CN107704662B - Method for calculating magnetic induction intensity of self-leakage magnetic field at pipeline welding seam - Google Patents
Method for calculating magnetic induction intensity of self-leakage magnetic field at pipeline welding seam Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for calculating the magnetic induction intensity of a self-leakage magnetic field at a pipeline welding seam, and belongs to the technical field of buried pipeline detection. The calculation method comprises six steps, namely, collecting basic data of the pipeline and the welding line; secondly, partitioning the pipeline at the welding seam; thirdly, calculating a self-leakage magnetic field of the pipeline body; fourthly, calculating a self-leakage magnetic field of a transition region of the pipeline body; and fifthly, calculating the self-leakage magnetic field of the welding seam. And sixthly, calculating a self-leakage magnetic field at the welding seam of the pipeline. The calculation method is simple to operate and high in practicability, and can accurately calculate the total magnetic induction intensity and the three components of the self-leakage magnetic field of the pipeline at the welding seam, so that theoretical support is provided for identifying and positioning the pipeline welding seam, and the accuracy and the reliability of positioning the welding seam of the buried pipeline are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground pipeline detection, in particular to a welding seam self-leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity calculation method for positioning a welding seam of a buried pipeline.
Background
The accelerated development of the natural gas industry is one of the core tasks of energy structure adjustment in China. With the increasing proportion of natural gas in energy structures year by year, buried pipelines are rapidly developed as the main transportation mode of natural gas. However, the rapid development of buried pipelines increases the safety risk of construction, and the welding seam is the weakest link of the pipeline, which brings more serious threat to the construction. Therefore, the method has important significance for guaranteeing construction safety by effectively identifying and positioning the pipeline welding seam.
At present, the underground pipeline detection technology is applied at home and abroad for many years, and various geophysical prospecting methods such as an electrical method, a magnetic method, an electromagnetic method, a ground penetrating radar method, an artificial earthquake method, an infrared method and the like are developed and researched, but no detection method specially aiming at the pipeline welding seam exists. Pipeline detection techniques based on magnetic methods cannot effectively identify pipeline welds.
The actual oil and gas pipelines are all formed by welding a plurality of pipelines (generally 12m in length), and the pipelines are almost completely connected by virtue of a welding process in the field construction of oil and gas storage and transportation engineering. The welding work occupies most of the construction workload, and is the most critical and complex work in construction. The welding seam affects the safe operation of the whole pipeline and is an important factor for the occurrence of pipeline accidents. Therefore, it is necessary to separately study the calculation method of the pipe self-leakage magnetic field at the welding seam, so as to determine the characteristics and the change rule of the pipe self-leakage magnetic field at the welding seam, and finally identify the pipe welding seam.
Therefore, a method for calculating the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the steel pipeline is urgently needed at the present stage, a foundation is laid for realizing the identification and the positioning of the steel pipeline welding line, and the safety risk of construction is further reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for calculating the magnetic induction intensity of a self-leakage magnetic field at a pipeline welding seam, so that the magnetic induction intensity values of the self-leakage magnetic field at the pipeline welding seam under different materials, pipe diameters, wall thicknesses, burial depths and operating pressures can be obtained. And further, the distribution characteristics of the self-leakage magnetic field of the pipeline welding seam are effectively mastered, and a foundation is laid for quantitatively and accurately identifying and positioning the pipeline welding seam. The calculation method is established based on the geometric shapes of the welding seam and the pipeline, the core lies in that self-leakage magnetic field expressions of a pipeline body area, a body transition area and a welding seam area are obtained through respectively deducing, and values of three components and total quantity of the self-leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity at the welding seam are obtained through vector superposition, and the flow of the method is shown in attached figure 1.
The method for calculating the self-leakage magnetic field at the welding seam of the pipeline comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting basic data of the pipeline body and the welding seam. The information of the pipeline body mainly comprises the material of the pipeline, the yield strength of the pipeline, the trend of the pipeline, the outer diameter of the pipeline, the wall thickness of the pipeline, the operating pressure of the pipeline, the burial depth of the pipeline, the length of the pipeline and the constraint form of the pipeline; and the material quality of the welding material, the welding method of the welding seam, the defect condition of the welding seam and the like.
(2) And partitioning the pipeline containing the welding line, and dividing the welding line and the pipeline into 3 regions for calculation respectively. The I area is a pipeline body area, the II area is a pipeline body transition area, and the III area is a welding seam area, as shown in the attached figure 2. A coordinate system as shown in fig. 3 is established.
(3) And calculating the self-leakage magnetic field (i.e. region I) of the pipeline body region. Based on a magnetic dipole theory and a calculus idea, calculating the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the pipeline body near the welding seam through an established self-leakage magnetic field model of the pipeline body near the welding seam (the simplified welding seam and the geometric structure of the pipeline are shown in the attached figure 2), and obtaining three components of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the pipeline body area at the welding seam. The specific model expressions are shown in formulas (1) to (3).
In the formula: mⅠxThe magnetization intensity of a certain infinitesimal body in the x-axis direction on the pipeline body area is A/m;
MⅠythe magnetization intensity of a certain infinitesimal body in the y-axis direction on the pipeline body area is A/m;
MⅠzmagnetization of a infinitesimal body in the direction of the z-axis in the region of the body of the pipeStrength, A/m;
BⅠxthe component of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the pipeline body area in the x-axis direction is A/m;
BⅠythe component of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the pipeline body area in the y-axis direction is A/m;
BⅠzthe component of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the pipeline body area in the z-axis direction is A/m;
μ0vacuum magnetic permeability, typically taken to be 4 π × 10-7；
P(xp，yp，zp) -a three-dimensional coordinate, m, at any point P;
l-coordinate of the infinitesimal body in the y direction, m;
r1-the distance, m, from any point on the pipe body to point P;
gamma-weld bevel angle, °;
d-the outside diameter of the pipe, m;
-the wall thickness of the pipe, m;
l is half the length of the pipeline, m;
σs-yield strength of the pipe, MPa;
(4) And calculating the self-leakage magnetic field of the transition region (namely the region II) of the pipeline body. According to the geometric shape of the transition region of the body, a self-leakage magnetic field model of the transition region of the pipeline body is established based on a magnetic dipole theory and a calculus idea. The magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the pipeline body transition region can be calculated through the model, and three components of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the pipeline body transition region at the welding seam are obtained. The specific calculation expressions are shown in formulas (4) to (6).
In the formula:
MⅡxthe magnetization intensity of a certain infinitesimal body in the x-axis direction, A/m, on the transition area of the pipeline body;
MⅡythe magnetization intensity of a certain infinitesimal body in the y-axis direction on the transition area of the pipeline body is A/m;
MⅡzthe magnetization intensity in the z-axis direction of a certain infinitesimal body on the transition area of the pipeline body is A/m;
BⅡxthe magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the transition region of the pipeline body is in the component A/m of the x-axis direction;
BⅡythe component of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the transition region of the pipeline body in the y-axis direction is A/m;
BⅡzthe component of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the transition region of the pipeline body in the z-axis direction is A/m;
r2-the distance, m, from any point on the transition zone of the pipe body to point P.
(5) The self-leakage magnetic field of the welding seam area (namely the area III) is calculated. The surface shape of the welding seam is approximate to circular arc, and the cross section of the whole welding seam is simplified into a fan shape, as shown in fig. 2. By means of infinitesimal and integral method, the effect of the cross section of the pipeline is simplified to the central point of the sector, integral is carried out along the circumferential direction of the pipeline, and a self-leakage magnetic field model of the welding seam area is established. The self-leakage magnetic field generated by the welding seam area can be calculated through the model, and the expression of the magnetic induction intensity three-component of the self-leakage magnetic field of the welding seam area is obtained. The specific calculation expressions are shown in formulas (7) to (10).
In the formula:
MⅢxthe magnetization intensity of a certain infinitesimal body in the x-axis direction in the welding seam area is A/m;
MⅢythe magnetization intensity of a certain infinitesimal body in the y-axis direction in the welding seam area is A/m;
MⅢzthe magnetization intensity of a certain infinitesimal body in the z-axis direction in the welding seam area is A/m;
BⅢxthe component of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the welding seam area in the x-axis direction, A/m;
BⅢythe component of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the welding seam area in the y-axis direction, A/m;
BⅢzthe component of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the welding seam area in the z-axis direction, A/m;
S3the cross-sectional area of the weld zone, m2；
r3-the distance, m, from any point on the weld zone to point P;
e-weld height, m.
(6) And calculating the self-leakage magnetic field at the welding seam of the pipeline. And (4) performing vector superposition on the results obtained in the steps (3), (4) and (5) to obtain an expression of three components of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field at the welding seam of the pipeline, wherein the specific calculation expression is shown in formulas (11) to (13).
Bwx＝BⅠx+BⅡx+BⅢx (11)
Bwy＝BⅠy+BⅡy+BⅢy (12)
Bwz＝BⅠz+BⅡz+BⅢz (13)
Bw＝Bwx+Bwy+Bwz (14)
In the formula:
Bwxthe component of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field at the welding seam of the pipeline in the x-axis direction is A/m;
Bwythe component of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field at the welding seam of the pipeline in the y-axis direction is A/m;
Bwzthe component of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field at the welding seam of the pipeline in the z-axis direction is A/m;
Bwthe magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field at the welding seam of the pipeline is full, A/m.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a computing method implementation.
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a welded pipe.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of modeling.
FIG. 4 is a graph of the magnetic induction density of a self-leakage magnetic field along the y-axis.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples of calculation so that the advantages and features of the present invention will be more readily understood by those skilled in the art, and the scope of the present invention will be clearly and clearly defined.
A method for calculating the magnetic induction intensity of a self-leakage magnetic field at a pipeline welding seam comprises the following steps:
step one, collecting basic data of pipelines and welding seams. The method mainly comprises the following steps of material of the pipeline, a magnetization characteristic equation of the pipeline, the trend of the pipeline, the outer diameter D of the pipeline, the wall thickness of the pipeline, the operating pressure p of the pipeline, the buried depth h of the pipeline, the length 2L of the pipeline, the constraint form of the pipeline, the material of a welding material, a welding method of a welding seam, the defect condition of the welding seam and the like.
And step two, partitioning the pipeline at the welding seam. According to the actual condition of the existing pipeline, the pipeline containing the welding seam is partitioned, and the welding seam and the pipeline are divided into 3 areas to be respectively calculated. The I area is a pipeline body area, the II area is a pipeline body transition area, and the III area is a welding seam area, as shown in the attached figure 2.
And step three, calculating the self-leakage magnetic field of the pipeline body area (namely the I area). And (3) substituting parameters such as a magnetization characteristic equation of the pipeline body, the trend of the pipeline, the outer diameter D of the pipeline, the wall thickness of the pipeline, the operating pressure p of the pipeline, the buried depth h of the pipeline, the length 2L of the pipeline and the like into a self-leakage magnetic field model of the pipeline body based on the results of the first step and the second step to obtain three components of the self-leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity of the pipeline body at the welding seam, wherein specific model expressions are shown in (1) to (3).
And step four, calculating the self-leakage magnetic field of the transition region (namely the region II) of the pipeline body. And (3) bringing parameters such as a magnetic property equation, geometric shape parameters, the outer diameter D of the pipeline, the wall thickness of the pipeline, the operating pressure p of the pipeline, the burial depth h of the pipeline, the length 2L of the pipeline and the like into a self-leakage magnetic field model of the transition area of the pipeline body, so that the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the transition area of the pipeline body can be calculated to obtain three components of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the transition area of the pipeline body at the welding seam. The specific calculation expressions are shown in formulas (4) to (6).
And step five, calculating the self-leakage magnetic field of the welding seam area (namely the area III). And (3) bringing parameters such as a magnetic property equation, a surplus height, a bevel angle of the welding seam, the outer diameter D of the pipeline, the running pressure p of the pipeline, the buried depth h of the pipeline, the length 2L of the pipeline and the like into a calculation model of the self-leakage magnetic field of the welding seam area, so that the self-leakage magnetic field generated by the welding seam area can be calculated to obtain an expression of three components of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the welding seam area. The specific calculation expressions are shown in formulas (7) to (10).
And step six, calculating a self-leakage magnetic field at the welding seam of the pipeline. And (4) vector superposition is carried out on the results obtained in the third step, the fourth step and the fifth step, so that an expression of three components of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field at the welding seam of the pipeline can be obtained, and the specific calculation expression is shown in formulas (11) to (13).
Bwx＝BⅠx+BⅡx+BⅢx (11)
Bwy＝BⅠy+BⅡy+BⅢy (12)
Bwz＝BⅠz+BⅡz+BⅢz (13)
Bw＝Bwx+Bwy+Bwz (14)
Claims (1)
1. A method for calculating the magnetic induction intensity of a self-leakage magnetic field at a pipeline welding seam is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps of:
collecting basic data of a pipeline and a welding seam, wherein the basic data comprises the material of the pipeline, a magnetization characteristic equation of the pipeline, the trend of the pipeline, the outer diameter D of the pipeline, the wall thickness of the pipeline, the operating pressure p of the pipeline, the burial depth h of the pipeline, the length 2L of the pipeline, the constraint form of the pipeline, the material of a welding material, the welding method of the welding seam and the defect condition of the welding seam;
partitioning the pipeline at the welding seam, partitioning the pipeline containing the welding seam according to the actual condition of the existing pipeline, wherein the welding seam and the pipeline are divided into 3 regions to be respectively calculated, the region I is a pipeline body region, the region II is a pipeline body transition region, and the region III is a welding seam region;
and step three, calculating the self-leakage magnetic field of the pipeline body area, substituting parameters of a magnetization characteristic equation of the pipeline, the trend of the pipeline, the outer diameter D of the pipeline, the wall thickness of the pipeline, the operating pressure p of the pipeline, the burial depth h of the pipeline and the length 2L of the pipeline into a self-leakage magnetic field model of the pipeline body area based on the results of the step one and the step two to obtain three components of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the pipeline body area, wherein the three components are shown in the formula (1) to the formula (3):
in the formula: mⅠxThe magnetization intensity of the infinitesimal body on the pipeline body area in the x-axis direction is A/m;
MⅠythe magnetization intensity of the infinitesimal body on the pipeline body area in the y-axis direction is A/m;
MⅠzthe magnetization intensity of the infinitesimal body on the pipeline body area in the z-axis direction is A/m;
BⅠxthe component of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the pipeline body area in the x-axis direction is A/m;
BⅠythe component of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the pipeline body area in the y-axis direction is A/m;
BⅠzthe component of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the pipeline body area in the z-axis direction is A/m;
μ0vacuum magnetic permeability, taking 4 π × 10-7；
P(xp，yp，zp) -a three-dimensional coordinate, m, at any point P;
l is the coordinate of the micro element body in the y-axis direction, m;
r1-the distance, m, from any point on the pipe body to point P;
gamma-weld bevel angle, °;
d-the outside diameter of the pipe, m;
-the wall thickness of the pipe, m;
l is half the length of the pipeline, m;
σs-yield strength of the pipe, MPa;
step four, calculating a self-leakage magnetic field of the pipeline body transition area, bringing a magnetic characteristic equation, geometric shape parameters, the outer diameter D of the pipeline, the wall thickness of the pipeline, the running pressure p of the pipeline, the burial depth h of the pipeline and the length 2L parameters of the pipeline into a self-leakage magnetic field model of the pipeline body transition area, calculating the self-leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity of the pipeline body transition area to obtain three components of the self-leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity of the pipeline body transition area at the welding seam, wherein the three components are shown in formula (4) -formula (6):
in the formula:
MⅡxthe magnetization intensity of the infinitesimal body in the x-axis direction on the transition area of the pipeline body is A/m;
MⅡythe magnetization intensity of the infinitesimal body in the y-axis direction on the transition area of the pipeline body is A/m;
MⅡzthe magnetization intensity of the infinitesimal body in the z-axis direction on the transition area of the pipeline body is A/m;
BⅡxthe magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the transition region of the pipeline body is in the component A/m of the x-axis direction;
BⅡythe component of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the transition region of the pipeline body in the y-axis direction is A/m;
BⅡzthe component of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the transition region of the pipeline body in the z-axis direction is A/m;
r2the distance m from any point on the transition region of the pipeline body to the point P;
step five, calculating the self-leakage magnetic field of the welding seam area, bringing the magnetic characteristic equation, the residual height, the bevel angle of the welding seam, the outer diameter D of the pipeline, the running pressure p of the pipeline, the buried depth h of the pipeline and the length 2L parameter of the pipeline into a calculation model of the self-leakage magnetic field of the welding seam area, calculating the self-leakage magnetic field generated by the welding seam area, and obtaining an expression of three components of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the welding seam area, wherein the expression is shown in formula (7) -formula (10):
in the formula:
MⅢxthe magnetization intensity of the infinitesimal body in the x-axis direction on the welding seam area is A/m;
MⅢythe magnetization intensity of the infinitesimal body in the direction of the y axis on the welding seam area is A/m;
MⅢzthe magnetization intensity of the infinitesimal body in the direction of the z axis on the welding seam area is A/m;
BⅢxthe component of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the welding seam area in the x-axis direction, A/m;
BⅢythe component of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field of the welding seam area in the y-axis direction, A/m;
BⅢz-self-leakage magnetic field of weld zoneThe component of the magnetic induction intensity in the z-axis direction, A/m;
S3the cross-sectional area of the weld zone, m2；
r3-the distance, m, from any point on the weld zone to point P;
e-weld height, m;
step six, calculating the self-leakage magnetic field at the pipeline welding seam, and performing vector superposition on the results obtained in the step three, the step four and the step five to obtain an expression of three components of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field at the pipeline welding seam, wherein the expression is shown as a formula (11) -a formula (13):
Bwx＝BⅠx+BⅡx+BⅢx (11)
Bwy＝BⅠy+BⅡy+BⅢy (12)
Bwz＝BⅠz+BⅡz+BⅢz (13)
Bw＝Bwx+Bwy+Bwz (14)
in the formula:
Bwxthe component of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field at the welding seam of the pipeline in the x-axis direction is A/m;
Bwythe component of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field at the welding seam of the pipeline in the y-axis direction is A/m;
Bwzthe component of the magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field at the welding seam of the pipeline in the z-axis direction is A/m;
Bwthe magnetic induction intensity of the self-leakage magnetic field at the welding seam of the pipeline is full, A/m.
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