CN105732991B - 聚合物及包含其的医药组合物 - Google Patents
聚合物及包含其的医药组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105732991B CN105732991B CN201510584744.7A CN201510584744A CN105732991B CN 105732991 B CN105732991 B CN 105732991B CN 201510584744 A CN201510584744 A CN 201510584744A CN 105732991 B CN105732991 B CN 105732991B
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- A61K31/16—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids
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- A61K31/21—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
- A61K31/215—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids
- A61K31/235—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids having an aromatic ring attached to a carboxyl group
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Abstract
本发明提供一种聚合物及包含其的医药组合物。根据本发明一实施例,该聚合物可例如为一改性的聚乙烯醇,包含第一重复单元、第二重复单元以及第三重复单元,其中该第一重复单元是该第二重复单元是其中R1是C1‑6烷基;以及,该第三重复单元是其中X是或以及Y是亲水性高分子基团。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及聚合物及包含其的医药组合物。
背景技术
由G.Amidon开发的生物药物分类系统(BCS)依据药物的溶解性和吸收性将口服药物分成四类:I类-高穿透性,高溶解性;II类-高穿透性,低溶解性;III类-低穿透性,高溶解性;以及,IV类-低穿透性,低溶解性。BCS II类药物由于其疏水性或亲脂性,因此在水相环境中易发生聚集的倾向,使得其药物制剂的开发受到局限,然而,全球开发中药品约有70%为BCS II类药物。
为了使药物达到预期的功效,需提高药物溶解度、并使溶解的药物分子维持在单分子形式。因此,使BCS II类药物在人体内能充分溶解,溶离及吸收,提高药物的生体可利用率,为目前医药技术的重要课题。
发明内容
根据本发明的实施例,本发明提供一种聚合物。该聚合物包含第一重复单元、第二重复单元以及第三重复单元,其中该第一重复单元是该第二重复单元是其中R1是C1-6烷基;以及,该第三重复单元是其中X是或以及Y是亲水性高分子基团。
根据本发明另一实施例,本发明还提供利用上述聚合物作为药用辅料(pharmaceutical excipients)的医药组合物。该医药组合物包含:生物活性成分;以及辅料,其中该辅料包含上述聚合物。
附图说明
图1是实施例1、2、3及9所制备的改性聚乙烯醇(1)、(2)、(3)及(9)与市售辅料VA64的崩散时间比较。
图2是实施例2、3及9所制备的改性聚乙烯醇(2)、(3)及(9)与HPMC-AS的助溶能力比较。
图3是实施例3-5及8-12所制备的改性聚乙烯醇(3)-(5)及(8)-(12)与HPMC-AS的助溶能力比较。
图4示出不同浓度的改性聚乙烯醇(2)水溶液与细胞存活率的关系。
图5是实施例1、2、3、5、8、9及12所制备的改性聚乙烯醇(1)、(2)、(3)、(5)、(8)、(9)及(12)与市售辅料的生物毒性比较。
具体实施方式
本发明公开一种聚合物及包含其的医药组合物。该聚合物是一种经改性的聚乙烯醇,其在聚乙烯醇的羟基以亲水性高分子基团及烷酰基进行改性。此外,根据本发明实施例,聚合物也可为一种经改性的聚乙烯醇,其在聚乙烯醇的羟基以亲水性高分子基团、烷酰基以及疏水性基团进行改性。本发明所述的聚合物,由于具有助溶能力,可进一步作为辅料,改善BCS II类药物在体内的溶离及吸收,因此可在不改变药物形态下,提高药物的生体可利用率(bio-availability,BA)。此聚合物结构在水相环境中会自发性形成微胞(micelle)结构,微胞核心部分聚集形成的疏水性核心,即可用以包覆难溶性药物,结构中亲水部分可使微胞稳定且均匀分散于水中,减少药物聚集。此聚合物作为辅料,可解决目前大多数BCS II药物难溶易聚集的瓶颈,以提升药物的生体可用率。另一方面,除助溶功能外,本发明所述的聚合物也可提供医药组合物如崩散、黏合等功能,可降低固体制剂中赋型剂的使用量,更可缩小药物体积、降低对人体造成的不良药物反应。
本发明所述的聚合物,可包含第一重复单元、第二重复单元以及第三重复单元,其中该第一重复单元、该第二重复单元以及该第三重复单元是以无规方式重复。该第一重复单元可为该第二重复单元可为其中R1是C1-6烷基;以及,该第三重复单元可为其中X是或以及Y是亲水性高分子基团。
根据本发明实施例,该亲水性高分子基团可为聚乙二醇(polyethylene glycol、PEG)基团、甲基聚乙二醇(methyl polyethylene glycol、mPEG)基团、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(polyvinylpyrrolidone、PVP)基团、聚丙烯酸(polyacrylic acid、PAA)基团、或聚甲基丙烯酸(polymethacrylic acid、PMA)基团,且该亲水性高分子基团的分子量可为约500至100,000,例如:约1,000至80,000、或约1,500至60,000。通过调整该聚合物的亲水性高分子基团的分子量,可调控聚合物的微型态以及其于水相环境中的稳定性。根据本发明实施例,该亲水性高分子基团可为聚乙二醇(polyethylene glycol、PEG)基团、甲基聚乙二醇(methyl polyethylene glycol、mPEG)基团,其中该聚乙二醇(polyethylene glycol、PEG)基团以其羟基的去氢残基与X基团键结。换言之,该第三重复单元可为
或
根据本发明实施例,该亲水性高分子基团的接枝率可为约0.1%至10%,例如约1%至8%。该聚合物的亲水性高分子基团接枝率是由第三重复单元的单量数占该第一、第二及第三重复单元的单量数总合的百分比计算出。若亲水性高分子基团的接枝率过低则不易形成微胞,且聚合物性质较疏水,不易溶于水中,也无法提升药物助溶效果;若亲水高分子基团的接枝率过高,则聚合物可负载的药物量降低,无法达到显著的药物助溶与分散效果。
根据本发明实施例,该第二重复单元的R1官能基可为甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、戊基、或己基。举例来说,该第二重复单元可为而该聚合物具有一酯化度可为约10%至85%,其中该聚合物的酯化度是由该第二重复单元的单量数占该第一、第二及第三重复单元的单量数总合的百分比计算出。
根据本发明实施例,本发明所述的聚合物的分子量可约为5,000至500,000,例如:约8,000至400,000、或8000至300,000。通过调整该聚合物的分子量,可依据不同药物的脂溶性,提供不同程度的助溶效果。
根据本发明实施例,本发明所述的聚合物的该第一重复单元具有一重量百分比介于约5wt%-50wt%、该第二重复单元具有一重量百分比介于约10wt%-55wt%以及该第三重复单元具有一重量百分比介于约25wt%-75wt%,其中该重量百分比以该第一重复单元、该第二重复单元以及该第三重复单元的总重为基准。若第一重复单元及第三重复单元的重量百分比过低、或是第二重复单元的重量百分比过高,则聚合物较疏水,于水中溶解度降低,需使用有机溶剂帮助其均匀溶解,且不易于水中自组装形成微胞,造成药物包覆效果不佳;若第一重复单元及第三重复单元的重量百分比过高、或是第二重复单元的重量百分比过低,则聚合物亲水性高,形成的微胞结构在水相环境中较不稳定,无法提供疏水性药物稳定置放的储存场所。此外,根据本发明其他实施例,本发明所述的聚合物的该第一重复单元具有一重量百分比介于约10wt%-45wt%、该第二重复单元具有一重量百分比介于约15wt%-50wt%以及该第三重复单元具有一重量百分比介于约25wt%-70wt%。
根据本发明实施例,该聚合物可更包含:第四重复单元,其中该第四重复单元是其中Z是疏水性基团。该第一重复单元、第二重复单元、第三重复单元及该第四重复单元是以无规方式重复。该疏水性基团可为苯基(phenyl)、萘基(naphthalene)、或C4-C20烷基(例如:-C5H11、-C7H15、-C9H19、或-C11H23)。此外,根据本发明其他实施例,该疏水性基团可为聚酯基团,例如:聚己内酯(polycaprolactone)基团、聚乳酸(polylactic acid)基团、聚甘醇酸(polyglycolic acid)基团、或聚乳酸聚甘醇酸(poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid)基团。其中,该聚酯基团的分子量可约为500至5,000。
根据本发明实施例,本发明所述的聚合物的该第一重复单元具有一重量百分比介于约5wt%-40wt%、该第二重复单元具有一重量百分比介于约10wt%-50wt%、该第三重复单元具有一重量百分比介于约25wt%-70wt%以及该第四重复单元具有一重量百分比介于约5wt%-50wt%,其中该重量百分比是以该第一重复单元、该第二重复单元、该第三重复单元以及该第四重复单元的总重为基准。根据本发明某些实施例,该疏水性基团的接枝率可为0.1%至10%,例如约1%至8%。该聚合物的疏水性高分子基团接枝率是由第四重复单元的单量数占该第一、第二、第三及第四重复单元的单量数总合的百分比计算出。若疏水性高分子基团的接枝率过低,则聚合物较疏水,于水中溶解度降低,需使用有机溶剂帮助其均匀溶解,且不易于水中自组装形成微胞,造成药物包覆效果不佳;若疏水性高分子基团的接枝率过高,则聚合物亲水性高,形成的微胞结构在水相环境中较不稳定,无法提供疏水性药物稳定置放的储存场。本发明的聚合物亲疏水性,可依据其包覆药物的性质作调控,以利药物助溶效果的呈现。
本发明所述的聚合物该酯化程度、亲水性基团接枝、疏水性基团接枝,其合成无先后顺序之别,本发明实施例以先酯化,后接枝亲水基团,再依据需求调控疏水性基团接枝为例。
本发明也提供一种医药组合物,可包含生物活性成分,以及辅料,其中该辅料包含上述的聚合物,且该生物活性成分与该辅料的重量比可约为10:1至1:20。根据本发明实施例,由于本发明所述的聚合物具有较佳的结合能力以及缓释能力,因此该医药组合物可为锭剂、胶囊剂、散剂、片剂、粉剂、微囊剂、混悬剂、乳剂、或粒剂。此外,该生物活性成分可为纳米药物型态、微脂粒型态、微胞型态、或是微粒型态。
根据本发明实施例,本发明所述的聚合物,由于具有助溶能力,做为辅料,可改善难溶药物(例如BCS II类药物)在体内的溶离及吸收,因此可在不改变药物形态下,提高药物的生体可利用率(bio-availability、BA)。因此,该生物活性成分是脂溶性药物。此外,该生物活性成分是非固醇抗发炎药物、精神科药物、降血脂药物、止吐药物、或其组合。根据本发明其他实施例,该生物活性成分可为水杨酸(salicylic acid)衍生物、丙酸(propionicacid)衍生物、苯乙酸(phenylacetic acids)衍生物、吲哚酸(indoleacetic acids)衍生物、昔康(oxicams)衍生物、或吡唑啉酮(pyrazalones)衍生物,例如布洛芬(ibuprofen)、萘普生(naproxen)、酮洛芬(ketoprofen)、氟比洛芬(flurbiprofen)、非诺洛芬(fenoprofen)、舒洛芬(suprofen)、氟洛芬(fluprofen)、芬布芬(fenbufen)、托麦汀钠(tolmetin sodium)、佐美酸(zomepirac)、舒林酸(sulindac)、吲哚美辛(indomethacin)、甲芬那酸(mefenamic acid)、甲氯芬那酸(meclofenamate)、二氟尼柳(diflunisal)、氟苯柳(flufenisal)、吡罗昔康(piroxicam)、舒多昔康(sudoxicam)、伊索昔康(isoxicam)、氯苯那敏(chlorpheniramine)、溴苯拉敏(brompheniramine)、右氯苯那敏(dexchlorpheniramine)、右溴苯拉敏(dexbrompheniramine)、曲普立定(triprolidine)、氯环嗪(chlorcyclizine)、苯海拉明(diphenhydramine)、多西拉敏(doxylamine)、曲吡那敏(tripelenamine)、环丙利多(cyproheptatine)、溴苯海拉明(bromodiphenhydramin)、苯茚胺(phenindamine)、吡拉明(pyrilamine)、阿扎他定(azatadine)、阿伐斯汀(acrivastine)、阿司咪唑(astemizole)、氮卓斯汀(azelastine)、西替利嗪(cetirizine)、依巴斯汀(ebastine)、非索非那定(fexofenadine)、酮替芬(ketotifen)、卡比沙明(carbinoxamine)、地氯雷他定(desloratadine)、氯雷他定(loratadine)、苯拉敏(pheniramine)、松齐拉敏(thonzylamine)、咪唑斯汀(mizolastine)、特非那定(terfenadine)、氯苯达诺(chlophendianol)、卡拉美芬(caramiphen)、右美沙芬(dextromethorphan)、可待因(codeine)、氢可酮(hydrocodone)、伪麻黄碱(pseudoephedrine)、麻黄碱(ephedrine)、脱羟肾上腺素(phenylephrine)、愈创木酚甘油醚(guaifenesin)、愈创木酚磺酸钾(guaiacotsulfonate)、塞来考昔(Celecoxib)、罗非考昔(Rofecoxib)、伐地考昔(Valdecoxib)、对乙酰氨基酚(acetaminophen)、非纳西汀(phenacetin)、阿司匹林(acteylsalicylic acid)、阿立哌唑(aripiprazole)、非诺贝特(fenofibrate)、阿瑞吡坦(aprepitant)、奈韦拉平(nevirapine)、格列本脲(glyburide)、索拉非尼(sorafenib)、维罗非尼(vemurafenib)及特拉匹韦(telaprevir)、或其组合。
为了使本发明的上述和其他目的、特征、和优点能更明显易懂,下文特举数实施例,来说明本发明所述聚合物及包含其的组合物。
不同酯化度的聚醋酸乙烯酯的制备
制备例1:
首先,将酯化度20%的聚醋酸乙烯酯(polyvinyl acetate、PVAc、分子量约为10,000-12,000)(1当量)置于一反应瓶内,并在60℃下真空干燥24小时。接着,将该聚醋酸乙烯酯溶于二甲基乙酰胺(dimethylacetamide、DMAc)中,并升温至80℃搅拌2小时。接着,将反应瓶降至室温,并加入4-二甲氨基吡啶(4-dimethylaminopyridine、DMAP)(0.01当量)。搅拌10分钟后,将反应瓶移置于室温水浴,并缓慢加入醋酸酐(acetic anhydride))(0.2当量)。将该醋酸酐完全加入反应瓶后,在室温下加入三乙胺(triethylamine)(0.22当量),并在40℃下反应16小时。接着,待降温至室温,加入大量乙醚(ether)于反应瓶中,搅拌1小时,静置并待产物析出。重复上述步骤二次,可得白色析出物,并对该析出物进行真空干燥得到白色固体(聚醋酸乙烯酯)。接着,测量聚醋酸乙烯酯的核磁共振(NMR)光谱,判断所得聚醋酸乙烯酯的酯化度(由CH3的H信号(δ=2.0-1.8)的面积积分与CH2(δ=1.2-1.8)的H信号面积积分进行计算所得),结果如表1所示。
制备例2:
如制备例1所述的方式进行,除了将4-二甲氨基吡啶(4-dimethylaminopyridine、DMAP)由0.01当量改为0.02当量、将醋酸酐(acetic anhydride)由0.2当量改为0.4当量以及将三乙胺(triethylamine)由0.22当量改为0.44当量。接着,计算所得聚醋酸乙烯酯的酯化度,结果如表1所示。
制备例3:
如制备例1所述的方式进行,除了将4-二甲氨基吡啶(4-dimethylaminopyridine、DMAP)由0.01当量改为0.03当量、将醋酸酐(acetic anhydride)由0.2当量改为0.6当量以及将三乙胺(triethylamine)由0.22当量改为0.66当量。接着,计算所得聚醋酸乙烯酯的酯化度,结果如表1所示。
表1
甲氧基聚乙二醇预聚合物
制备例4:
将19.0g甲氧基聚乙二醇(methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)、分子量1900)加入于一反应瓶中,并在100℃真空烘箱下放置24小时以进行除水。降至室温后,在氮气下加入47.9mL二甲基亚砜(dimethyl sulfoxide、DMSO)并加热至60-70℃使甲氧基聚乙二醇完全溶解。降至室温后,加入1.5g二异氰酸酯(hexamethylene diisocyanate、HDI)于反应瓶中,并加热至90℃进行反应,整体反应不使用催化剂。接着,以凝胶透渗层析仪检测产物相对分子量,可得知在90℃下反应4小时后,即可得到活性甲氧基聚乙二醇预聚物(1)(结构为GPC检测分子量为1700-2200),上述反应可以下式表示:
制备例5:
如制备例4所述的方式进行,除了将分子量1900的甲氧基聚乙二醇(19.0g)改为分子量2000的甲氧基聚乙二醇(20g),得到活性甲氧基聚乙二醇预聚物(2)。
制备例6:
如制备例4所述的方式进行,除了将分子量1900的甲氧基聚乙二醇(19.0g)改为分子量5000的甲氧基聚乙二醇(25g),得到活性甲氧基聚乙二醇预聚物(3)。
制备例7:
将25.0g甲氧基聚乙二醇(methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)、分子量2000)加入于一反应瓶中,并在100℃真空烘箱下放置24小时以进行除水。降至室温后,在氮气下加入53mL二甲基亚砜(dimethyl sulfoxide、DMSO)并加热至60-70℃使甲氧基聚乙二醇完全溶解。降至室温后,加入2.8g二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(methylene diphenyl diisocyanate、MDI)于反应瓶中,并加热至50℃进行反应,整体反应不使用催化剂。接着,以凝胶透渗层析仪检测产物相对分子量,可得知在50℃下反应1小时后,即可得到活性甲氧基聚乙二醇预聚物(4)(结构为GPC检测分子量为1700-2200)。上述反应可以下式表示:
制备例8:
将190g甲氧基聚乙二醇(methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)、分子量2000)加入于一反应瓶中,并在100℃真空烘箱下放置24小时以进行除水。降至室温后,在氮气下加入490mL二甲基亚砜(dimethyl sulfoxide、DMSO)并加热至60-70℃使甲氧基聚乙二醇完全溶解。降至室温后,加入20g二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(isophorone diisocyanate、IPDI)于反应瓶中,并在80℃下进行反应,整体反应不使用催化剂。接着,以凝胶透渗层析仪检测产物相对分子量,可得知在80℃下反应4小时后,即可得到活性甲氧基聚乙二醇预聚物(5)(结构为GPC检测分子量为1700-2200)。上述反应可以下式表示:
改性聚乙烯醇的制备
实施例1
将甲氧基聚乙二醇预聚物(1)(由制备例4所述方式制备而得,所使用的甲氧基聚乙二醇(methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)、分子量1900)及二异氰酸酯(hexamethylenediisocyanate、HDI)的用量如表2所示)、15.8g酯化度20%的聚醋酸乙烯酯(polyvinylacetate、PVAc、分子量约为10,000-12,000)以及170mL二甲基亚砜(dimethyl sulfoxide、DMSO)加入于一反应瓶中。待均匀混合后,将反应瓶加热至90℃。反应16小时后,将反应瓶降温至室温,并加入大量乙醚(ether)于反应瓶中,搅拌1小时,静置并待产物沉淀析出。接着,将沉淀物后置于真空烘箱中以80℃烘烤以除去溶剂。接着,将所得产物再以二氯甲烷(dichloromethane)进行萃取,得到改性聚乙烯醇(1),其具有重复单元
重复单元以及重复单元(n>1,且基团的分子量约为1900),且重复单元A、B及C以无规方式重复。
实施例2
如实施例1所述的方式进行,除了将用来制备甲氧基聚乙二醇预聚物(1)的甲氧基聚乙二醇(methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)、分子量1900)及二异氰酸酯(hexamethylenediisocyanate、HDI)的用量依表2调整,并将酯化度20%的聚醋酸乙烯酯(polyvinylacetate、PVAc)的用量由15.8g增加至86.2g以及二甲基亚砜的量由170mL增加至713mL,得到改性聚乙烯醇(2),其具有重复单元重复单元以及重复单元(n>1,且基团的分子量约为1900),且重复单元A、B及C以无规方式重复。
实施例3
如实施例1所述的方式进行,除了将用来制备甲氧基聚乙二醇预聚物(1)的甲氧基聚乙二醇(methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)、分子量1900)及二异氰酸酯(hexamethylenediisocyanate、HDI)的用量依表2调整,并将酯化度20%的聚醋酸乙烯酯(polyvinylacetate、PVAc)的用量由15.8g增加至137.9g以及二甲基亚砜的量由170mL增加至716mL,得到改性聚乙烯醇(3),其具有重复单元重复单元以及重复单元(n>1,且基团的分子量约为1900),且重复单元A、B及C以无规方式重复。
实施例4
如实施例1所述的方式进行,除了将用来制备甲氧基聚乙二醇预聚物(1)的甲氧基聚乙二醇(methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)、分子量1900)及二异氰酸酯(hexamethylenediisocyanate、HDI)的用量依表2调整,并将酯化度20%的聚醋酸乙烯酯(polyvinylacetate、PVAc)的用量由15.8g增加至46g以及二甲基亚砜的量由170mL增加至611mL,得到改性聚乙烯醇(4),其具有重复单元重复单元以及重复单元(n>1,且基团的分子量约为1900),且重复单元A、B及C以无规方式重复。
实施例5
如实施例1所述的方式进行,除了将用来制备甲氧基聚乙二醇预聚物(1)的甲氧基聚乙二醇(methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)、分子量1900)及二异氰酸酯(hexamethylenediisocyanate、HDI)的用量依表2调整,并将酯化度20%的聚醋酸乙烯酯(polyvinylacetate、PVAc)的用量由15.8g增加至124.1g以及将170mL二甲基亚砜改为847mL二甲基乙酰氨(dimethylacetamide、DMAC),得到改性聚乙烯醇(5),其具有重复单元重复单元以及重复单元(n>1,且基团的分子量约为1900),且重复单元A、B及C以无规方式重复。
实施例6
如实施例1所述的方式进行,除了将用来制备甲氧基聚乙二醇预聚物(1)的甲氧基聚乙二醇(methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)、分子量1900)及二异氰酸酯(hexamethylenediisocyanate、HDI)的用量依表2调整,并将酯化度20%的聚醋酸乙烯酯(polyvinylacetate、PVAc)的用量由15.8g增加至137.9g以及将170mL二甲基亚砜改为716mL二甲基乙酰氨(dimethylacetamide、DMAC),得到改性聚乙烯醇(6),其具有重复单元重复单元以及重复单元(n>1,且基团的分子量约为1900),且重复单元A、B及C以无规方式重复。
实施例7
将甲氧基聚乙二醇预聚物(2)(由制备例5所述方式制备而得,所使用的甲氧基聚乙二醇(methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)、分子量2000)及二异氰酸酯(hexamethylenediisocyanate、HDI)的用量如表2所示)、86.2g酯化度20%的聚醋酸乙烯酯(polyvinylacetate、PVAc、分子量约为10,000-12,000)以及740mL二甲基亚砜(dimethyl sulfoxide、DMSO)加入于一反应瓶中。待均匀混合后,将反应瓶加热至90℃。反应16小时后,将反应瓶降温至室温,并加入大量乙醚(ether)于反应瓶中,搅拌1小时,静置并待产物沉淀析出。接着,将沉淀物后置于真空烘箱中以80℃烘烤以除去溶剂。接着,将所得产物再以二氯甲烷(dichloromethane)进行萃取,得到改性聚乙烯醇(7),其具有重复单元
重复单元以及重复单元(n>1,且基团的分子量约为2000),且重复单元A、B及C以无规方式重复。
实施例8
将甲氧基聚乙二醇预聚物(3)(由制备例6所述方式制备而得,所使用的甲氧基聚乙二醇(methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)、分子量5000)及二异氰酸酯(hexamethylenediisocyanate、HDI)的用量如表2所示)、78.6g酯化度20%的聚醋酸乙烯酯(polyvinylacetate、PVAc、分子量约为10,000-12,000)以及485mL二甲基亚砜(dimethyl sulfoxide、DMSO)加入于一反应瓶中。待均匀混合后,将反应瓶加热至90℃。反应16小时后,将反应瓶降温至室温,并加入大量乙醚(ether)于反应瓶中,搅拌1小时,静置并待产物沉淀析出。接着,将沉淀物后置于真空烘箱中以80℃烘烤以除去溶剂。接着,将所得产物再以二氯甲烷(dichloromethane)进行萃取,得到改性聚乙烯醇(8),其具有重复单元、重复单元以及重复单元(n>1,且基团的分子量约为5000),且重复单元A、B及C以无规方式重复。
表2
接着,测量实施例1-8所制备的改性聚乙烯醇(1)-(8)的核磁共振(NMR)光谱,判断甲氧基聚乙二醇的接枝率(即重复单元C与所有重复单元(重复单元A、B及C)的当量比。而重复单元A、B及C的单量可由核磁共振(NMR)光谱的氢信号面积积分换算而得:δ=1.2-1.8为重复单元A、B及C其CH2的H信号;δ=1.8-2.0为重复单元B其CH3的H信号;δ=3.23为重复单元C其CH3的H信号;δ=3.55-4.1为重复单元A其CH的H信号;以及,δ=4.2-5.2为重复单元A其OH的H信号以及重复单元B其CH的H信号),并计算重复单元A、B及C的重量百分比,结果如表3所示。重复单元A、B及C重量百分比计算方式由NMR光谱积分面积所测量的接枝率做推算。由NMR重复单元C其CH3的H信号积分数,可计算改性聚乙烯醇的接枝率,并进一步推算改性聚乙烯醇(1)-(8)的分子量,则可计算重复单元A、B及C重量百分比。
表3
实施例9
将改性聚乙烯醇(1)进一步酯化,酯化反应步骤如下:取60g改性聚乙烯醇(1)(由实施例1所制备)加入一反应瓶中,并加入470mL二甲基乙酰氨(dimethylacetamide、DMAC)作为溶剂。接着,加热反应瓶至80℃搅拌2小时,使改性聚乙烯醇(1)均匀溶解于二甲基乙酰氨中。接着,将反应瓶降至30-35℃,并加入0.51g 4-二甲氨基吡啶(4-dimethylaminopyridine、DMAP)。搅拌10分钟后,将反应瓶移置于室温水浴,并缓慢加入7.9mL醋酸酐(acetic anhydride))。将该醋酸酐完全加入反应瓶后,在室温下加入12.8mL三乙胺(triethylamine),并在40℃下反应16小时。接着,将反应瓶降温至室温,并加入大量乙醚(ether)于反应瓶中,搅拌1小时,静置并待产物沉淀析出。接着,将沉淀物后置于真空烘箱中以80℃烘烤以除去溶剂。接着,进行透析纯化,得到改性聚乙烯醇(9),其具有重复单元重复单元以及重复单元(n>1,且基团的分子量约为1900),且重复单元A、B及C以无规方式重复。上述酯化反应的反应物用量如表4所示。
实施例10
将改性聚乙烯醇(2)进一步酯化,酯化反应步骤如下:取60g改性聚乙烯醇(2)加入一反应瓶中,并加入741mL二甲基乙酰氨(dimethylacetamide、DMAc)作为溶剂。接着,加热反应瓶至80℃搅拌2小时,使改性聚乙烯醇(2)均匀溶解于二甲基乙酰氨中。接着,将反应瓶降至30-35℃,并加入1.3g4-二甲氨基吡啶(4-dimethylaminopyridine、DMAP)。搅拌10分钟后,将反应瓶移置于室温水浴,并缓慢加入20mL醋酸酐(acetic anhydride))。将该醋酸酐完全加入反应瓶后,在室温下加入32.5mL三乙胺(triethylamine),并在40℃下反应16小时。接着,将反应瓶降温至室温,并加入大量乙醚(ether)于反应瓶中,搅拌1小时,静置并待产物沉淀析出。接着,将沉淀物后置于真空烘箱中以80℃烘烤以除去溶剂。接着,进行透析纯化,得到改性聚乙烯醇(10),其具有重复单元重复单元以及重复单元(n>1,且基团的分子量约为1900),且重复单元A、B及C以无规方式重复。上述酯化反应的反应物用量如表4所示。
实施例11
将改性聚乙烯醇(2)进一步酯化,酯化反应步骤如下:取60g改性聚乙烯醇(2)加入一反应瓶中,并加入912mL二甲基乙酰氨(dimethylacetamide、DMAC)作为溶剂。接着,加热反应瓶至80℃搅拌2小时,使改性聚乙烯醇(2)均匀溶解于二甲基乙酰氨中。接着,将反应瓶降至30-35℃,并加入1.94g 4-二甲氨基吡啶(4-dimethylaminopyridine、DMAP)。搅拌10分钟后,将反应瓶移置于室温水浴,并缓慢加入30mL醋酸酐(acetic anhydride))。将该醋酸酐完全加入反应瓶后,在室温下加入48.7mL三乙胺(triethylamine),并在40℃下反应16小时。接着,将反应瓶降温至室温,并加入大量乙醚(ether)于反应瓶中,搅拌1小时,静置并待产物沉淀析出。接着,将沉淀物后置于真空烘箱中以80℃烘烤以除去溶剂。接着,进行透析纯化,得到改性聚乙烯醇(11),其具有重复单元重复单元以及重复单元(n>1,且基团的分子量约为1900),且重复单元A、B及C以无规方式重复。上述酯化反应的反应物用量如表4所示。
表4
接着,测量改性聚乙烯醇的核磁共振(NMR)光谱,判断所得改性聚乙烯醇的的酯化度(即重复单元B与所有重复单元(重复单元A、B及C)的当量比。可由重复单元A、B、C的CH2的H信号(δ=1.2-1.8)面积积分、重复单元B的CH3的H信号(δ=2.0-1.8)面积积分以及重复单元C的CH3的H信号(δ=3.2)面积积分进行计算所得),并计算重复单元A、B及C的重量百分比,结果如表5所示。由NMR重复单元C其CH3(δ=3.2)的H信号积分数,可计算改性聚乙烯醇的亲水基团接枝率,重复单元B其CH3(δ=1.8-2.0)的H信号积分数,可计算改性聚乙烯醇的酯化度,并进一步推算改性聚乙烯醇(9)-(11)的分子量,则可计算重复单元A、B及C重量百分比。
表5
实施例12
将改性聚乙烯醇(3)进一步导入疏水基团,反应步骤如下:取50g改性聚乙烯醇(3)(由实施例3所制备)加入一反应瓶中,并加入256mL二甲基亚砜(dimethyl sulfoxide、DMSO)作为溶剂。接着,加热反应瓶至100℃搅拌2小时,使改性聚乙烯醇(3)均匀溶解于二甲基亚砜中。接着,将反应瓶降至室温,并加入6.2mL异氰酸苯酯(phenyl isocyanate)。搅拌均匀后,将反应瓶加热至90℃下反应22小时。使用乙醚进行沉淀纯化,接着进行透析纯化,得到改性聚乙烯醇(12),其具有重复单元重复单元重复单元(n>1,且基团的分子量约为1900)以及重复单元且重复单元A、B、C及D以无规方式重复。上述反应的反应物用量如表6所示。
实施例13
将改性聚乙烯醇(3)进一步导入疏水基团,反应步骤如下:取50g改性聚乙烯醇(3)(由实施例3所制备)加入一反应瓶中,并加入257mL二甲基亚砜(dimethyl sulfoxide、DMSO)作为溶剂。接着,加热反应瓶至100℃搅拌2小时,使改性聚乙烯醇(3)均匀溶解于二甲基亚砜中。接着,将反应瓶降至室温,并加入8.2mL异氰酸萘酯(naphthyl isocyanate)。搅拌均匀后,将反应瓶加热至90℃下反应22小时。使用乙醚沉淀纯化,接着进行透析纯化,得到改性聚乙烯醇(13),其具有重复单元重复单元重复单元(n>1,且基团的分子量约为1900)以及重复单元且重复单元A、B、C及D以无规方式重复。上述反应的反应物用量如表6所示。
表6
接着,测量实施例12-13所制备的改性聚乙烯醇(12)及(13)的核磁共振(NMR)光谱,判断疏水基团(N-苯基氨基甲酸脂基、或N-萘基氨基甲酸脂基)的接枝率(即重复单元D与所有重复单元(重复单元A、B、C及D)的当量比。而重复单元A、B、C及D的单量可由核磁共振(NMR)光谱的氢信号面积积分换算而得:δ=1.2-1.8为重复单元A、B、C及D其CH2的H信号;δ=1.8-2.0为重复单元B其CH3的H信号;δ=3.23为重复单元C其CH3的H信号;δ=3.55-4.1为重复单元A其CH的H信号;δ=4.2-5.2为重复单元A其OH的H信号以及重复单元B其CH的H信号;以及δ=7.0-8.5为重复单元D其芳香环的H信号),并计算重复单元A、B、C及D的重量百分比,结果如表7所示。重复单元A、B、C及D重量百分比计算方式由NMR光谱积分面积所测量的接枝率做推算。由NMR重复单元C其CH3(δ=3.23)的H信号积分数,可计算改性聚乙烯醇的亲水基团接枝率,重复单元B其CH3(δ=1.8-2.0)的H信号积分数,可计算改性聚乙烯醇的酯化度,重复单元D其芳香环(δ=7.0-8.0)的H信号积分数,可计算改性聚乙烯醇的疏水基团接枝率,并进一步推算改性聚乙烯醇(12)-(13)的分子量,则可计算重复单元A、B及C重量百分比。
表7
实施例14
将甲氧基聚乙二醇预聚物(4)(由制备例7所述方式制备而得,使用200.0g甲氧基聚乙二醇(methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)、分子量1900)及23.7g二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(methylene diphenyl diisocyanate、MDI)、68.9g酯化度20%的聚醋酸乙烯酯(polyvinylacetate、PVAc、分子量约为10,000-12,000)以及620mL二甲基亚砜(dimethyl sulfoxide、DMSO)加入于一反应瓶中。待均匀混合后,将反应瓶加热至60℃。反应16小时后,将反应瓶降温至室温,并加入大量乙醚(ether)于反应瓶中,搅拌1小时,静置并待产物沉淀析出。接着,将沉淀物后置于真空烘箱中以80℃烘烤以除去溶剂。接着,将所得产物再以超过滤系统进行纯化,得到改性聚乙烯醇(14),其具有重复单元重复单元以及重复单元(n>1,且此基团的分子量约为1900Dalton),且重复单元A、B及C以无规方式重复。
接着,测量改性聚乙烯醇的核磁共振(NMR)光谱,判断所得改性聚乙烯醇(14)的的酯化度(即重复单元B与所有重复单元(重复单元A、B及C)的当量比。可由重复单元A、B、C的CH2的H信号(δ=1.2-1.8)面积积分、重复单元B的CH3的H信号(δ=2.0-1.8)面积积分以及重复单元C的CH3的H信号(δ=3.2)面积积分进行计算所得),并计算重复单元A、B及C的重量百分比,结果如表8所示。由NMR重复单元C其CH3(δ=3.2)的H信号积分数,可计算改性聚乙烯醇的亲水基团接枝率,重复单元B其CH3(δ=1.8-2.0)的H信号积分数,可计算改性聚乙烯醇的酯化度,并进一步推算改性聚乙烯醇的分子量,则可计算重复单元A、B及C重量百分比。
表8
临界微胞浓度分析
实施例15
对本发明实施例所制备的改性聚乙烯醇进行临界微胞浓度分析,分析步骤如下:首先,以丙酮(acetone)溶解芘(pyrene)固体,配置浓度为1.8×10-4M的含芘丙酮溶液。将实施例2-3、9-11所制备的改性聚乙烯醇(2)-(3)及(9)-(11)分别加入去离子水中,配置成含改性聚乙烯醇的水溶液(浓度为2mg/mL)。接着,将上述含改性聚乙烯醇的水溶液以50%稀释方式将前述样品依序稀释至6×10-5mg/ml等15种浓度的5mL水溶液。接着,分别加入15μl上述含芘丙酮溶液,混合均匀后,避光静置16小时,真空抽除丙酮。接下来使用荧光光谱仪,以波长设定339nm,扫描放光波长于360-500nm的光谱信息,纪录最大荧光吸收强度波长。接着,将浓度log值对最大荧光吸收强度值作图,找出荧光光谱吸收强度变异起始点为临界微胞浓度(critical micelle concentration、CMC),结果如表9所示。
表9
临界微胞浓度(mg/mL) | |
改性聚乙烯醇(2) | 0.38 |
改性聚乙烯醇(3) | 0.31 |
改性聚乙烯醇(9) | 0.49 |
改性聚乙烯醇(10) | 0.16 |
改性聚乙烯醇(11) | 0.10 |
由表9可知,本发明所述的改性聚乙烯醇聚合物,皆可形成微胞,其疏水端形成的核心部分可提供疏水性药物稳定置放的场所。
溶解度分析
实施例16
对本发明实施例所制备的改性聚乙烯醇在不同溶剂下进行溶解度的分析,分析步骤如下:首先,将实施例1-3、5、7-8及10-13所制备的改性聚乙烯醇(1)-(3)、(5)、(7)-(8)及(10)-(13)分别加入去离子水(DIW)、乙醇(EtOH)、二氯甲烷(dichloromethane、DCM)及二甲基亚砜(DMSO)中,配置成浓度为10wt%的溶液。观察改性聚乙烯醇在溶液中的溶解状况,结果如表10所示。
表10
由表10可知,本发明所述的改性聚乙烯醇聚合物,皆可溶于水中,此有助于药物释放。当酯化度提高时,可增加于乙醇与二氯甲烷的溶解度。当修饰上疏水基团,于水中的溶解度下降。
实施例17
将实施例5所制备的改性聚乙烯醇(5)、市售聚乙烯醇共聚物(商品编号为kollicoat IR、由BASF制造出售)及酯化度20%的聚醋酸乙烯酯(polyvinyl acetate、PVAc、分子量约为10,000-12,000),分别在室温下加入去离子水,观察其溶解情形。本发明所述改性聚乙烯醇(5)完全溶解于水中,呈一澄清液体;市售聚乙烯醇共聚物(kollicoatIR),仍有少量固体未溶解;而酯化度20%的聚醋酸乙烯酯溶解度最差,仍有部份固体未溶解。溶解速度与溶解度结果如表11所示。
表11
由表11可知,改性聚乙烯醇(5)较市售聚乙烯醇共聚物及酯化度20%的聚醋酸乙烯酯的溶解速率快,可预期材料在人体肠胃道的水相环境中,崩散速率较快,药物的作用起始时间较快。而改性聚乙烯醇(5)较市售聚乙烯醇共聚物及酯化度20%的聚醋酸乙烯酯的饱和浓度高,显示其亲水性质较佳。即便使用较多的改性聚乙烯醇(5)作为辅料,仍可均匀溶解于肠胃道的水相环境中,有助于药物的分散。
热性质分析
实施例18
利用差示扫描量热仪(differential scanning calorimeter、DSC)以及热重量分析仪(thermogravimetric analyzer、TGA)测量实施例所制备的改性聚乙烯醇(2)、(9)、(10)及(11)的5%热失重(5%weight loss)温度以及热裂解温度(thermal degradationtemperature、Td),结果如表12所示。
表12
由表12可知,本发明所述的改性聚乙烯醇聚合物,热裂解温度高,熔点也高于室温,显示于室温(25℃)时材料热稳定性高。
结合能力评估
实施例19
将实施例1-3及9所制备的改性聚乙烯醇(1)、(3)及(9)以及市售辅料VA64(由BASF制造出售)分别与不良水溶解度的活性医药成分(API、在此实施例为非诺贝特(fenofibrate))混合,并以造粒法形成锭剂(改性聚乙烯醇为4wt%)。接着,将上述锭剂同时置入崩散测定仪(disintegration tester)中进行崩散度测试,通过崩散时间评估改性聚乙烯醇作为辅料的结合能力,结果参照图1。以VA64的崩散时间(disintegration time)作为指标,其崩散时间约13.8分钟,而本发明所述的改性聚乙烯醇聚合物相较于VA64来说其崩散时间确实延长(约1.5倍-5倍)。此表示本申请显示所述的改性聚乙烯醇作为辅料时具有高的结合能力,且以改性聚乙烯醇(2)最佳。
直接助溶能力评估
实施例20
将实施例2、3-5、8及9-12所制备的改性聚乙烯醇(2)、(3)-(5)及(8)-(12)、市售辅料VA64(由BASF制造出售)及乙酰基琥珀酸羟丙基甲基纤维素(hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose acetate succinate、HPMC-AS)分别与活性医药成分(API)(分别为非诺贝特(fenofibrate)、阿瑞吡坦(aprepitant)、奈韦拉平(nevirapine)、格列本脲(glyburide)、索拉非尼(sorafenib)、维罗非尼(vemurafenib)及特拉匹韦(telaprevir))混合并溶于水中(活性医药成分与辅料的比例为1:10),置于25℃下的恒温水槽内进行超音波震荡,使活性医药成分及辅料于溶剂中溶解,形成平衡状态。接着,取出一定量的溶液以含量测定法(HPLC-UV)测定溶液中溶质量,利用检测到活性医药成分的波峰面积(peakarea)进行比较,结果如表13所示。
表13
备注ND:未检测到
由表13可知,本发明所述的改性聚乙烯醇聚合物作为辅料,均具有直接助溶效果。
固态分散法的助溶能力评估
实施例21
将实施例2、3及9所制备的改性聚乙烯醇(2)、(3)及(9)及乙酰基琥珀酸羟丙基甲基纤维素(hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose acetate succinate、HPMC-AS)分别与活性医药成分(API)非诺贝特(fenofibrate)混合并溶于甲醇(methanol)中(活性医药成分与辅料的比例为1:2),经由固态分散的方式处理后得到粉体。接着,将所得粉体再回溶于水中,置于25℃下的恒温水槽内进行超音波震荡,使活性医药成分及辅料于溶剂中溶解,形成平衡状态。接着,取出一定量的溶液以含量测定法(HPLC-UV)测定溶液中溶质量,利用检测到活性医药成分的波峰面积(peak area)进行比较(以HPMC-AS的波峰面积作为指标),结果参照图2。由图2可知,本发明所述的改性聚乙烯醇其助溶效果皆比HPMC-AS来得高(溶解度增加约为2.5倍-10倍)。此表示本申请显示所述的改性聚乙烯醇作为辅料时具有高的助溶能力,且以改性聚乙烯醇(2)最佳。
此外,将实施例3-5、8及9-12所制备的改性聚乙烯醇(3)-(5)、(8)及(9)-(12)及乙酰基琥珀酸羟丙基甲基纤维素(hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose acetate succinate、HPMC-AS)分别与活性医药成分(API)阿瑞吡坦(aprepitant)混合并溶于乙醇(ethanol)中(活性医药成分与辅料的比例为1:1),经由固态分散的方式处理后得到粉体。接着,将所得粉体再回溶于水中,置于25℃下的恒温水槽内进行超音波震荡,使活性医药成分及辅料于溶剂中溶解,形成平衡状态。接着,取出一定量的溶液以含量测定法(HPLC-UV)测定溶液中溶质量,利用检测到活性医药成分的波峰面积(peak area)进行比较(以HPMC-AS的波峰面积作为指标),结果参照图3。由图3可知,本发明所述的改性聚乙烯醇其助溶效果皆比HPMC-AS来得高(溶解度增加约为2倍-30倍)。此表示本申请显示所述的改性聚乙烯醇作为辅料时具有高的助溶能力,且以改性聚乙烯醇(3)最佳。
细胞存活率分析
实施例22
将实施例2所制备的改性聚乙烯醇(2)溶于水中,制备成浓度为10mg/mL的水溶液,并根据ISO 10993-5进行细胞毒性测试,评估本发明所述的改性聚乙烯醇对于细胞存活率的影响。参照图4,当改性聚乙烯醇(2)浓度越高时造成细胞存活率越低,但此非为因材料毒性而造成,而改性聚乙烯醇(2)本身为高分子结构,当浓度越高黏稠度越高,导致细胞无法呼吸而造成死亡。
接着,将实施例2、3-5、8及9-12所制备的改性聚乙烯醇(1)-(3)、(5)、(8)-(9)及(12)、市售辅料VA64(由BASF制造出售)及乙酰基琥珀酸羟丙基甲基纤维素(hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose acetate succinate、HPMC-AS)分别溶于水中,制备浓度为10mg/mL的水溶液,并根据ISO 10993-5进行细胞毒性测试,评估该些辅料及本发明所述的改性聚乙烯醇对于细胞存活率的影响,结果参照图5。由图5可知,该些改性聚乙烯醇水溶液的细胞存活率皆大于80%,因此本发明所述的改性聚乙烯醇并无显著细胞毒性表现。
致突变性评估
实施例23
利用艾姆氏测试法(Ames test、所使用的菌株为Sal.Typhimurium TA98及Sal.Typhimurium TA100)对不同浓度的实施例2、3、5、8、9及12所制备的改性聚乙烯醇(2)、(3)、(5)、(8)、(9)及(12)进行突变性的安全性评估(无添加代谢活化酵素混合物S9),并与阴性对照组(二甲基亚砜,DMSO、100μL/板)及阳性对照组(4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine,NOPD、100μL/板)相比较,结果如表14所示。
表14
此外,利用艾姆氏测试法(Ames test、所使用的菌株为Sal.Typhimurium TA98及Sal.Typhimurium TA100)对不同浓度的实施例2、5、8、9及12所制备的改性聚乙烯醇(2)、(5)、(8)、(9)及(12)进行突变性的安全性评估(添加代谢活化酵素混合物S9),并与阴性对照组(二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、100μL/板)及阳性对照组(苯并芘((+)Benzo[α]pyrene)、100μL/板)相比较,结果如表15所示。
表15
由表14及15可知,该些改性聚乙烯醇的回复突变菌落数(No.of survivingcolonies/板)均在正常范围内(即回复突变菌落数小于自然回复突变数2倍以内)。因此,本发明所述的改性聚乙烯醇在所选取的浓度范围内,无论不添加或有添加代谢活化酵素混合物(S9)对S.typhimurium TA98及TA100均不具致突变性。
综合上述,本发明所述的聚合物,由于具有助溶能力,可进一步作为辅料,改善BCSII类药物在体内的溶离及吸收,因此可在不改变药物形态下,提高药物的生体可利用率(bio-availability、BA)。另一方面,除助溶功能外,本发明所述的聚合物也可提供医药组合物如崩散、黏合等功能,可降低固体制剂中赋型剂的使用量,更可缩小药物体积、降低对人体造成的不良药物反应。再者,本发明所述的聚合物不具有生物毒性及致突变性。
虽然本发明已以实施例揭露如上,然其并非用以限定本发明,任何所属技术领域中普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,可作些许修改与改变,故本发明的保护范围当视权利要求书所界定者为准。
Claims (18)
1.一种聚合物,包含第一重复单元、第二重复单元以及第三重复单元,其中该第一重复单元是该第二重复单元是其中R1是C1-6烷基;以及,该第三重复单元是其中X是 且以及Y是亲水性高分子基团,
其中该亲水性高分子基团是聚乙二醇基团、甲基聚乙二醇基团、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮基团、聚丙烯酸基团、或聚甲基丙烯酸基团,
其中该亲水性高分子基团的接枝率是0.1%至10%,
其中该第一重复单元具有一重量百分比介于5-50wt%、该第二重复单元具有一重量百分比介于10-55wt%以及该第三重复单元具有一重量百分比介于25-75wt%,以该第一重复单元、该第二重复单元以及该第三重复单元的总重为基准,其中当X是时,第三重复单元是
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚合物,其中该亲水性高分子基团的分子量是500至100,000道尔顿。
3.根据权利要求1所述的聚合物,其中该第三重复单元是 其中n>1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的聚合物,其中R1是甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、戊基、或己基。
5.根据权利要求1所述的聚合物,其中该聚合物的分子量是5,000至500,000道尔顿。
6.根据权利要求1所述的聚合物,其中该第二重复单元是
7.根据权利要求6所述的聚合物,其中该聚合物的酯化度是10%至85%。
8.根据权利要求1所述的聚合物,更包含第四重复单元,其中该第四重复单元是其中Z是疏水性基团。
9.根据权利要求8所述的聚合物,其中该疏水性基团是苯基、萘基、或C4-C20烷基。
10.根据权利要求8所述的聚合物,其中该疏水性基团是聚酯基团。
11.根据权利要求10所述的聚合物,其中该聚酯基团的分子量是500至5,000道尔顿。
12.根据权利要求10所述的聚合物,其中该聚酯基团是聚己内酯基团、聚乳酸基团、聚甘醇酸基团、或聚乳酸聚甘醇酸基团。
13.根据权利要求8所述的聚合物,其中该第一重复单元具有一重量百分比介于5-40wt%、该第二重复单元具有一重量百分比介于10-50wt%、该第三重复单元具有一重量百分比介于25-70wt%以及该第四重复单元具有一重量百分比介于5-50wt%,以该第一重复单元、该第二重复单元、该第三重复单元以及该第四重复单元的总重为基准。
14.根据权利要求8所述的聚合物,其中该疏水性基团的接枝率是0.1%至10%。
15.一种医药组合物,包含:
生物活性成分;以及
辅料,其中该辅料包含权利要求1所述的聚合物。
16.根据权利要求15所述的医药组合物,其中该生物活性成分是脂溶性药物。
17.根据权利要求16所述的医药组合物,其中该生物活性成分是非固醇抗发炎药物、精神科药物、降血脂药物、止吐药物、或其组合。
18.根据权利要求16所述的医药组合物,其中该生物活性成分是布洛芬、萘普生、酮洛芬、氟比洛芬、非诺洛芬、舒洛芬、氟洛芬、芬布芬、托麦汀钠、佐美酸、舒林酸、吲哚美辛、甲芬那酸、甲氯芬那酸、二氟尼柳、氟苯柳、吡罗昔康、舒多昔康、伊索昔康、氯苯那敏、溴苯拉敏、右氯苯那敏、右溴苯拉敏、曲普立定、氯环嗪、苯海拉明、多西拉敏、曲吡那敏、环丙利多、溴苯海拉明、苯茚胺、吡拉明、阿扎他定、阿伐斯汀、阿司咪唑、氮卓斯汀、西替利嗪、依巴斯汀、非索非那定、酮替芬、卡比沙明、地氯雷他定、氯雷他定、苯拉敏、松齐拉敏、咪唑斯汀、特非那定、氯苯达诺、卡拉美芬、右美沙芬、可待因、氢可酮、伪麻黄碱、麻黄碱、脱羟肾上腺素、愈创木酚甘油醚、愈创木酚磺酸钾、塞来考昔、罗非考昔、伐地考昔、对乙酰氨基酚、非纳西汀、阿司匹林、阿立哌唑、非诺贝特、阿瑞吡坦、奈韦拉平、格列本脲、索拉非尼、维罗非尼及特拉匹韦、或其组合。
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