CN105738235A - Corrosion experiment and injury evaluation methods of engineering material under wind sand environment - Google Patents
Corrosion experiment and injury evaluation methods of engineering material under wind sand environment Download PDFInfo
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- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
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Abstract
The invention relates to an experiment method and an injury evaluation method of an engineering material and particularly relates to corrosion experiment and injury evaluation methods of the engineering material under a wind sand environment. An experiment system and a method for operating the experiment system are included; the experiment system comprises a wind sand environment simulation system and an erosion room; the injury evaluation method of the engineering material based on a wind sand environment experiment system comprises a weight-loss grading method and a weight-loss rate evaluation method, wherein weight loss is the difference of masses of a test piece before and after an abrasion test, namely deltam=m1-m2; the weight-loss rate is the ratio of the difference of the masses of the test piece before and after the abrasion test to the total mass of sand used in the time period, namely alpha=(deltam/ms*t)*100%=(m1-m2/ms*t)*100%. The experiment system provided by the invention has the advantages that an actual wind and sand corrosion environment can be really simulated, erosion mechanical parameters are easy to accurately control, a testing period is short and the research cost is low; the experiment and injury evaluation methods explore an erosion abrasion rule and an injury mechanism of the engineering material from macroscopic and microcosmic aspects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of engineering material experimental technique and damage evaluation method, be specially under a kind of wind sand environment engineering material and weather experiment and damage evaluation method.
Background technology
China is one of country that desert area is bigger, distributed more widely in the world, desertification hazard is serious, and the whole nation desertification gross area has exceeded 1,740,000 sq-kms, accounts for whole nation land area nearly 20%.Dust storm corrodes one of main environment disaster becoming the northern area of China, has a strong impact on the steel constructions such as the power transmission tower of desert area, communication tower, highway, elevated bridge, the safe handling of the infrastructure such as Factory Building and house.The corrosion function of engineering material is showed themselves in that under movement air flow rolling action by dust storm, and the grains of sand depart from earth's surface and also quickly move with air-flow, causes material surface cut even large area to peel off shearing force produced by infrastructure in this region and impulsive force and separates.In the middle of Practical Project, has there is the breakoff phenomenon such as pitted skin, surface peeling under dust storm corrosion function in the infrastructure such as some steel construction, bridge, road surface, makes that the durability of component and safety reduction, service ability decline, service life shortens.But due to its complexity, the erosive wear under simulation actual condition destroys very difficult completely, and owing to influence factor is many, the test period is long, and the feature such as test method disunity, the research causing dust storm erosion wear rule and mechanism thereof is deep not enough.In order to improve the durability of this area's infrastructure material, probe into material erosive wear rule under multifactor effect, the experimental condition that simulation is basically identical with actual condition service state, parameter can easily be accommodated, the present invention analyzes the climatic characteristic of desert Environment under special area, sums up and a kind of can effectively simulate engineering material under wind sand environment and weather experiment and the research method of Damage Evaluation.This research method can analyze its erosive wear feature under varying environment parameter (impact angle, erosion speed, lower husky rate and erosion time), and by the observation of erosive wear position microscopic appearance, analysis of material erosion damage disease and catastrophe mechanism, the evaluation methodology of research dust storm erosion wear rule and degree of injury.Achievement in research can provide theoretical foundation for the guard technology of infrastructure under wind sand environment and durability evaluation.
It is concentrated mainly in liquid fixed double phase flow about the research of material erosion at present, is mostly engineering material and the erosive wear of machinery rapid wear material.There is certain technical characterstic and representativeness, but the method is only capable of Study of Liquid single-phase flow or the erosion process of liquid fixed double phase flow aspect, can not effectively simulate the erosive wear behavior of Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid under wind sand environment, there is certain limitation.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above technical problem, the present invention provide a kind of can the injury experiment method of engineering material and evaluation methodology, the following is concrete technical scheme:
Under a kind of wind sand environment, engineering material weathers experiment, including experimental system and the method for operating this experimental system, wherein experimental system includes wind sand environment analog systems and erosion room, and wherein wind sand environment analog systems is used for simulating wind sand environment, and erosion room is for fixing experiment test specimen.
Further, wind sand environment analog systems includes air compressor, wherein air compressor is connected with the rifle that sandblasts, the rifle that sandblasts is connected with sandbox and by the test specimen in the dust storm directive erosion room in rifle, wherein air compressor and sandblast and be provided with control damper between rifle, sandblasts and is provided with husky control valve between rifle and sandbox；Being provided with anemobiagraph on test specimen, test specimen is arranged below collection box.
Wherein, experimental technique comprises the following steps:
(1) adjust the impact angle of dust storm and the husky rifle muzzle distance to surface of test piece, and make sand rifle muzzle just to surface of test piece center；
(2) start air compressor generation high pressure draught to be connected with husky rifle by conduit, oil water separator, and measure instantaneous velocity when stream arrives by erosion surface with anemobiagraph；
(3) grains of sand are sieved, the aperture of different hourglass is set, control lower husky rate by flow control valve；
(4) the rifle switch that sandblasts is opened, the air-flow of high-speed motion causes gun barrel air pressure inside to be significantly less than external pressure, and the grains of sand pass through action of gravity, and approach funnel enters sand tube, under powerful draught head promotes, enter husky gun barrel and entered erosion room by air-flow grains of sand of carrying under one's arms；
(5) control the erosion time by stopwatch, and record the time.
Further, the angle being adjusted to adjustment test specimen and the rifle that sandblasts of the impact angle in step (1), wherein the adjusting range of angle is 0 ° ~ 90 °.
A kind of based on the engineering material damage evaluation method under wind sand environment experimental system, including weight loss ranking method and weight-loss ratio evaluation methodology, wherein weight loss is the difference of the quality of test specimen before and after wear test, it may be assumed that
, wherein m1、m2The respectively forward and backward test specimen quality of erosion, unit g；
Weight-loss ratio is the ratio of the difference of test specimen quality and this period husky gross mass before and after wear test, it may be assumed that
, wherein α is erosion rate, dimensionless；m1、m2The respectively forward and backward test specimen quality of erosion, unit g；msFor lower husky rate, unit g/min；T is the erosion time, unit min.
Further, weight loss evaluation methodology erodes experiment for arranging different time sections, and to the weight loss in different time, and obtain weight loss growth curve in time with time and weight loss for condition, and determine that material is subject to dust storm to corrode the complexity to declined separation by the slope of time growth curve.
Further, weight-loss ratio evaluation methodology is the erosion resistance that the size by weight-loss ratio judges engineering material, and weight-loss ratio is more big, and the erosive wear efficiency of the unit mass grains of sand is more high, then the erosion resistance of material is more little.
Further, growth curve slope is more big, then material is easily declined by dust storm erosion and separates, and namely the erosion resistance of material is more little.
Beneficial effect: the simulation wind sand environment erosion experiment method in the present invention and experimental system have can more truly simulate actual dust storm erosion environment, the advantage that erosion mechanics parameter (erosion speed, angle, time, husky concentration) is prone to accurate control, the test period is short, research cost is low；More applied widely, can effectively simulate the erosion test of various engineering materials under wind sand environment；And result of the test is accurately feasible, the mensuration of weight loss/weight-loss ratio more comprehensively On Erosion degree can carry out Damage Evaluation research in conjunction with the analysis of microscopic appearance feature (surface character, three-dimensional appearance, roughness, Volume Loss rate etc.)；Experimental damage evaluation methodology verifies engineering material erosive wear rule and micromechanism of damage from two aspects of both macro and micro.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of dust storm experimental system of the present invention；
Wherein: 1, air compressor 2, sandbox 3, the rifle 4 that sandblasts, erosion room 5, test specimen 6, anemobiagraph 7, collection box 8, control damper 9, husky control valve.
Detailed description of the invention
Under a kind of wind sand environment, engineering material weathers experiment, including experimental system and the method for operating this experimental system, wherein experimental system includes wind sand environment analog systems and erosion room 4, and wherein wind sand environment analog systems is used for simulating wind sand environment, and erosion room 4 is for fixing experiment test specimen 5.
Further, wind sand environment analog systems includes air compressor 1, wherein air compressor 1 is connected with the rifle 3 that sandblasts, the rifle 3 that sandblasts is connected with sandbox 2 and by the test specimen 5 in the dust storm directive erosion room in rifle, wherein air compressor 1 and sandblast and be provided with gas flow optimized 8 valve between rifle 3, sandblasts and is provided with husky control valve 9 between rifle and sandbox 2；Being provided with anemobiagraph 6 on test specimen, test specimen 5 is arranged below collection box 7.
Further, experimental technique comprises the following steps:
(1) adjust the impact angle of dust storm and the husky rifle muzzle distance to surface of test piece, and make sand rifle muzzle just to surface of test piece center；
(2) start air compressor generation high pressure draught to be connected with husky rifle by conduit, oil water separator, and measure instantaneous velocity when stream arrives by erosion surface with anemobiagraph；
(3) grains of sand are sieved, the aperture of different hourglass is set, control lower husky rate by flow control valve；
(4) the rifle switch that sandblasts is opened, the air-flow of high-speed motion causes gun barrel air pressure inside to be significantly less than external pressure, and the grains of sand pass through action of gravity, and approach funnel enters sand tube, under powerful draught head promotes, enter husky gun barrel and entered erosion room by air-flow grains of sand of carrying under one's arms；
(5) control the erosion time by stopwatch, and record the time.
Further, the angle being adjusted to adjustment test specimen and the rifle that sandblasts of the impact angle in step (1), wherein the adjusting range of angle is 0 ° ~ 90 °.
Simulation wind sand environment erosion experiment system and device can simulate the wind sand environment erosive wear behavior for buildings or structures such as house, road, steel structure bridge and pylons, carry out the erosive wear experiment under different wind sand environment erosion mechanics parameter, basic condition and theoretical foundation are provided for analysis of material erosive wear rule, erosion mechanism and Damage Evaluation.
Operation principle: this system is made up of high-pressure air source, the husky system of confession, erosion system and husky room of reclaiming.Wherein, high-pressure air source provides high velocity air by air compressor and is regulated and controled erosion speed by pressure maintaining valve and anemometry instrument; it is used for regulating lower husky rate for husky system; erosion system is made up of erosion case, fixture; fixture can regulate impact angle according to test requirements document; and erosion distance, the grains of sand can be reclaimed by husky room of reclaiming.
Simulation wind sand environment erosion experimental system schematic diagram is as it is shown in figure 1, this test method is simple to operate, and test parameters adjustable extent is wide, and operability is good, substantially reduces experimental period, it is achieved that the erosive wear research of engineering material under laboratory condition.
A kind of based on the engineering material damage evaluation method under wind sand environment experiment, including weight loss ranking method and weight-loss ratio evaluation methodology, wherein weight loss is the difference of the quality of test specimen before and after wear test, it may be assumed that
, wherein m1、m2The respectively forward and backward test specimen quality of erosion, unit g；
Weight-loss ratio is the ratio of the difference of test specimen quality and this period husky gross mass before and after wear test, it may be assumed that
, wherein α is erosion rate, dimensionless；m1、m2The respectively forward and backward test specimen quality of erosion, unit g；msFor lower husky rate, unit g/min；T is the erosion time, unit min.
Wherein, weight loss evaluation methodology erodes experiment for arranging different time sections, and to the weight loss in different time, and obtain weight loss growth curve in time with time and weight loss for condition, and determine that material is subject to dust storm to corrode the complexity to declined separation by the slope of time growth curve, wherein growth curve slope is more big, then material is easily declined by dust storm erosion and separates, and namely the erosion resistance of material is more little.
Weight-loss ratio evaluation methodology is the erosion resistance that the size by weight-loss ratio judges engineering material, and weight-loss ratio is more big, and the erosive wear efficiency of the unit mass grains of sand is more high, then the erosion resistance of material is more little.
Wind sand environment experiment is by adopting air-flow carrying spurt method, namely with pressure-air for power, form high speed capacity graduation impact wear specimen surface, then carry out the erosion resistance tests of material with the impact wear resistance of weight loss/weight-loss ratio evaluation material, be a kind of erosion experimental technique that can effectively simulate material under wind sand environment in special area.The method passes through research material erosive wear weight loss/weight-loss ratio and erosion mechanics parameter and impact angle under different wind sand environments, erosion speed, lower husky rate and the relation between the erosion time, the erosive wear behavior of analysis of material and erosion mechanism.This rapid simulation method is substantially shorter experimental period, accelerates the research and development of New Kind of Anti-Abrasion material.Owing at a high speed there is enough energy containing husky air-flow, material can be carried out, delamination, the operation such as cutting, therefore various material erosive wear experiment can be widely used in.Choose applicable experiment parameter, controlled erosion and the abrasion of material can be realized.It addition, the method to have specimen size little, experiment parameter is easy to adjust and test data precision high, is a kind of more satisfactory Fast simulation experimental technique.
The parameters such as measuring and calculating grains of sand hardness, particle size distribution, bulk density, control different erosion mechanics parameter and impact angle, erosion speed, lower husky rate, erosion experiment under erosion time simulation wind sand environment respectively.The method, for considering that various influence factors thoroughly dissect comprehensively, is calculated from both macro and micro two aspect respectively.Macroscopically, calculate target erosion rate, probe into strain-stress relation under different erosion mechanics parameter, use contact mechanics, fracture mechanics and plastoelasticity scheduling theory knowledge bond material characteristic to disclose erosion wear mechanism, evaluate its erosive wear degree；On microcosmic, by erosion surface microscopic topographic under the different operating mode of observation, in conjunction with cut and ditch dug with a plow, the erosion hole degree of depth and volume and inwall inclination angle, the microscopic feature such as crackle and micro-destruction region that intersects, angularly explain its forming process from material character and internal structure, probe into target volume and peel off the erosion mechanismi with mass loss.
Claims (8)
1. under a wind sand environment, engineering material weathers experiment, it is characterized in that, including experimental system and the method for operating this experimental system, wherein experimental system includes wind sand environment analog systems and erosion room, wherein wind sand environment analog systems is used for simulating wind sand environment, and erosion room is for fixing experiment test specimen.
2. under a kind of wind sand environment according to claim 1, engineering material weathers experiment, it is characterized in that, described wind sand environment analog systems includes air compressor, wherein air compressor is connected with sand-blasting gun, the rifle that sandblasts is connected with sandbox and by the test specimen in the dust storm directive erosion room in rifle, wherein air compressor and sandblast and be provided with control damper between rifle, sandblasts and is provided with husky control valve between rifle and sandbox；Being provided with anemobiagraph on test specimen, test specimen is arranged below collection box.
3. under a kind of wind sand environment according to claim 1, engineering material weathers experiment, it is characterised in that described experimental technique comprises the following steps:
Adjust the impact angle of dust storm and the husky rifle muzzle distance to surface of test piece, and make sand rifle muzzle just to surface of test piece center；
Start air compressor generation high pressure draught to be connected with husky rifle by conduit, oil water separator, and measure instantaneous velocity when stream arrives by erosion surface with anemobiagraph；
The grains of sand are sieved, the aperture of different hourglass is set, control lower husky rate by flow control valve；
Opening the rifle switch that sandblasts, the air-flow of high-speed motion causes gun barrel air pressure inside to be significantly less than external pressure, and the grains of sand pass through action of gravity, and approach funnel enters sand tube, under powerful draught head promotes, enters husky gun barrel and is entered erosion room by air-flow grains of sand of carrying under one's arms；
Control the erosion time by stopwatch, and record the time.
4. under a kind of wind sand environment according to claim 3, engineering material weathers experiment, it is characterised in that the angle being adjusted to adjustment test specimen and the rifle that sandblasts of the described impact angle in step (1), wherein the adjusting range of angle is 0 ° ~ 90 °.
5. one kind based on engineering material damage evaluation method under a kind of wind sand environment described in claim 1, it is characterised in that including weight loss ranking method and weight-loss ratio evaluation methodology, wherein weight loss is the difference of the quality of test specimen before and after wear test, it may be assumed that
, wherein m1、m2The respectively forward and backward test specimen quality of erosion, unit g；
Weight-loss ratio is the ratio of the difference of test specimen quality and this period husky gross mass before and after wear test, it may be assumed that
, wherein α is erosion rate, dimensionless；m1、m2The respectively forward and backward test specimen quality of erosion, unit g；msFor lower husky rate, unit g/min；T is the erosion time, unit min.
6. engineering material damage evaluation method under a kind of wind sand environment according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described weight loss evaluation methodology erodes experiment for arranging different time sections, and to the weight loss in different time, and obtain weight loss growth curve in time with time and weight loss for condition, and determine that material is subject to dust storm to corrode the complexity to declined separation by the slope of time growth curve.
7. engineering material damage evaluation method under a kind of wind sand environment according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described weight-loss ratio evaluation methodology is the erosion resistance that the size by weight-loss ratio judges engineering material, weight-loss ratio is more big, the erosive wear efficiency of the unit mass grains of sand is more high, then the erosion resistance of material is more little.
8. engineering material damage evaluation method under a kind of wind sand environment according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described growth curve slope is more big, then material is easily declined by dust storm erosion and separates, and namely the erosion resistance of material is more little.
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| CN106501114A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-03-15 | 重庆理工大学 | The analogue experiment method of degree of injury under photovoltaic glass use state |
| CN106596312A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-04-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Prediction method for erosion life of sand control screen pipe in perforation completion gas well |
| CN106599532A (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2017-04-26 | 国网新疆电力公司电力科学研究院 | Calculation method and device for washout wear weight loss of surface of rod piece of power transmission tower by sandy wind |
| CN106644912A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-10 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Automatic and dust-free concrete sand wind deflation tester and test method thereof |
| CN107091773A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-08-25 | 安徽威龙再制造科技股份有限公司 | A kind of injecting type slurry erosion wear experimental rig and its test method |
| CN108195749A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-22 | 中国计量大学 | The dust storm erosion abrasion test device and its test method of Fan blade material |
| CN108225958A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-06-29 | 重庆大有表面技术有限公司 | Sand blast test machine and its application method |
| CN110376084A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-10-25 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of wind sand environment simulation system and fatigue test system |
| CN112414932A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-02-26 | 中国直升机设计研究所 | Evaluation method for sand erosion resistance of protective material of helicopter rotor blade |
| CN112525729A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-19 | 西北农林科技大学 | Wind power soil stress tester and use method thereof |
| CN113466072A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-10-01 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Method for testing particle erosion damage resistance of carbonized layer |
| CN113959931A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-01-21 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Wind and sand erosion resistance test system and method for weathering resistant steel for photovoltaic support |
| CN114354420A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-04-15 | 广东坚派新材料有限公司 | Sand erosion simulation experiment device for wind power blade |
| CN114878754A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-09 | 石河子大学 | Sand storm damage test device for crops and test method thereof |
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| CN106501114A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-03-15 | 重庆理工大学 | The analogue experiment method of degree of injury under photovoltaic glass use state |
| CN106501114B (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2019-01-08 | 重庆理工大学 | The analogue experiment method of degree of injury under photovoltaic glass use state |
| CN106596312A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-04-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Prediction method for erosion life of sand control screen pipe in perforation completion gas well |
| CN106644912A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-10 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Automatic and dust-free concrete sand wind deflation tester and test method thereof |
| CN107091773A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-08-25 | 安徽威龙再制造科技股份有限公司 | A kind of injecting type slurry erosion wear experimental rig and its test method |
| CN108225958A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-06-29 | 重庆大有表面技术有限公司 | Sand blast test machine and its application method |
| CN108195749A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-22 | 中国计量大学 | The dust storm erosion abrasion test device and its test method of Fan blade material |
| CN110376084A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-10-25 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of wind sand environment simulation system and fatigue test system |
| CN112414932A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-02-26 | 中国直升机设计研究所 | Evaluation method for sand erosion resistance of protective material of helicopter rotor blade |
| CN112525729A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-19 | 西北农林科技大学 | Wind power soil stress tester and use method thereof |
| CN113466072A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-10-01 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Method for testing particle erosion damage resistance of carbonized layer |
| CN113466072B (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2023-12-12 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Method for testing particle erosion damage strength of charring layer |
| CN113959931A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-01-21 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Wind and sand erosion resistance test system and method for weathering resistant steel for photovoltaic support |
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| CN114878754A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-09 | 石河子大学 | Sand storm damage test device for crops and test method thereof |
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