CN210037702U - Atmosphere negative ion concentration detection device - Google Patents
Atmosphere negative ion concentration detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN210037702U CN210037702U CN201920781204.1U CN201920781204U CN210037702U CN 210037702 U CN210037702 U CN 210037702U CN 201920781204 U CN201920781204 U CN 201920781204U CN 210037702 U CN210037702 U CN 210037702U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an atmosphere anion concentration detection device, the device detect the negative oxygen ion concentration in to the air to the user can audio-visually observe air negative oxygen ion concentration level information, thereby provides data for the environmental quality aassessment. The device comprises an air negative ion sensor, a temperature and humidity sensing unit, a display unit and a power supply unit which are respectively in control connection with a main control unit, wherein the air negative ion sensor is connected with the main control unit through an AD conversion unit, and the power supply unit supplies power to all parts; the air negative ion sensor comprises an ion collecting barrel and a charge amplifier, wherein the ion collecting barrel comprises a shielding device, a PWM speed regulating fan and a double-barrel capacitor arranged in the shielding device, an outer barrel of the double-barrel capacitor is a hollow barrel and is connected with negative bias voltage, an inner barrel is a solid cylindrical rod, and the inner barrel is supported in the outer barrel in an insulating manner and is connected with the charge amplifier and grounded; the PWM speed regulation fan is positioned at one end of the double-cylinder capacitor.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the utility model belongs to a meteorological phenomena, environment detection field design an air negative oxygen ion detection device, have the ion and collect, the charge is enlargied, analog-to-digital conversion, temperature detects, and humidity detects, and LCD shows, and data processing function provides reliable data support for the monitoring of environment.
Background art:
in recent years, the problem of environmental pollution, particularly air pollution, has been becoming more prominent. With the increase of social productivity and economic level, people pay more and more attention to ecological environment. Air negative ions are also called negative oxygen ions, which means that 1 or more than 1 of oxygen ions with negative charges are obtained and are known as vitamins in the air. In medical health, the negative ions enter the lung and reach tissues and organs of the whole body through blood circulation, so that the comprehensive physiological health-care effect is generated on the human body.
In clinical medicine, the negative oxygen ions can be used for treating or improving respiratory system diseases, nervous system diseases and cardiovascular system diseases, and have the function of enhancing human immunity. In the aspect of environmental sanitation, the air cleaning function of the negative oxygen ions of the air mainly shows the aspects of dust removal, bacteriostasis, deodorization and the like. The floating dust with micron as unit, accompanied with bacteria, virus and harmful gas, floats in the air for a long time in positive charge, and the nasal cavity of people cannot filter the particle dust, which becomes an invisible killer harmful to the health of people. The dust with the diameter of less than 10 mu m is the most harmful to human health in the air, the dust is difficult to filter by common mechanical equipment, the air negative oxygen ions can capture the positively charged harmful substances, the air negative oxygen ions have obvious settling effect particularly on particles and floating dust with the diameter of less than 0.01 mu m, and the smaller the particle size is, the higher the capture efficiency is relatively. And the negative oxygen ions in the air can effectively absorb and eliminate irritant gases such as benzaldehyde ammonia and the like, and remove acid odor gas released by the garbage.
In terms of ecological environment, the negative oxygen ions in the air can maintain proper positive and negative ion balance in the atmosphere, thereby improving the quality of the air environment. Therefore, the concentration level of the negative oxygen ions in the atmosphere becomes an important index for measuring the quality of the air. The existing atmospheric negative ion detection system has the problems that a sensor polarized plate fan door is easy to break down, the endurance is weak, the system is limited by the environment, the application range is small, the cost is high, the power consumption is large and the like.
The invention content is as follows:
the utility model provides an atmosphere anion concentration detection device, the device detect the negative oxygen ion concentration in to the air to the user can audio-visually observe air negative oxygen ion concentration level information, thereby provides data for the environmental quality aassessment.
The utility model discloses a concrete technical scheme as follows:
an atmosphere anion concentration detection device comprises an air anion sensor, a temperature and humidity sensing unit, a display unit and a power supply, wherein the air anion sensor, the temperature and humidity sensing unit, the display unit and the power supply are respectively in control connection with a main control unit;
the air negative ion sensor comprises an ion collecting barrel and a charge amplifier; the ion collecting barrel comprises a shielding device, a PWM speed regulation fan and a double-barrel capacitor arranged in the shielding device, wherein an outer barrel of the double-barrel capacitor is a hollow barrel, negative bias voltage is connected, an inner barrel is a solid cylindrical rod, and the inner barrel is supported in the outer barrel in an insulating way and is connected with a charge amplifier and grounded; the PWM speed regulation fan is positioned on one side of the double-cylinder capacitor;
when the air negative oxygen ion concentration level display device is started, air is sucked into the double-cylinder type capacitor, negative oxygen ions in the air are deflected to the solid cylindrical rod under the action of bias voltage, the solid cylindrical rod is connected to the charge amplifier, then the charge amplifier is connected to the charge rod, the charge rod is output to the control unit after passing through the AD conversion unit, and the air negative oxygen ion concentration level information obtained after calculation processing of the control unit is displayed by the LCD of the display unit.
In the double-cylinder capacitor of the ion collecting barrel, the diameter D of the outer cylinder is 27.8mm, and the length L of the outer cylinder is 201.80 mm; the solid cylindrical rod of the inner barrel has the diameter d of 10.12mm and the length l of 201.80 mm.
Preferably, the PWM fan is a 40 × 10mm fan, and the full power air volume S is 4.0 CFM.
Preferably, the negative bias voltage connected to the outer barrel is provided by a power supply.
Preferably, the shielding means is a cylindrical or rectangular metal container.
Preferably, the charge amplifier is of the DCA10X type, and includes a charge conversion stage and a voltage amplification stage.
Preferably, the main control unit adopts a CS32F103C8 main control chip.
The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
this device adopts the electric capacity suction method to collect anion in the air to combine temperature, humidity transducer to carry out dynamic verification to the concentration of negative oxygen ion in the air, reform transform traditional device.
The device is characterized in that an ion collection function and a charge amplification function form a negative oxygen ion sensor, air negative oxygen ion concentration level signals are converted into electric signals, the electric signals can be converted into digital signals by an analog-to-digital conversion function to be communicated with a single chip microcomputer, a data processing function processes and calculates signals transmitted into the single chip microcomputer by a recursive average digital filtering algorithm, data accuracy is improved, measurement errors are reduced, and calculated data are displayed on an LCD (liquid crystal display) in a parallel communication mode.
The utility model discloses can be in real time the automatic detection concentration of negative oxygen ion in the air, it is with low costs to have, and is portable high relatively, and duration is strong, and application scope is wide, and sensitivity and accuracy are higher relatively, can effectively reflect the environmental quality problem.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an atmospheric negative ion detection device in an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a structural view of a cylindrical ion collecting apparatus in an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is an electrical schematic diagram (also referred to as abstract figure) of an atmospheric negative ion detection device according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a charge amplification circuit according to an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a power supply unit in an embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating the control of the atmospheric negative ion detecting device according to an embodiment;
in the figure, 1-inner cylinder; 2-outer cylinder; and 3, shielding the shell.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in FIG. 1, the utility model discloses atmosphere anion detection device, including main control unit, air anion sensor, AD converting unit, temperature and humidity sensing, display element and electrical unit. The air negative ion sensor is connected with the main control unit through the AD conversion unit.
The air negative ion sensor comprises an ion collecting barrel and a charge amplifier, wherein the ion collecting barrel comprises a shielding case 3, a PWM speed regulating fan and a double-barrel capacitor arranged in the shielding case. The outer cylinder 2 of the double-cylinder capacitor is a hollow cylinder, negative bias voltage is connected, the inner cylinder 1 is a solid cylindrical rod, and the inner cylinder is supported in the outer cylinder in an insulating way and is connected with the charge amplifier and is grounded; the PWM speed regulation fan is positioned at one end of the double-cylinder capacitor.
The power supply unit comprises a single power supply to double power supply unit, a boosting module and a voltage reduction module; the air negative ion sensor comprises a temperature and humidity sensor; the data conversion device is an AD conversion unit; the display unit adopts an LCD serial port screen.
When the air negative oxygen ion concentration sensor is started, air is sucked into the double-cylinder type capacitor, negative oxygen ions in the air are deflected to the solid cylindrical rod under the action of bias voltage, then the solid cylindrical rod is connected to the charge amplifier, then the negative oxygen ions are output to the control unit after passing through the AD conversion unit, and the obtained air negative oxygen ion concentration information is displayed by the LCD of the display unit after being calculated and processed by the control unit.
As shown in figure 2, the cylindrical ion collecting device is a double-cylinder structure formed by an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, the inner cylinder is arranged in the middle, a power supply is a positive 12-volt lithium battery, 12 volts are connected into the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder is grounded to form a voltage difference, and an output signal of the inner cylinder is connected into a charge amplifier. Regarding the problem of fixing the inner cylinder, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are manufactured through a 3D printer, and the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are manufactured together and fixed by using an insulating material and are also materials of the 3D printer.
As shown in fig. 3, the present invention has the following design:
the main control unit takes CKS CS32F103C8 as a main control chip, and the designed air negative oxygen ion detection device has the functions of ion collection, charge amplification, analog-to-digital conversion, temperature detection, humidity detection, LCD display and data processing. The control unit processes and calculates the signals transmitted into the single chip microcomputer, improves the data accuracy rate, and displays the calculated data on the LCD in a parallel communication mode.
The air negative ion sensor is used for collecting and amplifying negative ion information in the air; the air negative oxygen ion sensor comprises a metal shielding device and a cylindrical ion collecting cylinder. The method is characterized in that a capacitance suction method is adopted, an outer cylinder is a hollow cylinder, negative bias voltage is connected, a solid cylindrical rod in the inner cylinder starts a PWM speed regulating fan, air is sucked into the double-cylinder type capacitor, negative oxygen ions are deflected to the solid cylindrical rod under the action of the bias voltage, and the solid cylindrical rod is connected to a charge amplifier and then grounded.
The AD conversion unit can convert the electric signal into a digital signal to communicate with the singlechip; the AD conversion unit adopts a 16-bit high-precision ADS1115 analog-to-digital conversion chip, and can recognize voltages in millivolt or even microvolt level. It is driven by the MCU.
Temperature and humidity sensing adopts a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, and a special digital module acquisition technology and a temperature and humidity sensing technology are applied to ensure that the product has extremely high reliability and excellent long-term stability. The sensor comprises a resistance type humidity sensing element and an NTC temperature measuring element, and is connected with a high-performance 8-bit singlechip.
The display unit adopts an ILI9341SPI serial port 240 x 320 screen. The serial communication saves more singlechip pins, facilitates subsequent development and improves functions.
The power supply unit, as shown in fig. 5, adopts a 12V lithium battery to supply power to the whole system, and generates ± 5V, +12V, +3.3V dc voltage through a single power supply to dual power supply unit, a voltage boosting module, and a voltage reducing module to supply power to each module of the device. The 12V lithium battery is connected with the self-locking switch and is connected with the single power supply-to-double power supply unit, the boosting module and the voltage reduction module. The voltage reduction module adopts an LM2577 chip, and the voltage boosting module adopts an XL60XX series chip.
The power supply unit adopts a 12V lithium battery for power supply, and the AD conversion unit adopts a 16-bit high-precision AD conversion unit. The display unit uses an SPI serial port LCD display screen, MCU resources are saved, and preparation is made for secondary development.
As shown in fig. 4, the DCA10X charge amplifier module is used as the core component charge amplifier, and the low-cost and high-precision dc charge amplifier module can convert the charge signal into a voltage signal for output, and has good temperature stability, low noise and small frequency response error. The amplifier is internally provided with a specially designed potential zero setting circuit, so that the accuracy and reliability are high, and the problem of drifting during low-frequency testing is flexibly solved. The module is sealed and shielded by environment-friendly resin, and has the advantages of moisture resistance, shock resistance and interference resistance. The static drift is low, suitable for static or dynamic charge measurement applications of >1 nC.
The charge amplifier is made up of two parts, one part being a charge conversion stage and the other part being a voltage amplification stage. The output range is +/-220 pC to +/-22000 pC, and the output range is +/-5V to +/-10V. Rg is an adjustable resistor which can control the voltage amplification factor, and the RESET is a control port which sends out a pulse to control the charge conversion stage to clear. Again in preparation for the next charge collection.
Setting the output voltage value of the charge sensor as V, and the unit is volt; the number of the detected charges is N, and the unit is N; the charge conversion rate is K and the unit is mV/pC; s is the air extraction speed, and the unit is L/S; the atmospheric negative oxygen ion density can be calculated as:
example two:
optionally, the utility model discloses among the air anion sensor, the PWM fan adopts 40 the fan of 10mm size by 40, and supply voltage is the direct current 12V power supply, and full power amount of wind S is 4.0 CFM. The diameter D of the outer cylinder of the cylindrical ion collection barrel is 27.8mm (R is 13.9mm), and the length L is 201.80 mm; the inner metal cylinder has a diameter d of 10.12mm (r ═ 5.06mm) and a length l of 201.80 mm. Obtaining the wind speed V entering the ion collecting cylinder according to calculatione＝185.66cm/s。
After positive and negative ions in the air enter the collector along with the sampled air, the positive and negative ions are respectively deflected to the collecting plate and the polarizing plate according to different polarities under the action of a polarizing electric field between the collecting plate and the polarizing plate. The negative ions are deflected to the inner solid cylindrical rod, and go into the ground through the charge amplifier, and the charge amplifier converts the charge quantity into a voltage value to be output.
Under the action of the polarizing electric field, air ions collide with a large number of neutral gas molecules when crossing the gas, so that the moving speed of the air ions is limited. The average speed of air negative ions passing through the gas becomes the migration speed VdIt is proportional to the electric field strength E, and the proportionality constant M is the ion mobility.
Vd＝ME
Ion mobility is an important parameter for resolving the size of the measured ion diameter. According to the relevant data, the ion mobility of the atmospheric negative oxygen ion is 0.4(cm2/V s)【2】. In conjunction with the structure of the ion collecting device, a calculation formula for ion mobility can be obtained:
wherein: veIs the pumping rate (cm/s); r is the outer cylinder radius (cm); r is the inner cylinder radius (cm); l is the length of the outer cylinder; u is the polarization voltage (V).
According to the calculation, the calculation formula for obtaining the value of the polarization voltage is as follows:
in the device, the polarization voltage takes 7.19V.
Example three:
the working process of the utility model is as follows, as shown in figure 6:
firstly, initializing pin clocks of all modules, then carrying out register configuration on a conversion unit ADS1115, a temperature and humidity sensor DHT11 and an LCD module, after the configuration is completed, outputting a low level signal to a charge amplifier by a main controller, enabling the charge amplifier to start working, then reading AD sampled data and carrying out amplitude limiting filtering on the AD sampled data, regulating the difference between the values of the two times before and after the two times to be not more than 20% of the original value, and then reading the data of the temperature and humidity sensor and displaying the data on an LCD screen.
The steps of reading AD and wet and warm data are repeated 20 times, and the data are stored,then calculating the average value of the two and then carrying out numerical conversion, wherein the formula is
The output voltage value of the charge sensor is V, and the unit is volt; the charge conversion rate is K and the unit is mV/pC; s is the pumping speed and the unit is L/S. And calculating KxS according to specific hardware parameters. And displaying the calculated numerical value, namely the air anion number on an LCD screen. And finally, the MCU outputs a high level which is often 1 second to clear the charge amplifier, and the next cycle is started.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an atmosphere anion concentration detection device which characterized in that: the air negative ion sensor is connected with the main control unit through the AD conversion unit, and the power supply unit supplies power to all parts;
the air negative ion sensor comprises an ion collecting barrel and a charge amplifier, wherein the ion collecting barrel comprises a shielding device, a PWM speed regulating fan and a double-barrel capacitor arranged in the shielding device, an outer barrel of the double-barrel capacitor is a hollow barrel and is connected with negative bias voltage, an inner barrel is a solid cylindrical rod, and the inner barrel is supported in the outer barrel in an insulating manner and is connected with the charge amplifier and grounded; the PWM speed regulation fan is positioned at one end of the double-cylinder capacitor;
when the air negative oxygen ion concentration sensor is started, air is sucked into the double-cylinder type capacitor, negative oxygen ions in the air are deflected to the solid cylindrical rod under the action of bias voltage, then the solid cylindrical rod is connected to the charge amplifier, then the negative oxygen ions are output to the control unit after passing through the AD conversion unit, and the obtained air negative oxygen ion concentration information is displayed by the LCD of the display unit after being calculated and processed by the control unit.
2. The atmospheric negative ion concentration detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the double-cylinder capacitor of the ion collecting barrel, the diameter D of the outer cylinder is 27.8mm, and the length L of the outer cylinder is 201.80 mm; the solid cylindrical rod of the inner barrel has the diameter d of 10.12mm and the length l of 201.80 mm.
3. The atmospheric negative ion concentration detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the PWM fan adopts a 40 × 10mm fan, and the full-power air volume S =4.0 CFM.
4. The atmospheric negative ion concentration detection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the negative bias voltage connected with the outer cylinder is provided by a power supply.
5. The atmospheric negative ion concentration detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the shielding device is a cylindrical or rectangular metal container.
6. The atmospheric negative ion concentration detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the charge amplifier is of the type DCA10X and includes a charge conversion stage and a voltage amplification stage.
7. The atmospheric negative ion concentration detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: the main control unit adopts a CS32F103C8 main control chip.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110044996A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-07-23 | 南京信息工程大学 | Atmosphere negative ion concentration detection device |
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| CN110044996A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-07-23 | 南京信息工程大学 | Atmosphere negative ion concentration detection device |
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Granted publication date: 20200207 |