RU85055U1 - DIGITAL COMMUNICATION ON-BOARD COMPLEX - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A complex of on-board digital communications equipment, consisting of two MV / UHF transceivers, a DKMV transceiver, characterized in that an additional decimeter-range transceiver module, a centimeter-range transceiver module, an information protection module, and a control and routing module are introduced, the first and the second MV / UHF transceiver and the DKMV transceiver with an antenna matching unit, made in the form of a three-channel wide-range module ligature, and routing control module is connected by two-way communication to the onboard equipment control and control bus lines and data lines to the respective inputs of the aforementioned modules and its analog low-frequency outputs are connected to two-way communication with on-board equipment and the respective inputs of the above transceivers. ! 2. The complex of on-board digital communications equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the three-channel wide-range communication module comprises a digital signal processing unit including a control device, a digital DKMV exciter for generating a radio frequency signal of a carrier frequency, and two digital exciters for MV / UHF range for generating a radio signal intermediate frequency, while the high-frequency output of the digital exciter DKMV range connected to the input of the power amplifier DKMV, the output of which is connected to the antennas an o-matching device, the output of which is connected to the corresponding antenna, the outputs of the digital receiving exciters of the MV / DMV ranges are connected by a two-way communication with the input�

Description

The utility model relates to airborne radio communication systems and can be used to exchange data and voice information in air-to-air radio communication channels between aircraft (AC) and in air-to-ground radio communication channels between aircraft and ground-based complexes range from 2 MHz to 6 GHz.

Known multi-channel digital transceiver [1], intended for use in cellular networks and using a limited radio frequency range, while not using the procedure of duplication and addition of information received on various radio channels.

Currently, the complex of airborne digital communications equipment (KSCSS) is widely used for the exchange of messages between aircraft avionics and ground services [2]. Channels for the exchange of current information are air-to-ground and ground-to-air radio channels of the MB and DKMV ranges. Organization of the exchange of information between ground services and airborne systems is carried out only by the ground complex. The system provides a call for voice communication and data transfer between aircraft and ground services. The ground complex interrogates aircraft located in its service area and collects information necessary for organizing communications from them. Horizontal communication is carried out on DKMV channels with updating of the control information once in 32 seconds according to the ARINC-635 specification [3]. The on-board control unit of the complex is a computer. The interface block of the complex is a separate device.

The disadvantages of this CSCCS include the diversity of the routing and control functions for various devices (control unit and interface unit), which leads to more complicated control algorithms. There is no possibility to reduce the time of message delivery (work in a fixed frame format for the DKMV range according to the ARINC-635 specification, the procedure for getting into communication and acknowledging the exchange strictly according to the TDMA / TDD protocol) and increasing the reliability of high-priority information due to the lack of duplication and mutual complementation for various channels. The presence of a separate modem for the MB band (not integrated into the corresponding transceiver) also complicates the management of the on-board complex. The absence of an antenna matching device in the DKMV range sharply reduces the amount of power given by the power amplifier, and, therefore, radiated to the air, and thereby reduces the communication range.

The technical solutions of the prototype and analogue do not allow simultaneous exchange of information in data networks operating using different exchange protocols, in radio channels with varying degrees of noise and radio interference of natural and artificial origin.

The main technical problem to be solved by the claimed utility model is to expand the complex’s functionality, including increasing the efficiency of used radio links of various radio bands, implementing navigation definitions based on range-finding methods for determining coordinates, identifying moving objects based on a navigation-connected principle, video sharing and audio information through the use of a routing and control module that allows you to receive / transmit and process information at the same time both from ground-based systems operating in heterogeneous data transmission networks, and from mobile objects (for air-to-air radio channels) equipped with similar wide-range digital radio communication systems, as well as through the use of the ShMS module, the DMV module, and the SMV module running a routing and management module.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the complex of on-board digital communications equipment (KBSTSS), consisting of two MV / UHF transceivers, a DKMV transceiver, an additional decimeter range transceiver (UHF) module, a centimeter range transceiver module (CMV), a protection module information and a control and routing module (MUM), while the first and second transceivers of the MV / UHF range and the transceiver of the DKMV range with the antenna matching unit, In the form of a three-channel wide-range communication module, the MUM is connected by two-way communications on the control bus to the on-board equipment and on the control bus and data bus to the corresponding inputs of each of the above modules, and its analog low-frequency inputs / outputs are connected by two-way communications with the on-board equipment and the corresponding inputs / the outputs of the above transceivers.

The three-channel wide-range communication module contains a digital signal processing unit, including a control device, a DKMV digital pickup exciter for generating a carrier frequency radio signal, and two MV / UMV digital pickup exciters for generating an intermediate frequency radio signal, while the high-frequency output of a DKMV digital pickup exciter is connected to the input of a power amplifier DKMV, the output of which is connected to the antenna matching device, the output of which is connected to the corresponding antenna the outputs of the digital receptors of the exciters of the MV / UHF bands are connected by two-way communication with the inputs of the frequency converters, the outputs of which are connected with the corresponding power amplifiers, the outputs of which are connected by the two-way connections with the corresponding antennas, the inputs / outputs of the control device are connected by the corresponding two-way connections with the control and routing module, each of digital exciters, each of the power amplifiers, each of the converters, and the antenna matching device.

The DMV transceiver module contains a signal processing and control unit, a DMV transceiver, a DMV power amplifier, a low-noise DMV amplifier, a satellite radio navigation receiver and antenna switch, and the signal and control unit is connected by a two-way control and data bus to the control and routing module and to the DMV pathogen, which carries out frequency conversion, and is connected to the input of the DMV amplifier and the output of the low-noise DMV amplifier with its output, the outputs / inputs of which connected to the antenna switch, which is connected to the corresponding UHF antenna, while a satellite radio navigation receiver-indicator is connected to the signal processing unit, the input of which is connected to the corresponding receiving satellite antenna.

The SMV transceiver module contains a radio modem unit, an SMV transceiver, an SMV power amplifier, a low-noise SMV amplifier, while the radio modem unit is connected by a two-way data bus and control bus with a control and routing module, and its outputs are connected via a data bus and an intermediate frequency line to the CMB transceiver which with its outputs / inputs is connected to the input of the SMV power amplifier and the output of the low-noise SMV amplifier, each of which is connected to the corresponding SMB antenna, while the radio modem unit is connected via a two-way control bus to the SMV receiver exciter, the SMV power amplifier and the low-noise SMV amplifier.

Distinctive features are:

- integration of the DKMV and MV / UMV channels in a single ShMS module with general control (through the control device of the DSP unit), allowing to quickly supplement and partially duplicate the information transmitted in these channels depending on the interference on the air;

- the use of the MUM module, which provides routing, general control of the CSCCS and the interface with the avionics of a moving object;

- application of the DMV module as part of the CSCCS for the implementation of information exchange functions in networks with different access methods, navigation definitions and subscriber identification functions;

- application of the SMV module as part of the CSCCS for the implementation of high-speed exchange of audio and video information.

The composition and structure of the CSCCS and its components are shown in figure 1 - figure 5, while the power sources and other minor elements are omitted.

Figure 1 shows the composition and structure of the complex of on-board digital communications, consisting of five main modules:

1 - control and routing module;

2 - a wide-range communication module;

3 - channel DKMV;

4-1, 4-2 - channels MV / DMV;

5 - module DMV;

6 - SMV module;

7 - information security module.

Figure 2 shows the main components of the structure of the wide-range communication module 2:

8 - block digital signal processing;

9 - power amplifier DKMV;

10-1 - frequency converter MV / DMV;

10-2 - frequency converter MV / DMV;

11 - antenna matching device DKMV;

12-1 - power amplifier MV / DMV;

12-2 - power amplifier MV / DMV.

Figure 3 shows the main structural components of the digital signal processing unit 8:

13 - control device;

14 - digital exciter DKMV;

15-1 - digital foster exciter MV / DMV;

15-2 - digital transponder exciter MV / DMV.

Figure 4 shows the structure of the module DMV 5:

16 - signal processing and control unit;

17 - receptor pathogen DMV;

18 - power amplifier DMV;

19 - low-noise amplifier DMV;

20 - satellite radio navigation receiver-indicator;

21 - antenna switch.

Figure 5 shows the structure of the module CMV 6:

22 - radio modem block;

23 - receptor pathogen SMV;

24 - power amplifier SMV;

25 - low-noise amplifier SMV.

KBSSTS is a multi-channel device that is designed to receive / transmit information from the avionics of a moving object to the integrated antenna system of a moving object in a wide range of radio waves (2 MHz - 6 GHz).

KBSTSS consists of five main modules, namely: control and routing module 1, wide-range communication module (SHMS) 2, forming a channel DKMV 3 and channels MV / DMV 4-1, 4-2, module DMV 5, module SMV 6 and module protection of information 7. The exchange of information between modules and the issuance of control commands MUM 1 through the corresponding control buses (figure 1). The inputs of the MUM on the control bus and the lines of reception / transmission of analog voice information are connected to the avionics equipment. A wide-range communication module 2 via the first control bus and the second data bus is connected to the outputs of the MUM 1, the analog voice information transmission / reception lines are connected to the DKMV 3 channel and the MV / DMV channels 4-1, 4-2. The composition and structure of the wide-range communication module 2 and its components are shown in figure 2 and figure 3.

ShMS 2 consists of a digital signal processing unit (DSP) 8, a power amplifier DKMV 9, an antenna matching device DKMV 11, a frequency converter MV / DMV 10-1 and 10-2 and power amplifiers MV / DMV 12-1 and 12-2 ;

The first and second outputs of MUM 1 are connected by a two-way control bus and data bus to the control unit 13 of the DSP 8. The third, fourth and fifth analog low-frequency lines of MUM 1 are connected to the corresponding inputs / outputs of the digital pickup exciter DKMV 14 and the inputs / outputs of two digital pickup exciters MV / DMV 15-1, 15-2.

The sixth output of the MUM 1 is connected by a two-way control and data bus to the DMV module 5, namely, to the signal processing and control unit 16. The composition and structure of the DMV module are shown in Fig. 4. The transmitting path of the DMV module includes the DMV 17 exciter exciter and the DMV 18 power amplifier; as a device of the receiving path, a low-noise amplifier DMV 19 is used. The output of the power amplifier DMV 18 and the input of the low-noise amplifier DMV 19 are connected to the antenna switch 21. A satellite radio navigation receiver 20 is connected to the signal processing and control unit 16.

The seventh and eighth outputs of the MUM 1 are connected by two-sided control and data buses to the CMB module 6, namely to the radio modem unit 22. The composition and structure of the CMB module 6 is shown in Fig. 5. On the control bus, the radio modem unit 22 is connected to the CMB 23 exciter, the SMV 24 power amplifier and the low-noise CMB 25 amplifier. In addition, via the data bus and the intermediate frequency line, the radio modem 22 is connected to the CMB 23 exciter, which is connected to the input of the CMB power amplifier 24, and its input is connected to the output of the low-noise amplifier SMV 25.

The eighth output of MUM 1 is connected by a two-way control and data bus to the information protection module 7.

The work of the complex is as follows.

At the preliminary (pre-flight) preparation of the CSCSC for operation, input and subsequent storage of the initial data for the protocols of the operation of various radio communication channels are performed. In the frames of the protocols, temporary reserves are laid for receiving / transmitting high-priority information. During the operation of the complex, the temporal parameters of communication sessions in various modes (speech, data, etc.) via various radio channels can be promptly changed, and control information can be obtained via another radio channel. MUM 1 stores this data in a storage device.

MUM is a small-sized on-board digital computer that performs the functions of controlling modules from the complex (generating control words for channel-forming equipment by frequency and type of work (radiation classes), level of radiated power), the function of interacting with the on-board electronic equipment, and the functions of a specialized digital computer , a voice informant, a telephone communication module, a converter-former of a video information data flow uu entering and transmitted through the communication channel module centimeter. MUM also performs the function of storing and transmitting to the appropriate radio channels and in the required formats the identification data of the moving object and the function of monitoring the state of the equipment of the complex up to a structurally removable unit.

All user level information is fed to the MUM via the data and control bus from external equipment of the avionics. Control information is also received on the same bus. Further, the MUM through the control buses brings the control information to the equipment of the corresponding radio channel. In the process of radio communication (upon receipt of response receipts about the successful or erroneous reception of the corresponding messages), the MUM can form a redistribution of the transmitted (received) information between different radio channels. Upon receipt of a notification from the avionics of a mobile unit about the need to deliver a high-priority message in the exchange protocols over various radio channels, a temporary backup occurs taking into account the operational interference on the air. According to the results of the acknowledgment of the transmitted (received) information, duplication of information in various radio channels is possible.

KBSTSS can use its radio channels and to relay the messages of other participants in the information exchange, both mobile objects and ground stations connected to various data transmission networks.

When performing the MUM function as a telephone communication module, telephone radio communication on one of the five possible radio channels is carried out either in open mode or in a mode with crypto-protected voice information, for which an information protection module is used. For this, the MUM has a connection with the avionics by low-frequency lines of the aircraft headsets and the corresponding lines with the modules ShMS, DMV, SMV, information protection. When operating in the “Speech” mode, the corresponding radio channel of the modules via the control bus is transferred to this mode. In addition, the MUM has a built-in voice informant that issues emergency messages to the crew of the facility.

The ShMS module 2, in which two MV / UHF channels and one DKMV channel are implemented, works as follows. After the control information about the corresponding frequency, at which the information is to be transmitted / received, is received on the control device (CU) 13 of the DSP 8 block via the control bus, the carrier (or intermediate for the MV / UHF channel) is synthesized by the digital methods of the digital exciter modulated depending on the operating mode (type of radiation), the data on which are embedded in the control information from the MUM.

UU when working in data transfer mode (telegraph or telecode) through the data bus and control transmits semantic information to the appropriate exciter. In the DKMV channel, after the digital receiver exciter, the RF signal is supplied to the power amplifier unit, and then, through the antenna matching device, to the DKVM antenna. In the MV / UHF channels, after the digital exciter excitation, the intermediate frequency signal is supplied to the frequency converter, which transfers the spectrum of the modulating signal to the carrier frequency, then, for amplification and filtering, to the MV / UHF power amplifier unit, and then to the corresponding MV / UHF antenna. When receiving a signal from the air, the reverse process occurs. Digital pickup exciters perform the function of modulating / demodulating the signal and through the UE exchange information with the MUM module via the corresponding data bus or directly through analog low-frequency lines (telephone mode lines) to exchange voice information.

The DMV 5 module is made in the form of a multifunctional integrated terminal [4]. It carries out, through the signal processing and control unit 16, interaction via a high-speed bus with the MUM module and is intended to solve the following functional problems:

- providing noise-immune secure telephone communication and data exchange with mobile objects and ground control points via independent 3 channels with special network communication protocols [4], namely, a network with transmission channels, a network with free access, a network with access via request, a network with access on request to a dedicated repeater, a combined network using two information channels;

- implementation of navigation definitions based on range-finding methods for determining coordinates;

- identification of subscribers of various virtual networks organized into a radio communication session based on a navigation-connected principle.

Broadband pulsed signals of the DMV module, the parameters of which vary according to the pseudo-random law, make the aiming jamming ineffective.

The SMV 6 module provides high-speed exchange of audio and video information between moving objects [5, 6. 7].

The radio modem unit 22 of the CMB module receives from the MUM a data stream for transmission and, at the same time, performs an encoding operation to protect against errors, modulates and generates an IF signal (intermediate frequency) and outputs it to the CMB 23 exciter, and the CMB transceiver transfers the signal spectrum to a high frequency and provides him into the SMV power amplifier. Then the amplified signal is fed to the transmitting antenna;

Upon receipt, the low-noise amplifier SMV 25, having received a signal from the receiving antenna, amplifies it, feeds it to the input of the SMV exciter, which converts it into an IF signal.

Upon receipt, the radio modem unit, having received an IF signal from the CMB receiver exciter, performs the demodulation operation of this signal, the decoding operation with error correction, and provides a data stream over the data bus to the MUM.

Upon receipt of a control command from the MUM via the control bus, the radio modem unit 22 controls the CMB 23 exciter, the SMB 24 power amplifier and the SMB 25 low-noise amplifier that receives signals from the corresponding antenna.

Periodically, the radio-frequency unit provides the MUM with data on monitoring the status of the components of the SMV module.

The interaction between the block radio modem module 22 and MUM is carried out on the Fiber Channel interface. The IF signals are transmitted between the radio modem unit 22 and the SMV 23 exciter, via two coaxial cables.

The expansion of the functionality of the complex in the field of communications is as follows:

- increasing the efficiency of air-ground digital radio communication lines through the use of four frequency ranges and several complex operating modes (voice, ACARS, and others);

- increase in the volume of received and processed data;

- reducing the load on the crew and reducing subjective errors in communication;

- interaction of various protocols of data transmission lines, especially in the presence of interference on the air;

- increase the reliability of the data.

In the field of navigation, the provision of navigation services with high integrity and accuracy is improved.

Literature:

1. Patent WO 96/21288.

2. RF patent No. 2319304.

3. Specification "Arink-635".

4. Belousov E.L., Korchagin V.M. Multifunctional integrated communication system, navigation and recognition // Communication systems, television and radio broadcasting, No. 2-3, 2001, pp. 27-29.

5. http://www.psj.ru/saver_magazins/detail.php?ID=9996

6.http: //www.rtisystems.ru/

7. "Foreign Military Review", No. 6, 1997. Tactical operational reconnaissance aircraft of the US armed forces.

Claims (4)

1. A complex of on-board digital communications equipment, consisting of two MV / UHF transceivers, a DKMV transceiver, characterized in that an additional decimeter-range transceiver module, a centimeter-range transceiver module, an information protection module, and a control and routing module are introduced, the first and the second MV / UHF transceiver and the DKMV transceiver with an antenna matching unit, made in the form of a three-channel wide-range module ligature, and routing control module is connected by two-way communication to the onboard equipment control and control bus lines and data lines to the respective inputs of the aforementioned modules and its analog low-frequency outputs are connected to two-way communication with on-board equipment and the respective inputs of the above transceivers. 2. The complex of on-board digital communications equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the three-channel wide-range communication module comprises a digital signal processing unit including a control device, a digital DKMV exciter for generating a radio frequency signal of a carrier frequency, and two digital exciters for MV / UHF range for generating a radio signal intermediate frequency, while the high-frequency output of the digital exciter DKMV range connected to the input of the power amplifier DKMV, the output of which is connected to the antennas with an o-matching device, the output of which is connected to the corresponding antenna, the outputs of the digital receiving exciters of the MV / DMV ranges are connected by two-way communication with the inputs of the frequency converters, the outputs of which are connected with the corresponding power amplifiers, the outputs of which are connected by two-way communications with the corresponding antennas, the inputs / outputs of the control device are connected corresponding two-way communications with the control and routing module, each of the digital exciters, each of the power amplifiers, as each of the converters and an antenna matching device, the output of which, in turn, is connected by two-way communication with the DKMV transceiver antenna. 3. The on-board digital communications system of claim 1, wherein the DMV transceiver module comprises a signal processing and control unit, an DMV transceiver, a DMV power amplifier, a low-noise DMV amplifier, a satellite radio navigation receiver and antenna switch, while the processing unit signals and control is connected by a two-way control and data bus to the control and routing module and to the DMV receiver-exciter, which carries out frequency conversion, and is connected to the input by its output preamplifier and output UHF LNA SCM outputs / inputs of which are connected to the antenna switch which is connected with a respective UHF antenna, wherein a signal processing unit connected to receiver-satellite radionavigation, whose input is connected to a respective satellite receiving antenna. 4. The complex of on-board digital communications equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the CMB transceiver module comprises a radio modem unit, an SMV transceiver, an SMV power amplifier, a low-noise SMV amplifier, while the radio modem unit is connected by a two-way data bus and a control bus to a control module and routing, with its outputs connected via a data bus and an intermediate frequency line to the CMB receiver exciter, which is connected with its outputs / inputs to the input of the CMB power amplifier and the output of a low-noise amplifier SMV, each of which is connected to a corresponding SMV antenna, while the radio modem unit is connected via a two-way control bus to the SMV pickup exciter, SMV power amplifier and low-noise SMV amplifier.