CN105784555A - Dust concentration detection device and dust concentration detection method - Google Patents
Dust concentration detection device and dust concentration detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105784555A CN105784555A CN201610255817.2A CN201610255817A CN105784555A CN 105784555 A CN105784555 A CN 105784555A CN 201610255817 A CN201610255817 A CN 201610255817A CN 105784555 A CN105784555 A CN 105784555A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
- G01N15/0656—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions using electric, e.g. electrostatic methods or magnetic methods
Abstract
The invention relates to a dust concentration detection device and a dust concentration detection method. The dust concentration detection device comprises an electric field generator used for generating an electric field in a gas to be detected, an electrical signal measurement module connected to the electric field generator and used for measuring changes of an electrical signal in a circuit where the electric field is located, and a processor used for receiving the electrical signal and analyzing the changes of the electrical signal to obtain a mass concentration value of dust in the gas to be detected. The invention further discloses a corresponding dust concentration detection method.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Detection of Air Quality technical field, relate more specifically to a kind of concentration of dust detecting device and concentration of dust detection method.
Background technology
Concentration of dust in concentration of dust detection mainly detection surrounding air.Air pollution, it is also called atmospheric pollution, definition according to International Organization for Standardization (ISO), air pollution typically refers to owing to mankind's activity or natural process cause Cucumber to enter in air, present enough concentration, reach time enough, and therefore compromise comfortable, the health and wellbeing of the mankind or the phenomenon of environment.
PM2.5 is suspended in air the diameter particulate matter less than 2.5 microns.Compared with thicker Atmospheric particulates, PM2.5 particle diameter is little, and area is big, and activity is strong, easily attaches poisonous and harmful substances, for instance heavy metal, microorganism etc., and time of staying length, fed distance in an atmosphere is remote, thus the impact of atmosphere quality is particularly evident.
The adhesive force of PM2.5 is very strong, and PM2.5 is not had any filtration, obstruction ability by the physiological structure of human body, and the respiratory system of human body, cardiovascular system, reproductive system and blood system can be caused serious harm by too high PM2.5 concentration.Realize accurate, real-time, the easy detection of PM2.5 concentration, to remind the daily outdoor activity of the common people, be the people's livelihood work being significant.
Summary of the invention
The dust hazard conditions to workers ' health in order to understand, in the air of evaluating operation place, research improves dust control technology measure and evaluates the effect of dust prevention.It is required for concentration of dust is measured.The method for expressing of concentration of dust has mensuration two kinds of mass method sum.Quality concentration of dust is the quality of dust in unit volumes of air, with mg/m3Represent.The method for expressing of quantity concentration of dust is dust granules number in unit volumes of air, with n/m3Represent.
Before the sixties, the dust maximum permissible concentration of a lot of countries adopts number concentration to represent, only the state such as China, the Soviet Union adopts mass concentration to represent.Later, because it is found that the mass concentration of the progress of anthraco-silicosis and suspended dust is closely related, after the seventies, English, U.S., Deng state enter number concentration and mass concentration and with the stage, and various countries are gradually to mass concentration development.Quantity concentration of dust is easier to record and the more difficult realization of mensuration of quality concentration of dust.
This application provides a kind of concentration of dust detecting device and concentration of dust detection method, it is possible to measure the mass concentration value of dust in gas to be measured.
According to an aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of concentration of dust detecting device, including field generator, for producing electric field in gas to be measured；Electric signal measurement module, is connected to this field generator, for measuring the change of the signal of telecommunication in the loop at described electric field place；And processor, receive this signal of telecommunication, for analyzing the change of the signal of telecommunication, thus obtaining the mass concentration value of dust in gas to be measured.
According to a further aspect in the invention, it is provided that a kind of concentration of dust detection method, including producing electric field in gas to be measured with by this gas ionization to be measured；Measure the change of the signal of telecommunication in the loop at this electric field place；And analyze the change mass concentration value to obtain dust in gas to be measured of this signal of telecommunication.
Concentration of dust detecting device according to the present invention, can automatically gather and directly measure dust mass concentration, and equipment miniaturization, low in energy consumption, light weight is portable, more low cost, can at civilian or commercial kitchen area use of large-scale production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Being more clearly understood from the features and advantages of the present invention by reference accompanying drawing, accompanying drawing is schematic and should not be construed as and the present invention is carried out any restriction, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 illustrates the structured flowchart of an embodiment of the concentration of dust detecting device according to the present invention；
Fig. 2 illustrates the flow chart of an embodiment of the concentration of dust detection method according to the present invention；
Fig. 3 illustrates the structural representation of an embodiment of the concentration of dust detecting device according to the present invention；
Fig. 4 illustrates the schematic diagram of an embodiment of the movement locus in the electric field of the charged particle according to the present invention；
Fig. 5 illustrates the structure diagram of an embodiment of the field generator according to the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Feature and the exemplary embodiment of various aspects of the invention are described more fully below.In the following detailed description, it is proposed that many details, in order to complete understanding of the present invention is provided.But, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can implement when some details in not needing these details.Below the description of embodiment is only used to by illustrating that the example of the present invention provides being better understood from the present invention.The present invention is never limited to any concrete configuration set forth below and method, but covers any amendment, replacement and the improvement of element, parts and algorithm under the premise of without departing from the spirit of the present invention.In the the accompanying drawings and the following description, it does not have known structure and technology are shown, in order to avoid the present invention causes unnecessary obscuring.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, concentration of dust detecting device according to embodiments of the present invention and concentration of dust detection method are described in detail.
Fig. 1 illustrates according to a kind of embodiment, the structured flowchart of concentration of dust detecting device.According to this embodiment, a kind of concentration of dust detecting device can include field generator 110, for producing electric field in gas to be measured；Electric signal measurement module 120, is connected to this field generator 110, for measuring the change of the signal of telecommunication in the loop at this electric field place；And processor 130, it is connected to this electric signal measurement module 120, for analyzing the change of the signal of telecommunication, thus obtaining the mass concentration value of dust in gas to be measured.In one embodiment, field generator can be powered by 12VDC power supply.
Fig. 2 illustrates the flow chart of an embodiment of the concentration of dust detection method according to the present invention.As in figure 2 it is shown, in step s201, gas to be measured produces electric field with by this gas ionization to be measured.In s202, measure the change of the signal of telecommunication in the loop at electric field place.At s203, that analyzes the signal of telecommunication changes the mass concentration value to obtain dust in gas to be measured.In one example, the signal of telecommunication measured can be curtage.
In one embodiment, electric field can be produced by the electrode being connected with high tension generator, and high tension generator is by High voltage output to electrode two ends, it is contemplated that safety can also arrange overvoltage protection and current foldback circuit in high tension generator.Electrode can adopt the materials such as carbon fiber, graphite, metal.In this application, " high pressure " refers to the voltage being enough to make gas ionization to be measured (such as, gas ionization to be measured being produced a large amount of electronics), for instance can be the voltage between 50V to 10,000V.
In one embodiment, the method also includes being filtered with the particulate matter of elimination predetermined diameter scope to gas to be measured, for instance can from gas to be measured the elimination diameter particulate matter more than 2.5 microns, in order to detect the mass concentration of such as PM2.5.
In one embodiment, signal can also be filtered by the step of the changing value measuring the signal of telecommunication in electric field loop, crosses noise filtering, reduces noise jamming.For example with low-pass filtering, reject High-frequency Interference.According to noise level, it is also possible to be not filtered.
In one embodiment, the step of the changing value measuring the signal of telecommunication in electric field loop includes being amplified by the loop signal of telecommunication, such as can adopt bias pressure amplifying circuit, remove and affect without the raw electrical signal in measuring circuit in dust situation, amplify the change in electric that dust mass concentration causes.
In one embodiment, the step of the changing value measuring the signal of telecommunication in electric field loop includes the loop signal of telecommunication being carried out A/D conversion,.
In one embodiment, this loop includes being connected on resistance therein, measures the voltage at resistance two ends or by the electric current of this resistance, calculates and obtain the mass concentration of dust in air.
There is following functional relationship in the signal of telecommunication in loop and dust granules concentration value:
When being absent from molecule, the quantity of electric charge Q at electrode two endsElectricityWith electric current ISurveyExpression formula be:
When there is molecule, be can be expressed as by the electric current of resistance and voltage:
Wherein, QElectricityThe quantity of electric charge for electrode two ends；USurveyVoltage for resistance two ends；RSurveyFor the resistance value connected in the loop；U is electrode both end voltage；K is the empirical set, and can be set according to measured data；D is electrode distance；S is the area at electrode two ends；ε0For vacuum absolute dielectric constant；εElectricityChange for relative dielectric constant；For relative dielectric constant rate of change；ρ is gas density to be measured, and by atmospheric density table, can determine that Current standards air density values in conjunction with current gas pressure and temperature, it is possible to adopt gas density to be measured to deduct Current standards atmospheric density and draw the mass concentration of dust granules thing to be measured.
Fig. 3 illustrates according to a kind of embodiment, the schematic diagram of an embodiment of charged particle movement locus in the electric field.Fig. 4 illustrates according to a kind of embodiment, the structural representation of concentration of dust detecting device.As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4: field generator includes high tension generator 301 and electrode, this electrode is connected with high tension generator 301, this field generator for discharging electronics in gas to be measured, and a large amount of electronics can be discharged, a large amount of electronics are from the negative pole of electrode to positive polar motion, it is possible to make described field generator and electrode form the loop of a Guan Bi.The voltage range that this high tension generator 301 produces is for example, it can be set to be 50V-10000V.In one embodiment, high tension generator 301 can produce to be sized to the negative voltage of 3800v.By closed-loop path, electronics will migrate to the electrode other end under electric field action.In transition process, electrons adsorbs on aerial dust granules thing, so that the dust granules thing in air becomes charged particle, and migrate under the active force of electric field, causing electron transfer processes extra work, electron transfer increases dust granules and migrates spent electric energy, and contrast is without in dust particulate matter situation, the situation having dust granules thing can cause that dust granules thing migrates the electric energy increased spent by electron transfer, and causes the change of the signal of telecommunication in loop.This signal of telecommunication can include at least one in electric current, voltage and electric capacity.Such as, in gas to be measured, dust mass concentration rising can cause that in loop, current value reduces.
In one embodiment, this high voltage electric field can arrange two pole plates, gas to be measured between pole plate and pole plate together form an electric capacity, the change of the gas dust granules thing to be measured in this electric capacity can cause the change of the dielectric constant of this electric capacity, by measuring capacitance, in conjunction with dielectric constant and gas concentration relation to be measured, it is possible to analyze and obtain dust granules thing mass concentration.
In one embodiment, this electric signal measurement module 302 includes the resistance being connected in this loop, loop current change can be converted to direct measurable change in voltage by this resistance.The voltage of electric current or resistance two ends by measuring this resistance can calculate the density of gas to be measured, and then obtains the corresponding mass concentration of dust granules in gas to be measured.Closed-loop path electric current declines, and the size of dust granules thing mass concentration affects loop current.By measuring loop current change on closed-loop path, thus obtaining dust particle amount concentration value in air.Resistance value can be different according to the scope of voltage of electric field, and in one embodiment, high tension generator 301 can produce to be sized to the negative voltage of 3800v, and the resistance of precision resistance can be chosen as 1M Ω.
In one embodiment, electric signal measurement module 302 can also include amplification module 304, amplify and changed, by concentration of dust, the change in electric caused, such as can adopt bias pressure amplifying circuit, remove and affect without the raw electrical signal in electric signal measurement module 302 circuit in dust situation, amplify the change in electric that dust mass concentration causes, thus improving the sensitivity of device.In one embodiment, high tension generator 301 can produce to be sized to the negative voltage of 3800v, and the resistance of precision resistance can be chosen as 1M Ω, and the amplification of amplification module 304 can be chosen as 50 times.
In one embodiment, electric signal measurement module 302 can also include A/D modular converter 305, for instance analogue signal can be sampled through A/D modular converter 305 and be converted to digital signal, is analyzed calculating by digital signal input to processor 306.
In one embodiment, electric signal measurement module 302 can also include filtration module 303, it is possible to arranged filtration module 303 before amplification module 304, crosses noise filtering, reduces noise jamming.For example with low-pass filtering, reject High-frequency Interference.In one embodiment, high tension generator 301 can produce to be sized to the negative voltage of 3800v, the resistance of precision resistance can be chosen as 1M Ω, the amplification of amplification module 304 can be chosen as 50 times, when the sampling mould signal sampling frequency of A/D converter can be 100Hz, filtration module 303 may be selected that the low pass filter rejecting more than 100Hz High-frequency Interference.According to noise level, it is also possible to be not filtered.
In one embodiment, processor is for the voltage U at the resistance two ends by recordingSurveyCalculate the electric current I being obtained through this resistanceSurvey, and based on the quantity of electric charge Q at electrode two endsElectricity, electrode both end voltage U, electrode distance d, the area S at electrode two ends, vacuum absolute dielectric constant ε0, relative dielectric constant change εElectricity, relative dielectric constant rate of changeCalculate the density obtaining gas to be measured, thus obtaining the mass concentration of the dust of gas to be measured.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that processor can use the mode of software, hardware and/or firmware to realize.Such as, in one embodiment, processor can be realized by programmed instruction in messaging device, these programmed instruction can be stored in the nonvolatile memory of this messaging device, and makes this messaging device realize corresponding amplification module 304, filtration module 303, A/D modular converter 305 and computing module when being performed by one or more processors of this messaging device.These programmed instruction can be contained in be existed with the form such as source code, object code, intermediate code and can with in the executable file of compiling or interpretive mode execution or APP.In another kind of embodiment, processor can be realized by hard-wired circuit, and amplification module 304 therein, filtration module 303, A/D modular converter 305 and processor can be circuit that is separate and that connect, it is also possible to integrate.
In one embodiment, this concentration of dust detecting device can include testing circuit and processor 306, this testing circuit can include high tension generator 301, electric signal measurement module 302, filtration module 303, amplification module 304 and A/D modular converter 305, the signal that this signal measurement module 302 records module 303 after filtering, amplification module 304 and A/D modular converter 305 process, and the treated device 306 of digital signal after process is analyzed thus obtaining the mass concentration of dust.
According to an embodiment, concentration of dust detecting device, it is additionally provided with filter course, for filtering the particulate matter of predetermined diameter scope, it is possible to make concentration of dust detecting device only the concentration of the particulate matter of special diameter scope be checked.
According to an embodiment, being additionally provided with insulating barrier and/or screen layer, this insulating barrier is for insulating this electric field with the external world, and this screen layer is for shielding this electric field with the external world.
Fig. 5 illustrates according to an embodiment, the structure diagram of field generator.This field generator includes electrode 501, and electrode 501 is arranged in breathable housing.Extraneous air can pass through housing and contact with the electrode 501 of enclosure interior, and electrode 501 here can be carbon fibre material can also be metal needle etc..This housing is provided with insulating barrier 502 and/or screen layer 503, and this insulating barrier is for insulating described electric field with the external world, and this screen layer is for shielding this electric field relative to the external world.Such as, here insulating barrier 502 and screen layer 503 can be arranged in housing and can also be arranged in housing, can also arrange simultaneously can also be separately provided, this setup can be bonding, the modes such as inlay card are arranged on housing, it is also possible to be the mode such as extrude, wrapped to be arranged on hull outside.
In one in embodiment, housing parts could be arranged to cylinder, and outermost layer can be copper product, as electro-magnetic screen layer 503；Nexine can adopt plastic material, as insulating barrier 502；Can be distributed on the cylinder and stamp aperture, for instance aperture can be diameter is the small sircle hole of 1.5mm, as air inlet passage.
In one embodiment, electrode 501 is provided with filter course, for filtering the particulate matter of predetermined diameter scope, for instance filtering layer is configured to the particulate matter filtering out diameter more than 2.5 microns, and this fine particle is also known as PM2.5.Fine particle refers to the surrounding air air kinetics equivalent diameter particulate matter less than or equal to 2.5 microns.It can be suspended in air the long period, and content concn is more high in atmosphere for it, just represents air pollution more serious.Although PM2.5 is the component that in earth atmosphere composition, content is little, but air quality and visibility etc. are had important impact by it.Compared with thicker Atmospheric particulates, PM2.5 particle diameter is little, and area is big, activity is strong, easily attaches poisonous and harmful substances, for instance heavy metal, microorganism etc., and time of staying length in an atmosphere, fed distance are remote, thus the impact of health and atmosphere quality is bigger.So just can be used for detecting the mass concentration value of PM2.5.Filter course can be the micro-filtration membrane etc. of filter paper, polystyrene.Filter course can be arranged in housing and can also be arranged on outside housing, and this setup can be bonding, and the mode such as inlay card is arranged on housing, it is also possible to be the mode such as extrude, wrapped to be arranged on hull outside.
In one embodiment, this field generator can include electrode spaced a predetermined distance, and the spacing of electrode here is adjustable.Each electrode 501 can be provided with tip, and go-and-retum is from there being certain requirement, must prevent from puncturing and ensureing sensitivity.
In one embodiment, electrode 501 is arranged on the two ends of housing, and electrode 501 tip separation can be adjusted by adjustment parts, for instance can pass through the distance at screw thread adjustable electrode 501 tip.
In one embodiment, for instance high tension generator 301 can produce to be sized to the negative voltage of 3800v, and the resistance of precision resistance can be chosen as 1M Ω, two electrode 501 tip separation could be arranged to 7mm.
In one embodiment, concentration of dust detecting device can pass through at least one communication module (can be wire communication module or wireless communication module) and realize the communication connection between at least one other network element, this wireless communication module receives the mass concentration signal drawn by this processor analysis, and this mass concentration signal is sent to long-range server or Portable movable client, such as can pass through bluetooth module, the dust granules concentration value recorded is uploaded in real time far-end server or Portable movable client, data are shared in display in real time, equally possible employing is infrared, the wireless communication modules such as wireless network play similar communication efficiency.
It should be noted that, in the claims, word " comprising " or " including " are not precluded from there is the element not arranged in the claims or assembly.Article "a" or "an" before being positioned at element or assembly is also not precluded from the situation that there is multiple such element or assembly.
Furthermore, it should also be noted that the language used in this specification is primarily to purpose that is readable and that instruct and selects, rather than select to explain or limit the theme of the present invention.Therefore, when not necessarily departing from the scope of the appended claims and spirit, many modifications and changes will be apparent from for those skilled in the art.About the scope of the present invention, the description done in description is all illustrative and not restrictive, and it is intended that the scope of the present invention be defined by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (17)
1. a concentration of dust detecting device, including:
Field generator, for producing electric field with by described gas ionization to be measured in gas to be measured；
Electric signal measurement module, is connected to described field generator, for measuring the change of the signal of telecommunication in the loop at described electric field place；And
Processor, receives the described signal of telecommunication, for analyzing the change of the signal of telecommunication, thus obtaining the mass concentration value of dust in gas to be measured.
2. concentration of dust detecting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described field generator includes:
Electrode, described electrode is arranged in described gas to be measured；And
High tension generator, described high tension generator is connected to described electrode,
Wherein, described electrode discharges electronics under the high pressure that described high tension generator provides.
3. concentration of dust detecting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the described signal of telecommunication includes at least one in electric current, voltage and electric capacity.
4. concentration of dust detecting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described electric signal measurement module includes the resistance being connected in described loop.
5. concentration of dust detecting device as claimed in claim 1, also include following at least one:
Filtration module, for being filtered the described signal of telecommunication with the noise signal in the signal of telecommunication described in elimination；
Amplification module, for amplifying the change of the described signal of telecommunication；
A/D modular converter, for converting the described signal of telecommunication to digital signal from analogue signal,
Wherein, described digital signal is carried out described analysis by described processor.
6. concentration of dust detecting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described field generator includes electrode spaced a predetermined distance, and the spacing of described electrode is adjustable.
7. concentration of dust detecting device as claimed in claim 1, is additionally provided with filter course, for filtering the particulate matter of predetermined diameter scope in described gas to be measured.
8. concentration of dust detecting device as claimed in claim 1, is additionally provided with insulating barrier and/or screen layer, and described insulating barrier is for insulating described electric field with the external world, and described screen layer is for shielding described electric field relative to the external world.
9. concentration of dust detecting device as claimed in claim 7, wherein, described filter course is configured to the particulate matter filtering diameter more than 2.5 microns.
10. concentration of dust detecting device as claimed in claim 1, also include wireless communication module, described wireless communication module receives the mass concentration signal drawn by described processor analysis, and described mass concentration signal is sent to long-range server or Portable movable client.
11. a concentration of dust detection method, including:
Gas to be measured produces electric field with by described gas ionization to be measured；
Measure the change of the signal of telecommunication in the loop at described electric field place；And
That analyzes the described signal of telecommunication changes the mass concentration value to obtain dust in gas to be measured.
12. concentration of dust detection method as claimed in claim 11, wherein, described electric field is produced by the electrode being connected with high tension generator.
13. concentration of dust detection method as claimed in claim 11, also include the particulate matter that described gas to be measured is filtered filtering predetermined diameter scope.
14. concentration of dust detection method as claimed in claim 13, wherein, described filtration is the elimination diameter particulate matter more than 2.5 microns from gas to be measured.
15. concentration of dust detection method as claimed in claim 11, also include the described signal of telecommunication carries out at least one operation following:
The described signal of telecommunication is filtered with the noise signal in the signal of telecommunication described in elimination；
Amplify the change of the described signal of telecommunication；
Described signal of telecommunication analog digital conversion is become digital signal,
Wherein, described method also includes described digital signal is analyzed.
16. concentration of dust detection method as claimed in claim 11, wherein, the described signal of telecommunication includes at least one in electric current, voltage and electric capacity.
17. concentration of dust detection method as claimed in claim 11, wherein, described measurement includes the voltage measuring the resistance two ends being connected in described loop or the electric current passing through described resistance.
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| CN201610255817.2A CN105784555A (en) | 2016-04-22 | 2016-04-22 | Dust concentration detection device and dust concentration detection method |
| PCT/CN2017/081074 WO2017181955A1 (en) | 2016-04-22 | 2017-04-19 | Dust concentration detection device and dust concentration detection method |
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| CN201610255817.2A CN105784555A (en) | 2016-04-22 | 2016-04-22 | Dust concentration detection device and dust concentration detection method |
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| WO2017181955A1 (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2017-10-26 | 西人马（厦门）科技有限公司 | Dust concentration detection device and dust concentration detection method |
| CN107661070A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2018-02-06 | 九阳股份有限公司 | A kind of clean robot and clean method with dust detection function |
| CN109365136A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-02-22 | 衡智远科技（深圳）有限公司 | A kind of method, apparatus and calculating equipment of intelligent control electrostatic oil fume deaner |
| CN109507071A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-03-22 | 衡智远科技（深圳）有限公司 | A kind of method, apparatus and calculating equipment of detection oil smoke concentration |
| CN113340781A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-09-03 | 深圳市华西米技术有限公司 | Semiconductor environmental parameter monitoring device for intelligent warehousing |
| CN114543711A (en) * | 2022-01-23 | 2022-05-27 | 中南大学 | Method for processing sensing data of gas distance measuring system |
| CN113340781B (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2024-04-26 | 深圳市华西米技术有限公司 | Semiconductor environmental parameter monitoring device for intelligent storage |
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