CN105755464B - Double-deck gradient laser gain material manufacture method - Google Patents
Double-deck gradient laser gain material manufacture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105755464B CN105755464B CN201610204949.2A CN201610204949A CN105755464B CN 105755464 B CN105755464 B CN 105755464B CN 201610204949 A CN201610204949 A CN 201610204949A CN 105755464 B CN105755464 B CN 105755464B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of double-deck gradient laser gain material manufacture method, irradiated and scanned using laser beam and treat cladding substrate surface, metal dust is synchronously sent into laser beam irradiation position using multichannel automatic powder feeding system, the pipeline of multichannel powder feeding is divided into two groups, two powder convergent points of the metal dust difference forming position adjoining that two groups of pipelines are sent into；The metal dust material being sent into the pipeline of group is identical, and the convergent point of top is sent into the higher metal dust of hardness, forms the cladding layer of internal layer；The problem of by inside and outside road synchronous powder feeding system, double-deck cladding layer single pass being molded in laser cladding process, solves the problems, such as that traditional gradient laser melting and coating process is cumbersome, and effectively prevent the defects of layering shaping causes cladding layer to crack.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of laser processing, and in particular to and a kind of laser gain material manufacture method is particularly a kind of new
The double-deck gradient laser gain material technique of type.
Background technology
Laser Melting Deposition（Laser Melting Deposition, LMD）It is from laser melting coating（Laser
Cladding）A kind of metal increases material manufacturing technology technique that technology develops, be by 3D printing " lamination adds up " principle and
Laser melting and coating technique organically combines, and using metal dust to process raw material, is successively sunk by " laser fusion-quick solidification " process
Product, so as to form the manufacturing technology of metal parts.Compared with the manufacturing technologies such as traditional built-up welding, spraying, plating and vapour deposition,
There is small dilution factor, dense structure, coating and matrix to be combined, be adapted to more cladding material, granularity and changes of contents for laser melting coating
The features such as big, in the high-performance special part and civilian industry in new automobile manufacture, space flight, aviation, new-type weapon and equipment
The manufacturing field of high-grade, precision and advanced part there is fabulous application prospect, especially in the very unmanageable gradient function material of conventional method
The part of material, superhard material and inter-metallic compound material quickly manufactures and the Directly rapid fabrication field prospect of large mold
It is wide.
LMD basic step is using the high-energy of laser metal dust and base material to be melted, the shape on base material
Into molten bath, the powder of fusing forms cladding layer after molten bath disposed thereon, cooled and solidified in substrate surface.Such as Chinese patent literature
CN102453901B is disclosed to prepare WC for oily drilling rod surface（Tungsten carbide）The method of hard alloy wear resistance band, high-power laser beam
Alloy powder synchronously is sent into for laser melting coating while irradiating workpiece surface, alloy powder occurs rapid melting and coagulated in molten bath
Gu form wear-resisting erosion resistance cladding layer.
In general LMD techniques are using traditional individual layer laser cladding method, when carrying out the processing of gradient laser melting coating
Existing defects.Equipment requirement surface such as the oil drilling of petroleum industry has good wearability can be, it is necessary to carry out two layers of laser
Cladding, first layer use Ni based powders, and the second layer uses Ni+WC mixed-powders.Existing LMD techniques need successively to carry out respectively
The laser melting coating of first layer and the second layer, technical process are cumbersome；When face carries out the laser melting coating of the second layer on the first layer, to the
One layer of cladding layer can produce drawing effect；In addition, having time interval between laser melting coating twice, melts carrying out second layer laser
When covering, surface temperature can decline, and clad layer surface is also easy to produce crackle, influence quality of cladding layer.Therefore, research and development one kind is suitable to
The increasing material manufacturing method of gradient laser melting coating is the task of top priority.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided double-deck gradient laser gain material manufacturer
Method, the manufacture method can single pass it is two-layered, formed, the defects of simplifying gradient laser melting and coating process, and avoid re-melt deposit welding
Generation.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that：
Double-deck gradient laser gain material manufacture method, its step include：Irradiated and scanned using laser beam and treat cladding base material table
Face, metal dust is synchronously sent into laser beam irradiation position using multichannel automatic powder feeding system, the pipeline of the multichannel powder feeding is divided into two
Group, two powder convergent points of the metal dust difference forming position adjoining that two groups of pipelines are sent into, the gold being sent into the pipeline organized
It is identical to belong to powder material；Melt the metal dust and base material and form molten bath in the irradiation position, molten metal powder exists
Molten bath disposed thereon, cladding layer is formed in substrate surface after cooled and solidified.
Preferably, it is sent into metal dust and uses eight road automatic powder feeding systems, is divided into two groups of Nei Silu and outer four tunnel, interior four road powder
Convergent point is located above outer four roads powder convergent point.
Preferably, two groups of pipelines are respectively fed to the metal dust of unlike material, are typically formed the gold of outer layer cladding layer
It is higher to belong to powder hardness, such as Ni（Nickel）+WC（Tungsten carbide）Powder；Metal dust hardness for forming internal layer cladding layer is relatively low,
Such as alloy Ni base alloy powders of Ni bases 625；Two groups of pipelines as needed can also be sent into material identical metal dust.
Technical solution of the present invention is converged by inside and outside road powder feeding mouth synchronous powder feeding system, from outside powder convergent point with interior road powder
Point is adjacent, and single pass is two-layered, formed in laser cladding process, solves the problems, such as that traditional gradient laser melting and coating process is cumbersome,
And the problem of effectively avoiding being layered the defects of shaping causes cladding layer to crack.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the operation principle schematic diagram that the present invention uses eight tunnel powder feedings；
Fig. 2 is using the two-layered, formed effect diagram of manufacture method single pass of the present invention.
Wherein：1：Nozzle；21：Interior road powder feeding mouth；22：From outside powder feeding mouth；P1：Powder convergent point one；P2：Powder convergent point
Two；L1：Outer layer cladding layer；L2：Internal layer cladding layer；3：Powder feeding pipe；4：Treat cladding base material；D：Laser scanning direction.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by embodiment, the present invention will be further described, to more fully understand the present invention.
The present embodiment bilayer gradient laser gain material manufacture method is sent into metal dust and uses eight road automatic powder feeding systems, is divided into interior four
Road and Wai Silu.During work, irradiated and scanned using laser beam and treat cladding substrate surface, it is same by Nei Silu and outer four tunnel respectively
When to laser beam irradiation position synchronously be sent into metal dust.
Automatic powder feeding system is as shown in figure 1, wherein interior road powder feeding mouth 21 converges at powder convergent point along the extended line for going out powder direction
One P1, from outside powder feeding mouth 22 converge at powder convergent point two P2, the P1 of powder convergent point one and powder along the extended line for going out powder direction
The P2 of convergent point two is located on laser beam optical path；The P1 of powder convergent point one is located above the P2 of powder convergent point two, actual processing process
In, can be approximately ball by powder convergent point, then the P1 lower semispheres of powder convergent point one and the P2 epispheres of powder convergent point two it is tangent or
It is approximate tangent.Before starting manufacturing process, powder feeding pipe 3 is inserted in eight powder feeding mouths, the internal diameter of powder feeding pipe 3 can select as needed
Select, external diameter is consistent with powder feeding mouth；When manufacture starts, regulation laser beam makes its irradiation treat the surface of cladding base material 4 and according to processing
Go to be scanned, while metal dust is sent into laser beam irradiation position by the way that the powder feeding pipe 3 in eight powder feeding mouths is synchronous, it is interior
The P1 of powder convergent point one that the powder that road powder feeding mouth 21 and from outside powder feeding mouth 22 are sent into converges at laser beam foucing respectively
At the P2 of powder convergent point two, the P1 of powder convergent point one is above the P2 of powder convergent point two and is adjacent, interior road powder feeding mouth 21
The powder hardness of feeding is higher, and to form outer layer cladding layer L1, the powder hardness that from outside powder feeding mouth 22 is sent into is relatively low, to shape
Into internal layer cladding layer L2；The metal dust and base material being sent into using high heat fusing caused by laser beam, are formed molten in irradiation position
Pond, for molten metal powder in molten bath disposed thereon, the metal dust at the P1 of powder convergent point one and the P2 of powder convergent point two is cold
But cladding layer is formed respectively after solidifying, and then can treated the surface of cladding base material 4 through primary laser beam scanning while formed bilayer
Cladding layer, effect are as shown in Figure 2.
Powder feeding mill diagram is not limited to eight tunnels, can also use other numbers, while laser irradiation both can be coaxial with powder feeding pipeline,
Also coaxially can not be selected according to operating mode.Four road coaxial powder-feeding nozzles are commonly used in the prior art, in the base of four tunnel powder feedings
On plinth, it is extended for inside and outside two groups of embodiment and more facilitates, laser is also irradiated using coaxial manner.Four traditional tunnel powder feedings
Mode only has a powder convergent point, and using individual layer molding mode, laser melting coating efficiency is low, using above-mentioned eight road automatic powder feeding system,
Double-deck cladding formable layer can be achieved in laser scanning, substantially increases manufacture efficiency.Double-deck shaping simultaneously also avoid interior
The drawing effect of layer cladding layer, avoids outer layer cladding layer from cracking in process.
Double-deck cladding is carried out on the proprietary material of the oil products such as stone oil drill collar, drilling rod, probing to illustrate processing effect.
Metal dust uses imported from America alloy powder, and internal layer selects Ni base alloy powders, and outer layer selects Ni+WC mixed-powders.First
Powder drying is carried out, then experimental piece surface is handled, with sand paper polishing surface to light；Using eight road coaxial powder-feeding nozzles
The increasing material manufacturing of double-deck gradient laser melting coating is carried out according to the eight road powder delivery methods of above-described embodiment, experimental piece material selects respectively
Magnetism-free stainless steel, 718 mould steel and 17-4 stainless steels；Using four traditional tunnel powder feeding lists when experimental piece material is magnetism-free stainless steel
Layer cladding method is processed, with as a comparison；After laser cladding equipment is ready to complete, determines laser power, sweep speed, send
The technological parameters such as powder rate, overlapping rate；After double-deck cladding terminates, laser cladding layer is carried out at flaw detection using the method for dye penetrant inspection
Reason.As a result find, cracked using conventional method in the clad layer surface that magnetism-free stainless steel processes, and in three kinds of experimental pieces
The cladding layer that the upper increasing material manufacturing method using eight tunnel powder feedings is processed, the equal flawless in surface produce.
It should be understood that the above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, its object is to supply this area skill
Art personnel understand present disclosure and implemented according to this, the not exhaustion of embodiment, can not limit the present invention with this
Protection domain.All technique according to the invention schemes are modified or equivalent substitution, without departing from technical solution of the present invention
Objective and scope, it all should cover among scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of double-deck gradient laser gain material manufacture method, its step include：Irradiated and scanned using laser beam and treat cladding base material
Surface, metal dust is synchronously sent into laser beam irradiation position using multichannel automatic powder feeding system；Melt the metal dust and base material
Molten bath is formed in the irradiation position, molten metal powder is formed after molten bath disposed thereon, cooled and solidified in substrate surface
Cladding layer, it is characterised in that：
The multichannel automatic powder feeding system is eight road automatic powder feeding systems, is divided into two groups of Nei Silu and outer four tunnel, interior four roads powder convergent point position
Above the road powder convergent points of Yu Wai tetra- and position abuts, and the metal dust material being sent into the pipeline of group is identical.
2. double-deck gradient laser gain material manufacture method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Two groups of pipelines are respectively fed to
The metal dust of unlike material.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109295454B (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2021-02-12 | 江苏大学 | Lateral powder feeding head for laser cladding |
| CN109277570B (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2020-12-15 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | Laser powder feeding additive manufacturing method of Ni25 nickel-based alloy bar |
| CN110102762A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-08-09 | 北京遥感设备研究所 | A kind of Mn-Cu and Fe-Ni dissimilar material gradient-structure manufacturing process |
| CN110592585B (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2021-02-02 | 上海彩石激光科技有限公司 | Ultra-high-speed laser cladding system and method |
| CN113182534B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-11-29 | 南京中科煜宸激光技术有限公司 | Laser cladding additive manufacturing method realized based on laser cladding additive manufacturing system |
| CN113953531B (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-07-22 | 西安交通大学 | Method for reducing powder sticking on side surface of laser additive manufacturing part |
| CN114682805B (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2023-07-28 | 中国人民解放军32181部队 | Powder feeding nozzle and additive manufacturing method |
| CN115261846A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-11-01 | 国网宁夏电力有限公司超高压公司 | Method and device for repairing and strengthening surface of isolating switch based on supersonic laser deposition |
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| JPH0810978A (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 1996-01-16 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Laser beam machining head |
| CN2869036Y (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2007-02-14 | 北京工业大学 | Laser-made coaxial powder-feeding head |
| CN100436031C (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2008-11-26 | 苏州大学 | Laser precision coated powder coaxial device |
| CN100387380C (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2008-05-14 | 苏州大学 | Laser spot coating-shaping process and coaxial spray head |
| CN102140637A (en) * | 2010-02-01 | 2011-08-03 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | System for coating refractory metal material on base and laser cladding method |
| CN105290399B (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2017-12-29 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | Powder feeding mechanism |
| CN104164668A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2014-11-26 | 北京工业大学 | Preparation method of high-temperature anti-wear Fe-Cr-B-Al alloy |
| CN104694923B (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2017-06-13 | 湖南大学 | A kind of four tubular type coaxial powder-feeding nozzles for converging focus adjustable |
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Effective date of registration: 20180808 Address after: 210038 Heng Yuan Road, Nanjing economic and Technological Development Zone, Jiangsu Patentee after: Naijing Zhongke Shenguang Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 210038 A building, Longgang science and Technology Park, Heng Yuan Road, Nanjing economic and Technological Development Zone, Nanjing, Jiangsu Patentee before: NANJING INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED LASER TECHNOLOGY |
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Effective date of registration: 20181206 Address after: 241000 Fanchang Economic Development Zone, Fanchang County, Wuhu City, Anhui Province Patentee after: Anhui Zhongke Spring Valley Laser Industry Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd. Address before: 210038 Heng Yuan Road, Nanjing economic and Technological Development Zone, Jiangsu Patentee before: Naijing Zhongke Shenguang Technology Co., Ltd. |
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