CN105758613B - A kind of natural grains of sand emitter of controlled speed angle - Google Patents
A kind of natural grains of sand emitter of controlled speed angle Download PDFInfo
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- CN105758613B CN105758613B CN201610253591.2A CN201610253591A CN105758613B CN 105758613 B CN105758613 B CN 105758613B CN 201610253591 A CN201610253591 A CN 201610253591A CN 105758613 B CN105758613 B CN 105758613B
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- sand
- emitter
- detachable shell
- inlet tube
- grains
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
- G01M9/065—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing dealing with flow
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of natural grains of sand emitter of controlled speed angle, including detachable shell, rotatable iron ring, " z " shape sand inlet tube, six wing propellers, drive bearing, the detachable shell is oblate tubular, the inwall of detachable shell is provided with annular slide track, rotatable iron ring is connected at the annular slide track of detachable shell, " z " the shape sand inlet tube is fixed on the rotatable iron ring, strip-shaped clamp groove and sand shot mouth are provided with the detachable shell, one end of " z " shape sand inlet tube is stretched out from the strip-shaped clamp groove, stir " z " shape sand inlet tube, realize the rotation and activity of " z " the shape sand inlet tube in strip-shaped clamp groove in limited range of rotatable iron ring；Six wing propellers are connected to drive bearing inner ring, the emitter can emission rate and the controllable grains of sand of angle, simple in construction, easy to operate, it, which combines the instruments such as high-speed photography, can study grain bed collision process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of natural grains of sand emitter of controlled speed angle, belong to field of mechanical technique.
Background technology
Influence caused by wind-driven sediment it is ubiquitous, consequence caused by it have become world's great environmental problem it
One.Because a large amount of felling of vegetation, the sprawling of desert area wind-driven sediment, desertification of land, desertification are more next in world wide
It is more serious.There are about 900,000,000 people by 1998,100 countries are influenceed by desertification.More frighteningly, it is contemplated that arrive
2025, these numerals can also be double.At present, the global desert gross area oneself up to 7,000,000 sq-kms, about earth land face
A certain degree of desertification phenomenon all be present in long-pending 25%.Every year, the soil for just having 41,500,000 hectares in the world loses production energy
Power.China is even more the severely afflicated area of desertification, and desert, gobi and desertification land area have accounted for 27.64% left side of area
The right side, moreover, only in the 1990s, the area of China's desertification land is about expanded with the speed of annual 2460 sq-km
Exhibition.Due to the felling of the influence of arid climate, in addition vegetation, nowadays some areas have been the compassions for looking as far as the eye can to hope the not end in west area
Cool scene.If however, simply desertification, desertification, its influence is eventually limited, but with desertification, desertification, also has many
More serious harm.In western part of China and middle part, large-scale wind-driven sediment constantly destroys the house of the mankind, road,
When the various facilities of railway, even disaster occur, therefore many personnel die.Even close to coastal area, it is also subjected to
Wrecking for extensive wind-driven sediment.Our scenes for seeing Beijing capital day dust storm more than once, we are
More than once see that dust storm is swept across to the east of motherland from west area all the way such as devil.Nowadays, float in atmosphere
Sand and dust increasingly threaten our health, it will be seen that the incidence of disease of breathing problem has begun to rise.
Chemistry pollution prevention, desertification, or even the extensive wind-driven sediment of preventing and treating, sandstorm are very urgent.
Wind-driven sediment is mainly carried out by saltation mode, due to wind speed increase, takes up some earth's surface grains of sand, these grains of sand exist
After accelerating in the air via wind, hit the earth's surface grains of sand and splash more grains of sand.As the grains of sand splash are more and more, scale is increasingly
Greatly, large-scale wind-driven sediment is ultimately formed.During this, sand dashed sand earth's surface rebounds and splashes the mistake of other earth's surface grains of sand
Journey is a crucial step, in blown sand physicses, referred to as grain-bed collision process.Grain-bed collision process is grains of sand saltation
One key issue, scholars so evaluate：A bed crash analysis of grain and its mechanical modeling are the work of wind-driven sediment study mechanism
Core, be to disclose between grains of sand microscopic motion and the motion of macroscopical stream the most essential steps that contact and uniquely maximally effective way
Footpath.
Because sand particle size is tiny（0.05-0.5mm）, the characteristic such as irregular, the experiment of grain-bed collision is ground in the world at present
Study carefully also without the device or instrument that can launch the grains of sand under dust storm mesoscale flow.It is bigger that most of such experiments all employ particle diameter,
More regular alternative materials such as bead, PVC material etc..However, alternative materials material, particle diameter, in shape all with natural sand
Grain greatly differs from each other, and its result can not be applicable the nature grains of sand at all.The device of the grains of sand under dust storm mesoscale flow can be launched due to lacking
Or instrument, experiment direct measurement nature grain-bed collision process and the grains of sand rise jump characteristic, distribution function work stagnated it is more
Year.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of natural grains of sand emitter of controlled speed angle, can solve above-mentioned problem, can launch speed
Degree and the controllable grains of sand of angle, it, which combines the instruments such as high-speed photography, can study grain bed collision process.
To solve above technical problem, the present invention provides following technical scheme：A kind of natural grains of sand of controlled speed angle
Emitter, including detachable shell, rotatable iron ring, " z " shape sand inlet tube, six wing propellers, drive bearing, it is described detachable
Shell is oblate tubular, and the inwall of detachable shell is provided with annular slide track, and connection is rotatable at the annular slide track of detachable shell
Iron ring, " z " the shape sand inlet tube are fixed on the rotatable iron ring, strip-shaped clamp groove and sand shot are provided with the detachable shell
Mouthful, one end of " z " shape sand inlet tube stretches out from the strip-shaped clamp groove, stirs " z " shape sand inlet tube, realize the rotation of rotatable iron ring with
Activity of " z " the shape sand inlet tube in strip-shaped clamp groove in limited range；Six wing propellers are connected to drive bearing inner ring, the transmission
The outer ring of bearing is connected to the middle part of detachable shell inwall, the transmission axis connection motor of six wings propeller；The transmission
Bearing is cascaded propeller and rotatable iron ring；The other end of " z " shape sand inlet tube extends the rotation circle of six wing propellers
Outside edge；The space of closing will be formed after the both ends connection cover of detachable shell.
Further, the detachable shell is made up of two semi circular shells, and one end of two semi circular shells is articulated and connected, another
End is connected using buckle moveable connection method.
Further, the natural grains of sand emitter includes base, and the upper surface of base is arc, is suitable for just
The periphery of detachable shell.
Further, the strip being shaped as along detachable shell of the sand shot mouth, from the middle part of detachable shell
Edge to middle and lower part.
Further, the base is that material is metal, and base top both sides are provided with fixing device, using bolt by nature
Grains of sand emitter is fixed.
Further, the sand shot port direction of described " z " shape sand inlet tube is opposite with the direction of rotation of six wing propellers.
Further, regulation scale is provided with the notch both sides of strip-shaped clamp groove.
The natural grains of sand emitter of this controlled speed angle of the present invention, can emission rate and angle it is controllable
The grains of sand, it, which combines the instruments such as high-speed photography, can study grain bed collision process.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of natural grains of sand emitter cut-away view of controlled speed angle of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of natural grains of sand emitter front view of controlled speed angle of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of natural grains of sand emitter detachable shell structure chart of controlled speed angle of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is a kind of natural grains of sand emitter detachable shell structure chart of controlled speed angle of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is a kind of natural grains of sand emitter " z " shape sand inlet tube structural representation of controlled speed angle of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is a kind of wing propeller arrangement schematic diagram of natural grains of sand emitter six of controlled speed angle of the present invention；
Marked in figure as follows：1st, detachable shell；2nd, rotatable iron ring；3rd, " z " shape sand inlet tube；4th, six wing propeller；
5th, drive bearing；6th, base；7th, strip-shaped clamp groove；8th, buckle；9th, hinge；10th, annular slide track；11st, sand shot mouth.
Embodiment
As shown in figure 1, the natural grains of sand emitter of controlled speed angle include detachable shell 1, rotatable iron ring 2,
" z " shape sand inlet tube 3, six wing propellers 4, drive bearing 5, the detachable shell 1 are oblate tubular, detachable shell 1 it is interior
Wall is provided with 10 annular slide tracks, connects rotatable iron ring at the annular slide track of detachable shell, " z " the shape sand inlet tube 3 is fixed on
The rotatable iron ring, strip-shaped clamp groove 7 and sand shot mouth are provided with the detachable shell, one end of " z " shape sand inlet tube 3 is from described
Strip-shaped clamp groove stretch out, stir " z " shape sand inlet tube 3, realize rotatable iron ring 2 rotation and " z " shape sand inlet tube 3 in strip-shaped clamp groove
Activity in limited range；Six wing propellers are connected to drive bearing inner ring, and the outer ring of the drive bearing is connected to detachably
The middle part of outer casing inner wall, the transmission axis connection motor of six wings propeller；The drive bearing is propeller and rotatable iron
Circle is cascaded；The other end of " z " shape sand inlet tube 3 is extended outside the rotation circle edge of six wing propellers 4.
Detachable shell is made up of two semi circular shells, and one end of two semi circular shells is articulated and connected, as shown in figure 3, using conjunction
Page 9 is connected, and the other end is connected using the moveable connection method of buckle 8.
Natural grains of sand emitter includes base 6, and the upper surface of base is arc, is suitable for detachable shell just
Periphery.
The strip being shaped as along detachable shell of sand shot mouth 11, from middle part edge to the middle and lower part of detachable shell.
Base 6 is that material is metal, and base top both sides are provided with fixing device, using bolt by nature grains of sand emitter
It is fixed.
The sand shot port direction of " z " shape sand inlet tube 3 is opposite with the direction of rotation of six wing propellers 4.
Regulation scale is provided with the notch both sides of strip-shaped clamp groove.
Experimental procedure is as follows：Propeller and rotatable iron ring are cascaded by drive bearing；Rotatable iron ring connects
It is put into the slideway of detachable shell, is adjusted in the angle needed for experiment with propeller and " z " shape sand inlet tube：
（1）Motor is opened, the appropriate grains of sand are put into " z " shape sand inlet after revolution speed of propeller is stable；
（2）The grains of sand fall and can hit by propeller, hit rear sand particle velocity increase, and some grains of sand flies from sand shot mouth
Go out, finally impact on bed surface；
（3）Adjust the angle of rotatable iron ring, thus it is possible to vary the grains of sand from sand shot mouth fly out after angle, that is, impact
Incident angle；
（4）Adjusted by controlling terminal by the current strength of motor come regulation motor rotating speed, it is husky to finally play change
The incidence rate of grain；
（5）The overall process that the grains of sand hit to bed surface can be clearly observed with reference to means such as high-speed photographies.
Experimental result is as follows：
By means of the help of this instrument, 1024 grains-bed impact test is carried out, the natural grains of sand are in grain-bed collision
Behavior greatly differs from each other with substitute particles.As a result include：
（1）With Djaoued Beladjine（07）It is different using 6mm PVC material experimental result, the natural grains of sand grain-
The angle of rebound of bed collision rift linearly reduces with impact velocity close relation with the increase of impact velocity（Its experiment shows
Both are unrelated）.
（2）With Djaoued Beladjine（07）As a result it is different, the ratio and impact velocity of ball rebound velocity and impact velocity
It is relevant, linearly increase with the increase of impact velocity（Its use shows that both are unrelated）.And Francois (2000) plastics circle
Disk（Glass marble）Experiment and Mark Gordon (2011) glass marble-sand bed collision result are even opposite.
（3）Particle sputtering angle is relevant with impact velocity, increases with the increase of impact velocity.
（4）Splash that granule number is relevant with angle of attack, reduce with the increase of angle of attack.
（5）Certainly, experiment also demonstrate that many conclusions in forefathers' experiment, such as：Angle of rebound is with the increasing of angle of attack
Increase greatly；Ball rebound velocity and the ratio of impact velocity reduce with the increase of angle of attack；Angle is sputtered with the angle of shock
The increase of degree and increase；Granule number is splash with the increase of impact velocity to increase.
（6）We are grouped to 1024 groups of data simultaneously, calculate average value, give each microphysics amount with impact
Speed, the functional relation of angle of attack.The distribution function form of each microphysics is given simultaneously, such as：Angle of rebound is obeyed
Logarithm normal distribution；Ratio Normal Distribution of ball rebound velocity and impact velocity etc..
In summary, performance of the natural grains of sand in the collision of grain-bed is increasingly complex, each microphysics amount often with incidence
Each parameter of particle has relation, and mechanism, which exists, to influence each other, and intercouples.And irregular, big particle diameter alternative materials
Show, it is only relevant with wherein some parameter.Some qualitative relationships are even completely inconsistent.This for help understand particle with
The interaction type meaning of bed surface is huge.
The present apparatus can launch the particle diameter of particle and unrestricted, can only not launch the nature grains of sand.
Embodiment of the present invention does not form the limitation to the application scope, every in present inventive concept
Within spirit and principle, all any modification, equivalent and improvement that one of skill in the art can make etc. should be included in
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the natural grains of sand emitter of a kind of controlled speed angle, it is characterised in that including detachable shell, rotatable iron
Circle, " z " shape sand inlet tube, six wing propellers, drive bearing, the detachable shell are oblate tubular, the inwall of detachable shell
Provided with annular slide track, rotatable iron ring is connected at the annular slide track of detachable shell, " z " the shape sand inlet tube is fixed on described
Rotatable iron ring, strip-shaped clamp groove and sand shot mouth are provided with the detachable shell, one end of " z " shape sand inlet tube is from the bar shaped card
Groove stretches out, and stirs " z " shape sand inlet tube, realizes rotation and " z " the shape sand inlet tube limited range in strip-shaped clamp groove of rotatable iron ring
Interior activity；Six wing propellers are connected to drive bearing inner ring, and the outer ring of the drive bearing is connected to detachable shell inwall
Middle part, the transmission axis connection motor of six wings propeller；The drive bearing is connected on propeller and rotatable iron ring
Together；The other end of " z " shape sand inlet tube is extended outside the rotation circle edge of six wing propellers；By the both ends connection cover of detachable shell
The space of closing is formed afterwards.
2. the natural grains of sand emitter of a kind of controlled speed angle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Detachable shell is made up of two semi circular shells, and one end of two semi circular shells is articulated and connected, and the other end uses buckle flexible connection side
Method connects.
A kind of 3. natural grains of sand emitter of controlled speed angle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it is described from
Right grains of sand emitter includes base, and the upper surface of base is arc, is suitable for the periphery of detachable shell just.
4. the natural grains of sand emitter of a kind of controlled speed angle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described to penetrate
The strip being shaped as along detachable shell of husky mouth, from middle part edge to the middle and lower part of detachable shell.
A kind of 5. natural grains of sand emitter of controlled speed angle according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that institute
It is metal to state base material, and base top both sides are provided with fixing device, is fixed nature grains of sand emitter using bolt.
6. the natural grains of sand emitter of a kind of controlled speed angle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
The sand shot port direction of " z " shape sand inlet tube is opposite with the direction of rotation of six wing propellers.
7. the natural grains of sand emitter of a kind of controlled speed angle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in bar shaped
The notch both sides of neck are provided with regulation scale.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610253591.2A CN105758613B (en) | 2016-04-22 | 2016-04-22 | A kind of natural grains of sand emitter of controlled speed angle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610253591.2A CN105758613B (en) | 2016-04-22 | 2016-04-22 | A kind of natural grains of sand emitter of controlled speed angle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105758613A CN105758613A (en) | 2016-07-13 |
| CN105758613B true CN105758613B (en) | 2017-12-12 |
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| CN201610253591.2A Expired - Fee Related CN105758613B (en) | 2016-04-22 | 2016-04-22 | A kind of natural grains of sand emitter of controlled speed angle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107894321A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-10 | 兰州大学 | A kind of controllable individual particle grains of sand transmitter of pneumatic type |
| CN109036026B (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2020-10-30 | 诸葛佳缘 | Physics water pressure taste teaching demonstration apparatus |
| CN114417092B (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2023-06-27 | 长安大学 | Construction method of desertification monitoring index and desertification state change trend evaluation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US5980399A (en) * | 1997-08-06 | 1999-11-09 | Volleyball Products International, Inc. | Ball toss apparatus |
| JP2004257034A (en) * | 2003-02-25 | 2004-09-16 | Nittoc Constr Co Ltd | Reinforced earth method by continuous fiber |
| CN103335813B (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2016-08-10 | 内蒙古农业大学 | A kind of airflow anti-phase opposite thrust sand collector |
| CN104881067B (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2017-02-22 | 兰州大学 | Shooting device capable of controlling the shooting angle and speed of irregular sand grains |
| CN205808666U (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-12-14 | 兰州大学 | A kind of natural grains of sand discharger of controlled speed angle |
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Granted publication date: 20171212 Termination date: 20200422 |