CN105782367A - 两挡行星式传动装置 - Google Patents

两挡行星式传动装置 Download PDF

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CN105782367A
CN105782367A CN201610009899.2A CN201610009899A CN105782367A CN 105782367 A CN105782367 A CN 105782367A CN 201610009899 A CN201610009899 A CN 201610009899A CN 105782367 A CN105782367 A CN 105782367A
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CN105782367B (zh
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C.特里恩德尔
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Deguan Precision Co.,Ltd.
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German Tech Precision Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H59/02—Selector apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D11/00—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts
    • F16D11/14—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts with clutching members movable only axially
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D11/00—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts
    • F16D2011/004—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts using an internal or intermediate axially slidable sleeve, coupling both components together, whereby the intermediate sleeve is arranged internally at least with respect to one of the components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D11/00—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts
    • F16D2011/008—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts characterised by the form of the teeth forming the inter-engaging parts; Details of shape or structure of these teeth
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F16H2063/3093—Final output elements, i.e. the final elements to establish gear ratio, e.g. dog clutches or other means establishing coupling to shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/0034—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising two forward speeds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2002—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
    • F16H2200/2005—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with one sets of orbital gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2035—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with two engaging means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2064—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes using at least one positive clutch, e.g. dog clutch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2094—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion using positive clutches, e.g. dog clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2306/00—Shifting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/46—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears
    • F16H3/48—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears
    • F16H3/52—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears comprising orbital spur gears
    • F16H3/54—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears comprising orbital spur gears one of the central gears being internally toothed and the other externally toothed

Abstract

两挡行星式传动装置，具有：带有与驱动轴连接的太阳轮的驱动轴；与驱动轴同轴的、与行星架连接的输出轴；具有与行星轮在接合中的内齿部的齿圈；以及换挡衬套，其在所述驱动轴的设有外齿部的套筒上以及在所述齿圈的外齿部上能够从第一换挡位置轴向地移动到第二换挡位置中，在所述第一换挡位置中，所述换挡衬套连接所述齿圈与所述行星式传动装置的壳体，在所述第二换挡位置中，所述换挡衬套连接所述齿圈与所述套筒；以及具有用于使能够移动的换挡衬套在所述套筒上定心的机构。根据本发明规定，所述用于定心的机构由在所述套筒的齿顶和所述换挡衬套的齿底之间的小于0.1mm、优选地在0.05和0.07mm之间的间隙配合定心缝隙构成。

Description

两挡行星式传动装置
技术领域
本发明涉及根据权利要求1的前序部分所述的两挡行星式传动装置（Zweigang-Planetengetriebe）。这样的换挡传动装置例如在如下的机床中得到使用，其中借助于换挡机构（所述换挡机构的执行器可以是具有传动装置的电马达）实施从直接挡（i=1）到传动比i≠1（大多进入低速）的换挡。所述换挡在此通过能够轴向移动的换挡衬套(Schaltmuffe)进行，所述换挡衬套也被称作捕获的(gefangen)移动衬套并且通过内齿部连接齿圈与所述行星式传动装置的壳体或者套筒。
背景技术
在现代的机床、例如车床或者铣床中，关于转速、振动和精确性的要求非常高。出于该原因，在所述行星式传动装置中将不平衡度限制到最低程度是必要的，用以能够尽可能准确地实施工件表面的加工。
DE10348755A1的主题是在权利要求1的前序部分中说明的类型的行星式传动装置，其中为了使能够移动的换挡衬套在所述套筒处定心，构造有定心件(Zentrierbund)，所述换挡衬套在其与套筒的接合位置中包围所述定心件并且贴靠在所述定心件上。然而，这样的结构具有以下缺点，即在通过铣削制造齿部时，铣刀的加工区域沿着轴向的方向被限制，因为尤其在铣削时，铣刀相对于所述驱动轴的轴线方向倾斜地碰撞在所述定心件处。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于，如下地构造开头阐释的类型的行星式传动装置，从而在制造套筒的外齿部时，铣削过程沿着轴向的方向没有被阻碍，而在套筒和换挡衬套之间的定心特性在此没有受到妨碍。
为了解决该任务，根据本发明规定，用于使能够移动的换挡衬套在所述套筒上定心的机构由套筒的齿顶和换挡衬套的齿底之间的间隙配合定心缝隙（Spielpassungs-Zentrierspalt）构成，其小于0.1mm、优选在0.05和0.07mm之间。
该解决方案相对于现有技术具有以下优点，即不再要求定心件，因为定心现在直接通过套筒的齿顶圆和换挡衬套的齿底圆之间的齿部进行。所述齿部能够如下准确地制造，使得即使在转速较高时，也不出现值得注意的会妨碍精确的表面加工的振动。
在本发明的有利的改进方案中，套筒的顶圆齿部和换挡衬套的底圆齿部沿着所述换挡衬套的移动方向具有引入斜度，所述引入斜度能够相对于轴线平行的水平方向具有10°的角度。
附图说明
本发明接下来以在附图中示出的实施例进行阐释。其中示出：
图1示出了根据本发明的行星式传动装置的纵剖图；
图2以放大的图示出了根据本发明的定心齿部的局部视图；
图3示出了通过齿部区域的部分的示意性的纵剖图；
图4示出了齿部区域的横截面；并且
图5以放大的尺度示出图4的局部。
具体实施方式
如图1示出的那样，在壳体10中安置行星式传动装置12，所述行星式传动装置能够通过在所述壳体10上安装的换挡机构14换挡，所述换挡机构例如具有带有传动装置的电马达作为执行器。
两级的行星式传动装置12具有带有用于抗扭转地容纳驱动轴的轴向孔16的空心的套筒30，所述驱动轴由此与太阳轮18连接，以及同轴的输出轴20与行星架22连接，由所述行星架能够识别出两个行星轮24。所述两个行星轮与齿圈28的内直径26啮合。
所述套筒30具有外齿部32，换挡衬套34利用内齿部36在所述外齿部上能够轴向移动（参见图2至5）。如提到的那样，所述换挡衬套34的轴向移动能够通过在所述换挡机构14中布置的带有传动装置的电马达进行。球轴承38用于支承所述换挡衬套34，而另外的球轴承40用于在支承壳体42中径向支承齿圈28，所述支承壳体法兰连接到所述壳体10处。
在图1中示出的换挡位置（第二换挡位置）中，所述换挡衬套34连接所述套筒30与所述齿圈28的外齿部42，由此在置入到所述轴向孔16中的驱动轴和所述输出轴20之间产生直接的传动（i=1）。在第一换挡位置中，其中图1中的换挡衬套34向右移动，使得所述换挡衬套的外齿部44与壳体固定的制动盘46进入接合，进行转矩从驱动轴经由所述行星轮24传递到所述输出轴20上。
图3示出，不仅所述套筒30的顶圆齿部（外齿部32）而且还有所述换挡衬套34的底圆齿部52（内齿部）沿着所述换挡衬套34的接合方向（Einrückrichtung）（箭头s）具有引入斜度54，所述引入斜度相对于轴线平行的水平方向形成大约10°的角度。
在图4和5中最后能够识别出，在所述套筒30的外齿部32的齿顶和所述换挡衬套34的齿底52之间构造间隙配合定心缝隙56，所述间隙配合定心缝隙一方面有利于两个齿部之间的移动接合并且另一方面如此地小，使得所述间隙配合定心缝隙能够承担定心功能。所述定心缝隙56小于0.1mm、优选在0.05和0.07mm之间。

Claims (3)

1.两挡行星式传动装置，包括：驱动轴，带有与所述驱动轴连接的太阳轮（18）；与所述驱动轴同轴的、与行星架（22）连接的输出轴（20）；具有与行星轮（24）接合的内齿部（26）的齿圈（28）；以及换挡衬套（34），所述换挡衬套在所述驱动轴的设有外齿部（32）的套筒（30）上以及在所述齿圈（28）的外齿部（42）上能够从第一换挡位置轴向地移动到第二换挡位置中，在所述第一换挡位置中所述换挡衬套连接所述齿圈（28）与所述行星式传动装置（12）的壳体（10），在所述第二换挡位置中所述换挡衬套连接所述齿圈（28）与所述驱动轴的套筒（30）；以及具有用于使能够移动的换挡衬套（34）在所述套筒（30）上定心的机构，其特征在于，所述用于定心的机构由在所述套筒（30）的齿顶（32）和所述换挡衬套（34）的齿底（52）之间的小于0.1mm、优选地在0.05与0.07mm之间的间隙配合定心缝隙（56）构成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的行星式传动装置，其特征在于，所述套筒（30）的顶圆齿部和所述换挡衬套（34）的底圆齿部（52）沿着所述换挡衬套（34）的接合方向（s）具有引入斜度（54）。
3.根据权利要求2所述的行星式传动装置，其特征在于，所述引入斜度（54）相对于轴线平行的水平方向具有10°的角度。
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TWI629423B (zh) 2018-07-11
DE102015100188A1 (de) 2016-07-14
KR101920906B1 (ko) 2018-11-21
TW201632768A (zh) 2016-09-16
KR20160085722A (ko) 2016-07-18

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