CN105789647B - 一种铂纳米镂空管的制备方法 - Google Patents
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- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006140 methanolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
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Abstract
发明涉及一种金属纳米管的制备方法，具体涉及一种尺寸均一、镂空的铂纳米管的制备方法。本发明将乙二醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和二氧化铁搅拌混合，油浴加热后，加入氢氧化钠，将反应后产物冷却洗涤干净，分散在超纯水中，加入氯铂酸搅拌，洗涤干净即可得到铂纳米镂空管。该发明制备过程简单，条件易于控制，且得到的铂纳米镂空管比表面积大，电催化活性位点多，溶液离子容易进出，有较高的催化活性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种金属纳米管的制备方法，具体涉及一种尺寸均一、镂空的铂纳米管的制备方法。
背景技术
提高催化剂对甲醇氧化的电催化活性对甲醇燃料电池至关重要，而催化甲醇氧化活性最好的催化剂是铂以及铂基贵金属催化剂。铂对于甲醇氧化具有高催化活性主要是铂能够通过借助其金属表面原子的d轨道与甲醇形成活性配合物从而促进甲醇氧化反应的进行，催化剂表面微观结构和催化材料的晶体结构和化学组成对整个催化过程也是起到关键性影响的。镂空形材料具有更多的活性位点和更大的比表面积，可以使催化剂具有更高的催化活性。因此，发明一种具有较大空洞、比表面积大、电催化活性位点多的铂纳米镂空管的制备方法具有重要的现实意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种铂纳米镂空管的制备方法，制备出尺寸均一、镂空的铂纳米管。
本发明提出的一种铂纳米镂空管的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)按质量份数，将100-200份乙二醇、1500-3000份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和0.5-2份二氧化铁搅拌混合，油浴加热到150-200摄氏度后，将得到的产物加入500-2000份氢氧化钠，反应25-45分钟，得到反应后产物；
2)将步骤1)得到的产物冷却洗涤干净后，分散在超纯水中，按质量份数，加入0.2-0.5份氯铂酸，常温条件下搅拌2-6小时，洗涤干净即可得到铂纳米镂空管。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
(1)本发明制备出的铂纳米镂空管有较大的空洞，比表面积大，电催化活性位点多，溶液离子容易进出，具有较高的催化活性；
(2)本发明制备过程简单，条件易于控制，便于规模生产。
附图说明
图1是本发明的铂纳米镂空管的透射电镜图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步阐述，而不是要以此对本发明进行限制。
实施例1：
一种铂纳米镂空管的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)按质量份数，将100份乙二醇、1500份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和0.5份二氧化铁搅拌混合，油浴加热到150摄氏度后，将得到的产物加入500份氢氧化钠，反应25分钟，得到反应后产物；
2)将步骤1)中得到的产物冷却洗涤干净后，分散在超纯水中，按质量份数，加入0.2份氯铂酸，常温条件下搅拌2小时，洗涤干净即可得到铂纳米镂空管。
如此，便可制备出直径为100纳米、长600纳米左右的、具有较高催化活性的铂纳米镂空管。
实施例2：
一种铂纳米镂空管的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)按质量份数，将150份乙二醇、2000份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和1份二氧化铁搅拌混合，油浴加热到180摄氏度后，将得到的产物加入1000份氢氧化钠，反应30分钟，得到反应后产物；
2)将步骤1)中得到的产物冷却洗涤干净后，分散在超纯水中，按质量份数，加入0.3份氯铂酸，常温条件下搅拌4小时，洗涤干净即可得到铂纳米镂空管。
实施例3：
一种铂纳米镂空管的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)按质量份数，将200份乙二醇、3000份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和2份二氧化铁搅拌混合，油浴加热到200摄氏度后，将得到的产物加入2000份氢氧化钠，反应45分钟，得到反应后产物；
2)将步骤1)中得到的产物冷却洗涤干净后，分散在超纯水中，按质量份数，加入0.5份氯铂酸，常温条件下搅拌6小时，洗涤干净即可得到铂纳米镂空管。
最后应当说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (1)
1.一种铂纳米镂空管的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
1)按质量份数，将100-200份乙二醇、1500-3000份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和0.5-2份二氧化铁搅拌混合，油浴加热到150-200摄氏度后，将得到的产物加入500-2000份氢氧化钠，反应25-45分钟，得到反应后产物；
2)将步骤1)得到的产物冷却洗涤干净后，分散在超纯水中，按质量份数，加入0.2-0.5份氯铂酸，常温条件下搅拌2-6小时，洗涤干净即可得到铂纳米镂空管。
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