CN105738161A - Automatic sampling static chamber for water surface greenhouse gas - Google Patents

Abstract

A static box for automatic sampling of greenhouse gases on the water surface, which consists of four parts: a static box, an automatic sampling device, a power supply system and a control system, wherein a floating body is fixed outside the static box, a fan is installed inside the box, and a hole is opened on the top and connected to a needle-like sampler. Gas port; the main part of the automatic sampling device is a disc-shaped structure, which can rotate freely. A vacuum gas sampling bag can be placed around the disc. The center of the bag mouth is aligned with the horizontal needle-shaped gas sample outlet and can reciprocate in the horizontal sliding groove; power supply The system consists of a solar panel and a battery. The solar panel is fixed outside the static box, and two batteries are fixed inside the static box. The control system controls the automatic sampling device and stores environmental information. The temperature probe and barometric pressure recorder are connected to the control system. The invention can be used for automatic, continuous and long-term collection of greenhouse gases on open water surfaces, can collect environmental information synchronously, and can meet the requirements of collecting greenhouse gases on different water body surfaces.

Description

A water surface greenhouse gas automatic sampling static box

technical field

The invention relates to a water surface gas sampling device, in particular to a water surface greenhouse gas automatic sampling static box.

Background technique

Greenhouse gases such as CO ₂ , CH ₄ , and N ₂ O emitted from rivers, lakes, reservoirs and other water bodies into the atmosphere are important factors in global warming, and their accurate and long-term monitoring is crucial for the study of greenhouse gases and climate warming. important. At present, the main method of monitoring greenhouse gas emissions on the water surface is to use floating static tanks to sample and detect the gas content, and then calculate the greenhouse gas emission flux. However, the existing floating static box device has the following disadvantages: manual collection of gas samples is required, which is not only time-consuming and laborious, but also difficult to carry out long-term monitoring in the field, and it is difficult to obtain a large sample size; manual sampling will affect the accuracy of samples, such as human breathing The generated _CO2 will pollute the sample components, and the disturbance of the gas flow by human factors will affect the gas emission flux; it is difficult to obtain accurate environmental information synchronously during sampling, which is not conducive to the accurate calculation of the gas flux. Currently retrieved patents on water surface floating static tanks, such as a carbon flux monitoring technology for grass-shaped lakes, application publication number CN102156107A; a static tank for gas collection on the surface of open water and its banks, authorized announcement number CN203069418U; water-air interface gas flux static box, authorized announcement number CN202057528U; portable static box for determining the greenhouse gas emission flux of water body, authorized announcement number CN202267677U; automatic lifting water surface gas sampling floating box, authorized announcement number CN202974729U, none A technical solution that can continuously and automatically sample and record environmental information simultaneously requires a new technical solution to solve these problems.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a water surface greenhouse gas automatic sampling static box, which can be used to automatically collect and store greenhouse gas samples in the field for a long time, and at the same time collect and store environmental information during sampling.

The technical solution provided by the invention is as follows: a static box for automatic sampling of greenhouse gases on water surface, comprising a floatable box body, an automatic sampling device, a control system and a power supply system.

Adding floating bodies on both sides of the above-mentioned box body can make the above-mentioned static box for automatic sampling of greenhouse gases on the water surface float on the water surface, with a fan and a control system installed inside, a horizontal needle-like gas sample outlet on the top, and a fixed device connected to the bottom. The power supply system provides the required electric energy for the automatic sampling device, the control system and the fan, and the control system can control the automatic sampling device and the fan, and store environmental information.

The above-mentioned automatic sampling device includes an automatic sampling tray, motor one, motor two, sample bag fixing device, vacuum gas sampling bag and sampling tray top cover; the automatic sampling tray is installed on the top of the box body; the automatic sampling tray is disc-shaped structure, and can rotate freely under the drive of motor two, and the sample bag fixing device is installed on the circumference; the sample bag fixing device can reciprocate in the horizontal sliding groove under the drive of motor one, threaded rotor, spring and magnet; After the vacuum gas sampling bag is fixed inside the sample bag fixing device by a nut, the center of the bag opening is on a horizontal line with the horizontal needle-shaped gas sample outlet.

The above-mentioned control system can control the operation of the first motor and the second motor and record the data monitored by the gas temperature probe, the water body temperature probe (82) and the air pressure recorder, and can display the data on the digital display screen in real time.

The above-mentioned power supply system includes a solar panel, a charging controller and a battery. The solar panel is installed outside the box, the charging controller is installed on the backlight side of the solar panel, and the battery is installed inside the box.

Compared with the existing technical solutions, the present invention has the following significant advantages: after the installation is completed, the greenhouse gas discharged from the surface of the water body can be automatically collected without human supervision, reducing labor costs; the sampling time interval can be flexibly controlled, and long-term and continuous sampling can be carried out in the field; While sampling, the environmental information of the sampling points can be recorded synchronously, providing data support for the accurate calculation of greenhouse gas emission flux; without human interference, the reliability of the samples is higher.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view along line A-A in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the automatic sampling structure in the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a vacuum gas extraction bag fixing device in the present invention.

Explanation of symbols in the accompanying drawings: 1-automatic sampling tray, 11-sample bag fixing device, 12-vacuum gas sampling bag, 13-sliding groove, 14-spring, 15-nut, 2-solar panel, 21-charge controller, 3-Floating body, 41-Motor 1, 42-Motor 2, 411-Threaded rotor, 412-Motor 1 fixing device, 413-Magnet, 5-Battery, 6-Box body, 61-Sampling tray top cover, 62 -gas sample outlet, 63-main switch, 64-digital display, 7-fan, 8-control system, 81-air temperature probe, 82-water body temperature probe, 83-barometric pressure recorder, 9-box fixing device.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the floating body 3 can be installed on both sides of the box body 6 to make the static box body float on the water surface; the inside of the box body is equipped with a fan 7 to speed up the gas circulation inside the box body; System 8 is installed on the inner side of box body 6, and can control the operation of motor one 41, motor two 42 and fan 7 and record the data monitored by air temperature probe 81, water body temperature probe 82 and air pressure recorder 83, and the data can be displayed in real time on On the digital display 64; there is a horizontal needle-shaped gas sample outlet 62 on the top of the inner side of the box body 6; the bottom of the box body 6 is connected to the fixing device 9 to prevent the movement of the box body 6 caused by wind, water flow, etc.; automatic sampling plate 1, motor one 41, motor Two 42, the sample bag fixing device 11, the vacuum gas sampling bag 12 and the sampling tray top cover 61 constitute an automatic sampling device; Driven to rotate, 30 sample bag fixing devices 11 are installed on the circumference; the sample bag fixing device 11 can reciprocate in the horizontal sliding groove 13 under the drive of motor one 41, threaded rotor 411, spring 14 and magnet 413; The vacuum gas sampling bag 12 is fixed inside the sample bag fixing device 11 by a nut 5, and after the vacuum gas sampling bag 12 is placed, the center of the bag mouth and the needle-shaped gas sample outlet 62 are on a horizontal line; the power supply system includes a solar panel 2, a charging Controller 21 and accumulator 5, solar panel 2 is installed on the outside of casing 6, charge controller 21 is installed on the backlight side of solar panel 2, accumulator 5 is installed on the inside of casing 6, power supply system can be automatic sampling device, control system 8 and The fan 7 provides the required electric energy.

The invention can be used for the automatic collection of greenhouse gases on the surface of water bodies. After the installation is completed, its working process is as follows:

(1) Sink the fixing device 9 into the bottom fixing box 6, put 30 vacuum gas extraction bags 12 into the sample bag fixing device 11, and fix them with nuts 5.

(2) set motor two 42 running plans by control system 8, thereby control the start rotation moment of automatic sampling dish 1, rotation speed and stop rotation moment; time, thereby controlling the movement of the sample bag fixing device 11; at the same time, the running time of the fan 7 is set to be the time period in the middle of the two sampling intervals.

(3) The second motor 42 stops rotating when the center of the pocket opening of the vacuum gas sampling bag 12 is on a horizontal line with the needle-like gas sample outlet 62, and at this moment, the first motor 41 starts to rotate, and pushes the sample bag fixing device 11 to the gas through the threaded rotor 411. The sample outlet 62 moves until the horizontal needle-shaped gas sample outlet 62 passes through the rubber hole at the central position of the vacuum gas sampling bag 12 pockets. At this moment, the motor one 41 stops rotating, and the vacuum gas sampling bag 12 begins to collect gas. After the gas sampling is completed, the motor - 41 reversely rotates, relying on the active force of the spring 14 and the magnet 413 on the sample bag fixing device 11 to make the vacuum gas sampling bag 12 break away from the gas sample outlet 62, and complete the automatic collection of a sample.

(4) When the sampling process described in step (2) starts, the control system 8 records the air temperature, water temperature and air pressure data monitored by the air temperature probe 81, the water body temperature probe 82 and the air pressure recorder 83.

(5) Repeat steps (3) and (4) until the sampling plan is completed.

(6) After the sampling plan is completed, take away the sample bags in each sample bag fixing device 11 and the environmental data in the control system 8, reset the sampling plan and place the vacuum gas collection bag 12 to proceed to the next round of sampling.

After the concentration of the greenhouse gas sample collected by the present invention is measured by a greenhouse gas concentration measuring instrument, etc., according to the "floating flux box method and diffusion model method" published in "Climate and Environmental Research" by Gao Jie et al. in May 2014, the CH ₄ and N ₂ O Emission Flux," the article, the following formula can be used to calculate the greenhouse gas flux emitted from the water surface:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&rho;</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; V</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; C</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&lsqb;</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&rsqb;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; o</span>}}$

In the formula: ρ is the density of greenhouse gases (unit: gL ^-1 ), V is the volume of the air chamber of the static tank (unit: m ³ ), A is the contact area between the tank and the water surface (unit: m ² ), and dC/dt is The initial concentration change rate of greenhouse gases in the static chamber (unit: μLL ^-1 min ^-1 ); T _a is the temperature in the static chamber (unit: ℃); p is the atmospheric pressure at the time of sampling (unit: kPa); T ₀ and p ₀ are the air temperature (273K) and atmospheric pressure (101.3kPa) under standard conditions, respectively; k is the dimension conversion factor.

Claims (3)

1. a water surface greenhouse gases are sampled static chamber automatically, including casing (6), automatic sampling apparatus, control system (8) and electric power system, it is characterized in that: described casing (6) both sides install buoyancy aid (3) additional, inner side is equipped with fan (7) and controls system (8), horizontal needle-like gas sample outlet (62) is arranged at top, and bottom connects fixing device (9)；Described electric power system can be automatic sampling apparatus and control electric energy needed for system (8) provides；Described control system (8) can control automatic sampling apparatus storage ring environment information.

2. a kind of water surface greenhouse gases according to claim 1 are sampled static chamber automatically, it is characterised in that: described automatic sampling apparatus includes automatic sampling plate (1), motor one (41), motor two (42), the fixing device (11) of sample sack, vacuum gas production bag (12) and sampler tray top cover (61)；Described automatic sampling plate (1) is installed on casing (6) top；Described automatic sampling plate (1) is disc shape in configuration, and can being rotated by motor two (42), circumference is provided with the fixing device (11) of sample sack；Described sample sack is fixed device (11) and can be moved back and forth in horizontal sliding tray (13) under the driving of motor one (41), screw rotor (411), spring (14) and Magnet (413)；It is internal that described vacuum gas production bag (12) is fixed on the fixing device (11) of sample sack by nut (5), and after vacuum gas production bag (12) has been placed, its bag mouth center exports (62) on a horizontal line with needle-like gas sample.

3. a kind of water surface greenhouse gases according to claim 1 are sampled static chamber automatically, it is characterized in that: described control system (8) can control the operating of motor one (41), motor two (42) and fan (7) and record the data that temperature probe (81), water temperature probe (82) and barograph (83) are monitored, and can data be shown in real time on digital display screen (64).