CN114878754A - Sand storm damage test device for crops and test method thereof - Google Patents
Sand storm damage test device for crops and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114878754A CN114878754A CN202210576437.4A CN202210576437A CN114878754A CN 114878754 A CN114878754 A CN 114878754A CN 202210576437 A CN202210576437 A CN 202210576437A CN 114878754 A CN114878754 A CN 114878754A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
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- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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Abstract
The invention provides a sand wind damage test device for crops and an experimental method thereof, relating to the technical field of sand wind damage tests for crops, the invention relates to a sand wind damage test device for crops, which comprises an air compressor and an experimental box, wherein an air pipe is fixed at the output end of the air compressor, a traction assembly capable of adjusting the position of a nozzle is matched on the air pipe, the traction assembly comprises an electric push rod and a slide rail which are arranged in the experimental box, an auxiliary pipe is slidably arranged at one side of the output end of the air pipe, the end part of the auxiliary pipe is fixed with the nozzle, a connecting frame is slidably arranged on the slide rail, the top end of the connecting frame is fixed with the auxiliary pipe, and the output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected with the connecting frame, therefore, the sandblasting position can be adaptively adjusted, the test bench can be suitable for the sand wind damage tests of different crop loading positions, and the research range is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop wind sand damage experiments, in particular to a wind sand damage test device for crops and an experiment method thereof.
Background
The wind and sand can bury crops, pollute crop leaves, erode soil, reduce soil fertility, silt up reservoirs and water wells and the like, influence the growth and development of the crops, carry out wind and sand damage experimental research on the crops, know the wind and sand damage and influence the growth of the crops, are necessary measures, and can provide accurate data support for cultivating wind and sand resistant varieties and increasing wind and sand resistant measures.
Present sand blown by wind damage test device is through simulating actual sand blown by wind environment, places the crop of different growth stages in this environment and studies, but in the sand blown by wind damage test device to the simulation structure of sand blown by wind environment, goes out husky rigidity, is difficult to carry out the regulation of adaptability to the crop loading position of difference, and the scope that causes the research is narrower, has certain limitation, consequently needs carry out corresponding improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a sand wind damage test device for crops, which comprises an air compressor and an experimental box, wherein an air pipe is fixed at the output end of the air compressor, an adjustable throttle valve, a sand supply funnel and a nozzle are sequentially arranged on the air pipe, a sand amount adjusting valve is arranged at the joint of the sand supply funnel and the air pipe, a plant fixing system is loaded in the experimental box, crops are arranged in the plant fixing system, and a sand outlet opposite to the plant fixing system is formed in one side of the bottom of the experimental box;
the trachea is matched with a traction assembly capable of adjusting the position of the nozzle, the traction assembly comprises an electric push rod and a slide rail, the electric push rod is arranged in an experimental box, an auxiliary pipe is slidably mounted on one side of the output end of the trachea, the end part of the auxiliary pipe is fixed with the nozzle, a connecting frame is slidably mounted on the slide rail, the top end of the connecting frame is fixed with the auxiliary pipe, and the output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected with the connecting frame.
And a scale is stuck and fixed on the outer side of the experimental box, and the scale mark of the scale is aligned with the slide rail.
The experimental box is made of transparent materials.
Arc-shaped lugs are fixed on the auxiliary pipe at equal intervals, and grooves matched with the arc-shaped lugs are formed in the air pipe.
The sand supply funnel is fixedly inserted on the experiment box, and a top cover is matched on a port of the sand supply funnel extending out of one side of the experiment box.
Rectangular stopping strips are fixed in the sand outlet at equal intervals.
A floor drain is fixed in the experiment box, the floor drain covers the periphery of the sand outlet, an inverted-cone-shaped through groove is formed in the floor drain, and the bottom end of the through groove is matched with the sand outlet.
An experimental method of a sand storm damage test device for crops comprises the following steps:
1) crops are loaded into the plant fixing system, and the number, the height, the arrangement spacing and the like of the crop plants are adjusted according to the experiment requirement;
2) the nozzle, namely the position of sand outlet, is adjusted by the traction assembly;
3) filling sand grains into the sand supply funnel, adjusting the sand outlet amount through a sand amount adjusting valve, and adjusting the ventilation quantity in the air pipe through an adjustable throttle valve;
4) after debugging is finished, starting an air compressor, generating airflow in an air pipe, and spraying sand grains to crops through a nozzle to form simulation of a wind and sand environment;
5) recording the experimental process by taking a picture through a high-speed camera, and finding out the abrasion damage parts of the stems and the leaves; collecting blade area data before and after blade blowing through a blade area meter, analyzing the damage area of the blade, and quantitatively measuring the damage degree of the blade;
6) quantitatively measuring the damage degree of the stalks by measuring and comparing the attenuation change of mechanical properties (stretching, bending and bending) of the stalks before and after blowing;
7) and determining the wind-sand flow strength threshold value which can be borne when the seedling stage and the bud stage of the cotton (seedling) reach the wind-sand resistance limit through counting the damage rate and the death rate of the cotton seedling.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the experimentation that carries out crops sand blown by the wind damage, utilize the position that the subassembly can go adjusting nozzle in real time, the position that even must spout sand can the adaptability adjust, it is concrete, utilize electric putter to push away the link, make its relative slide rail slide, the removal of link drives the looped pipeline synchronization action, it is flexible to make its relative trachea slide, the nozzle position is adjusted, and the experiment case outside is pasted and is fixed with the scale, the scale mark and the slide rail of scale align, the scale that can refer to the scale shows and make the regulating action more meticulous, be favorable to the precision assurance of experimentation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the overall structure of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall front view structure of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a part of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the floor drain structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a detailed structure of a sand supply funnel according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a detail of the draft assembly of the present invention;
reference numerals: 1-an air compressor; 2-the trachea; 21-auxiliary pipe; 3-adjustable throttle valve; 4-a sand supply funnel; 41-top cover; 5-sand amount regulating valve; 6-a nozzle; 7-plant fixation system; 8-crops; 9-an experimental box; 10-a sand outlet; 11-an electric push rod; 12-a slide rail; 13-a connecting frame; 14-scale bar; 15-floor drain.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the original characteristics, the achieved purposes and the effects of the invention easily understood, the invention is further described below with reference to the specific embodiments and the attached drawings, but the following embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the implementation, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-6, a sand wind damage test device for crops comprises an air compressor 1 and an experimental box 9, wherein an air pipe 2 is fixed on the output end of the air compressor 1, an adjustable throttle valve 3, a sand supply funnel 4 and a nozzle 6 are sequentially arranged on the air pipe 2, a sand amount adjusting valve 5 is installed at the joint of the sand supply funnel 4 and the air pipe 2, a plant fixing system 7 is loaded in the experimental box 9, crops 8 are arranged in the plant fixing system 7, and a sand outlet 10 which is right opposite to the plant fixing system 7 is arranged on one side of the bottom of the experimental box 9;
the trachea 2 is matched with a traction assembly capable of adjusting the position of the nozzle 6, the traction assembly comprises an electric push rod 11 and a slide rail 12 which are arranged in an experimental box 9, one side of the output end of the trachea 2 is provided with an auxiliary pipe 21 in a sliding manner, the end part of the auxiliary pipe 21 is fixed with the nozzle 6, the slide rail 12 is provided with a connecting frame 13 in a sliding manner, the top end of the connecting frame 13 is fixed with the auxiliary pipe 21, and the output end of the electric push rod 11 is fixedly connected with the connecting frame 13.
In the experimentation that carries out 8 sand blown by the wind damages of crops, utilize the position that the subassembly of pulling can go adjusting nozzle 6 in real time, even the position that makes the sandblast can the adjustment of adaptability, it is concrete, utilize electric putter 11 to push away link 13, make its relative slide rail 12 slide, the removal of link 13 drives the synchronizing action of auxiliary pipe 21, it is flexible to make its relative trachea 2 slide, nozzle 6 position obtains adjusting, and it is fixed with scale 14 to paste in the experimental box 9 outside, scale 14's scale mark aligns with slide rail 12, the scale that can refer to scale 14 shows to make the regulating action more meticulous, be favorable to the precision assurance of experimentation.
Further, arc-shaped convex blocks are fixed on the auxiliary pipe 21 at equal intervals, grooves matched with the arc-shaped convex blocks are formed in the air pipe 2, the auxiliary pipe 21 slides more stably relative to the air pipe 2 by utilizing the limit relation between the arc-shaped convex blocks and the grooves, and the situation that the position of the nozzle 6 caused by rotation is difficult to align with crops 8 is avoided (the auxiliary pipe 21 and the air pipe 2 are both circular pipe fittings, and the limit is increased so as to prevent the relative sliding between the auxiliary pipe 21 and the air pipe 2 from torsion)
Supply fixed the pegging graft of husky funnel 4 on experimental box 9, supply husky funnel 4 to stretch out and cooperate on the port of experimental box 9 one side and have top cap 41, supply husky funnel 4 to lead to experimental box 9 outside and be provided with its top cap 41 that opens and shuts of being convenient for at the tip for the experimenter can conveniently adjust the husky volume that supplies husky funnel 4.
Rectangular stopping strips are fixed in the sand outlet 10 at equal intervals to provide a certain screening function for sand grains.
The experiment box 9 is internally fixed with a floor drain 15, the floor drain 15 is coated on the periphery of the sand outlet 10, a through groove with an inverted cone shape is arranged in the floor drain 15, the bottom end of the through groove is matched with the sand outlet 10, and after ejected sand falls down, the concentration degree of the sand to the sand outlet 10 can be increased due to the inverted cone shape structure of the floor drain 15, so that the sand can be collected more completely.
An experimental method of a sand wind damage test device for crops 8 comprises the following steps:
1) crops 8 are loaded into the plant fixing system 7, and the number, height, arrangement spacing and the like of the plants of the crops 8 are adjusted according to the experiment requirement;
2) the nozzle 6, namely the position of sand outlet, is adjusted by the traction assembly;
3) filling sand grains into the sand supply funnel 4, adjusting the sand outlet amount through a sand amount adjusting valve 5, and adjusting the ventilation quantity in the air pipe 2 through an adjustable throttle valve 3;
4) after debugging is finished, starting the air compressor 1, generating air flow in the air pipe 2, and spraying sand grains to crops 8 through the nozzle 6 to form a simulation of a wind-sand environment;
5) recording the experimental process by taking a picture through a high-speed camera, and finding out the abrasion damage parts of the stems and the leaves; collecting blade area data before and after blade blowing through a blade area meter, analyzing the damage area of the blade, and quantitatively measuring the damage degree of the blade;
6) quantitatively measuring the damage degree of the stalks by measuring and comparing the attenuation change of mechanical properties (stretching, bending and bending) of the stalks before and after blowing;
7) and determining the wind-sand flow strength threshold value which can be borne when the seedling stage and the bud stage of the cotton (seedling) reach the wind-sand resistance limit through counting the damage rate and the death rate of the cotton seedling.
Cotton (seedling) blowing and beating test scheme under wind sand action
Firstly, carrying out single-factor tests on wind speed, sand-containing flow, sand grain size and abrasion time to determine the quantitative relation between the load damage degree and the wind speed, the sand-containing flow, the sand grain size and the abrasion time;
secondly, performing sand blasting experiments in two growth stages of cotton seedling stage (seedling age 7 days, 14 days, 21 days and 28 days) and bud stage (7 days and 14 days), wherein specific experimental parameters are shown in table 1;
TABLE 1 summary of blown sand blasting test parameters
| Influencing factor | Unit of | Parameter range | Remarks for note | |
| Wind speed | m/ |
9、12、15、18 | Anemometer calibration wind speed | |
| Flow rate of sand | g/s | 50、70、90、120、150 | Sand quantity regulating valve control | |
| Particle size of sand | mm | 0.25-0.10、0.5-0.25、1.0-0.5 | Particle size screening experimental determination | |
| Time of | min | 3、5、7 | Air compressor on-off control | |
| Age of | Sky | 7、14、21、28/7、14 | Seedling stage/bud stage |
Claims (8)
1. A sand wind damage test device for crops is characterized by comprising an air compressor (1) and an experiment box (9), wherein an air pipe (2) is fixed on the output end of the air compressor (1), an adjustable throttle valve (3), a sand supply funnel (4) and a nozzle (6) are sequentially arranged on the air pipe (2), a sand amount adjusting valve (5) is installed at the joint of the sand supply funnel (4) and the air pipe (2), a plant fixing system (7) is loaded in the experiment box (9), crops (8) are arranged in the plant fixing system (7), and a sand outlet (10) right opposite to the plant fixing system (7) is formed in one side of the bottom of the experiment box (9);
the traction assembly matched with the position of the adjustable nozzle is arranged on the air pipe (2), the traction assembly comprises an electric push rod (11) and a sliding rail (12) which are arranged in an experimental box (9), an auxiliary pipe (21) is slidably arranged on one side of the output end of the air pipe (2), the end part of the auxiliary pipe (21) is fixed with the nozzle (6), a connecting frame (13) is slidably arranged on the sliding rail (12), the top end of the connecting frame (13) is fixed with the auxiliary pipe (21), and the output end of the electric push rod (11) is fixedly connected with the connecting frame (13).
2. The sand storm damage testing apparatus for crops of claim 1 wherein: a ruler (14) is fixedly adhered to the outer side of the experiment box (9), and the scale marks of the ruler (14) are aligned to the sliding rail (12).
3. The sand storm damage testing apparatus for crops of claim 1 wherein: the experimental box (9) is made of transparent materials.
4. The sand storm damage testing apparatus for crops of claim 1 wherein: arc-shaped convex blocks are fixed on the auxiliary pipe (21) at equal intervals, and grooves matched with the arc-shaped convex blocks are formed in the air pipe (2).
5. A sand storm damage testing apparatus for crops as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the sand supply funnel (4) is fixedly inserted on the experiment box (9), and a top cover (41) is matched on a port of the sand supply funnel (4) extending out of one side of the experiment box (9).
6. The sand storm damage testing apparatus for crops of claim 1 wherein: rectangular stopping strips are fixed in the sand outlet (10) at equal intervals.
7. The sand storm damage testing apparatus for crops of claim 1 wherein: a floor drain (15) is fixed in the experiment box (9), the floor drain (15) is coated on the periphery of the sand outlet (10), an inverted-cone-shaped through groove is formed in the floor drain (15), and the bottom end of the through groove is matched with the sand outlet (10).
8. The experimental method of a sand storm damage testing apparatus for crops as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the steps of:
1) crops (8) are loaded into the plant fixing system (7), and the number, the height, the arrangement interval and the like of the plants of the crops (8) are adjusted according to the experiment requirement;
2) the nozzle (6), namely the position of sand outlet, is adjusted by the traction assembly;
3) filling sand grains into the sand supply funnel (4), adjusting the sand outlet amount through a sand amount adjusting valve (5), and adjusting the ventilation amount in the air pipe (2) through an adjustable throttle valve (3);
4) after debugging is finished, starting the air compressor (1), generating air flow in the air pipe (2), and spraying sand grains to crops (8) through the nozzle (6) to form a simulation of a wind-sand environment;
5) recording the experimental process by taking a picture through a high-speed camera, and finding out the abrasion damage parts of the stems and the leaves; collecting blade area data before and after blade blowing through a blade area meter, analyzing the damage area of the blade, and quantitatively measuring the damage degree of the blade;
6) quantitatively measuring the damage degree of the stalks by measuring and comparing the attenuation change of mechanical properties (stretching, bending and bending) of the stalks before and after blowing;
7) and determining the wind-sand flow strength threshold value which can be borne when the seedling stage and the bud stage of the cotton (seedling) reach the wind-sand resistance limit through counting the damage rate and the death rate of the cotton seedling.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210576437.4A CN114878754A (en) | 2022-05-25 | 2022-05-25 | Sand storm damage test device for crops and test method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210576437.4A CN114878754A (en) | 2022-05-25 | 2022-05-25 | Sand storm damage test device for crops and test method thereof |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101403649A (en) * | 2008-11-11 | 2009-04-08 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Countryside multifunctional portable experiment wind tunnel |
| CN104075871A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2014-10-01 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Application of funnel type unit barrel device in plant physiology and ecology aspect |
| CN204101261U (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-01-14 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A kind of drawer type unit cylindrical shell test stream and stream are to the test unit of ozone deplation |
| CN105738235A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-07-06 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Corrosion experiment and injury evaluation methods of engineering material under wind sand environment |
| CN214553612U (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-11-02 | 华测新能源科技有限公司 | High-low temperature damp-heat alternation experiment box |
-
2022
- 2022-05-25 CN CN202210576437.4A patent/CN114878754A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101403649A (en) * | 2008-11-11 | 2009-04-08 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Countryside multifunctional portable experiment wind tunnel |
| CN104075871A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2014-10-01 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Application of funnel type unit barrel device in plant physiology and ecology aspect |
| CN204101261U (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-01-14 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A kind of drawer type unit cylindrical shell test stream and stream are to the test unit of ozone deplation |
| CN105738235A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-07-06 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Corrosion experiment and injury evaluation methods of engineering material under wind sand environment |
| CN214553612U (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-11-02 | 华测新能源科技有限公司 | High-low temperature damp-heat alternation experiment box |
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