CN105758613A - Natural sand grain emission device capable of controlling speed and angle - Google Patents
Natural sand grain emission device capable of controlling speed and angle Download PDFInfo
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- CN105758613A CN105758613A CN201610253591.2A CN201610253591A CN105758613A CN 105758613 A CN105758613 A CN 105758613A CN 201610253591 A CN201610253591 A CN 201610253591A CN 105758613 A CN105758613 A CN 105758613A
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- sand
- detachable shell
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- inlet tube
- grains
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
- G01M9/065—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing dealing with flow
Abstract
The invention provides a natural sand grain emission device capable of controlling a speed and an angle The device comprises a detachable shell, a rotatable iron ring, a ''z'' shape sand inlet pipe, a six-wing propeller and a transmission bearing. The detachable shell is in a flat cylindrical shape. An inner wall of the detachable shell is provided with an annular slideway. The annular slideway of the detachable shell is connected to the rotatable iron ring. The ''z'' shape sand inlet pipe is fixed to the rotatable iron ring. The detachable shell is provided with a bar-shaped clamping groove and a sand emission port. One end of the ''z'' shape sand inlet pipe is stretched out from the bar-shaped clamping groove. The ''z'' shape sand inlet pipe is moved so as to realize rotation of the rotatable iron ring and movement of the ''z'' shape sand inlet pipe in a limited scope of the bar-shaped clamping groove. The six-wing propeller is connected to an inner ring of the transmission bearing. The emission device can emit the sand with a controllable speed and an angle. The structure is simple and operation is convenient. Through combining instruments of high speed shooting and the like, a grain bed collision process can be researched.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the natural grains of sand discharger of a kind of controlled speed angle, belong to field of mechanical technique.
Background technology
The impact that wind-driven sediment brings is ubiquitous, and its consequence caused has become as one of world's great environmental problem.Due to a large amount of felling of vegetation in world wide, the spreading of desert area wind-driven sediment, desertification of land, desertification is increasingly severe.Had about 900,000,000 people by 1998,100 countries suffer the impact of desertification.More frighteningly, it is contemplated that by 2025, these numerals also can be double.At present, the global desert gross area oneself reach 7,000,000 sq-kms, about all there is a degree of desertification phenomenon in the 25% of earth land surface.Every year, the soil just having 41,500,000 hectares in the world loses production capacity.The severely afflicated area of China's desertification especially, desert, Gobi desert and desertification land area have accounted for about the 27.64% of area, and moreover, only in the nineties in 20th century, the area of China's desertification land is about with the speed expanded of annual 2460 sq-kms.West area is due to the impact of arid climate, and the felling of vegetation in addition, nowadays some area has been the sad and dreary sight looking as far as the eye can to hope the not end.But, if simply desertification, desertification, its impact is eventually limited, but with desertification, desertification, also has many more serious harm.In western part of China and middle part, large-scale wind-driven sediment constantly destroys the house of the mankind, road, the various facilities of railway, and when disaster occurs even, therefore many personnel die.Even if near coastal area, it is also subjected to wrecking of extensive wind-driven sediment.We are the sight seeing capital day, Beijing dust storm more than once, we more than once see that as dust storm such as devil, a road sweeps across the east to motherland from west area.Nowadays, floating aerial sand and dust have increasingly threaten our health, it will be seen that the sickness rate of respiratory tract disease has begun to rise.Chemistry pollution prevention, desertification, or even it is very urgent to prevent and treat extensive wind-driven sediment, sandstorm.
Wind-driven sediment carries out mainly through saltation mode, owing to wind speed increases, takes up some earth's surface grains of sand, after these grains of sand aloft accelerate via wind, clashes into the earth's surface grains of sand and splashes more grains of sand.Along with the grains of sand splash get more and more, scale is increasing, ultimately forms large-scale wind-driven sediment.In this process, rebounding and splash the process of other earth's surface grains of sand in sand dashed sand earth's surface is a crucial step, in blown sand physics, is called grain-bed collision process.Grain-bed collision process is a key issue of grains of sand saltation, scholars so evaluate: bed crash analysis of grain and mechanical modeling thereof are the cores of wind-driven sediment study mechanism work, are disclose the most essential steps and unique maximally effective approach that contact between grains of sand microscopic motion and macroscopic view stream motion.
Due to sand particle size tiny (0.05-0.5mm), the characteristic such as irregular, the experimentation of grain-bed collision in the world is but without device or the instrument that can launch the grains of sand under stream yardstick at present.It is bigger that this type of experiment of great majority all have employed particle diameter, more regular substitution material such as bead, PVC material etc..But, substitution material is at material, particle diameter, all greatly differ from each other with the natural grains of sand in shape, and its result cannot be suitable for the nature grains of sand at all.Owing to lacking the device or instrument that can launch the grains of sand under stream yardstick, nature grain-bed collision process is directly measured in experiment and the grains of sand act the characteristic that jumps, the work of distribution function has been stagnated for many years.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the natural grains of sand discharger of a kind of controlled speed angle, can solve an above-mentioned difficult problem, can the controlled grains of sand of emission rate and angle, it can study grain bed collision process in conjunction with instruments such as high-speed photographies.
For solving above technical problem, the present invention provides following technical scheme: the natural grains of sand discharger of a kind of controlled speed angle, including detachable shell, rotatable ferrum circle, " z " shape sand inlet tube, six wing propellers, drive bearing, described detachable shell is oblate tubular, the inwall of detachable shell is provided with annular slide track, the annular slide track place of detachable shell connects rotatable ferrum circle, described " z " shape sand inlet tube is fixed on described rotatable ferrum circle, described detachable shell has strip-shaped clamp groove and sand shot mouth, one end of " z " shape sand inlet tube is stretched out from described strip-shaped clamp groove, stir " z " shape sand inlet tube, realize rotation and the activity in limited range in strip-shaped clamp groove of " z " shape sand inlet tube of rotatable iron ring；Six wing propellers are connected to drive bearing inner ring, and the outer ring of described drive bearing is connected to the middle part of detachable shell inwall, and the power transmission shaft of described six wing propellers connects motor；Described drive bearing is cascaded propeller and rotatable iron ring；The other end of " z " shape sand inlet tube extends outside the rotation circle edge of six wing propellers；The space of closing is formed after the two ends of detachable shell are connected lid.
Further, described detachable shell is made up of two semi circular shells, and one end of two semi circular shells is articulated and connected, and the other end adopts buckle moveable connection method to connect.
Further, described natural grains of sand discharger includes base, and the upper surface of base is arc, is just suitable for the periphery of detachable shell.
Further, described sand shot mouth be shaped as the strip along detachable shell, from the middle part of detachable shell along to middle and lower part.
Further, described base is material is metal, and base top both sides are provided with fixing device, utilizes bolt to be fixed by nature grains of sand discharger.
Further, the sand shot port of described " z " shape sand inlet tube is towards contrary with the direction of rotation of six wing propellers.
Further, it is provided with adjustment scale in the notch both sides of strip-shaped clamp groove.
The natural grains of sand discharger of this controlled speed angle that the present invention relates to, can the controlled grains of sand of emission rate and angle, it can study grain bed collision process in conjunction with instruments such as high-speed photographies.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the natural grains of sand discharger cut-away view of the present invention a kind of controlled speed angle；
Fig. 2 is the natural grains of sand discharger front view of the present invention a kind of controlled speed angle；
Fig. 3 is the natural grains of sand discharger detachable shell structure chart of the present invention a kind of controlled speed angle；
Fig. 4 is the natural grains of sand discharger detachable shell structure chart of the present invention a kind of controlled speed angle；
Fig. 5 is natural grains of sand discharger " z " the shape sand inlet tube structural representation of the present invention a kind of controlled speed angle；
Fig. 6 is natural grains of sand discharger six wing propeller arrangement schematic diagram of the present invention a kind of controlled speed angle；
In figure, labelling is as follows: 1, detachable shell；2, rotating iron ring；3, " z " shape sand inlet tube；4, six wing propeller；5, drive bearing；6, base；7, strip-shaped clamp groove；8, buckle；9, hinge；10, annular slide track；11, sand shot mouth.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, the natural grains of sand discharger of controlled speed angle includes detachable shell 1, rotatable iron ring 2, " z " shape sand inlet tube 3, six wing propellers 4, drive bearing 5, described detachable shell 1 is oblate tubular, the inwall of detachable shell 1 is provided with 10 annular slide tracks, the annular slide track place of detachable shell connects rotatable ferrum circle, described " z " shape sand inlet tube 3 is fixed on described rotatable ferrum circle, described detachable shell has strip-shaped clamp groove 7 and sand shot mouth, one end of " z " shape sand inlet tube 3 is stretched out from described strip-shaped clamp groove, stir " z " shape sand inlet tube 3, realize rotation and " z " shape sand inlet tube 3 activity in limited range in strip-shaped clamp groove of rotatable iron ring 2；Six wing propellers are connected to drive bearing inner ring, and the outer ring of described drive bearing is connected to the middle part of detachable shell inwall, and the power transmission shaft of described six wing propellers connects motor；Described drive bearing is cascaded propeller and rotatable iron ring；The other end of " z " shape sand inlet tube 3 extends outside the rotation circle edge of six wing propellers 4.
Detachable shell is made up of two semi circular shells, and one end of two semi circular shells is articulated and connected, as it is shown on figure 3, adopt hinge 9 to connect, the other end adopts buckle 8 moveable connection method to connect.
Natural grains of sand discharger includes base 6, and the upper surface of base is arc, is just suitable for the periphery of detachable shell.
Sand shot mouth 11 be shaped as the strip along detachable shell, from the middle part of detachable shell along to middle and lower part.
Base 6 is metal for material, and base top both sides are provided with fixing device, utilizes bolt to be fixed by nature grains of sand discharger.
The sand shot port of " z " shape sand inlet tube 3 is towards contrary with the direction of rotation of six wing propellers 4.
It is provided with adjustment scale in the notch both sides of strip-shaped clamp groove.
Experimental procedure is as follows: by drive bearing, propeller and rotatable iron ring are cascaded；Rotatable iron ring puts into the slideway of detachable shell together with propeller and " z " shape sand inlet tube, is adjusted in the angle that experiment is required:
(1) open motor, after revolution speed of propeller is stable, put into the appropriate grains of sand at " z " shape sand inlet；
(2) grains of sand whereabouts can be hit by propeller, hits rear sand particle velocity and increases, and some grains of sand flies out from sand shot mouth, finally impacts on bed surface；
(3) regulate the angle of rotating iron ring, thus it is possible to vary the grains of sand fly out from sand shot mouth after angle, the incident angle namely impacted；
(4) current intensity adjusted by motor by controlling terminal regulates motor speed, finally plays the incidence rate changing the grains of sand；
(5) can clearly observe, in conjunction with means such as high-speed photographies, the overall process that bed surface is clashed into by the grains of sand.
Experimental result is as follows:
By means of the help of this instrument, having carried out 1024 grain-bed impact tests, the behavior in grain-bed collision of the natural grains of sand greatly differs from each other with substitute particles.Result includes:
(1) from DjaouedBeladjine(07) the PVC material experimental result that adopts 6mm is different, the natural grains of sand at the angle of rebound of grain-bed collision rift with impact velocity close relation along with the increase of impact velocity linearly reduces (it experiments show that both are unrelated).
(2) from DjaouedBeladjine(07) result is different, and ball rebound velocity is relevant with impact velocity with the ratio of impact velocity, along with the increase of impact velocity linearly increases (its use shows that both are unrelated).And the glass bead-Sha bed collision result of plastic disc (glass bead) experiment of Francois (2000) and MarkGordon (2011) is even contrary.
(3) granule sputtering angle is relevant with impact velocity, increases along with the increase of impact velocity.
(4) splash granule number relevant with angle of attack, reduce along with the increase of angle of attack.
(5) certain, experiment also demonstrate that forefathers test in many conclusions, as: angle of rebound increases along with the increase of angle of attack；The ratio of ball rebound velocity and impact velocity reduces along with the increase of angle of attack；Sputtering angle increases along with the increase of angle of attack；Splash granule number to increase along with the increase of impact velocity.
(6) 1024 groups of data are grouped by we simultaneously, calculate meansigma methods, give each microphysics amount functional relationship with impact velocity, angle of attack.Give the distribution function form of each microphysics simultaneously, as: angle of rebound obeys logarithm normal distribution；The ratio Normal Distribution etc. of ball rebound velocity and impact velocity.
In sum, the performance in grain-bed collision of the natural grains of sand is increasingly complex, and each microphysics amount often has relation with each parameter of incident particles, and mechanism existence influences each other, and intercouples.And what particle diameter substitution material irregular, big showed, only relevant with wherein certain parameter.Some qualitative relationships is even completely inconsistent.This is for helping the interaction type meaning understanding granule and bed surface huge.
This device can launch the particle diameter of granule and unrestricted, not can only launch the nature grains of sand.
Detailed description of the invention of the present invention is not intended that the restriction to the application scope; within every spirit at present inventive concept and principle, any amendment that one of skill in the art can make, equivalent replacement and improvement etc. should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the natural grains of sand discharger of a controlled speed angle, it is characterized in that, including detachable shell, rotatable ferrum circle, " z " shape sand inlet tube, six wing propellers, drive bearing, described detachable shell is oblate tubular, the inwall of detachable shell is provided with annular slide track, the annular slide track place of detachable shell connects rotatable ferrum circle, described " z " shape sand inlet tube is fixed on described rotatable ferrum circle, described detachable shell has strip-shaped clamp groove and sand shot mouth, one end of " z " shape sand inlet tube is stretched out from described strip-shaped clamp groove, stir " z " shape sand inlet tube, realize rotation and the activity in limited range in strip-shaped clamp groove of " z " shape sand inlet tube of rotatable iron ring；Six wing propellers are connected to drive bearing inner ring, and the outer ring of described drive bearing is connected to the middle part of detachable shell inwall, and the power transmission shaft of described six wing propellers connects motor；Described drive bearing is cascaded propeller and rotatable iron ring；The other end of " z " shape sand inlet tube extends outside the rotation circle edge of six wing propellers；The space of closing is formed after the two ends of detachable shell are connected lid.
2. the natural grains of sand discharger of a kind of controlled speed angle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described detachable shell is made up of two semi circular shells, and one end of two semi circular shells is articulated and connected, the other end adopts buckle moveable connection method to connect.
3. the natural grains of sand discharger of a kind of controlled speed angle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described natural grains of sand discharger includes base, and the upper surface of base is arc, is just suitable for the periphery of detachable shell.
4. the natural grains of sand discharger of a kind of controlled speed angle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described sand shot mouth be shaped as the strip along detachable shell, from the middle part of detachable shell along to middle and lower part.
5. the natural grains of sand discharger of a kind of controlled speed angle according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that described base is material is metal, and base top both sides are provided with fixing device, utilizes bolt to be fixed by nature grains of sand discharger.
6. the natural grains of sand discharger of a kind of controlled speed angle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the sand shot port of described " z " shape sand inlet tube is towards contrary with the direction of rotation of six wing propellers.
7. the natural grains of sand discharger of a kind of controlled speed angle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided with adjustment scale in the notch both sides of strip-shaped clamp groove.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610253591.2A CN105758613B (en) | 2016-04-22 | 2016-04-22 | A kind of natural grains of sand emitter of controlled speed angle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610253591.2A CN105758613B (en) | 2016-04-22 | 2016-04-22 | A kind of natural grains of sand emitter of controlled speed angle |
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| CN105758613A true CN105758613A (en) | 2016-07-13 |
| CN105758613B CN105758613B (en) | 2017-12-12 |
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| CN201610253591.2A Expired - Fee Related CN105758613B (en) | 2016-04-22 | 2016-04-22 | A kind of natural grains of sand emitter of controlled speed angle |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107894321A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-10 | 兰州大学 | A kind of controllable individual particle grains of sand transmitter of pneumatic type |
| CN109036026A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-18 | 诸葛佳缘 | A kind of physics hydraulic pressure interesting teaching demonstration equipment |
| CN114417092A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-04-29 | 长安大学 | Method for constructing desertification monitoring index and method for evaluating desertification state change trend |
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| JP2004257034A (en) * | 2003-02-25 | 2004-09-16 | Nittoc Constr Co Ltd | Reinforced earth method by continuous fiber |
| CN103335813A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-10-02 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Airflow anti-phase opposite thrust sand collector |
| CN104881067A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-09-02 | 兰州大学 | Shooting device capable of controlling the shooting angle and speed of irregular sand grains |
| CN205808666U (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-12-14 | 兰州大学 | A kind of natural grains of sand discharger of controlled speed angle |
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2016
- 2016-04-22 CN CN201610253591.2A patent/CN105758613B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5980399A (en) * | 1997-08-06 | 1999-11-09 | Volleyball Products International, Inc. | Ball toss apparatus |
| JP2004257034A (en) * | 2003-02-25 | 2004-09-16 | Nittoc Constr Co Ltd | Reinforced earth method by continuous fiber |
| CN103335813A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-10-02 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Airflow anti-phase opposite thrust sand collector |
| CN104881067A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-09-02 | 兰州大学 | Shooting device capable of controlling the shooting angle and speed of irregular sand grains |
| CN205808666U (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-12-14 | 兰州大学 | A kind of natural grains of sand discharger of controlled speed angle |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107894321A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-10 | 兰州大学 | A kind of controllable individual particle grains of sand transmitter of pneumatic type |
| CN109036026A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-18 | 诸葛佳缘 | A kind of physics hydraulic pressure interesting teaching demonstration equipment |
| CN109036026B (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2020-10-30 | 诸葛佳缘 | Physics water pressure taste teaching demonstration apparatus |
| CN114417092A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-04-29 | 长安大学 | Method for constructing desertification monitoring index and method for evaluating desertification state change trend |
| CN114417092B (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2023-06-27 | 长安大学 | Construction method of desertification monitoring index and desertification state change trend evaluation method |
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| CN105758613B (en) | 2017-12-12 |
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Granted publication date: 20171212 Termination date: 20200422 |