CN105738929B - A kind of Beidou communication navigation integral machine mounted terminal - Google Patents
A kind of Beidou communication navigation integral machine mounted terminal Download PDFInfo
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- CN105738929B CN105738929B CN201610116647.XA CN201610116647A CN105738929B CN 105738929 B CN105738929 B CN 105738929B CN 201610116647 A CN201610116647 A CN 201610116647A CN 105738929 B CN105738929 B CN 105738929B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/13—Receivers
- G01S19/35—Constructional details or hardware or software details of the signal processing chain
- G01S19/37—Hardware or software details of the signal processing chain
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- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of Beidou communication navigation integral machine mounted terminal, including：The airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper, airborne sail information processor and cockpit traffic information display；The airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper, for receiving and sending Beidou communication information；The airborne sail information processor, for completing the encoding and decoding task and the airborne navigation information data of combined treatment of airborne vehicle Big Dipper information；The cockpit traffic information display, for presentation of information and control, human-computer interaction interface is provided for pilot.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to satellite Airborne Terminal technical field, and in particular to a kind of Beidou communication navigation integration airborne end
End.
Background technology
With the rapid development of China's Aviation Industry, C919 airliners, ARJ21 turbofans secondary-line-aircraft, Xinzhou 60 whirlpool oar
Secondary-line-aircraft, H425 helicopters, 12 general-purpose aircrafts of fortune, the type aircraft such as straight 15 Medium Helicopter continue to bring out, especially with
Deepening continuously for China's low altitude airspace administrative reform, the increasingly fast development of General Aviation market, the airborne vehicle of low-latitude flying exists
Communication failure is often faced in flight course, the serious reality technology problem such as navigation is inaccurate, monitoring blind area is big, and at present
The airborne equipment technology subject matter that international airline interface is faced.
The content of the invention
To overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of Beidou communication navigate integral machine mounted terminal,
Including：
The airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper, airborne sail information processor and cockpit traffic information display；
The airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper, for receiving and sending Beidou communication information；
The airborne sail information processor, for completing the encoding and decoding task and combination processing machine of airborne vehicle Big Dipper information
Carry navigation information data；
The cockpit traffic information display, for presentation of information and control, human-computer interaction interface is provided for pilot.
Preferably, the airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper includes antenna and main frame；
The antenna further comprises：
Power amplifier, for the high power being amplified to low level signal in tranmitting frequency required for long-distance transmissions
Level；
Emission filter, the band stray signal in output signal for filtering out power amplifier；
Duplexer, further comprise that the Big Dipper receives LNA unit, emission controlling unit and combining processing unit；
The Big Dipper receives LNA unit, for doing radio-frequency front-end processing to Big Dipper reception signal；
Emission controlling unit, for controlling Big Dipper emission power amplifier；
The combining processing unit, for being synthesized to Big Dipper reception signal and Big Dipper transmission signal.
Preferably, the main frame further comprises frequency converter module, signal processing module signal, processing data information module
And power module；
The frequency converter module includes launch channel and receives channel, for completing up/down frequency conversion, gain balance, intermediate frequency
Filtering；
Signal processing module, for sampling for the simulation low intermediate frequency signal sent to frequency converter module, it will simulate low
Intermediate-freuqncy signal is transformed to time discrete data signal；Complete capture, tracking, navigation message demodulation, the time difference survey to reception signal
Amount；The transmission base band data sent to message processing module carries out spread processing, send the data after spread spectrum to frequency converter module, produces
Raw modulated spread spectrum signal；
The processing data information module, which is used to handle, receives data；It is described processing include but is not limited to broadcast, it is public,
The extraction of the information such as communication, realize that user authorizes；
The power module, for powering.
Preferably, described information processing module is also responsible for detecting outside Interface status in real time, has detected and has gone all out to do one's duty regardless of personal danger
The order received is explained after order, performs corresponding operation.
Preferably, described detect is explained to the order that receives after effective order, performs corresponding operation, specifically
For：If the related command of transmitting, then according to check-in signal form framing, give signal processing module after authentication.
Preferably, power module also includes electromagnetic interface filter.
Preferably, the airborne sail information processor further comprises message processing module (MPM), memory module, interface
Manage module, power source protective module；
The message processing module (MPM) further comprises：
ADS-C packet parsing modules, for receiving the ADS-C contracts of ground air traffic control system transmission from the airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper
Formula message, is parsed to message, and carries out automatic-answering back device according to fixed contract form；
ADS-C messages assemble module, for from the airborne subscriber computer receiving position data of the Big Dipper, and carry out parsing meter to data
Calculate, be then packaged into ADS-C contract messages, be sent to the airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper according to setting frequency so as to realize that ADS-C is reported
The lower transmission module of text；
CPDLC packet parsing modules, for receiving the CPDLC message informations from the airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper, and to message
Dissection process is carried out, then send cockpit traffic information display to be shown；
CPDLC messages assemble module, for receiving under pilot's response or active from cockpit traffic information display
Information is passed, and the information is assembled into CPDLC downlink messages according to regulation form, message is then sent to the airborne user of the Big Dipper
Machine, passed so as to realize under CPDLC messages；
The memory module, the various data used for depositing information process to need；
The interface processing module, comprising 5 serial ports, possess 64Bytes FIFO, serial port baud rate is adjustable, and highest can
Up to 115.2Kbps；From external reception Big Dipper transceiving data；Airborne inses signal；Pressure altitude signal；Cockpit display data with
And loading and detection data；
The power source protective module, drawn by unified plug, on configuration power-supply filter, power panel to male connector
All with the plugs and sockets of locking mechanism, to ensure that plug is solid and reliable.
Preferably, airborne sail information processor pair external tapping includes：
Subscriber computer airborne with the Big Dipper carries out the RS-422 interfaces of data crosslinking；With the RS-422 of cockpit traffic display crosslinking
Interface；The RS-232 interface for loading and detecting for data；Carrier aircraft power interface；Standby RS-422 interfaces：Combined treatment is airborne
Navigation data source.
Preferably, the cockpit traffic information display has tri- external interfaces of USB, RS-232 and RS-422, passes through
RS-232 carries out data loading and output, is crosslinked by RS-422 interfaces and airborne sail information processor；Cockpit traffic
Display is crosslinked with airborne sail information processor, is received the data that airborne sail information processor transmits, is pilot and ground
Diligent personnel provide the CPDLC human-computer interaction interfaces of application.
Preferably, the cockpit traffic information display receive status information that airborne sail information processor sends and
CPDLC message informations are simultaneously shown, man-machine interaction circle that CPDLC message interactions are carried out with ground system is provided for pilot
Face,
The cockpit traffic information display receives status information and the CPDLC messages that airborne sail information processor is sent
Information is simultaneously shown, the human-computer interaction interface that CPDLC message interactions are carried out with ground system is provided for pilot, for solving
Analyse and show that the CPDLC message informations of airborne processor forwarding are carried out；Compiled for being provided for pilot for CPDLC messages
Volume and response operation interface；
The status information sent for receiving airborne sail information processor, with reference to oneself state information, in application interface
On provide in real time Big Dipper airborne version subscriber computer, airborne sail information processor and cockpit traffic display working condition prompting；
And arrange parameter.
Described above is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the technological means of the present invention,
And can be practiced according to the content of specification, below with presently preferred embodiments of the present invention and coordinate accompanying drawing describe in detail as after.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows blank pipe emergency management and rescue Beidou communication navigation integral system according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 shows the block diagram of Beidou communication navigation integral machine mounted terminal according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 shows the airborne subscriber computer composition frame chart of the Big Dipper according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 shows the composition frame chart of record sail information processor according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 shows cockpit traffic information display composition frame chart according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 shows the block diagram of surface-monitoring equipment according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 7 shows the theory diagram of integrated radio-frequency module according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 8-1 to 8-3 respectively illustrates the quantization threshold and noise using 3 bits, 2 bits and 1.5 bit dynamic quantizations
Than the simulation figure of loss；
Fig. 9 shows the theory diagram of the anti-fading/low-power consumption front end of combination according to an embodiment of the invention；
Figure 10 shows the signal flow graph of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) estimation according to an embodiment of the invention；
Figure 11 shows single cable multi signal transmission schematic diagram according to an embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Further to illustrate the present invention to reach the technological means and effect that predetermined goal of the invention is taken, below in conjunction with
Accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, to according to its embodiment of big-dipper satellite Airborne Terminal, feature and its work(proposed by the present invention
Effect, describe in detail as after.In the following description, what different " embodiment " or " embodiment " referred to is not necessarily same implementation
Example.In addition, the special characteristic, structure or feature in one or more embodiments can be combined by any suitable form.
In the specific embodiment of the present invention,
As shown in figure 1, blank pipe emergency management and rescue Beidou communication navigation integral system includes Beidou communication navigation integral machine
Carry equipment and surface-monitoring equipment；
The surface-monitoring equipment, for receiving the information of Beidou communication navigation integral machine mounted terminal；To Beidou communication
The aircraft position message and pilot's short message message that navigation integral machine mounted terminal is sent are handled, and generate air situation situation；
Generate earth-space communication monitoring information；
The Beidou communication navigation integral machine mounted terminal, for providing automatic dependent surveillance (ADS)；Controller and flight
Member's Data-Link communication (CPDLC)；And assisting navigation.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the automatic dependent surveillance (ADS) refers to, is airborne vehicle and ground
Air traffic control system establishes the information such as communication channel link, real-time exchange airborne vehicle air position, regulatory service.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the controller communicated with Pilot Data's chain (CPDLC) refer to
Controller carries out blank pipe information exchange with pilot by digital short message.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the assisting navigation refers to that Airborne Terminal utilizes self poisoning information
After being merged with aircraft onboard navigation output information, there is provided assisting navigation service.
As shown in Fig. 2 the Beidou communication navigation integral machine mounted terminal includes：The airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper, airborne navigation
Processor and cockpit traffic information display；
The airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper, for receiving and sending Beidou communication information；
The airborne sail information processor, for completing the encoding and decoding task and combination processing machine of airborne vehicle Big Dipper information
Carry navigation information data；
The cockpit traffic information display, for presentation of information and control, human-computer interaction interface is provided for pilot.
Beidou communication navigates integral machine mounted terminal power switch design on cockpit traffic information diaplay device, works as display
Switch closure when, give the airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper and airborne sail information processor one ground signalling, the airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper and
Airborne sail information processor receives Auto Power On after ground signalling, the airborne backward cockpit traffic letter of sail information processor start
Display output 12V voltages are ceased, automatic start after electricity on cockpit traffic information display, into application interface.
As shown in figure 3, the airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper includes antenna and main frame；
The antenna further comprises：
Power amplifier, for the high power being amplified to low level signal in tranmitting frequency required for long-distance transmissions
Level；
Emission filter, the band stray signal in output signal for filtering out power amplifier；
Duplexer, further comprise that the Big Dipper receives LNA unit, emission controlling unit and combining processing unit；
The Big Dipper receives LNA unit, for doing radio-frequency front-end processing to Big Dipper reception signal；
Emission controlling unit, for controlling Big Dipper emission power amplifier；
The combining processing unit, for being synthesized to Big Dipper reception signal and Big Dipper transmission signal；
The main frame further comprises frequency converter module, signal processing module signal, message processing module and power supply mould
Block；
The frequency converter module includes launch channel and receives channel, for completing up/down frequency conversion, gain balance, intermediate frequency
Filtering；
Signal processing module, for sampling for the simulation low intermediate frequency signal sent to frequency converter module, it will simulate low
Intermediate-freuqncy signal is transformed to time discrete data signal；Complete capture, tracking, navigation message demodulation, the time difference survey to reception signal
Amount；The transmission base band data sent to message processing module carries out spread processing, send the data after spread spectrum to frequency converter module, produces
Raw modulated spread spectrum signal；
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the signal processing module be provided with 6 parallel receiving channels and
One transmission channel.6 of three " Big Dipper No.1 " satellites (eastern star, western star, backup star) of receiving channel difference reception system
Outbound wave beam.The transmission base band data that transmission channel sends message processing module carries out spread processing, and by the number after spread spectrum
According to sending frequency converter module, and 1615.68MHz carrier waves are modulated, produce modulated spread spectrum signal.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve measurement accuracy, signal processing module is auxiliary using carrier wave
A yard ring tracking is helped, so that code ring can accurately reflect, track Dynamic Signal, improves the dynamic property of tracking ring.
Described information processing module is used for processing of the completion to six channel reception data (such as to broadcast, public, communication
The extraction of information), realize that user authorizes.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described information processing module is also responsible for carrying out outside Interface status
Detection in real time, detect and the order that receives is explained after effective order, perform corresponding operation.If the phase of transmitting
Order is closed, then according to check-in signal form framing, signal processing module is given after authentication.
The power module is that the modules such as frequency converter module, signal transacting, information processing carry by DC/DC conversion modules group
It is provided with the reliable various voltages of effect.Each road voltage is exported by single DC/DC chips, can convey different electricity to each module
Grade and the second best in quality power supply of power demand are pressed, ensures the reliable and stable work of complete machine.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, power module also includes electromagnetic interface filter, solves equipment well
Electromagnetic compatibility problem between system so that equipment and system are not interfere with each other.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, S-band exit signal that " Big Dipper No.1 " satellite is broadcast arrives first
Up to the antenna part of the airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper, collected small-signal is sent to reception letter by the airborne subscriber computer antenna of the Big Dipper
Road.Channel is received by the small-signal amplification of antenna feed, down coversion, final output intermediate-freuqncy signal, and intermediate-freuqncy signal is sent to
Signal processing module is handled.
The intermediate-freuqncy signal that reception channel is sent is carried out sample quantization, output by signal processing module by A/D converting units
The digital sample values of exit signal, handled for follow-up receiving unit.
Receiving unit includes six receiving channels, and (each passage includes：Track despread unit, symbol demodulation unit and information
Decoding unit three parts), the I branch roads of exit signal for being responsible for forwarding " Big Dipper No.1 " satellite be tracked respectively despreading,
Symbol demodulation and information decoding.Despread unit is tracked to signals selected progress Code acquisition, code tracking and despreading, while according to reception
To I branch road information judged whether to de-spread Q tributary signals.Data signal after despreading gives symbol demodulation unit
Processing.Symbol demodulation unit carries out offset estimation, frequency deviation offsets, then precision tracking first to the I branch road despread signals of input
Carrier phase and symbol demodulation；Equally, the symbol of Q branch roads is demodulated simultaneously when necessary, the value of symbol warp demodulated
Information decoding unit is sent to after crossing three bit quantizations.Three bits of the information decoding unit to the I branch roads (Q branch roads if necessary) of input
Quantify numeral and carry out Viterbi Soft decision decoding, obtained information data is sent to message processing module.
Message processing module is used for controlling co-ordination between each unit, can complete the processing of six channel reception data,
Including communicating, positioning, broadcasting, the extraction of the information such as public, it is complete and by being operated to encryption/decryption module (IC-card or security chip)
The decryption of data is received in pairs.Message processing module is also responsible for detecting outside interface data in real time, has detected and has gone all out to do one's duty regardless of personal danger
After order, corresponding operation is performed, while implementing result is returned.
If message processing module receives the transmitting related command such as communication application, phase is generated according to check-in signal form
The text answered, and text is delivered into encryption/decryption module and is encrypted, and give the text after encryption to signal processing module, signal
Processing module is spread to the text, and frequency converter is given in the form of baseband signal, and frequency converter arrives modulate baseband information
Launch carrier wave, and power amplifier is given transmission signal, after power amplification, satellite is transmitted to by transmitting antenna.
As shown in figure 4, the airborne sail information processor further comprises message processing module (MPM), memory module, connect
Mouth processing module, power source protective module；
The message processing module (MPM) further comprises：
ADS-C packet parsing modules, the ADS-C contract reports of ground air traffic control system transmission are received for airborne subscriber computer
Text, message is parsed, and automatic-answering back device is carried out according to fixed contract form；
ADS-C messages assemble module, carry out analytical Calculation for airborne subscriber computer receiving position data, and to data, so
After be packaged into ADS-C contract messages, according to setting frequency be sent to the airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper so as to realize under ADS-C messages
Transmission module；
CPDLC packet parsing modules, for the CPDLC message informations from the airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper, and message is solved
Analysis is handled, and then send cockpit traffic information display to be shown；
CPDLC messages assemble module, for pilot's response from cockpit traffic information display or active download information,
And the information is assembled into CPDLC downlink messages according to regulation form, message is then sent to the airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper, so as to
Realize and passed under CPDLC messages；
The memory module, the various data used for depositing information process to need；
The interface processing module, comprising 5 serial ports, possess 64Bytes FIFO, serial port baud rate is adjustable, and highest can
Up to 115.2Kbps；From external reception Big Dipper transceiving data；Airborne inses signal；Pressure altitude signal；Cockpit display data with
And loading and detection data；
The power source protective module, drawn by unified plug, on configuration power-supply filter, power panel to male connector
All with the plugs and sockets of locking mechanism, to ensure that plug is solid and reliable.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, power-supply filter selection can receive+16V~+36V inputs, electricity
Flow valuve is the DC wave filter more than 1A.Power-supply filter is directly connected firmly in structure, is directly fastened by screw.
System is powered using single+5V, and board major part device operating voltages are+5V, and core voltage 1.25V, I/O voltage is
3.3V, therefore, it is necessary to conscientious careful planning is carried out to power unit.In the system, using dc-dc, stable output
1.25V, 2.5V and 3.3V, it is ensured that system power supply can be under the conditions of defined, stable, normal work.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, airborne sail information processor pair external tapping includes：
Subscriber computer airborne with the Big Dipper carries out the RS-422 interfaces of data crosslinking；With the RS-422 of cockpit traffic display crosslinking
Interface；The RS-232 interface for loading and detecting for data；Carrier aircraft power interface；Standby RS-422 interfaces：Combined treatment is airborne
Navigation data source.
As shown in figure 5, the cockpit traffic information display includes display module, processing module, memory module, interface
Processing module and power module.
Cockpit traffic information display is powered by sail information processor, and after upper electric CPU module starts, process is a series of
The self-test flow such as BIOS, internal memory and peripheral interface enter operating system, application program passes through RS-422 interfaces and airborne navigation
Processor is crosslinked, and is shown after the data received are parsed.Cockpit traffic information display has USB, RS-
232 and RS-422, tri- external interfaces, data loading and output are carried out by RS-232, pass through RS-422 interfaces and airborne navigation
Processor is crosslinked.Cockpit traffic display is crosslinked with airborne sail information processor, is received at airborne sail information
The data that reason machine transmits, the CPDLC human-computer interaction interfaces of application are provided for pilot and ground crew.
The cockpit traffic information display receives status information and the CPDLC messages that airborne sail information processor is sent
Information is simultaneously shown, the human-computer interaction interface that CPDLC message interactions are carried out with ground system, the seat are provided for pilot
The status information and CPDLC message informations of the airborne sail information processor transmission of cabin traffic information diaplay device reception are simultaneously shown
Show, the human-computer interaction interface that CPDLC message interactions are carried out with ground system is provided for pilot, it is airborne for parsing and showing
The CPDLC message informations of processor forwarding are carried out；For providing the behaviour for CPDLC message editings and response for pilot
Make interface；
The status information sent for receiving airborne sail information processor, with reference to oneself state information, in application interface
On provide in real time Big Dipper airborne version subscriber computer, airborne sail information processor and cockpit traffic display working condition prompting；
And arrange parameter.
The parameter that cockpit traffic information display is set includes：Management information injection, the export of prefabricated free message, data
Deng.
The installation of Beidou communication navigation integral machine mounted terminal, can solve the problem that the ground blank pipe under the conditions of blank pipe emergency management and rescue
The problem of system monitoring scarce capacity.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, ground air traffic control system is as desired by Beidou communication function to appointing
Business airborne vehicle sends contract report, after the airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper receives the contract report that ground air traffic control system is sent, passes through number
Contract report information is passed through into airborne sail information processor according to interface, airborne sail information processor is according to contract form solution
Contract report is analysed, and edits packing response report information automatically according to current actual conditions, by data-interface by response report
Accusing information transmission gives the Big Dipper airborne subscriber computer, then utilizes Big Dipper generation short message communication function by response by the airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper
Report is sent to ground air traffic control system.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, controller communicates with Pilot Data's chain is divided into uplink and descending
The major class of chain two.Ground air traffic control system can be sent as desired by Big Dipper generation short message communication function to task airborne vehicle
The upper line commands of CPDLC, after the airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper receives the order that ground air traffic control system is sent, by data-interface, it will connect
The information received passes through airborne sail information processor, and line command is parsed on airborne sail information processor pair, and will
Information after parsing send cockpit traffic information display to show.After pilot sees order, pass through cockpit traffic information display
Response message is sent to airborne sail information processor, airborne sail information processor packs response message editor, concurrently
Give the Big Dipper airborne subscriber computer, response message is sent to ground air traffic control system, same pilot by the Big Dipper airborne subscriber computer
Can active earthward air traffic control system transmission solicited message, and wait the response of ground air traffic control system.
As shown in fig. 6, the surface-monitoring equipment includes：Big Dipper commander subscriber computer, information processing access device, transmission are multiple
Connect equipment and Big Dipper monitor workstation；
The Big Dipper commands subscriber computer, for positioning and receiving and sending Beidou communication information；Subordinate's user's group is set
And monitor that subordinate's user's group passes down message and commands the upload broadcast of message；
Described information handles access device, for the ADS passed down in the air messages to be converted into Big Dipper ground monitoring work station
Required message format, and uplink message will be converted into from Big Dipper ground monitoring work station ground control's message deliver to the Big Dipper referring to
Wave subscriber computer and be uploaded to Beidou communication navigation integral machine mounted terminal；
It is described transmission multiple connection equipment, between information processing access device and the Big Dipper monitor workstation information forward；
The Big Dipper ground monitoring work station, for monitoring air situation situation, commander and distribution air situation message.
Message and commander's message are passed under subordinate's user's group by commanding subscriber computer to set subordinate's user's group and monitor in the Big Dipper
Upload broadcast, be easy under the conditions of emergency management and rescue carry out movable ground monitoring system erection.Big Dipper ground monitoring works
Stand and realize the air situation situation monitoring based on numerical map using advanced digital GIS-Geographic Information System, and air situation situation is distributed to
Other ground air traffic control systems.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the surface-monitoring equipment further comprises：Big Dipper commander user
Machine A and the Big Dipper command subscriber computer B, each other Hot Spare.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, after surface-monitoring equipment start, Big Dipper commander subscriber computer A and
The Big Dipper commands subscriber computer B by power-on self-test, per second to report an oneself state, including equipment shape to data processing access device
The information such as state and emission time as defined in whether reaching, through transmitting multiple connection equipment access Big Dipper monitor workstation real-time display.
Big Dipper commander subscriber computer A be primary communication equipment, and it is standby communication facility that the Big Dipper, which commands subscriber computer B, the surface-monitoring equipment
With Hot Spare automatic switching capabilities：When Big Dipper commander's subscriber computer A is normal, subscriber computer A is commanded to send short report using only the Big Dipper
Literary information；When Big Dipper commander's subscriber computer A breaks down and Big Dipper commander's subscriber computer B is normal, system automatically switches to the Big Dipper and referred to
Wave subscriber computer B and send up short message information.Due to using Hot Spare active configuration, two Taibei bucket commander's subscriber computer will connect simultaneously
Position report and the short message code that airborne vehicle passes down are received, is handled through information redundancy and selects correct information, further improve system
The transmission reliability of system.
In order to realize that airborne use of the integration of Beidou communication navigation integral machine mounted terminal, miniaturization and low-power consumption will
Ask, it is necessary to use integrated design to transceiver channel.
As shown in fig. 7, according to the specific embodiment of the present invention, for Beidou communication navigation integral machine mounted terminal
Receiving channel, wherein reception antenna receives the radiofrequency signal from satellite, filters out out-of-band interference through preselector, low noise is put
Big device provides about 30dB gain, and the first mixing is further entered after filtering, completes first time frequency conversion, amplification, the filtering of signal,
Amplified signal is exaggerated about 40dB again, and into the second mixing, after 45dB amplifications are put in two, the intermediate-freuqncy signal for exporting 0dBm is gone
Signal processing module.For Beidou communication navigation integral machine mounted terminal transmission channel, by signal processing module Lai
The shaped filtering of 4.08MHz spread data streams, BPSK modulation, output 10dBm 1615.68MHz phase modulation letters are completed into phase converter
Number, amplify through pre-selection, promote power amplifier, finally radiofrequency signal of the output more than 40dBm, is launched by transmitting antenna.
Because receiving channel gain is more than 110dB, therefore easily it is interfered, it is also integrated particularly in the volume of very little
There is powerful emitter, transceiver insulation needs especially to be handled.On the premise of total noise of centrifuge is ensured, need to believe transmitting
Number enough filtering is carried out, processing is formed to modulation data, reduces the out-of-band radiation of transmission signal；Need to receiving power supply
And send power supply and take quarantine measures, suppression passes through the issuable interference of power supply, and three is indispensable.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the radio frequency electrical for the integral machine mounted terminal that navigated for Beidou communication
Road, the chip of widely used high integration replaces original discrete device in chip selection；From higher in material selection
The material of dielectric constant；In the distribution of signal wire, use device underground distribution mode more.By multi-layer PCB, paster technique,
Sintering process minimizes, and concrete measure is as follows：
1) antenna oscillator minimizes
From high dielectric constant material and minimized radiation area, novel miniaturization antenna oscillator is manufactured, is subtracted outside antenna
Structure and high frequency connectors (such as SMA), by antenna oscillator insertion complete machine structure design.
2) receive-transmit isolation
Dual-mode antenna reduces directly affecting (spatial domain is overlapping) for dual-mode antenna using plane figure；Improve antenna transmitting-receiving every
From degree (small area radiating surface)；The spacing of the increasing dual-mode antenna of maximum possible reduces the mutual lotus root of antenna；In transmitting power amplifier design
Output end and LNA input filter, realize that direct receive-transmit isolation improves.
3) launch phase modulation balance and carrier wave suppresses
Input modulation is balanced from both-end, shaping and differential amplifier circuit are added in baseband signal, reduces modulated signal
Phase deviation.Solve carrier wave using space isolation technology and Phase Compensation and suppress problem.
4) 10W power amplifiers minimize
Using class-a amplifier design method, reach the more preferable linearity；Launched by power supply and reduce the standby work(of complete machine
Consumption；Using embedded design, 10W power amplifier volumes are saved.
5) low-noise amplifier minimizes
Using embedded design, low-noise amplifier volume is saved, and ensure complete machine threshold level index.
6) wave filter minimizes
In radio-frequency front-end using miniaturization dielectric filter, hold filtered using microstripline filter instead of cavity before transmission
Device, small-sized SAW filter is used in high intermediate frequency (IF) Design, small package paster LC bandpass filters are used in intermediate-frequency section.
7) Up/Down Conversion device and frequency synthesizer miniaturization
From or design specialized transceiving radio frequency application-specific integrated circuit, using integrated VCO and the two-way frequency synthesizer of loop filter
IC, the local oscillator of the local oscillator of receiving channel first and transmission channel is public, and reducing volume reduces power consumption.
8) frequency intermodulation and mirror image suppress
Local oscillator quantity is reduced, improves local frequency, from optimal local frequency and selects suitable Combination Design scheme.
Each several part local oscillator and clock circuit are carried out into shielding.
9) dual mode system electromagnetic interference controls
Using power supply technology and isolated from power technology：Time-division processing will be used close to the signal of co-channel interference, will sent out
Partial power is penetrated individually to control with receiving portion power supply.Designed using rational cavity and micro-strip, reduce the interference between signal.
To make Beidou communication navigation integral machine mounted terminal possess certain anti-fading ability, according to one of present invention tool
Body embodiment, secondary adaptive quantizing is carried out via the data signal exported after analog-to-digital conversion, pre-filtering for intermediate-freuqncy signal,
And reject invalid data, make equipment under fading environment can normal work, and possess the ability of certain rejecting single-tone jamming, together
When, also cause the operand of signal transacting to reduce, so as to reach low-power consumption effect.
Fig. 8-1 to 8-3 respectively illustrates the quantization threshold and noise using 3 bits, 2 bits and 1.5 bit dynamic quantizations
Than the simulation figure of loss；By contrast as can be seen that for 2bit situations, when using optimal quantization value, quantify loss not
Sufficient 0.6dB；Greatly reduced with the bit width of follow-up signal processing is caused again.In addition, after dynamic quantization is used, receiver
Will not be fluctuated by received signal level is influenceed, and good anti-fading ability and minimum are suffered from nearly 40dB scope
Quantization loss.This application for complex environment is extremely advantageous.It is therefore preferred that selection enters Mobile state using 2 bits
Quantify.
As shown in figure 9, the low intermediate frequency signal from radio-frequency module passes through ADC and pre-filtering module, when being transformed to discrete
Between signal and eliminate out-of-band noise (i.e. interference signal).Then, estimated according to the change of Signal-to-Noise and post-processing unit
The noise level of meter, the threshold value of second quantization is calculated, and the processing of second quantization is carried out according to threshold value.Translate the signals into for
2bit width, to reduce the hardware size of post-processing module (and then reducing processing power consumption).Moved meanwhile, it is capable to adapt to signal front end
State changes and has the ability of certain rejecting single-tone jamming.
Then it is difficult to take into account height according to fixed threshold due to input satellite-signal and the level fluctuation of interference signal
Level dynamically changes, according to the specific embodiment of the present invention, using dynamic threshold；It is preferably by noise electricity
The estimation of signal to noise ratio obtains optimal dynamic threshold after flat estimation, the estimation of incoming signal level and demodulation.
, can be according to as shown in Figure 10 according to the specific embodiment of the present invention after satellite exit signal locks
Signal to noise ratio after signal flow is demodulated；
Output being superimposed for useful signal and noise power of correlator, and broadband signal is can be considered, it is with a width of 1/T, T
For pre-correlation bandwidth.To its power carry out M time add up, can obtain for：
After despread, the signal of correlator output is narrow band signal, and power is represented by：
Narrow band power is normalized, obtained：
K accumulation is carried out to above formula, is obtained：
Then signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) estimation is represented by：
When table 1 is shown using 8bit quantizations and bis- both different quantification manners of adaptive quantizing of 2bit, hardware
Platform consumes resource comparison table：
| Quantization algorithm type | 8bit quantifies | Bis- adaptive quantizings of 2bit |
| Combinational logic (look-up table LUT) | 32170 | 23109 |
| Register | 33215 | 20536 |
| Logical resource (LE) | 37681 | 26263 |
| Internal RAM (bits) | 85341 | 51880 |
| Multiplier | 43 | 15 |
Table 1
It is visible by contrasting, although the present invention in employ secondary adaptive quantizing, due to translate the signals into for
2bit width, hardware size (and then reducing processing power consumption) various resources of processing module are needed after reducing can save 30%
More than.
In the connected mode of the airborne user's machine host of the Big Dipper and antenna, if taking the combination of multi-cable, need
Five lines are wanted, i.e. two radio-frequency cables are respectively used to transmitting transceiver two-way Big Dipper radiofrequency signal, and two power line delivering powers are put
Power supply needed for big device, the control line of a control power amplifier transmitting.The connected mode of this high-low frequency mixed loading, line is more, processing
Assembling is complicated, and reliability is low, and cost is high, and the connection reliability under the high vibration environment of high-speed motion is even more big gives a discount in the air
Button.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, using single cable multi signal transmission means, a radio frequency electrical is utilized
Cable, the signal of transmission institute transmission in need so that the connection simplicity between main frame and aerial head, drastically increase connection can
By property and maintenanceability.
As shown in figure 11, using the operation principle of the transmission duplex in communication, transceiver insulation is realized using duplexer, is passed through
Cable core is fed in completing, while detects radiofrequency signal, serves as the switch control of power amplifier, reaches the mesh of full-duplex communication positioning
's.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention,
Blank pipe emergency management and rescue Beidou communication navigation integral system message species includes following five class：
(1) airborne vehicle download information message
1) when airborne location information is effective, and the airborne subscriber computer delivery time of the Big Dipper arrives, Airborne Terminal automatically generates
Aircraft position is reported, while the short message code that pilot is selected is inserted after respective field and gives the Big Dipper airborne subscriber computer in the lump
Under pass.
2) have that pilot selectes when airborne location information is invalid, and when the airborne subscriber computer delivery time of the Big Dipper arrives short disappears
Cease transmission task, the respective field that Airborne Terminal inserts the short message code that pilot selectes in lower fly-by office staff short message message
After give and passed under the airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper.
3) when airborne location information is invalid, and the airborne subscriber computer delivery time of the Big Dipper arrives, Airborne Terminal does not have short message
Transmission task, Airborne Terminal send active location control instruction to the airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper, it is active to start the airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper
Positioning application.
(2) control and state message between airborne equipment
1) Airborne Terminal is the airborne end control device of system.According to system need of work, automatic or manual production can be intervened
The raw control message to the airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper.
2) during normal work, the airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper is per second to report an oneself state information to Airborne Terminal, when receiving
After the control message that Airborne Terminal is sent, response is carried out in next state message.
(3) ground upload information message
System ground uploads message and broadcasts (or multicast) upload information report including the point-to-point upload information message in ground, ground
Text and ground upload control message.
(4) ground uploading system control message (such as silent, communication/active location control)
Ground uploading system control message is used for the mode of operation/state for controlling airborne equipment, such as communication/active location choosing
Select, radio listening silence control etc..
(5) control and state message between ground installation
Control is used for ground Big Dipper monitor workstation to ground Big Dipper commander's subscriber computer with state message between ground installation
Mode of operation be controlled and state obtain.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, any formal limitation not is made to the present invention, though
So the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiment, but is not limited to the present invention, any to be familiar with this professional technology people
Member, without departing from the scope of the present invention, when the technology contents using the disclosure above make a little change or modification
For the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, as long as being the content without departing from technical solution of the present invention, the technical spirit according to the present invention
Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to above example, in the range of still falling within technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
- The integral machine mounted terminal 1. a kind of Beidou communication is navigated, including：The airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper, airborne sail information processor and cockpit traffic information display；The airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper, for receiving and sending Beidou communication information；The airborne sail information processor, for completing the encoding and decoding task of airborne vehicle Big Dipper information and combined treatment is airborne leads Boat information data；The cockpit traffic information display, for presentation of information and control, human-computer interaction interface is provided for pilot；The airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper includes antenna and main frame；The antenna further comprises：Power amplifier, it is electric for the high power required for low level signal to be amplified to long-distance transmissions in tranmitting frequency It is flat；Emission filter, the band stray signal in output signal for filtering out power amplifier；Duplexer, further comprise that the Big Dipper receives LNA unit, emission controlling unit and combining processing unit；The Big Dipper receives LNA unit, for doing radio-frequency front-end processing to Big Dipper reception signal；Emission controlling unit, for controlling Big Dipper emission power amplifier；The combining processing unit, for being synthesized to Big Dipper reception signal and Big Dipper transmission signal；The main frame further comprises frequency converter module, signal processing module signal, message processing module and power module；The frequency converter module includes launch channel and receives channel, for completing up/down frequency conversion, gain balance, intermediate frequency filtering；Signal processing module, for sampling for the simulation low intermediate frequency signal sent to frequency converter module, Low Medium Frequency will be simulated Signal is transformed to time discrete data signal；Complete capture to reception signal, tracking, navigation message demodulation, time difference measurement；It is right The transmission base band data that message processing module is sent carries out spread processing, send the data after spread spectrum to frequency converter module, produces tune Spread-spectrum signal processed；Described information processing module, which is used to handle, receives data；The processing includes but is not limited to broadcast, the public, communication information Extraction, realize user authorize；The power module, for powering；For the receiving channel of Beidou communication navigation integral machine mounted terminal, wherein reception antenna receives the radio frequency from satellite Signal, out-of-band interference is filtered out through preselector, low-noise amplifier provides 30dB gain, and it is mixed further to enter first after filtering Frequently, first time frequency conversion, amplification, the filtering of signal are completed, then amplified signal is exaggerated 40dB, into the second mixing, through second After intermediate frequency 45dB amplifications, the intermediate-freuqncy signal for exporting 0dBm removes signal processing module；Wherein for intermediate-freuqncy signal via analog-to-digital conversion, The data signal exported after pre-filtering carries out secondary adaptive quantizing；For Beidou communication navigation integral machine mounted terminal transmission channel, by signal processing module come 4.08MHz spread spectrum number According to shaping filter is flowed through, BPSK modulation is completed into phase converter, 10dBm1615.68MHz phase-modulated signals is exported, amplifies through pre-selection, Power amplifier, finally radiofrequency signal of the output more than 40dBm, is launched by transmitting antenna.
- The integral machine mounted terminal 2. Beidou communication according to claim 1 is navigated, it is characterised in that：Described information processing module is further used for detecting outside Interface status in real time, is docked after detecting effective order The order received explains, and performs corresponding operation.
- The integral machine mounted terminal 3. Beidou communication according to claim 2 is navigated, it is characterised in that：Described detect is explained to the order that receives after effective order, is performed corresponding operation, is specially：If hair The related command penetrated, then according to check-in signal form framing, signal processing module is given after authentication.
- The integral machine mounted terminal 4. Beidou communication according to claim 3 is navigated, it is characterised in that：Power module also includes electromagnetic interface filter.
- 5. according to any described Beidou communication navigation integral machine mounted terminals of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that：The airborne sail information processor further comprises message processing module (MPM), memory module, interface processing module, power supply Protection module；The message processing module (MPM), further comprises：ADS-C packet parsing modules, for receiving the ADS-C contract reports of ground air traffic control system transmission from the airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper Text, message is parsed, and automatic-answering back device is carried out according to fixed contract form；ADS-C messages assemble module, for carrying out analytical Calculation from the airborne subscriber computer receiving position data of the Big Dipper, and to data, Then ADS-C contract messages are packaged into, the airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper is sent to so as to realize ADS-C messages according to setting frequency Under pass function；CPDLC packet parsing modules, carried out for receiving the CPDLC message informations from the airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper, and to message Dissection process, cockpit traffic information display is then sent to be shown；CPDLC messages assemble module, for receiving pilot's response from cockpit traffic information display or actively passing letter down Breath, and the information is assembled into CPDLC downlink messages according to regulation form, message is then sent to the airborne subscriber computer of the Big Dipper, Passed so as to realize under CPDLC messages；The memory module, the various data used for depositing information process to need；The interface processing module, comprising 5 serial ports, possess 64Bytes FIFO, serial port baud rate is adjustable；From external reception Big Dipper transceiving data；Airborne inses signal；Pressure altitude signal；Cockpit display data and loading and detection data；The power source protective module, drawn by unified plug, it is whole to male connector on configuration power-supply filter, power panel With the plugs and sockets of locking mechanism, to ensure that plug is solid and reliable.
- The integral machine mounted terminal 6. Beidou communication according to claim 5 is navigated, it is characterised in that：Airborne sail information processor pair external tapping includes：Subscriber computer airborne with the Big Dipper carries out the RS-422 interfaces of data crosslinking；Connect with the RS-422 of cockpit traffic display crosslinking Mouthful；The RS-232 interface for loading and detecting for data；Carrier aircraft power interface；Standby RS-422 interfaces：Combined treatment is airborne to be led Boat data source.
- The integral machine mounted terminal 7. Beidou communication according to claim 6 is navigated, it is characterised in that：The cockpit traffic information display has tri- external interfaces of USB, RS-232 and RS-422, enters line number by RS-232 It is crosslinked according to loading and output, by RS-422 interfaces and airborne sail information processor；Cockpit traffic display with it is airborne Sail information processor is crosslinked, and is received the data that airborne sail information processor transmits, is provided for pilot and ground crew The human-computer interaction interface of CPDLC applications.
- The integral machine mounted terminal 8. Beidou communication according to claim 7 is navigated, it is characterised in that：The cockpit traffic information display receives status information and the CPDLC message informations that airborne sail information processor is sent And shown, the human-computer interaction interface that CPDLC message interactions are carried out with ground system is provided for pilot, for parsing simultaneously Show that the CPDLC message informations of airborne processor forwarding are carried out；For being provided for pilot for CPDLC message editings and The operation interface of response；The status information sent for receiving airborne sail information processor, it is real on application interface with reference to oneself state information When provide Big Dipper airborne version subscriber computer, airborne sail information processor and cockpit traffic display working condition prompting；And Arrange parameter.
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| CN106226803A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-12-14 | 深圳市华信天线技术有限公司 | Localization method, device and unmanned plane |
| CN106405590A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-02-15 | 深圳市赛格导航科技股份有限公司 | High-precision fixed-point position searching method and system |
| CN108170475A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-06-15 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 | A kind of embedded software development method for mobile heading reference equipment |
| CN108802777B (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2020-12-11 | 北京机械设备研究所 | Vehicle-mounted command control method based on Beidou |
| CN110057993A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-07-26 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | One kind being based on the integrated sewage monitoring device of Beidou admittance and monitoring method |
| CN110988918B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2022-03-01 | 中电科航空电子有限公司 | Airborne position tracking equipment and positioning method |
| CN111431584B (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2022-05-27 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Satellite mobile communication terminal based on radio frequency transceiver chip module |
| CN111951611A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-11-17 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心计算空气动力研究所 | ADS-B weak signal detection device and method based on multi-feature fusion |
| CN116527075B (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2023-08-25 | 四川九洲空管科技有限责任公司 | Airborne VDL mode 2 aviation communication radio station |
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| CN102331579B (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2013-06-12 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | Airborne navigation positioning system and satellite navigation positioning method applying same |
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| CN205405927U (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-07-27 | 北京盈想东方科技发展有限公司 | Airborne equipment based on big dipper satellite navigation |
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