CN105738837B - A kind of calculation method of non-defective steel pipe natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity - Google Patents
A kind of calculation method of non-defective steel pipe natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of calculation methods of non-defective steel pipe natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity, belong to oil and gas pipeline inspection technology field.The calculation method include five steps, first, pipeline foundation data is collected；Second, the earth's magnetic field of pipeline local environment is measured；Third is calculated using the intensity of magnetization of the stress magnetization model to pipeline, obtains the intensity of magnetization of any position on pipeline；4th, using the calculating from magnetic flux leakage three-component to pipeline from leakage magnetic field model, obtain the three-component value of non-defective steel pipe natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity；5th, on the basis of being determined from magnetic flux leakage three-component, pipeline natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity total amount is calculated.Calculation method of the invention is simple and practical, can accurately calculate non-defective pipeline natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity total amount and three-component, so that the rational judgment for pipeline magnetic anomaly provides theory support, improve the reliability of defect recognition.
Description
Technical field
The invention patent relates to oil and gas pipeline non-destructive testing technical fields, especially a kind of to be used for steel pipe
The calculation method of the non-defective pipeline natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity of Magnetic testi.
Background technique
Currently, China's land pipelines total kilometrage is more than 120,000 with the continuous propulsion of oil and gas pipe-line construction
Kilometer.Development of the detection of pipeline location, trend and defective locations to China's pipe safety efficient operation and national economy is ensured
It is of great significance.
Common pipeline non-destructive testing method has ray detection, ultrasound detection, Magnetic testing, Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting etc..These inspections
Survey technology is all a kind of passive detection technology, needs to carry out pipeline forced signal (ray, ultrasonic wave, magnetic) processing, operation is not
It is convenient.It such as Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting technology, not only needs to magnetize pipeline, electromagnetic pollution, Er Qierong is caused to pipeline and ambient enviroment
It easily blocks in the duct, influences the normal operation of pipeline.
Steel pipe issues magnetisation in the collective effect of external force and geomagnetic field, is produced from magnetic flux leakage, so as to cause pipe
Magnetic induction intensity near road changes, and at defect of pipeline from magnetic flux leakage relative at non-defective pipeline from leakage field
Field will be distorted, and be still had after pipeline external force disappearance from magnetic flux leakage, this phenomenon is referred to as the Magnetic Memory effect of pipeline
It answers.According to Metal magnetic memory principle, occur some defect inspection methods based on pipeline magnetic anomaly in recent years.These detection sides
Method can only qualitatively judge the position of pipeline magnetic anomaly, cause the reliability identified to defect of pipeline not high.However, for magnetic anomaly
The quantitative criterion often judged then needs to carry out natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity caused by non-defective steel pipe quantitative calculating
With analysis.
Therefore, it is badly in need of a kind of calculation method of non-defective steel pipe natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity, at this stage to realize
The rational judgment of steel pipe magnetic anomaly lays the foundation, and then improves the reliability of defect of pipeline identification.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of calculation methods of non-defect of pipeline natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity, thus
The natural leak magnetic field magnetic strength of non-defective pipeline overhead surface any position under to unlike material, caliber, wall thickness, buried depth and operating pressure
Answer the value of intensity.And then distribution characteristics of the non-defective pipeline from magnetic flux leakage is effectively grasped, it is the non-defective pipeline pair of quantitative analysis
The influence of pipeline magnetic detection technique lays the foundation.The core of method is to determine non-defective pipeline magnetization by stress magnetization model
Intensity, and on the basis of known to the intensity of magnetization, by the natural leak magnetic field magnetic strength for calculating non-defective pipeline from leakage magnetic field model
Answer the value of intensity three-component and total amount.
The defect of pipeline from the calculation method of magnetic flux leakage include the following contents:
(1) collection of non-defective pipeline foundation data, the mainly surrender of material, non-defective pipeline including non-defective pipeline
Intensity, the trend of non-defective pipeline, the outer diameter of non-defective pipeline, the wall thickness of non-defective pipeline, non-defective pipeline operating pressure,
And the buried depth and length of non-defective pipeline.
(2) using Magnetic Sensor to non-defective pipeline earth's magnetic field three-component in the environment measure, obtain level
Perpendicular to the geomagnetic field component G of pipeline axial direction in facex；Along the geomagnetic field component G of pipeline axial directiony；It faces upward perpendicular to Horizon
Geomagnetic field component Gz。
(3) intensity of magnetization of pipeline is calculated, establishes rectangular coordinate system in space as shown in Fig. 1, x-axis is in horizontal plane
Interior vertical with the axis of pipeline, y-axis is parallel with the axis of pipeline in the horizontal plane, z-axis perpendicular to horizontal plane straight up, origin
At the center of pipeline.According to the investigation result of (1) non-defective pipeline basic document and (2) non-defective pipeline location earth's magnetic field three
By available non-defective place's pipeline three of the magnetized intensity of magnetization in space coordinates occur for the measurement result of component
Component Mx, MyAnd Mz.The intensity of magnetization at defect of pipeline is calculated based on ferromagnetic material stress magnetization model, it is specific to count
It is as follows to calculate formula:
In formula: Mx--- the intensity of magnetization of a certain micro unit x-axis direction, A/m on pipeline；
My--- the intensity of magnetization in a certain micro unit y-axis direction, A/m on pipeline；
Mz--- the intensity of magnetization in a certain micro unit z-axis direction, A/m on pipeline；
Ms--- the saturation magnetization of pipeline, A/m take 1.6 × 106A/m；
The operating pressure of P --- pipeline, Pa；
The outer diameter of D --- pipeline, m；
The wall thickness of δ --- pipeline, m；
σs--- the yield strength of pipeline, MPa；
--- the angle of line and x-axis between pipeline upper stress point and pipeline section center；
α, b --- amendment constant related with material properties take 1 for mild steel；
Gx--- perpendicular to the geomagnetic field component of pipeline axial direction, A/m in horizontal plane；
Gy--- along the geomagnetic field component of pipeline axial direction, A/m；
Gz--- perpendicular to the geomagnetic field component that Horizon faces upward, A/m.
(4) three component Ms of the pipeline intensity in space coordinates are being obtainedx, MyAnd MzAfterwards, to pipeline overhead surface
The natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity at any point is calculated.As shown in Fig. 1, the seat at the P of pipeline overhead surface any point
It is designated as (xp,yp,zp).Then the magnetic induction intensity component at P point from leakage magnetic field model by obtaining, shown in following formula:
In formula, Bx--- component of the pipeline natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity in x-axis direction, A/m；
By--- component of the pipeline natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity in y-axis direction, A/m；
Bz--- component of the pipeline natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity in z-axis direction, A/m；
u0--- space permeability takes 4 π × 10-7, π is pi, takes 3.14；
xp--- the coordinate in the direction x at the P of any point；
yp--- the coordinate in the direction y at the P of any point；
zp--- the coordinate in the direction z at the P of any point；
The half of the length of L --- pipeline, m；
R --- distance of any point to P point, m on pipeline；
L --- the coordinate in the direction any point y on pipeline.
According to the above summary of the invention, simultaneous formula (1)~(7) can acquire the natural leak at any point above non-defective pipeline
Magnetic field magnetic induction intensity three-component Bx, By, BzValue.
(5) after obtaining magnetic induction intensity component, the magnetic induction intensity total amount B from magnetic flux leakage can be obtained, calculate public
Formula is as follows.
Detailed description of the invention
The non-defective pipeline of attached drawing 1 is from leakage magnetic field model schematic diagram.
The non-defective pipeline of attached drawing 2 is from magnetic flux leakage three-component along the distribution map of x-axis.
The non-defective pipeline of attached drawing 3 is from magnetic flux leakage three-component along the distribution map of y-axis.
Distribution map of the 4 natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity total amount of attached drawing along x-axis.
Distribution map of the 5 natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity total amount of attached drawing along y-axis.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing and calculated examples so that advantages of the present invention and
Feature can be easier to be understood by the person skilled in the art, to make apparent specific boundary to protection scope of the present invention
It is fixed.
A kind of non-defective pipeline from the calculation method of magnetic flux leakage the following steps are included:
Step 1, pipeline foundation data collection, main includes material, caliber, wall thickness, operating pressure, the pipeline of pipeline
The saturation magnetization of buried depth, the length of pipeline and pipeline.Under the conditions of known to the tubing specification, following table is inquired, determines pipe
The yield strength of material.
The yield strength value of 1 primary line steel of table
Step 2, the measurement in earth's magnetic field measure the earth's magnetic field three-component in pipeline environment using Magnetic Sensor, obtain
Perpendicular to the geomagnetic field component G of pipeline axial direction in horizontal planex；Along the geomagnetic field component G of pipeline axial directiony；Perpendicular to Horizon
Geomagnetic field component G upwardlyz。
Step 3, according to the collection result of step 1 pipeline foundation data: outer diameter tube D, pipeline wall thickness δ, conduit running
Pressure P, pipeline yield strength σs, the saturation magnetization M of pipelines；The measurement result in step 2 earth's magnetic field: pipeline is axial
Geomagnetic field component Gx；Along the geomagnetic field component G of pipeline axial directiony；The geomagnetic field component G to face upward perpendicular to Horizonz, and
The yield strength σ of pipelines, it brings stress magnetization model into, the intensity of magnetization at non-defect of pipeline is calculated, available pipe
The intensity of magnetization of any position, M on roadx, MyAnd Mz.Specific formula for calculation is as follows:
Step 4 is obtaining pipeline x, and after the intensity of magnetization component in tri- direction y, z, the length according to pipeline is 2L, earthing
Height is h1Coordinate at pipeline overhead surface any point P is (xp,yp,zp) its height from the ground is h2.By from leakage field
The value of three components of magnetic induction intensity at the available P point of field model, Bx, By, Bz, it is specific to calculate such as formula (4)~(7):
Step 5 is obtaining magnetic induction intensity component Bx, By, BzAfterwards, the magnetic induction intensity total amount from magnetic flux leakage can be obtained
B, specific formula for calculation are as follows.
Therefore, the calculating to non-defective pipeline natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity can be realized according to above five steps.
Below by taking the detailed calculating process of an example as an example, embodiment is described in detail
The first step, the basic document of gathering line, including material, caliber, wall thickness, height to earth up, operating pressure and saturation
The intensity of magnetization.A pipeline section for choosing pipeline is calculated, and pipe parameter is as shown in table 2.
2 pipe parameter of table
Second step measures the earth's magnetic field three-component in pipeline environment using Magnetic Sensor, obtains hanging down in horizontal plane
Directly in the geomagnetic field component G of pipeline axial directionx=12A/m；Along the geomagnetic field component G of pipeline axial directiony=20A/m；Perpendicular to ground
The upward geomagnetic field component G of planez=31A/m.
Third step obtains the geomagnetic field measuring of pipe parameter and step 2 that the basic data of step 1 pipeline is collected
To earth's magnetic field three-component bring into formula (1), (2) and (3) obtain following result
4th step, on the basis of stress solves, by model parameter；Step 1: two and three the data obtaineds substitute into formula
(4), (5), (6) and (7).And solved using computer, it obtains working as zpWhen=2m, from magnetic flux leakage three-component along point of x-axis
Cloth is as shown in Fig. 2, as shown in Fig. 3 along the distribution of y-axis from magnetic flux leakage three-component.
5th step is obtaining magnetic induction intensity component Bx, By, BzAfterwards, formula (8) are brought into, the magnetic strength from magnetic flux leakage can be obtained
Intensity total amount B is answered, obtains working as zpWhen=2m, natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity total amount is as shown in Fig. 4 along the distribution of x-axis, natural leak
It is as shown in Fig. 5 that the distribution along y-axis is always measured by force in magnetic field magnetic induction.
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art
Scholar cans understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all according to the present invention
Equivalent change or modification made by Spirit Essence, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of calculation method of non-defective steel pipe natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity, which is characterized in that the non-defective steel
The calculation method of pipeline natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity mainly comprises the steps that step 1, pipeline foundation data collection, mainly
The yield strength of material, caliber, wall thickness, operating pressure, the buried depth of pipeline, the length of pipeline and tubing including pipeline and
Saturation magnetization；Step 2, the measurement in earth's magnetic field, using Magnetic Sensor to the earth's magnetic field three-component in pipeline local environment into
Row measurement obtains the geomagnetic field component perpendicular to pipeline axial direction in horizontal plane, the geomagnetic field component along pipeline axial direction and hangs down
The geomagnetic field component directly to face upward in Horizon；Step 3, the calculating of the non-defective pipeline intensity of magnetization, according to step 1 and step 2
As a result, by outer diameter tube, pipeline wall thickness, conduit running pressure, pipeline yield strength, the saturation magnetization of pipeline, level
It faces upward in face perpendicular to the geomagnetic field component of pipeline axial direction, along the geomagnetic field component of pipeline axial direction and perpendicular to Horizon
Geomagnetic field component substitutes into formula (1)~(3), calculates the non-defective pipeline intensity of magnetization, obtains any position on pipeline
The intensity of magnetization；Step 4, the three-component calculating of non-defective pipeline natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity, in the intensity of magnetization for obtaining pipeline
Afterwards, by the length of pipeline, the buried depth of pipeline, and calculate the coordinate at point place and substitute into formula (4)~(7), to calculate at point certainly
Magnetic flux leakage magnetic induction intensity three-component is calculated；Step 5 is divided obtaining non-defective pipeline natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity three
After amount, calculate from the magnetic induction intensity total amount of magnetic flux leakage；Formula (1)~(7) are as follows:
In formula, Mx--- the intensity of magnetization of a certain micro unit x-axis direction, A/m on pipeline；
My--- the intensity of magnetization in a certain micro unit y-axis direction, A/m on pipeline；
Mz--- the intensity of magnetization in a certain micro unit z-axis direction, A/m on pipeline；
Ms--- the saturation magnetization of pipeline, A/m take 1.6 × 106A/m；
The operating pressure of P --- pipeline, Pa；
The outer diameter of D --- pipeline, m；
The wall thickness of δ --- pipeline, m；
σs--- the yield strength of pipeline, MPa；
--- the angle of line and x-axis between pipeline upper stress point and pipeline section center；
α, b --- amendment constant related with material properties take 1 for mild steel；
Gx--- perpendicular to the geomagnetic field component of pipeline axial direction, A/m in horizontal plane；
Gy--- along the geomagnetic field component of pipeline axial direction, A/m；
Gz--- perpendicular to the geomagnetic field component that Horizon faces upward, A/m；
Bx--- component of the pipeline natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity in x-axis direction, A/m；
By--- component of the pipeline natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity in y-axis direction, A/m；
Bz--- component of the pipeline natural leak magnetic field magnetic induction intensity in z-axis direction, A/m；
u0--- space permeability takes 4 π × 10-7, π is pi, takes 3.14；
xp--- the coordinate in the direction x at the P of any point；
yp--- the coordinate in the direction y at the P of any point；
zp--- the coordinate in the direction z at the P of any point；
The half of the length of L --- pipeline, m；
R --- distance of any point to P point on pipeline；
L --- the coordinate in the direction any point y on pipeline.
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| CN106680362A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2017-05-17 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Virtual experiment platform for performing magnetic chromatographic detection on buried ferromagnetic metal pipeline and using method of virtual experiment platform |
| CN107704662B (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2020-12-22 | 西南石油大学 | Method for calculating magnetic induction intensity of self-leakage magnetic field at pipeline welding seam |
| CN107490618B (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2020-12-22 | 西南石油大学 | Method for calculating magnetic induction intensity of self-leakage magnetic field of steel pipeline containing defects |
| CN108562639B (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2022-02-25 | 西南石油大学 | Method for detecting defects of buried steel pipeline in whole life cycle |
| CN107941900B (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2021-06-29 | 西南石油大学 | Non-contact detection method for defects of steel bent pipe |
| CN112504112B (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-04-05 | 西南石油大学 | Safety pipe ring and method for monitoring pipeline strain in mountainous area |
| CN112924080A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-08 | 西南石油大学 | Pipeline stress monitoring system and method |
| CN113063845B (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2022-04-19 | 西南石油大学 | Buried pipeline buried depth rapid detection method based on self-leakage magnetic field and artificial neural network |
| CN116702564B (en) * | 2023-07-14 | 2023-09-29 | 西南石油大学 | Self-leakage magnetic field calculation method considering pipeline characteristics |
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