CN105733700A - 一种具有阻燃抑爆功能的安全柴油的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有阻燃抑爆功能的安全柴油的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105733700A CN105733700A CN201610305898.2A CN201610305898A CN105733700A CN 105733700 A CN105733700 A CN 105733700A CN 201610305898 A CN201610305898 A CN 201610305898A CN 105733700 A CN105733700 A CN 105733700A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- diesel oil
- fire
- preparation
- retardant
- safe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/103—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives stabilisation of anti-knock agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/08—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving lubricity; for reducing wear
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/12—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving the cetane number
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/18—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes use of detergents or dispersants for purposes not provided for in groups C10L10/02 - C10L10/16
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
- C10L1/1266—Inorganic compounds nitrogen containing compounds, (e.g. NH3)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1625—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/1633—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/1641—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds from compounds containing aliphatic monomers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1625—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/1633—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/165—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds from compounds containing aromatic monomers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1625—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/1633—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/1658—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds from compounds containing conjugated dienes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
- C10L1/1822—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms
- C10L1/1824—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms mono-hydroxy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
- C10L1/1881—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
- C10L1/1886—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof naphthenic acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
- C10L1/1905—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters of di- or polycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/196—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
- C10L1/1963—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof mono-carboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/198—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid
- C10L1/1983—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid polyesters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/198—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid
- C10L1/1985—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid polyethers, e.g. di- polygylcols and derivatives; ethers - esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/20—Organic compounds containing halogen
- C10L1/206—Organic compounds containing halogen macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/207—Organic compounds containing halogen macromolecular compounds containing halogen with or without hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/2222—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/2222—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates
- C10L1/2225—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates hydroxy containing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/224—Amides; Imides carboxylic acid amides, imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/238—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/2381—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyamides; polyamide-esters; polyurethane, polyureas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
- C10L2230/08—Inhibitors
- C10L2230/081—Anti-oxidants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
- C10L2230/08—Inhibitors
- C10L2230/085—Metal deactivators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
- C10L2230/22—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole for improving fuel economy or fuel efficiency
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2250/00—Structural features of fuel components or fuel compositions, either in solid, liquid or gaseous state
- C10L2250/04—Additive or component is a polymer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2250/00—Structural features of fuel components or fuel compositions, either in solid, liquid or gaseous state
- C10L2250/08—Emulsion details
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2250/00—Structural features of fuel components or fuel compositions, either in solid, liquid or gaseous state
- C10L2250/08—Emulsion details
- C10L2250/086—Microemulsion or nanoemulsion
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2300/00—Mixture of two or more additives covered by the same group of C10L1/00 - C10L1/308
- C10L2300/20—Mixture of two components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2300/00—Mixture of two or more additives covered by the same group of C10L1/00 - C10L1/308
- C10L2300/30—Mixture of three components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2300/00—Mixture of two or more additives covered by the same group of C10L1/00 - C10L1/308
- C10L2300/40—Mixture of four or more components
Abstract
本发明公开一种具有阻燃抑爆功能的安全柴油的制备方法,该方法通过向现用柴油中添加水、抑爆剂、微乳化剂、助乳化剂和功能添加剂,采用微乳化技术,调合制备出具有阻燃抑爆功能的安全柴油。该柴油外观澄清透明,可长期储存,在发动机中可以正常燃烧使用,但在受到炮火打击时,不会起火燃烧,具有自熄灭功能,同时可将柴油“二次爆炸”的危害性降低70%以上。本发明提供了具有阻燃抑爆功能的安全柴油制备方法,其制备过程具有操作简单易行、安全可靠和效率高的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及阻燃抑爆柴油,具体是指具有良好热力学稳定性、不影响发动机使用性能、且具有阻燃和抑爆功能的柴油燃料,属于石油化工领域。
背景技术
随着周边局势的日益紧张,发生局部战争的可能性不断增大,同时作为国际大国,我国也将更多的参与反恐、维和等多种国际性非战争军事行动。现代局部战争中,装备因遭受火力打击引发燃料“二次爆炸”造成的装备损毁率和人员伤亡率高达50%。炮弹击中油箱后装甲装备自动灭火抑爆系统通过光学和温度传感器感应并快速触发灭火抑爆系统进行工作,该过程最快需要100-200ms时间,而炮火击中后引发的油箱的二次爆炸往往在几毫秒内发生,因此自动灭火抑爆装置不能有效阻止油箱的“二次爆炸”。如何解决这一问题,美、俄等军事强国十分重视,自上个世纪六七十年代开始都开展燃料安全技术的研究,而我国在该领域的研究一直相对薄弱。
燃料安全技术,是指以公共安全、交通运输和国防等领域使用的燃料为研究对象,以燃料非期望燃烧和爆炸的成因、过程、危害以及预防、控制为研究内容,以提升公共安全、交通运输安全和作战效能为目的的技术。阻燃抑爆柴油是燃料安全技术的一项重要研究内容,是指在不影响柴油基本使用性能的基础上,通过改变其自身的部分物理化学性能,从而改变燃料的燃烧和爆炸条件,起到阻止燃烧、延迟爆炸时间、减小爆炸强度或实现抑制爆炸的目的。
燃料安全技术应用于军事领域,可有效避免作战装备遭受火力打击时燃料产生的“二次爆炸”效应,大幅降低装备损毁率,显著提升人员生存率,达到提高作战能力的目的。因此,研发具有我国自主知识产权的阻燃抑爆柴油技术和产品具有重要的国防战略意义。
另外,近年来国内各类车辆因交通事故和自燃等因素导致的燃烧与爆炸事件频发,造成了巨大的生命财产损失,给社会带来了不安定因素。目前全国机动车(民用轿车、客车)保有量达到2.2亿辆,有近40万辆油气运输车,中石化、中石油有9万余个加油站,成品油在运输和使用过程中,因静电、意外事故(撞车、侧翻车)、维修(焊接、动火)造成的事故总数占95%,造成的大量的人员伤亡,并每年造成大约三十多亿元的财产损失。燃料安全技术应用于民用领域,能解决公共交通、危化品运输、消防车辆、船舶等因燃料意外燃烧和爆炸带来的安全隐患问题,保障人民生命财产安全、国家经济平稳运行、社会和谐稳定。
(一)国外现状
在过去40年里,美军先后研究了多种类型的防火柴油(见表1)。美军研制防火安全柴油的目的是提高战时供油、运输、储存的安全性,减少坦克与车辆等军事装备在失事或中弹时油料起火导致的潜在威胁,这样既可以提高人员的生存率,也可保护装备。从表1中可以看出,20世纪70-80年代美军研制的防火柴油在稳定性、发动机输出功率等方面存在一些问题,因此没做进一步的研究,也没有见到美军生产并使用防火柴油的报道。但伊拉克战争使得美军再次看到防火燃料的重要性,并于2006年开始重新研究以煤油基燃料JP-8为基础油的新一代防火燃料。
表1美军防火柴油研究历程
二十一世纪以来,俄军为解决长期困扰装甲装备致命的油箱安全问题,减少在战争、反恐行动和消防灭火中对各种军用、专用和民用车辆的损坏程度,特别是保护乘员的生命。俄国防部第25研究所以标准柴油为基础,研制出这种高稳定性的水油微量乳浊液混合物,其成份为:普通夏用柴油77wt%,水15wt%,特殊合成表面活性物质(乳化剂)8wt%,其中,乳化剂能够保证快速形成稳定的“水油”型微量乳浊液混合物。ПБД-Л柴油在多次对发动机油箱的射击和弹道试验中,都表现出了很高的耐火抗爆安全性和良好的使用性能,不但在偶然接触到火花时不会燃烧,就是在战车或装备的油箱被打中时也不会起火爆炸。它的出现不但解决了长期困扰坦克等装甲车辆致命的油箱安全问题,大大提高了各种军用、专用和民用车辆的生存能力,而且还可以减少车辆或装备废气的排放量和毒性,这在战争、反恐行动和消防灭火中对于保存车辆装备、特别是其中乘员的生命都是一个极其关键的胜算。ПБД-Л柴油已顺利通过了跨部门接收试验的各个阶段,并于2001年获得了国家标准化委员会颁发的生产和使用许可证,并已交付重点部队使用。目前研制的ПБД-З冬季用防火安全柴油已基本完成。
(二)国内现状
国内关于阻燃抑爆柴油的研究属于空白研究领域。总后油料研究所自2006年开始阻燃抑爆柴油的预研工作,2011年阻燃抑爆柴油的配方技术和安全评定技术研究取得突破,不但研制的阻燃抑爆柴油配方实现了“瞬间自熄灭”功能和“抑制二次爆炸”功能,而且建立起来国内第一个油品安全技术评定实验室,可以系统评价燃料的燃烧和爆炸等安全特性。目前已经完成了军用发动机的适应性试验和生产工艺技术研究,正在开展推广应用工作。
(三)现状分析
防火柴油技术,国外主要是美军和俄军自上个世纪六十年代开始研究工作。美军又分为两个研究阶段。2006年之前的研究成果,并没有推广应用,主要体现在储存稳定性和发动机适应性不好。2006年之后转为研制防火喷气燃料(属于单一燃料,飞机和地面车辆装备均使用),目前还在研究中。俄军研制的夏季用防火柴油于2001年获得了国家标准化委员会颁发的生产和使用许可证,并已配发部队使用,目前正在开展冬季用防火柴油研究。在防火燃料技术领域国内属于空白,目前没有相关的报道。
阻燃抑爆燃料技术应用于军事领域,可有效避免作战装备遭受火力打击时燃料产生的“二次爆炸”效应,大幅降低装备损毁率,显著提升人员生存率,达到提高作战能力的目的。因此从国防和军事需求的角度,需要研究阻燃抑爆柴油。
阻燃防爆燃料技术应用于民用领域,能解决公共交通、危险品运输、消防车辆、船舶等因燃料意外燃烧和爆炸带来的安全隐患问题,保障人民生命财产安全、国家经济平稳运行、社会和谐稳定。因此从社会民生和国民经济发展的角度,需要研究阻燃抑爆柴油。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决普通柴油在遇到炮火打击,或遇到静电、意外事故(撞车、侧翻车)、维修作业(焊接、动火)等因素造成的柴油意外燃烧和爆炸事故,以及由此产生的人员伤亡和装备损毁问题。
本发明提供以下技术方案:
一种具有阻燃抑爆功能的安全柴油的制备方法,调合制备时将柴油、抑爆剂、微乳化剂、助乳化剂、功能添加剂和水,按顺序依次加入或同时加入体系中混合搅拌,制备工艺条件为调合温度20℃~70℃;搅拌速度20r/min~200r/min;调合时间10min~120min。
所述具有阻燃抑爆功能的安全柴油的各个组分的含量为:抑爆剂含量0.01wt%~5wt%,微乳化剂含量1wt%~15wt%,助乳化剂含量1wt%~15wt%,功能添加剂含量0.01wt%~5wt%,水含量1wt%~30wt%,余量为柴油。
所述抑爆剂为聚丙烯酰胺、SBS三嵌段共聚物、聚氧化乙烯、乙烯丙烯嵌段共聚物、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚丁烯、聚异丁烯、聚丁二烯、聚氯乙烯、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚异戊二烯、聚氧乙烯、苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶、异丁橡胶、乙苯橡胶、聚醚型聚氨酯、聚酯型聚氨酯、聚酰胺6、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚苯乙烯单体聚合或偶联改性后聚合得到的分子量不低于100万高分子量聚合体中的一种或几种。
所述微乳化剂为失水山梨醇单月桂酸酯、失水山梨醇单棕榈酸酯、失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯、失水山梨醇单油酸酯、失水山梨醇三油酸酯、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇单月桂酸酯、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇单棕榈酸酯、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇单油酸酯、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇三油酸酯、油酸单乙酰胺、油酸单乙醇胺皂、油酸二乙酰胺、油酸二乙醇胺皂、油酸三乙酰胺、油酸三乙醇胺皂、单乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、环己胺、氨水、单乙醇胺单酯、二乙醇胺单酯、二乙醇胺单酯、氨基醇、油酸单酯、油酸、环烷酸、棕榈酸、月桂酸、十六烷基三甲基氯化铵、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、辛基苯基聚氧乙烯醚、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚中的一种,或以上几种乳化剂的复配。
所述助乳化剂为正丙醇、正丁醇、正戊醇、正己醇、正庚醇、正辛醇、正壬醇、正癸醇、正十一醇、正十二醇中的一种或几种的复配。
所述功能添加剂包括十六烷值改进剂、润滑性改进剂、低温流动性改进剂、金属腐蚀抑制剂、橡胶溶胀抑制剂、柴油清净分散剂、抗氧剂和阻燃剂
本发明的有益技术效果:该柴油外观澄清透明,可长期储存,在发动机中可以正常燃烧使用,但在受到炮火打击时,不会起火燃烧,具有自熄灭功能,同时可将柴油“二次爆炸”的危害性降低70%以上。本发明提供了具有阻燃抑爆功能的安全柴油制备方法,其制备过程具有操作简单易行、安全可靠和效率高的优点。
具体实施方式
下面结合本发明的优选实施例进一步说明本发明。
实施例1:
以-10号军用柴油为基础燃料,依次添加0.2wt%聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、6wt%聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇单月桂酸酯、6wt%正己醇、0.1wt%十六烷值改进剂、0.02wt%润滑性改进剂、0.003wt%低温流动性改进剂、0.1wt%金属腐蚀抑制剂、0.05wt%橡胶溶胀抑制剂、0.02wt%柴油清净分散剂、0.002wt%抗氧剂、0.04wt%阻燃剂和10wt%去离子水,在调合温度为40℃、搅拌速度为60r/min,调合30min,得到阻燃抑爆柴油1,评价结果见表2。
实施例2:
以-10号军用柴油为基础燃料,依次添加0.4wt%聚丁二烯、6.5wt%油酸单乙醇胺皂、6.5wt%正己醇、0.1wt%十六烷值改进剂、0.015wt%润滑性改进剂、0.003wt%低温流动性改进剂、0.05wt%金属腐蚀抑制剂、0.05wt%橡胶溶胀抑制剂、0.02wt%柴油清净分散剂、0.002wt%抗氧剂、0.04wt%阻燃剂和15wt%去离子水,在调合温度为50℃、搅拌速度为100r/min,调合30min,得到阻燃抑爆柴油2,评价结果见表2。
实施例3:
以-20号车用柴油为基础燃料,依次添加3wt%聚异戊二烯、10wt%十六烷基三甲基氯化铵、5wt%正辛醇、0.15wt%十六烷值改进剂、0.01wt%润滑性改进剂、0.008wt%低温流动性改进剂、0.05wt%金属腐蚀抑制剂、0.03wt%橡胶溶胀抑制剂、0.02wt%柴油清净分散剂、0.002wt%抗氧剂、0.06wt%阻燃剂和10wt%去离子水,在调合温度为60℃、搅拌速度为200r/min,调合60min,得到阻燃抑爆柴油3,评价结果见表2。
实施例4:
以-20号车用柴油为基础燃料,依次添加0.8wt%乙烯丙烯嵌段共聚物、4.5wt%环烷酸、4.5wt%正癸醇、0.05wt%十六烷值改进剂、0.02wt%润滑性改进剂、0.006wt%低温流动性改进剂、0.07wt%金属腐蚀抑制剂、0.05wt%橡胶溶胀抑制剂、0.02wt%柴油清净分散剂、0.002wt%抗氧剂、0.05wt%阻燃剂和5wt%去离子水,在调合温度为30℃、搅拌速度为80r/min,调合90min,得到阻燃抑爆柴油4,评价结果见表2。
实施例5:
以0号车用柴油为基础燃料,将1wt%苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶、10wt%失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯、10wt%正己醇、0.2wt%十六烷值改进剂、0.03wt%润滑性改进剂、0.003wt%低温流动性改进剂、0.06wt%金属腐蚀抑制剂、0.03wt%橡胶溶胀抑制剂、0.01wt%柴油清净分散剂、0.002wt%抗氧剂、0.02wt%阻燃剂和20wt%去离子水同时混合,在调合温度为20℃、搅拌速度为150r/min,调合120min,得到阻燃抑爆柴油5,评价结果见表2。
实施例6:
以0号车用柴油为基础燃料,将0.2wt%聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、5wt%油酸二乙酰胺、5wt%正十二醇、0.1wt%十六烷值改进剂、0.01wt%润滑性改进剂、0.005wt%低温流动性改进剂、0.01wt%金属腐蚀抑制剂、0.03wt%橡胶溶胀抑制剂、0.02wt%柴油清净分散剂、0.002wt%抗氧剂、0.04wt%阻燃剂和5wt%去离子水同时混合,在调合温度为50℃、搅拌速度为50r/min,调合60min,得到阻燃抑爆柴油6,评价结果见表2。
表2阻燃抑爆柴油评价结果
上实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例,而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。
Claims (6)
1.一种具有阻燃抑爆功能的安全柴油的制备方法,其特征在于:调合制备时将柴油、抑爆剂、微乳化剂、助乳化剂、功能添加剂和水,按顺序依次加入或同时加入体系中混合搅拌,制备工艺条件为调合温度20℃~70℃;搅拌速度20r/min~200r/min;调合时间10min~120min。
2.根据权利要求1所述的具有阻燃抑爆功能的安全柴油的制备方法,其特征在于,所述具有阻燃抑爆功能的安全柴油的各个组分的含量为:抑爆剂含量0.01wt%~5wt%,微乳化剂含量1wt%~15wt%,助乳化剂含量1wt%~15wt%,功能添加剂含量0.01wt%~5wt%,水含量1wt%~30wt%,余量为柴油。
3.根据权利要求1所述的具有阻燃抑爆功能的安全柴油的制备方法,其特征在于:所述抑爆剂为聚丙烯酰胺、SBS三嵌段共聚物、聚氧化乙烯、乙烯丙烯嵌段共聚物、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚丁烯、聚异丁烯、聚丁二烯、聚氯乙烯、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚异戊二烯、聚氧乙烯、苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶、异丁橡胶、乙苯橡胶、聚醚型聚氨酯、聚酯型聚氨酯、聚酰胺6、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚苯乙烯单体聚合或偶联改性后聚合得到的分子量不低于100万高分子量聚合体中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的具有阻燃抑爆功能的安全柴油的制备方法,其特征在于:所述微乳化剂为失水山梨醇单月桂酸酯、失水山梨醇单棕榈酸酯、失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯、失水山梨醇单油酸酯、失水山梨醇三油酸酯、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇单月桂酸酯、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇单棕榈酸酯、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇单油酸酯、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇三油酸酯、油酸单乙酰胺、油酸单乙醇胺皂、油酸二乙酰胺、油酸二乙醇胺皂、油酸三乙酰胺、油酸三乙醇胺皂、单乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、环己胺、氨水、单乙醇胺单酯、二乙醇胺单酯、二乙醇胺单酯、氨基醇、油酸单酯、油酸、环烷酸、棕榈酸、月桂酸、十六烷基三甲基氯化铵、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、辛基苯基聚氧乙烯醚、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚中的一种,或以上几种乳化剂的复配。
5.根据权利要求1所述的具有阻燃抑爆功能的安全柴油的制备方法,其特征在于:所述助乳化剂为正丙醇、正丁醇、正戊醇、正己醇、正庚醇、正辛醇、正壬醇、正癸醇、正十一醇、正十二醇中的一种或几种的复配。
6.根据权利要求1所述的具有阻燃抑爆功能的安全柴油的制备方法,其特征在于:所述功能添加剂包括十六烷值改进剂、润滑性改进剂、低温流动性改进剂、金属腐蚀抑制剂、橡胶溶胀抑制剂、柴油清净分散剂、抗氧剂和阻燃剂。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610305898.2A CN105733700A (zh) | 2016-05-10 | 2016-05-10 | 一种具有阻燃抑爆功能的安全柴油的制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610305898.2A CN105733700A (zh) | 2016-05-10 | 2016-05-10 | 一种具有阻燃抑爆功能的安全柴油的制备方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN105733700A true CN105733700A (zh) | 2016-07-06 |
Family
ID=56288940
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610305898.2A Pending CN105733700A (zh) | 2016-05-10 | 2016-05-10 | 一种具有阻燃抑爆功能的安全柴油的制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN105733700A (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110857404A (zh) * | 2018-08-24 | 2020-03-03 | 重庆奥图美腾环保科技有限公司 | 车用助燃添加剂及使用方法 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001181657A (ja) * | 1999-12-27 | 2001-07-03 | Tsukamoto Shoji Kikai Kk | 燃料油と水の界面活性剤の製造方法と安定度の高いエマルジョン化した乳化燃料の製造方法 |
CN101838566A (zh) * | 2009-03-16 | 2010-09-22 | 郁光耀 | 一种油水共聚合成环保节能柴油 |
CN102559306A (zh) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-07-11 | 山东国弘能源科技有限公司 | 一种环保重油添加剂及其制备和使用方法 |
-
2016
- 2016-05-10 CN CN201610305898.2A patent/CN105733700A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001181657A (ja) * | 1999-12-27 | 2001-07-03 | Tsukamoto Shoji Kikai Kk | 燃料油と水の界面活性剤の製造方法と安定度の高いエマルジョン化した乳化燃料の製造方法 |
CN101838566A (zh) * | 2009-03-16 | 2010-09-22 | 郁光耀 | 一种油水共聚合成环保节能柴油 |
CN102559306A (zh) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-07-11 | 山东国弘能源科技有限公司 | 一种环保重油添加剂及其制备和使用方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
K.K.CHAO ET AL: "Antimisting Action of Polymeric Additives in Jet Fuels", 《AICHE JOURNAL》 * |
周达飞,唐颂超: "《高分子材料成型加工》", 31 August 2005 * |
魏成龙: "阻燃抑爆柴油性能评定研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技I辑》 * |
黄勇 等: "柴油爆炸性能外场实验研究", 《爆炸与冲击》 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110857404A (zh) * | 2018-08-24 | 2020-03-03 | 重庆奥图美腾环保科技有限公司 | 车用助燃添加剂及使用方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US4173455A (en) | Fire-safe hydrocarbon fuels | |
US5091097A (en) | Fire extinguishing and inhibiting material | |
CN110935128B (zh) | 一种防火降温水凝胶及其制备方法 | |
CN103044937A (zh) | 一种环保路用阻燃抑烟沥青及其制备方法 | |
CN110960824A (zh) | 一种烃类易燃液体流淌火灭火剂 | |
CN105733700A (zh) | 一种具有阻燃抑爆功能的安全柴油的制备方法 | |
US8277584B2 (en) | Extremely insensitive detonating substance and method for its manufacture | |
CN109045514A (zh) | 阻燃装置及其方法、电动汽车 | |
CN110960823B (zh) | 一种氢燃料电池汽车消防应急模拟训练装置 | |
CN102747257A (zh) | 稀土铝镁合金阻隔防爆材料 | |
CN204528227U (zh) | 一种用于油气回收系统的隔爆组件及油气回收系统 | |
CN1064055A (zh) | 防爆油箱 | |
CN104974801B (zh) | 一种改性煤油组合物 | |
Changbo et al. | Progress on fire and explosion suppression technologies for light petroleum fuel | |
CN106987288A (zh) | 汽油燃料抗爆剂 | |
Späth et al. | A New dimension in coal mine safety: ExploSpot, active explosion suppression technology | |
CN106190372A (zh) | 醇基车用燃料添加剂 | |
SCHMITIGAL et al. | Army testing fire resistant fuels for combat vehicles | |
CN115192952B (zh) | 一种锂电池用全氟己酮乳液灭火剂及其制备方法 | |
CN103305295A (zh) | 一种柴油乳化剂 | |
CN103789056A (zh) | 一种新型汽油复合抗爆剂 | |
DE19717530C2 (de) | Vorrichtung zur Bekämpfung von Gebäude-, insbesondere Bunkeranlagen | |
Finnerty et al. | Using powder packs for passive fire protection of military vehicles | |
CN200958432Y (zh) | 低浓度瓦斯气安全供给装置 | |
Gandee et al. | Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Anti-Mist Fuel Additives in Prevention of Aircraft Fuel Tank Ullage Fires and Explosions |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20160706 |
|
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |