CN105732935B - A kind of preparation method of microporous polyurethane elastomer - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of microporous polyurethane elastomer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105732935B
CN105732935B CN201410756313.XA CN201410756313A CN105732935B CN 105732935 B CN105732935 B CN 105732935B CN 201410756313 A CN201410756313 A CN 201410756313A CN 105732935 B CN105732935 B CN 105732935B
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preparation
polyurethane elastomer
chain extender
microporous polyurethane
alcohol
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CN105732935A (en
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李明英
范春晓
闫贺佳
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SHANGHAI CARTHANE POLYURETHANE Co.,Ltd.
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SHANGHAI CARTHANE CO Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses the processing steps such as a kind of preparation method of microporous polyurethane elastomer, including the preparation of performed polymer, the preparation of chain extender, cast and post curing.The product prepared by the method for the invention can reduce the endogenous heat of material, improve dynamic fatigue property and increase service life, can further expand application field, be used primarily in the shock absorption system of automobile, bridge and elevator.

Description

A kind of preparation method of microporous polyurethane elastomer
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of microporous polyurethane elastomer, it is mainly used for subtracting for automobile bridge and elevator Shake system.
Background technology
Microporous polyurethane elastomer, also known as foaming polyurethanes elastomer have good mechanical property, abrasion performance, oil resistant, resistance to tear It splits, is resistant to chemical etching, the excellent properties, especially MDI type polyurethanes micro-pore elastomer such as resistance to ray radiation, cementability are good, steaming Vapour pressure, hypotoxicity is small, therefore for many years, and people are being dedicated to always the exploitation of MDI type polyurethanes, on occupation rate of market is continuous It rises.
Since microporous polyurethane elastomer polar groups are more, intramolecular force and intermolecular active force are larger, then add Upper other factors for interfering singly-bound to rotate freely that may be present so that the ess-strain of microporous polyurethane elastomer cannot moment Reach balance, shows as hysteresis under alternate stress effect, cause endogenous heat, so that material internal temperature is increased suddenly, sternly Ghost image rings the performance of product.
It is slow that Chinese patent CN102304214B disclosed a kind of automobile microvoid polyurethane damping on 03 13rd, 2013 The preparation method for rushing block, using the polyester lactone polyols that molecular weight is 6000-10000 as raw material, and in polyether polyol Middle introducing 2 ± 0.5Wt.% nano calcium carbonate micro powders improve the dynamic endurance and comprehensive mechanical property of product, are preparing It needs that acetone equal solvent is added in journey, acetone toxicity is big compared with ethyl alcohol, and the molecular weight of polyester lactone is larger, in use Viscosity is larger, and energy consumption is relatively more, and the present invention is that have selected molecular weight be 1000~3000 polyalcohol, and auxiliary agent is second Alcohol, and be nano-calcium carbonate additive amount 5~10%, production cost can be not only reduced, but also the interior of material can be reduced Heat improves service life under severe conditions, optimizes the dynamic fatigue property of material.
Invention content
For the above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, according to an embodiment of the invention, it is desirable to propose a kind of microporous polyurethane elasticity The preparation method of body, it is intended to solve to be mainly used for 4,4- methyl diphenylene diisocyanates (MDI) type polyurethane in buffer stopper Endogenous heat in micro-pore elastomer reduces endogenous heat, improves its dynamic fatigue resistance energy.It is provided by the invention according to embodiment A kind of preparation method of microporous polyurethane elastomer, innovative point is, including following steps:
(1) preparation of performed polymer:It is 1 by mass ratio:The ethyl alcohol of (1~2) and the nano-calcium carbonate that grain size is 10~100nm It is added in reaction kettle and is added surface conditioning agent, the mass ratio of nano-calcium carbonate and surface conditioning agent is 100:(1.5~2), add Heat is stirred until homogeneous dispersion to 40 DEG C, adds polyalcohol, and the mass ratio of polyalcohol and nano-calcium carbonate is 100:(5~10), Stirring, vacuumizes, excessive polyisocyanates is added, reacted 1.5~3 hours under conditions of 70~90 DEG C, forms end-NCO The performed polymer of base content≤10%;
(2) preparation of chain extender:By small molecule dihydric alcohol, water, siloxane foams stabilizer and catalyst, uniformly mixing is matched Chain extender is made;
(3) it pours into a mould:By performed polymer and chain extender by weight 100:(5~12) after mixing, implantation temperature is 60~95 DEG C Mold in, demoulded after precuring;
(4) post curing:By the product after demoulding at 100~110 DEG C post curing 13~16 hours, be made microporous polyurethane Elastomer.
It is more described in step (1) in the preparation method of aforementioned microporous polyurethane elastomer of the invention according to one embodiment First alcohol is polytetrahydrofuran polyol, polyether polyol, polycaprolactone polyol, polyester ether polylol, polycarbonate polyol One or both of composition mixture.
It is more described in step (1) in the preparation method of aforementioned microporous polyurethane elastomer of the invention according to one embodiment The number-average molecular weight of first alcohol is 1000~3000, degree of functionality 2.
According to one embodiment, in the preparation method of aforementioned microporous polyurethane elastomer of the invention, step (1) described polyisocyanate Cyanate is 4,4- methyl diphenylene diisocyanates.
According to one embodiment, in the preparation method of aforementioned microporous polyurethane elastomer of the invention, surface conditioning agent is single Oxyalkyl titanate coupling agent or aluminate coupling agent.
According to one embodiment, in the preparation method of aforementioned microporous polyurethane elastomer of the invention, in step (1), it is added Mixing speed is 150 turns/min after polyalcohol, and mixing time is 15~30min.
According to one embodiment, in the preparation method of aforementioned microporous polyurethane elastomer of the invention, in chain extender, small molecule The molecular weight of dihydric alcohol is 62-200, and the dosage of small molecule dihydric alcohol is the 84~97% of chain extender gross mass;The dosage of water is The 0.5~4% of chain extender gross mass, preferably 1~4%;The dosage of siloxane foams stabilizer be chain extender gross mass 0.5~ 2.0%;Catalyst is triethylene diamine, bis- (dimethylaminoethyl) ethers, stannous octoate or dibutyl tin laurate, Huo Zheqi His amine or organometallic catalysts.Siloxane foams stabilizer determines microcellular structure ingredient in chain extender.
According to one embodiment, in the preparation method of aforementioned microporous polyurethane elastomer of the invention, small molecule dihydric alcohol is One or both of ethylene glycol, 1,3- propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,4- butanediols, 1,6-HD and diglycol Mixture.
Compared with the existing technology, subsequent embodiment and test example will demonstrate that, the present invention uses molecular weight 1000~3000 Polyalcohol, have the low dispersion for being more advantageous to nano-calcium carbonate of viscosity, nano-calcium carbonate is with quantum size effect and table Face effect, the nano-calcium carbonate surface that surface treated is crossed is active, advantageous to the microphase-separated of polyurethane so that polyurethane Material rub between soft segment in dynamic fatigue generation heat reduce, further reduced the endogenous heat of material, Jin Eryan The service life of long microporous polyurethane elastomer.
Specific implementation mode
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.These embodiments are interpreted as being merely to illustrate this hair It is bright rather than limit the scope of the invention.After having read the content of the invention recorded, those skilled in the art can To be made various changes or modifications to the present invention, these equivalence changes and modification equally fall into model defined by the claims in the present invention It encloses.
Embodiment 1
By ethyl alcohol and nano-calcium carbonate according to 1:1 mass ratio is added in reaction kettle, and nano-calcium carbonate quality is added 1.5% surface conditioning agent Aluminate is with single oxyalkyl titanate coupling agent according to 1:2 ratio row are mixed and heated to 40 DEG C, continue Stir 30min.The polycaprolactone diols of number-average molecular weight 2000 is added in nano-calcium carbonate system, according to nano-calcium carbonate The amount that calcium amount accounts for polycaprolactone diols is 5% addition, stirs 20min, vacuumizes, heats up, according to end-NCO%=after 3 hours 4,4- methyl diphenylene diisocyanates are added in 8% amount, and performed polymer is made.
1,4-butanediol 100g, water 2g, foam stabiliser 2g, catalyst 0.3g are uniformly mixed by the preparation of chain extender.
Performed polymer and chain extender are that the ratio of component is 100:8.
It is mixed by low-pressure blowing machine mixing performed polymer and chain extender component, is poured into the in-mold molding of 90 DEG C of temperature, After demoulding in 110 DEG C of baking oven 15 hours of post curing.Then carry out post curing processing, test dynamic fatigue in temperature rise and Other performances.
Embodiment 2
The content of nano-calcium carbonate in embodiment 1 is replaced with 8%, is added to the poly- tetrahydrochysene that number-average molecular weight is 3000 In furans dihydric alcohol, 30min is stirred, vacuumizes, heat up, after 3 hours, excessive 4,4- diphenylmethane diisocyanates are added The performed polymer of-NCO%=7% is made in ester.
Preparing chain extender component is:1,4-butanediol 100g, water 1.5g, foam stabiliser 2g, catalyst 0.3g mixing are equal It is even.
Performed polymer and chain extender are that the ratio of component is 100:7.
Performed polymer and chain extender component are uniformly mixed by low-pressure blowing machine, be poured into the mold of 90 DEG C of temperature at Type, after demoulding in 110 DEG C of baking oven 15 hours of post curing.Then post curing processing is carried out, the temperature in dynamic fatigue is tested Liter and other performances.
Embodiment 3
By ethyl alcohol and nano-calcium carbonate according to 1:2 mass ratio is added in reaction kettle, and the 2% of nano-calcium carbonate quality is added Single oxyalkyl titanate esters be heated to 40 DEG C, continue stir 30min.The polyether Glycols of number-average molecular weight 2000 are added to and are received In rice calcium carbonate system, the amount that polyether Glycols are accounted for according to nano-calcium carbonate amount is 6% addition, stirs 20min, vacuumizes, rises 4,4- methyl diphenylene diisocyanates are added according to the amount of end-NCO%=10% after 3 hours in temperature, and performed polymer is made.
The preparation of chain extender, by 1,4-butanediol 95g, diglycol 5g, water 3g, foam stabiliser 2g, catalyst 0.3g is uniformly mixed.
Performed polymer and chain extender are that the ratio of component is 100:10.
Performed polymer and chain extender component are uniformly mixed by low-pressure blowing machine, be poured into the mold of 90 DEG C of temperature at Type, after demoulding in 110 DEG C of baking oven 15 hours of post curing.Then post curing processing is carried out, the temperature in dynamic fatigue is tested Liter and other performances.
Embodiment 4
By ethyl alcohol and nano-calcium carbonate according to 1:1.8 mass ratio is added in reaction kettle, and nano-calcium carbonate quality is added 2% single oxyalkyl titanate coupling agent is heated to 40 DEG C, continues to stir 30min.By the polyether ester two of number-average molecular weight 2000 First alcohol is added in nano-calcium carbonate system, and the amount that polyether ester dihydric alcohol is accounted for according to nano-calcium carbonate amount is 5% addition, stirring 15min vacuumizes, heats up, and 4,4- methyl diphenylene diisocyanates, system is added according to the amount of end-NCO%=8% after 3 hours Obtain performed polymer.
Chain extender component 1,4-butanediol 100g, water 2.5g, foam stabiliser 2g is prepared, catalyst 0.3g is uniformly mixed. Performed polymer and chain extender are that the ratio of component is 100:8.
Performed polymer and chain extender component are uniformly mixed by low-pressure blowing machine, be poured into the mold of 90 DEG C of temperature at Type, after demoulding in 110 DEG C of baking oven 15 hours of post curing.Then post curing processing is carried out, the temperature in dynamic fatigue is tested Liter and other performances.
Embodiment 5
By ethyl alcohol and nano-calcium carbonate according to 1:1.5 mass ratio is added in reaction kettle, and nano-calcium carbonate quality is added 1.5% aluminate coupling agent is heated to 40 DEG C, continues to stir 30min.The polyether ester dihydric alcohol of number-average molecular weight 2000 is added Enter into nano-calcium carbonate system, the amount that polyether ester dihydric alcohol is accounted for according to nano-calcium carbonate amount is 9% addition, stirs 15min, is taken out 4,4- methyl diphenylene diisocyanates are added according to the amount of end-NCO%=5% after 3 hours in vacuum, heating, and pre-polymerization is made Body.
Prepare chain extender component 1,4-butanediol 90g, 1,3-PD 10g, water 1g, foam stabiliser 2g, catalyst 0.3g is uniformly mixed.Performed polymer and chain extender are that the ratio of component is 100:5.
Performed polymer and chain extender component are uniformly mixed by low-pressure blowing machine, be poured into the mold of 90 DEG C of temperature at Type, after demoulding in 110 DEG C of baking oven 15 hours of post curing.Then post curing processing is carried out, the temperature in dynamic fatigue is tested Liter and other performances.
Embodiment 6
By ethyl alcohol and nano-calcium carbonate according to 1:1.5 mass ratio is added in reaction kettle, and nano-calcium carbonate quality is added 1.5% single oxyalkyl titanate coupling agent is heated to 40 DEG C, continues to stir 30min.By the poly- tetrahydrochysene of number-average molecular weight 2000 Furans dihydric alcohol is added in nano-calcium carbonate system, and the amount that PolyTHF dihydric alcohol is accounted for according to nano-calcium carbonate amount is 7% Addition stirs 25min, vacuumizes, heats up, different according to the amount of end-NCO%=9% addition 4,4- diphenyl methanes two after 3 hours Performed polymer is made in cyanate.
Chain extender component 1,4-butanediol 100g, water 4g, foam stabiliser 2g is prepared, catalyst 0.3g is uniformly mixed.In advance Aggressiveness and chain extender are that the ratio of component is 100:8.5.
Performed polymer and chain extender component are uniformly mixed by low-pressure blowing machine, be poured into the mold of 90 DEG C of temperature at Type, after demoulding in 110 DEG C of baking oven 15 hours of post curing.Then post curing processing is carried out, the temperature in dynamic fatigue is tested Liter and other performances.
Comparative example 1
After vacuumizing 2 hours, excessive 4,4- hexichol is added in the PolyTHF dihydric alcohol for being 2000 by number-average molecular weight The performed polymer of-NCO%=7% is made in dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate.
Chain extender component 1,4-butanediol 100g, water 2g, foam stabiliser 2g is prepared, catalyst 0.3g is uniformly mixed.In advance Aggressiveness and chain extender are that the ratio of component is 100:6.
Be uniformly mixed by low-pressure blowing machine mixing performed polymer and chain extender component, be poured into the mold of 90 DEG C of temperature at Type, after demoulding in 110 DEG C of baking oven 15 hours of post curing.Then post curing processing is carried out, the temperature in dynamic fatigue is tested Liter and other performances.
The performance test of above-described embodiment 1-6 and comparative example 1 is as shown in table 1.
As shown in table 1, in the frequency of 1.5HZ, the power of 6KN, under conditions of calm, embodiment 1-6 is after 200min Test body internal temperature has different degrees of reduction, and 2 dynamic fatigue rear profile internal temperature of embodiment is compared with comparative example 1 Reduce 5 DEG C, hence it is evident that reduce the endogenous heat of material, the service life of the material of raising.
As shown in table 1, by along product short transverse with the frequency of 2HZ, the 50% of compressed product height, recycle 10 altogether After ten thousand tests, height after product fatigue is surveyed, embodiment 1-6 increased compared with comparative example 1, and wherein embodiment 3 is more right Dynamic fatigue deformation quantity than embodiment 1 reduces 38.9%, and maintains the strength of materials, and then is reducing material endogenous heat While increase the comprehensive mechanical property of material.
Table 1

Claims (10)

1. a kind of preparation method of microporous polyurethane elastomer, characterized in that including following steps:
(1) preparation of performed polymer:It is 1 by mass ratio:The ethyl alcohol of (1~2) is added with the nano-calcium carbonate that grain size is 10~100nm In reaction kettle and it is added surface conditioning agent, the mass ratio of nano-calcium carbonate and surface conditioning agent is 100:(1.5~2), are heated to 40 DEG C, it is stirred until homogeneous dispersion, adds polyalcohol, the mass ratio of polyalcohol and nano-calcium carbonate is 100:(5~10), are stirred It mixes, vacuumizes, excessive polyisocyanates is added, reacted 1.5~3 hours under conditions of 70~90 DEG C, form end-NCO bases The performed polymer of content≤10%;The number-average molecular weight of the polyalcohol is 1000~2000;
(2) preparation of chain extender:Small molecule dihydric alcohol, water, siloxane foams stabilizer and catalyst are uniformly hybridly prepared into Chain extender;
(3) it pours into a mould:By performed polymer and chain extender by weight 100:(5~12) after mixing, implantation temperature is 60~95 DEG C of mould In tool, demoulded after precuring;
(4) post curing:By the product after demoulding, post curing 13~16 hours, obtained microporous polyurethane are elastic at 100~110 DEG C Body.
2. the preparation method of microporous polyurethane elastomer according to claim 1, characterized in that more described in step (1) First alcohol is one or both of polyether polyol, polycaprolactone polyol, polyester ether polylol, polycarbonate polyol composition Mixture.
3. the preparation method of microporous polyurethane elastomer according to claim 1, characterized in that more described in step (1) The degree of functionality of first alcohol is 2.
4. the preparation method of microporous polyurethane elastomer according to claim 1, characterized in that step (1) described polyisocyanate Cyanate is 4,4- methyl diphenylene diisocyanates.
5. the preparation method of microporous polyurethane elastomer according to claim 1, characterized in that surface conditioning agent is single oxygen Alkyl titanate coupling agent or aluminate coupling agent.
6. the preparation method of microporous polyurethane elastomer according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (1), be added more Mixing speed is 150 turns/min after first alcohol, and mixing time is 15~30min.
7. the preparation method of microporous polyurethane elastomer according to claim 1, characterized in that in chain extender, small molecule The molecular weight of dihydric alcohol is 62-200, and the dosage of small molecule dihydric alcohol is the 84~97% of chain extender gross mass;The dosage of water is The 0.5~4% of chain extender gross mass;The dosage of siloxane foams stabilizer is the 0.5~2.0% of chain extender gross mass;Catalysis Agent is triethylene diamine, bis- (dimethylaminoethyl) ethers, stannous octoate or dibutyl tin laurate.
8. the preparation method of microporous polyurethane elastomer according to claim 7, characterized in that small molecule dihydric alcohol is second One or both of glycol, 1,3- propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,4- butanediols, 1,6-HD and diglycol Mixture.
9. the preparation method of microporous polyurethane elastomer according to claim 7, characterized in that the dosage of water is chain extender The 1~4% of gross mass.
10. the preparation method of microporous polyurethane elastomer according to claim 1, characterized in that more described in step (1) First alcohol is polytetrahydrofuran polyol.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106317857B (en) * 2016-08-18 2019-09-17 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 The polyurethane elastomeric compositions and preparation method thereof of urea groups paraffin swarms body
EP3538580A1 (en) * 2016-11-14 2019-09-18 Basf Se Low-damping polyurethane elastomer
CN107868477A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-04-03 广州市白云化工实业有限公司 Dual-component polyurethane modified liquid silicon rubber and preparation method thereof
CN117124525A (en) * 2023-10-25 2023-11-28 河北铁科翼辰新材科技有限公司 Preparation method of fatigue-resistant polyurethane microporous elastomer backing plate

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