述顶片由非织造材料制成。
14.根据权利要求1‐13中任一项所述的吸收性制品，其中所述顶片由不开孔的非织造材料制成。
15.根据权利要求1‐14中任一项所述的吸收性制品，其中所述顶片具有10‐20g/m2的基重。
16.根据权利要求1‐15中任一项所述的吸收性制品，其中所述顶片由纺粘的非织造材料制成。
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