CN105767975A - Jerusalem artichoke whole powder and processing method thereof - Google Patents
Jerusalem artichoke whole powder and processing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105767975A CN105767975A CN201610188791.4A CN201610188791A CN105767975A CN 105767975 A CN105767975 A CN 105767975A CN 201610188791 A CN201610188791 A CN 201610188791A CN 105767975 A CN105767975 A CN 105767975A
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Abstract
The invention discloses Jerusalem artichoke whole powder and a processing method thereof. The processing method comprises the following steps: heating fresh Jerusalem artichoke tubers under a pressure of 5-6MPa by steam until convexes raise on surfaces of the Jerusalem artichoke tubers; rinsing peels of the heated Jerusalem artichoke tubers by running water of 2-6MPa so as to remove the peels of the Jerusalem artichoke tubers; cutting the peeled Jerusalem artichoke tubers into Jerusalem artichoke slices; pre-cooking the Jerusalem artichoke slices at 50-75 DEG C for 3-10 minutes; steaming the pre-cooked Jerusalem artichoke slices at 90-100 DEG C for 2-5 minutes; spreading the steamed Jerusalem artichoke slices so as to naturally cooling and airing the steamed Jerusalem artichoke slices until moistures of the aired Jerusalem artichoke slices are lower than 30%; drying the aired Jerusalem artichoke slices until moistures of the Jerusalem artichoke slices are lower than 5-8%; crushing the dried Jerusalem artichoke slices, so that the Jerusalem artichoke whole powder is prepared. Fresh Jerusalem artichoke tubers are utilized as the raw materials of the processing method provided by the invention, and no food additive is added into the fresh Jerusalem artichoke tubers; thus, the prepared Jerusalem artichoke whole powder is a purely natural green healthy food which is free of peculiar smell, capable of preserving original refreshing aroma of the Jerusalem artichoke whole powder, and free of any material composition additions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to food processing technology field, be specifically related to a kind of jerusalem artichoke whole powder and processing method thereof.
Background technology
Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthustuberosus), has another name called Jerusalem artichoke and Jerusalem artichoke, is Compositae Helianthus herbaceos perennial.The fructose polymers such as its underground tuber rich in starch, inulin, it is possible to edible, cook or cook gruel, salted white, and dry in the sun Jerusalem artichoke does, or produces starch and alcohol raw material.Jerusalem artichoke has a hypoglycemic effect of dropping, and promotes that sugar decomposes, and has that to make superfluous sugar transition be the effect of heat, improves internal lipid homeostasis.Carbohydrate in Jerusalem artichoke is mainly inulin, is one of rare several water soluble dietary fiber of having now been found that.Its calorific value is low, has the features such as non-insulin dependence and non-dental caries, is taken as dietary fiber sources and the fat substitute of high-quality, is widely used in the making of the food such as milk product, bread, confection, beverage, flavoring agent, functional food, medicine and health product.Mostly it is used at present extracting inulin.
Along with the development of society, the raising day by day of people's living standard, healthy consumption, fashional consumption require to gradually step up, and essential change is occurring the value of consumption, just develops towards ecosystem, high-quality, health, fashion direction.Inulin has the double grading of dietary fiber and oligosaccharide, has wide market prospect.
Jerusalem artichoke whole powder prepared by current production technology is adopted to be primarily present following weak point: the jerusalem artichoke whole powder that (1) produces has abnormal flavour；(2) for preventing Jerusalem artichoke section variable color from adding the compositions such as some chemical substances with anti-oxidation function, cause that prepared jerusalem artichoke whole powder is not natural green food.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of jerusalem artichoke whole powder and processing method thereof, can keeping the original faint scent of jerusalem artichoke whole powder, fully natural green health food jerusalem artichoke whole powder without any material composition to obtain, this processing method is easy and simple to handle simultaneously, production cost is low.
Based on above-mentioned purpose, the processing method of jerusalem artichoke whole powder provided by the invention includes
Fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber adopts steam heat under 5～6MPa pressure, makes Jerusalem artichoke surface bear projection, then adopt the crust of the fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber of running water of 2～6Mpa, to remove the crust of Jerusalem artichoke tuber；
The fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber removing crust is cut into Jerusalem artichoke sheet；
First by Jerusalem artichoke sheet in 50～75 DEG C of 3～10min that precook, then by Jerusalem artichoke sheet in 90～100 DEG C of steaming and decocting 2～5min；
Being spread out by Jerusalem artichoke sheet after steaming and decocting, natural cooling dry in the sun are down to less than 30% to taro sheet moisture；
Jerusalem artichoke sheet drying after dry in the sun is down to less than 5～8% to moisture；
Dried Jerusalem artichoke sheet is pulverized, prepares jerusalem artichoke whole powder.
In some embodiments of the invention, described steam warm-up time is 10～30 seconds.
In some embodiments of the invention, the thickness of described crust is 0.5～1mm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the Jerusalem artichoke tuber removing crust is cut into the thick Jerusalem artichoke sheet of 2～4mm.
In some embodiments of the invention, being dried by the Jerusalem artichoke sheet after dry in the sun in Fluidized-bed dryer, baking temperature is import 80～100 DEG C, exports 40～60 DEG C.
In some embodiments of the invention, blowing device is adopted not remove the peel crust thoroughly in crushing process.
In some embodiments of the invention, in drying course, every 1～3min stirs a Jerusalem artichoke sheet.
In some embodiments of the invention, described Jerusalem artichoke tuber weight is at more than 40g.
The present invention also provides for a kind of jerusalem artichoke whole powder, and described jerusalem artichoke whole powder obtains according to the processing method of above-mentioned jerusalem artichoke whole powder.
As can be seen from above, processing method provided by the invention is with fresh Jerusalem artichoke for raw material, without any food additive, it is possible to produce a kind of free from extraneous odour, the original faint scent of jerusalem artichoke whole powder, fully natural green health food jerusalem artichoke whole powder without any material composition can be kept.And this processing method is simple, with low cost.The jerusalem artichoke whole powder being processed into by method provided by the invention is fine and smooth, soft, can wide popularization and application.The present invention can realize the comprehensive utilization to Jerusalem artichoke raw material, both instant, is easy to again store, is greatly enhanced its economic worth.Compared with prior art, this jerusalem artichoke whole powder is conducive to the two-ways regulation of blood glucose, is conducive to improving intestinal environment, is conducive to improving internal lipid homeostasis, is the health food of a kind of rare low in calories, low sugar, low fat.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in more detail.
Embodiment 1
The processing method of jerusalem artichoke whole powder provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) select materials: the Jerusalem artichoke tuber of results is selected, select complete, without scab, the fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber damaged by worms as processing raw material, control Jerusalem artichoke tuber weight is at more than 40g；
(2) arrange washing: by fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber remove impurity, with brush in clear water by fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber washes clean, then drain the water；
(3) peeling: adopt steam to heat under 5.5MPa pressure 20 seconds on the fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber after cleaning, make Jerusalem artichoke surface bear projection, then adopt the crust of the fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber of running water of 3Mpa, to remove the crust thick for 0.8mm of Jerusalem artichoke tuber；
(4) section: the fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber removing crust is cut in time the thick Jerusalem artichoke sheet of 3mm；
(5) steaming and decocting: first by Jerusalem artichoke sheet in 70 DEG C of 8min that precook, then by Jerusalem artichoke sheet in 100 DEG C of steaming and decocting 3min；
(6) dry in the sun: by taking out after the Jerusalem artichoke sheet dewatering after steaming and decocting, being then placed in one by one on bamboo mat and spread out, natural cooling dry in the sun are down to less than 30% to taro sheet moisture；
(7) dry: the Jerusalem artichoke sheet after dry in the sun is dried in Fluidized-bed dryer, baking temperature is import 80～90 DEG C, exports 55～60 DEG C, and in drying course, every 2min stirs once, guaranteeing that Jerusalem artichoke sheet is dried uniformly, the moisture of dried Jerusalem artichoke sheet is down to less than 7%；
(8) pulverize: dried Jerusalem artichoke sheet is pulverized, adopt blowing device not remove the peel crust thoroughly in crushing process, improve the degree of purity of gained jerusalem artichoke whole powder, the jerusalem artichoke whole powder after pulverizing is crossed 90 mesh sieves；
(9) packed products: finished product, after automatic packaging machine is packed, is delivered to warehouse for finished product and deposited and treat pin or make series of products by the jerusalem artichoke whole powder in finishing room.
Embodiment 2
The processing method of jerusalem artichoke whole powder provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) select materials: the Jerusalem artichoke tuber of results is selected, select complete, without scab, the fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber damaged by worms as processing raw material, control Jerusalem artichoke tuber weight is at more than 40g；
(2) arrange washing: by fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber remove impurity, with brush in clear water by fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber washes clean, then drain the water；
(3) peeling: adopt steam to heat under 5.2MPa pressure 27 seconds on the fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber after cleaning, make Jerusalem artichoke surface bear projection, then adopt the crust of the fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber of running water of 4Mpa, to remove the crust thick for 0.7mm of Jerusalem artichoke tuber；
(4) section: the fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber removing crust is cut in time the thick Jerusalem artichoke sheet of 2.2mm；
(5) steaming and decocting: first by Jerusalem artichoke sheet in 55 DEG C of 6min that precook, then by Jerusalem artichoke sheet in 92 DEG C of steaming and decocting 2min；
(6) dry in the sun: by taking out after the Jerusalem artichoke sheet dewatering after steaming and decocting, being then placed in one by one on bamboo mat and spread out, natural cooling dry in the sun are down to less than 25% to taro sheet moisture；
(7) dry: the Jerusalem artichoke sheet after dry in the sun is dried in Fluidized-bed dryer, baking temperature is import 85～92 DEG C, exports 50～58 DEG C, and in drying course, every 1.5min stirs once, guaranteeing that Jerusalem artichoke sheet is dried uniformly, the moisture of dried Jerusalem artichoke sheet is down to less than 5%；
(8) pulverize: dried Jerusalem artichoke sheet is pulverized, adopt blowing device not remove the peel crust thoroughly in crushing process, improve the degree of purity of gained jerusalem artichoke whole powder, the jerusalem artichoke whole powder after pulverizing is crossed 80 mesh sieves；
(9) packed products: finished product, after automatic packaging machine is packed, is delivered to warehouse for finished product and deposited and treat pin or make series of products by the jerusalem artichoke whole powder in finishing room.
Embodiment 3
The processing method of jerusalem artichoke whole powder provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) select materials: the Jerusalem artichoke tuber of results is selected, select complete, without scab, the fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber damaged by worms as processing raw material, control Jerusalem artichoke tuber weight is at more than 40g；
(2) arrange washing: by fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber remove impurity, with brush in clear water by fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber washes clean, then drain the water；
(3) peeling: adopt steam to heat under 5MPa pressure 28 seconds on the fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber after cleaning, make Jerusalem artichoke surface bear projection, then adopt the crust of the fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber of running water of 3Mpa, to remove the crust thick for 0.5mm of Jerusalem artichoke tuber；
(4) section: the fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber removing crust is cut in time the thick Jerusalem artichoke sheet of 2mm；
(5) steaming and decocting: first by Jerusalem artichoke sheet in 68 DEG C of 10min that precook, then by Jerusalem artichoke sheet in 90 DEG C of steaming and decocting 5min；
(6) dry in the sun: by taking out after the Jerusalem artichoke sheet dewatering after steaming and decocting, being then placed in one by one on bamboo mat and spread out, natural cooling dry in the sun are down to less than 25% to taro sheet moisture；
(7) dry: the Jerusalem artichoke sheet after dry in the sun is dried in Fluidized-bed dryer, baking temperature is import 95～100 DEG C, exports 40～50 DEG C, and in drying course, every 3min stirs once, guaranteeing that Jerusalem artichoke sheet is dried uniformly, the moisture of dried Jerusalem artichoke sheet is down to less than 8%；
(8) pulverize: dried Jerusalem artichoke sheet is pulverized, adopt blowing device not remove the peel crust thoroughly in crushing process, improve the degree of purity of gained jerusalem artichoke whole powder, the jerusalem artichoke whole powder after pulverizing is crossed 50 mesh sieves；
(9) packed products: finished product, after automatic packaging machine is packed, is delivered to warehouse for finished product and deposited and treat pin or make series of products by the jerusalem artichoke whole powder in finishing room.
Embodiment 4
The processing method of jerusalem artichoke whole powder provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) select materials: the Jerusalem artichoke tuber of results is selected, select complete, without scab, the fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber damaged by worms as processing raw material, control Jerusalem artichoke tuber weight is at more than 40g；
(2) arrange washing: by fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber remove impurity, with brush in clear water by fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber washes clean, then drain the water；
(3) peeling: adopt steam to heat under 6MPa pressure 10 seconds on the fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber after cleaning, make Jerusalem artichoke surface bear projection, then adopt the crust of the fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber of running water of 4.6Mpa, to remove the crust thick for 1mm of Jerusalem artichoke tuber；
(4) section: the fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber removing crust is cut in time the thick Jerusalem artichoke sheet of 2mm；
(5) steaming and decocting: first by Jerusalem artichoke sheet in 73 DEG C of 4min that precook, then by Jerusalem artichoke sheet in 94 DEG C of steaming and decocting 4min；
(6) dry in the sun: by taking out after the Jerusalem artichoke sheet dewatering after steaming and decocting, being then placed in one by one on bamboo mat and spread out, natural cooling dry in the sun are down to less than 20% to taro sheet moisture；
(7) dry: the Jerusalem artichoke sheet after dry in the sun is dried in Fluidized-bed dryer, baking temperature is import 82～95 DEG C, exports 45～55 DEG C, and in drying course, every 1min stirs once, guaranteeing that Jerusalem artichoke sheet is dried uniformly, the moisture of dried Jerusalem artichoke sheet is down to less than 6.5%；
(8) pulverize: dried Jerusalem artichoke sheet is pulverized, adopt blowing device not remove the peel crust thoroughly in crushing process, improve the degree of purity of gained jerusalem artichoke whole powder, the jerusalem artichoke whole powder after pulverizing is crossed 70 mesh sieves；
(9) packed products: finished product, after automatic packaging machine is packed, is delivered to warehouse for finished product and deposited and treat pin or make series of products by the jerusalem artichoke whole powder in finishing room.
Utilizing the jerusalem artichoke whole powder that said method is processed into can make Jerusalem artichoke steamed bread, manufacture method is as follows: jerusalem artichoke whole powder 50 parts, Plain flour 45 parts, gluten meal 5 parts, and yeast is a little, adds suitable quantity of water.Utilizing the steamed bread that jerusalem artichoke whole powder makes, color and luster is tenderly white, the distinctive local flavor of existing Jerusalem artichoke, maintains again the mouthfeel of tradition steamed bread, comprehensive nutrition, stay in grade.The jerusalem artichoke whole powder that said method is processed into is utilized to be possible not only to make steamed bread, it is also possible to make noodles, steamed roll, steamed bun, dumpling wrapper, Wantun skin etc..Enrich the market demand.
Compared with prior art, the present invention, in step of selecting materials, controls Jerusalem artichoke tuber weight at more than 40g, if it is too little to be because Jerusalem artichoke tuber, influence whether finally to be processed into the quality of jerusalem artichoke whole powder, the Jerusalem artichoke tuber of more than 40g, contained by it, sugar is of a relatively high, and the jerusalem artichoke whole powder taste being processed into is also better；Steam peeling method provided by the invention both can ensure that decortication effect, in turn ensure that not wasting of raw material；Jerusalem artichoke tuber is cut into thin Jerusalem artichoke sheet by the present invention, is conducive to the contact area increasing Jerusalem artichoke with water, shortens Jerusalem artichoke digestion time, and thin Jerusalem artichoke sheet more can reduce energy consumption in dry in the sun and dry flow process, improve efficiency；The thickness of section is best between 2～4mm, and more thin sugar of cut into slices loss is more many, and cutting into slices too thick improves again production cost.And the present invention adopts steaming and decocting, the mode combined of precooking can make the polyphenol oxidase enzyme deactivation of Jerusalem artichoke slice surface, reaches to prevent Jerusalem artichoke thin slice generation brown stain, keeps effect of the original color and luster of Jerusalem artichoke；And through the jerusalem artichoke whole powder free from extraneous odour that the method produces, it is possible to keep the original faint scent of jerusalem artichoke whole powder.Jerusalem artichoke sheet is carried out dry in the sun by the present invention, it is possible to reduce Jerusalem artichoke chip moisture, it is prevented that section adhesion, thus shortening drying time, improves make efficiency；Further, the present invention adopts blowing device to remove in peeling step in crushing process and does not remove the peel crust thoroughly, it is possible to keeps jerusalem artichoke whole powder free from extraneous odour and keeps original faint scent.
Those of ordinary skill in the field are it is understood that the discussion of any of the above embodiment is exemplary only, it is not intended that hint the scope of the present disclosure (including claim) is limited to these examples；Under the thinking of the present invention, can also be combined between technical characteristic in above example or different embodiment, step can realize with random order, and there are other changes many of the different aspect of the present invention as above, for they not offers in details simple and clear.Therefore, all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any omission of making, amendment, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the processing method of a jerusalem artichoke whole powder, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber adopts steam heat under 5～6MPa pressure, makes Jerusalem artichoke surface bear projection, then adopt the crust of the fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber of running water of 2～6Mpa, to remove the crust of Jerusalem artichoke tuber；
The fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber removing crust is cut into Jerusalem artichoke sheet；
First by Jerusalem artichoke sheet in 50～75 DEG C of 3～10min that precook, then by Jerusalem artichoke sheet in 90～100 DEG C of steaming and decocting 2～5min；
Being spread out by Jerusalem artichoke sheet after steaming and decocting, natural cooling dry in the sun are down to less than 30% to taro sheet moisture；
Jerusalem artichoke sheet drying after dry in the sun is down to less than 5～8% to moisture；
Dried Jerusalem artichoke sheet is pulverized, prepares jerusalem artichoke whole powder.
2. the processing method of jerusalem artichoke whole powder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described steam warm-up time is 10～30 seconds.
3. the processing method of jerusalem artichoke whole powder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of described crust is 0.5～1mm.
4. the processing method of jerusalem artichoke whole powder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Jerusalem artichoke tuber removing crust is cut into the thick Jerusalem artichoke sheet of 2～4mm.
5. the processing method of jerusalem artichoke whole powder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that being dried in Fluidized-bed dryer by the Jerusalem artichoke sheet after dry in the sun, baking temperature is import 80～100 DEG C, exports 40～60 DEG C.
6. the processing method of jerusalem artichoke whole powder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that adopt blowing device not remove the peel crust thoroughly in crushing process.
7. the processing method of jerusalem artichoke whole powder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in drying course, every 1～3min stirs a Jerusalem artichoke sheet.
8. the processing method of jerusalem artichoke whole powder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Jerusalem artichoke tuber weight is at more than 40g.
9. a jerusalem artichoke whole powder, it is characterised in that the processing method of described jerusalem artichoke whole powder jerusalem artichoke whole powder according to any one in claim 1～8 obtains.
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