CN105725109A - Preparation method of fish scale glue and prepared fish scale glue - Google Patents
Preparation method of fish scale glue and prepared fish scale glue Download PDFInfo
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- CN105725109A CN105725109A CN201610070413.6A CN201610070413A CN105725109A CN 105725109 A CN105725109 A CN 105725109A CN 201610070413 A CN201610070413 A CN 201610070413A CN 105725109 A CN105725109 A CN 105725109A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J1/00—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites
- A23J1/04—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from fish or other sea animals
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of fish scale glue and the prepared fish scale glue.The method includes the steps that fish scale is placed in a caustic soda solution to be soaked for the first time; the soaked fish scale soaked for the first time is cleaned with clean water and then is placed in a mixed solution of acid protease and degreasing enzyme, and after pH is adjusted through acetic acid, second time of soaking is completed; the fish scale soaked for the second time is placed in a hydrochloric acid solution to be soaked for the third time; the fish scale soaked for the third time is placed in lime water to be soaked for the fourth time; the fish scale soaked for the fourth time is washed by acetic acid and water in sequence, the fish scale and water are boiled for the first time and then are filtered, boiled for the second time and then are filtered, and boiled for the third time and then are filtered in sequence, and a first boiled glue solution, a second boiled glue solution and a third boiled glue solution are obtained; the first boiled glue solution, the second boiled glue solution and the third boiled glue solution are mixed to be subjected to heating concentration, and the fish scale glue is obtained.The fish scale glue prepared through the method is good in appearance and meanwhile has good Brookfield viscosity and jelly strength.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to animal glue manufacture field, be specifically related to the preparation method of a kind of fish glue from scale and prepared fish glue from scale.
Background technology
Fish scale is the deformations of epidermis, and the scale on fish body substantially has three kinds: one is the plate gill ichthyomorphic wood placoid scale, and shark just belongs to this situation；The another kind of hard shell that cries, rhomboid, edge interconnects；The third is corneoscute common, the most common in Fish, in bony fish at most.Fish scale contains rich in protein and several mineral materials, is mainly made up of collagen protein and hydroxyapatite.Wherein Organic substance accounts for 41%～55%, and in the organic composition of fish scale except collagen, major part is the distinctive ichthylepidin of Fish and a small amount of keratoprotein, fat, pigment and phlegmatic temperament etc..Fish scale content of ashes is higher, accounts for 30%, and main component is hydroxyapatite, and the overwhelming majority concentrates on bone bed, and lipid content is few, for the primary raw material skin and the bone that produce at present collagen protein, and this extraction being more beneficial for collagen and purification.In aminoacid composition, Glycine Levels is high, and containing more aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine, proline, hydroxyproline.The mineral element that in fish scale, content is maximum is that Ca and P, Fe, Mg take second place.Compared with Margarita layer powder, the content of mineral substances of fish scale is higher, and various trace elements Cu therein etc. also has certain effect for reducing fat.The main component of fish glue from scale is collagen, and viscosity is significantly high, and gel strength exceedes general animal glue, is people's wide variety of a kind of animal glue in daily life and commercial production.Fish glue from scale contributes to digestion, it is possible to suppresses the protein such as milk, bean milk to cause cohesion because of gastric acid, is commonly used for canned food, ice cream, the gellant of mayonnaise, stabilizer, emulsifying agent or thickening agent etc. on food.The extracting method of fish glue from scale has two kinds, and first method is alkali (acid) method glue, and second method is that enzyme process carries glue.
The preparation method that Chinese patent CN1948411 discloses a kind of undenatured fish scale collagen, is characterized in soaking the NaCl solution of fish scale 5-15% 24-48 hour, stirring, filters；Soak 24-48 hour by the NaOH solution of 0.05-0.2M, stirring, filter；With the H of 15-50g/L<sub>2</sub>o<sub>2</sub>, it is 8-12 that NaOH regulates pH, soaks 24-36 hour, and distilled water embathes, and filters；Fish scale meat grinder is rubbed, naturally dries；Take rubbing fish scale 100 weight portion, soak 24-48 hour with the EDTA solution 1000-2000 weight portion of 0.1-2M, microwave oven output power 200-400W, operating frequency 2450MHz, radiate 10-20 minute, stirring, filter；Adding protease 1-5 part, with acid for adjusting pH=2-4, be 4-6 DEG C in temperature and soak 1-3 days, separate with centrifuge, removing filtering residue, the NaCl solution of clear liquid 0.5-5M is saltoutd, and precipitation is performing centrifugal separation on, with the acetic acid of 0.05-2M；So repeatedly saltout operation 3-5 time, then through film dialysis treatment 3 times, it is thus achieved that concentration is the undenatured fish scale collagen solution of 0.5-1%.
Chinese patent CN1075860 discloses a kind of fish glue from scale and preparation method thereof, and containing fish scale extracting solution and YIN nourishing drug matching in fish glue from scale, the step of making fish glue from scale specifically includes that a) goes raw meat, cold removing to process cleaning dry fish scale；B) fish scale is decocted in YIN nourishing drug matching decoction, filters.Fish glue from scale provided by the present invention, it is possible to play effect of the same nourishing yin and stopping bleeding such as Colla Plastri Testudinis, Colla Corii Asini, and in lung moistening, tonifying the lung, there is unique effects, it addition, its raw material sources are extensive, cheap, manufacture method is easy.
The fish glue from scale that traditional preparation method process is complicated, prepare often cannot obtain good performance.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems referred to above that prior art exists, the invention provides the preparation method of a kind of fish glue from scale and prepared fish glue from scale, the fish glue from scale not only outward appearance prepared through the present invention is good, and is provided simultaneously with well vigorous formula viscosity and gel strength.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
The preparation method that the present invention provides a kind of fish glue from scale, the method includes: be 1:(1.5-3 according to mass ratio) fish scale is put into soda bath completes the first immersion；Put in the mixed solution of acid protease that mass fraction is 0.1-0.5% and defatting enzyme after fish scale clean water after soaking first, after being 3-4 with second acid for adjusting pH, under 30-40 degree Celsius, complete the second immersion；The fish scale completing the second immersion is put in the hydrochloric acid solution that mass concentration is 1-5% and carries out the 3rd immersion；Put in the lime water that mass concentration is 0.2-0.5% and carry out the 4th immersion after completing the fish scale clean water of the 3rd immersion；The fish scale completing the 4th immersion is sequentially passed through 2-5 acetic acid wash with the washing of 2-5 time after, fish scale and water are sequentially carried out first boil after filter, second boil after filter and the 3rd boil after filter, obtain first boiling glue, second boiling glue and the 3rd and boil glue；Wherein, described first boil, second boil and the 3rd mass ratio respectively 1:(1.5-3 boiling middle fish scale and water), 1:(1.5-4) and 1:(2-3), described first boil, second boil with the 3rd condition boiled respectively 60 degrees Celsius boil 2-3h, 65 degrees Celsius boil 3-4h and 70 degrees Celsius boil 3-4h；Boil described first glue, second boil glue and the 3rd boil glue mixing after be heated concentration, obtain fish glue from scale.
Preferably, the described first time soaked was 5-30min, and the mass concentration of soda bath used is 4-10%.
Preferably, the mass ratio of described acid protease and defatting enzyme is (2-6): 1.
Preferably, described second immersion is 1:(2-3 according to solid-to-liquid ratio) soak 40min-2h.
Preferably, the described 3rd to soak be 1:(2-5 according to the mass ratio of fish scale and hydrochloric acid solution) fish scale is put into immersion 30min-6h in hydrochloric acid solution, and change hydrochloric acid solution and soak 3-5 time.
Preferably, described 4th immersion is 1:(1.5-3 according to solid-to-liquid ratio) soak 1-3h.
Preferably, described first boil, second boil and the 3rd mass ratio respectively 1:(1.8-2.5 boiling middle fish scale and water), 1:(2-3) and 1:(2.5-3), described first boil, second boil with the 3rd condition boiled respectively 60 degrees Celsius boil 2-2.5h, 65 degrees Celsius boil 3-3.5h and 70 degrees Celsius boil 3-3.5h.
Preferably, boil glue by described first, second boil and be concentrated into the 1/4-1/6 of initial mixed glue solution volume at 65-75 degrees Centigrade after glue and the 3rd boils glue mixing and obtain fish glue from scale.
According to weighing the fish glue from scale that method made above prepares.
The invention have the benefit that
One, fish glue from scale function admirable prepared by the present invention, it is provided simultaneously with well vigorous formula viscosity and gel strength.
Its two, the preparation method of the present invention is simple, the cheaper starting materials that uses is easy to get, is suitable for industrialized production.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, technical scheme will be described in detail below.Obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, other embodiments all that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise not making creative work, broadly fall into the scope that the present invention protects.
The preparation method that the present invention provides a kind of fish glue from scale, the method includes: be 1:(1.5-3 according to mass ratio) fish scale is put into soda bath completes the first immersion；Put in the mixed solution of acid protease that mass fraction is 0.1-0.5% and defatting enzyme after fish scale clean water after soaking first, after being 3-4 with second acid for adjusting pH, under 30-40 degree Celsius, complete the second immersion；The fish scale completing the second immersion is put in the hydrochloric acid solution that mass concentration is 1-5% and carries out the 3rd immersion；Put in the lime water that mass concentration is 0.2-0.5% and carry out the 4th immersion after completing the fish scale clean water of the 3rd immersion；The fish scale completing the 4th immersion is sequentially passed through 2-5 acetic acid wash with the washing of 2-5 time after, fish scale and water are sequentially carried out first boil after filter, second boil after filter and the 3rd boil after filter, obtain first boiling glue, second boiling glue and the 3rd and boil glue；Wherein, described first boil, second boil and the 3rd mass ratio respectively 1:(1.5-3 boiling middle fish scale and water), 1:(1.5-4) and 1:(2-3), described first boil, second boil with the 3rd condition boiled respectively 60 degrees Celsius boil 2-3h, 65 degrees Celsius boil 3-4h and 70 degrees Celsius boil 3-4h；Boil described first glue, second boil glue and the 3rd boil glue mixing after be heated concentration, obtain fish glue from scale.
According to the present invention, the described first time soaked can be 5-30min, and the mass concentration of soda bath used can be 4-10%.
According to the present invention, the mass ratio of described acid protease and defatting enzyme can be (2-6): 1.
According to the present invention, described second immersion can be 1:(2-3 according to solid-to-liquid ratio) soak 40min-2h.
According to the present invention, described 3rd immersion can be 1:(2-5 according to the mass ratio of fish scale and hydrochloric acid solution) fish scale is put into immersion 30min-6h in hydrochloric acid solution, and change hydrochloric acid solution immersion 3-5 time.
According to the present invention, described 4th immersion can be 1:(1.5-3 according to solid-to-liquid ratio) soak 1-3h.
According to the present invention, described first boil, second to boil the mass ratio boiling middle fish scale and water with the 3rd can be 1:(1.8-2.5 respectively), 1:(2-3) and 1:(2.5-3), described first boil, second boil with the 3rd condition boiled can be respectively 60 degrees Celsius boil 2-2.5h, 65 degrees Celsius boil 3-3.5h and 70 degrees Celsius boil 3-3.5h.
According to the present invention it is possible to boil glue by described first, second boil and be concentrated into the 1/4-1/6 of initial mixed glue solution volume at 65-75 degrees Centigrade after glue and the 3rd boils glue mixing and obtain fish glue from scale.
The present invention also provides for the fish glue from scale that preparation in accordance with the present invention prepares.
Further illustrate the present invention following by embodiment, but the present invention is not therefore subject to any restriction.
If no special instructions, instrument of the present invention and reagent are and are purchased, and the commodity of different brands do not affect specifically used.The enzyme wherein used is purchased from Shanghai biochemical reagents company.
The mensuration of vigorous formula viscosity:
At 60 DEG C, measure 6.67% fish glue from scale solution 100ml and flow through the time of standard blood capillary.Opening vigorous formula viscosity determinator, press temperature control key, in water bath, water bath shampoo temperature is stable when 60 DEG C, starts to measure.The fish glue from scale aqueous solution 120ml of preparation 6.67%, is cooled to about 61 DEG C in advance.Withstanding capillary viscometer end with finger, glue is poured into rapidly in the funnel of glass tubing, until exceeding high scale line 2-3cm, air or foam now should be avoided to enter.When temperature stabilization is at 59.9 DEG C-60.1 DEG C, pressing start key, then finger is removed capillary end, now glue liquid level begins to decline.At this moment instrument internal automatic timing system start automatically calculate glue flow through the time between the upper and lower graduation mark of viscometer, after timing, instrument internal Automatic computing system proceed by data process.After data are disposed, viscosity test results is shown automatically, read and record measurement result.Secondary parallel assay value differs less than O.lmPa.s.
The mensuration of gel strength:
When strict regulations, diameter is the cylinder of 12.7mm, and below the press-in jelly surface containing 6.67% fish glue from scale during 4mm, the power applied is for freezing power, in units of Bloomg.The glue having measured viscosity is placed room temperature cooling, then glue is poured into and freeze in power bottle, add a cover, after cooling down 16-18h in the Low Constant Temperature Water Baths of 9.9-10.1 DEG C, power bottle will be frozen and take out from thermostatic water bath, outside is dried, and takes away stopper, is placed on rapidly and freezes power instrument round platform.On carry out gel strength mensuration, read and record measured value.Secondary parallel assay value differs less than l0Bloomg.
Embodiment 1
It is that Cyprinus carpio fish scale is put in the soda bath that mass concentration is 4% the first immersion completing 5min by 1:1.5 according to mass ratio；After fish scale clean water after soaking first, it is in the 1:2 mixed solution that cleaned fish scale is put into acid protease that mass fraction is 0.1% and defatting enzyme according to solid-to-liquid ratio, the mass ratio of described acid protease and defatting enzyme is 2:1, it is after 3 with second acid for adjusting pH, under 30 degrees Celsius, completes the second of 40min soak；It is that the fish scale completing the second immersion is put into the 3rd immersion carrying out 30min in the hydrochloric acid solution that mass concentration is 1% by 1:2 according to the mass ratio of fish scale and hydrochloric acid solution, and changes hydrochloric acid solution immersion 3 times；It is that 1:1.5 puts into, after completing the 3rd fish scale clean water soaked, the 4th immersion carrying out 1h in the lime water that mass concentration is 0.2% according to solid-to-liquid ratio；The fish scale completing the 4th immersion is sequentially passed through after 2 acetic acid wash the washing with 2 times, fish scale and water are sequentially carried out first boil after filter, second boil after filter and the 3rd boil after filter, obtain first boiling glue, second boiling glue and the 3rd and boil glue；Wherein, described first boil, second boil and the 3rd mass ratio respectively 1:1.5,1:1.5 and the 1:2 boiling middle fish scale and water, described first boil, second boil with the 3rd condition boiled respectively 60 degrees Celsius boil 2h, 65 degrees Celsius boil 3h and 70 degrees Celsius boil 3h；Boil described first glue, second boil glue and the 3rd boil glue mixing after 65 degrees Centigrade be concentrated into initial mixed glue solution volume 1/4 fish glue from scale YL1.
Embodiment 2
It is that grass carp scales is put into the first immersion completing 30min in the soda bath that mass concentration is 10% by 1:3 according to mass ratio；After fish scale clean water after soaking first, it is in the 1:3 mixed solution that cleaned fish scale is put into acid protease that mass fraction is 0.5% and defatting enzyme according to solid-to-liquid ratio, the mass ratio of described acid protease and defatting enzyme is 6:1, it is after 4 with second acid for adjusting pH, under 40 degrees Celsius, completes the second of 2h soak；It is that the fish scale completing the second immersion is put into the 3rd immersion carrying out 6h in the hydrochloric acid solution that mass concentration is 5% by 1:5 according to the mass ratio of fish scale and hydrochloric acid solution, and changes hydrochloric acid solution immersion 5 times；It is that 1:3 puts into, after completing the 3rd fish scale clean water soaked, the 4th immersion carrying out 3h in the lime water that mass concentration is 0.5% according to solid-to-liquid ratio；The fish scale completing the 4th immersion is sequentially passed through after 5 acetic acid wash the washing with 5 times, fish scale and water are sequentially carried out first boil after filter, second boil after filter and the 3rd boil after filter, obtain first boiling glue, second boiling glue and the 3rd and boil glue；Wherein, described first boil, second boil and the 3rd mass ratio respectively 1:3,1:4 and the 1:3 boiling middle fish scale and water, described first boil, second boil with the 3rd condition boiled respectively 60 degrees Celsius boil 3h, 65 degrees Celsius boil 4h and 70 degrees Celsius boil 4h；Boil described first glue, second boil glue and the 3rd boil glue mixing after 75 degrees Centigrade be concentrated into initial mixed glue solution volume 1/6 fish glue from scale YL2.
Embodiment 3
It is that tilapia fish scale is put in the soda bath that mass concentration is 7% the first immersion completing 17min by 1:2.2 according to mass ratio；After fish scale clean water after soaking first, it is in the 1:2.5 mixed solution that cleaned fish scale is put into acid protease that mass fraction is 0.3% and defatting enzyme according to solid-to-liquid ratio, the mass ratio of described acid protease and defatting enzyme is 4:1, it is after 3.5 with second acid for adjusting pH, under 35 degrees Celsius, completes the second of 80min soak；It is that the fish scale completing the second immersion is put into the 3rd immersion carrying out 3h in the hydrochloric acid solution that mass concentration is 3% by 1:3.5 according to the mass ratio of fish scale and hydrochloric acid solution, and changes hydrochloric acid solution immersion 4 times；It is that 1:2.2 puts into, after completing the 3rd fish scale clean water soaked, the 4th immersion carrying out 2h in the lime water that mass concentration is 0.35% according to solid-to-liquid ratio；The fish scale completing the 4th immersion is sequentially passed through after 3 acetic acid wash the washing with 4 times, fish scale and water are sequentially carried out first boil after filter, second boil after filter and the 3rd boil after filter, obtain first boiling glue, second boiling glue and the 3rd and boil glue；Wherein, described first boil, second boil and the 3rd mass ratio respectively 1:2.2,1:2.7 and the 1:2.5 boiling middle fish scale and water, described first boil, second boil with the 3rd condition boiled respectively 60 degrees Celsius boil 2.5h, 65 degrees Celsius boil 3.5h and 70 degrees Celsius boil 3.5h；Boil described first glue, second boil after glue and the 3rd boils glue mixing 70 degrees Centigrade be concentrated into initial mixed glue solution volume 1/5 fish glue from scale YL3.
Table 1 fish glue from scale YL1, the vigorous formula viscosity of YL2 and YL3 and gel strength test result.
By the known prepared fish glue from scale function admirable of embodiment 1-3, gel strength and Bo Shi viscosity all greatly exceed the standard of GB6783-94 country edible Gelatinum oxhide.
Claims (9)
1. the preparation method of a fish glue from scale, it is characterised in that the method includes:
It is 1:(1.5-3 according to mass ratio) fish scale is put into soda bath completes the first immersion；
Put in the mixed solution of acid protease that mass fraction is 0.1-0.5% and defatting enzyme after fish scale clean water after soaking first, after being 3-4 with second acid for adjusting pH, under 30-40 degree Celsius, complete the second immersion；
The fish scale completing the second immersion is put in the hydrochloric acid solution that mass concentration is 1-5% and carries out the 3rd immersion；
Put in the lime water that mass concentration is 0.2-0.5% and carry out the 4th immersion after completing the fish scale clean water of the 3rd immersion；
The fish scale completing the 4th immersion is sequentially passed through 2-5 acetic acid wash with the washing of 2-5 time after, fish scale and water are sequentially carried out first boil after filter, second boil after filter and the 3rd boil after filter, obtain first boiling glue, second boiling glue and the 3rd and boil glue；Wherein, described first boil, second boil and the 3rd mass ratio respectively 1:(1.5-3 boiling middle fish scale and water), 1:(1.5-4) and 1:(2-3), described first boil, second boil with the 3rd condition boiled respectively 60 degrees Celsius boil 2-3h, 65 degrees Celsius boil 3-4h and 70 degrees Celsius boil 3-4h；
Boil described first glue, second boil glue and the 3rd boil glue mixing after be heated concentration, obtain fish glue from scale.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the described first time soaked was 5-30min, and the mass concentration of soda bath used is 4-10%.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the mass ratio of described acid protease and defatting enzyme is (2-6): 1.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described second immersion is 1:(2-3 according to solid-to-liquid ratio) soak 40min-2h.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the described 3rd to soak be 1:(2-5 according to the mass ratio of fish scale and hydrochloric acid solution) fish scale is put into immersion 30min-6h in hydrochloric acid solution, and change hydrochloric acid solution and soak 3-5 time.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described 4th immersion is 1:(1.5-3 according to solid-to-liquid ratio) soak 1-3h.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first boil, second boil and the 3rd mass ratio respectively 1:(1.8-2.5 boiling middle fish scale and water), 1:(2-3) and 1:(2.5-3), described first boil, second boil with the 3rd condition boiled respectively 60 degrees Celsius boil 2-2.5h, 65 degrees Celsius boil 3-3.5h and 70 degrees Celsius boil 3-3.5h.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that boil glue by described first, second boil and be concentrated into the 1/4-1/6 of initial mixed glue solution volume at 65-75 degrees Centigrade after glue and the 3rd boils glue mixing and obtain fish glue from scale.
9. the fish glue from scale prepared according to the preparation method of claim 1-8.
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| CN113416453A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-09-21 | 宋志旭 | Glue solution and mixing solution for ancient mural holographic copying compound sleeve mineral pigment drawing |
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