CN105724838A - Feed for Penaeus vannamei Boone in mature period and preparation method of feed - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to feed for Penaeus vannamei Boone in the mature period and a preparation method of the feed. The feed comprises 25-30 parts of white fish meal, 5-10 parts of domestic fish meal, 2-5 parts of artemia dry powder, 2-5 parts of blood worm powder, 2-5 parts of earthworm powder, 10-15 parts of vital gluten, 2-5 parts of sunflower seed meal, 5-10 parts of carrot dry powder, 5-10 parts of ulva powder, 10-15 parts of haematococcus pluvialis powder, 2-5 parts of chlorella pyrenoidosa powder, 2-5 parts of cylindrotheca powder, 2-5 parts of diatom powder, 5-10 parts of cod liver oil, 2-5 parts of sea buckthorn seed oil, 0.002-0.005 part of photosynthetic bacterium, 0.002-0.005 part of bacillus subtilis and 0.01-0.05 part of composite multi-vitamin mineral. The feed has the advantages that the feed scientifically combines animal-source and plant-source feed raw materials according to the ingestion features of the Penaeus vannamei Boone and can provide sufficient nutrition for the Penaeus vannamei Boone, increase the disease resistance of the Penaeus vannamei Boone and promote molting and growth.

Description

A kind of Penaeus vannamei period of maturation feedstuff and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to aquatic feeds technical field, be specifically related to a kind of Penaeus vannamei period of maturation feedstuff and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Penaeus vannamei is one of shrimp that whole world cultured output is the highest, after China introduces a fine variety cultivation from marine site, South America pacific rim, after particularly within 1992, breaking through nursery pass, it is promoted at China coast rapidly, become one of main shrimps in culture of China, for fisherman's increasing both production and income, the dining table of abundant consumer provides the protein food of high-quality.

Penaeus vannamei is of high nutritive value, delicious meat, and dressing percentage, up to 67%, is a kind of rare breed variety.Compared with other shrimps kinds, Penaeus vannamei feeding habits are assorted, premunition strong, fast growth, and cultivation success rate is high and the protein content in feedstuff is less demanding, and these all bring facility to cultivation.The cultivation of Penaeus vannamei obtains flourish at China coast, has also driven the development of related industry, and feedstuff relevant with it is also released.

But, for the feedstuff in Penaeus vannamei each stage immature, have improvable place.And some feedstuffs because of nutrient research delayed, simple proportioning, it is impossible to the composition fully meeting the demand in Penaeus vannamei each stage, particularly some minerals and vitamins is unreasonable, to be improved.The feedstuff relevant to Penaeus vannamei each stage selects not science, have impact on shrimp body in the growth of different phase and shell, and cultivation efficiency is difficult to satisfactory.

Therefore how for the nutritional characteristic of Penaeus vannamei different growth phases, develop corresponding mixed feed, the development with scientific formula is chosen by quality raw materials, promote the growth of shrimp body, improve cultivation efficiency, reduce nitrogen discharge and phosphorus discharge, be the subject matter needing in culture of Penaeus vannamei process to solve.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Penaeus vannamei period of maturation feedstuff and preparation method thereof, provide sufficient nutrition for Penaeus vannanei, for becoming shrimp shell to provide vitamin and mineral matter nutritional, promote growth and maturity.

A kind of Penaeus vannamei period of maturation feedstuff, component including following weight portion: Erythroculter ilishaeformis powder 25 parts～30 parts, HONGYU FEN 5 parts～10 parts, 2 parts～5 parts of artemia dry powder, 2 parts～5 parts of blood worm powder, Lumbricus powder 2 parts～5 parts, gluten meal 10 parts～15 parts, the Semen Helianthi dregs of rice 2 parts～5 parts, Radix Dauci Sativae dry powder 5 parts～10 parts, ulva lactuca powder 5 parts～10 parts, haematococcus pluvialis powder 10 parts～15 parts, chlorella powder 2 parts～5 parts, 2 parts～5 parts of cylindrotheca clostetium powder, diatom powder 2 parts～5 parts, cod liver oil 5 parts～10 parts, Fructrs Hippophae seed oil 2 parts～5 parts, photosynthetic bacteria 0.002 part～0.005 part, bacillus subtilis 0.002 part～0.005 part, compound various vitamins mineral 0.01 part～0.05 part；

Composition and the content of above-mentioned compound various vitamins mineral is: selenium yeast 20, zinc methionine 30, calcium gluconate 150, ferrous sulfate 50, calcium iodate 50, calcium pantothenate 50, zeolite powder 100, medical stone powder 50, VB₁20, VB₂30, VB₆20, VB₁₂10, folic acid 20, inositol 50, nicotinic acid 50, VA50, VD₃50, Magnesium L-Asacorbic Acid 2-O-Phosphate 100, VE80, VK20, unit mg/kg.

The manufacture method of a kind of Penaeus vannamei period of maturation expanded pellet diet, comprises the following steps:

1. raw material is made: by Erythroculter ilishaeformis powder, HONGYU FEN, artemia dry powder, blood worm powder, Lumbricus powder, gluten meal, the Semen Helianthi dregs of rice, Radix Dauci Sativae dry powder, ulva lactuca powder, haematococcus pluvialis powder, chlorella powder, cylindrotheca clostetium powder, diatom powder stirring and evenly mixing, well-mixed raw material adds the selenium yeast in compound various vitamins mineral, zinc methionine, calcium gluconate, ferrous sulfate, calcium iodate, calcium pantothenate, zeolite powder, medical stone powder, VB₁、VB₂、VB₆、VB₁₂, folic acid, inositol, nicotinic acid, VA, VD₃, Magnesium L-Asacorbic Acid 2-O-Phosphate, enter coarse pulverization surge bunker after VE, VK after carry out a coarse pulverization, the raw material after coarse pulverization enters winnowing type super micron mill and carries out a micronizing, subsequently into rotating classifying screen；

2. synthesising biological material: by the raw material after classifying screen, add the cod liver oil after dissolving, Fructrs Hippophae seed oil, and add photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis, is mixed into biological material through secondary；

3. ripe material it is converted into: biology material is inserted Double-shaft differential quality-adjusting device and is modulated, be converted into ripe material；

4. expanded granulation: inserted by ripe material in single shaft bulking machine and carry out expanded granulation, becomes Moist pellet, particle diameter 1.2-1.9mm；

5. dry: Moist pellet is inserted in dehydrator and is dried, become dry pellet.

The preferred Erythroculter ilishaeformis powder of the present invention is main protein raw material, provides the proteinaceous nutrient of high-quality for growing up of Penaeus vannamei, and albumen is high, energy is high, conversion ratio is high, it is possible to raise more shrimp with less material.In conjunction with the feature of ingesting under Penaeus vannamei natural conditions, and its heterophagous characteristic of ingesting, by animal fodder raw material and vegetality feedstuff scientific matching.The preferred artemia dry powder of animal fodder raw material, blood worm powder and Lumbricus powder, meet the holozoic nutrition demand of shrimp body, is not only its growth and provides sufficient nutrition, also makes shrimp body like ingesting, improve its speed of growth.Meanwhile, the present invention also with the addition of the algae components such as ulva lactuca powder, haematococcus pluvialis powder, chlorella powder, cylindrotheca clostetium powder and diatom powder, meets the shrimp body demand to holophytic nutrition.The present invention has also been especially added with photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus subtilis, not only contributes to purifying water body environment, is beneficial to shrimp bulk-growth, is also advantageous for strengthening the body constitution of shrimp body, improves premunition.The compound various vitamins mineral being especially added with, can meet the shrimp body maturation phase demand to vitamin and mineral so that it is shell is more smooth, meets nutrition required during its growth, improves the speed of growth, strengthens the premunition of shrimp body.The present invention adopts high temperature puffing technique, starts the beginning of the expanded shrimp material in the world, and feed granules is uniformly clean and tidy, and almost without powder, efficiency of feed utilization improves more than 20%！Water stability is high, soaks and still stands intact for 3 hours, reduces waste and not bad water.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment 1

Preparation 1000g Penaeus vannamei period of maturation feedstuff, including: Erythroculter ilishaeformis powder 300g, HONGYU FEN 50g, artemia dry powder 50g, blood worm powder 20g, Lumbricus powder 50g, gluten meal 100g, Semen Helianthi dregs of rice 20g, Radix Dauci Sativae dry powder 50g, ulva lactuca powder 50g, haematococcus pluvialis powder 150g, chlorella powder 49.86g, cylindrotheca clostetium powder 20g, diatom powder 20g, cod liver oil 50g, Fructrs Hippophae seed oil 20g, photosynthetic bacteria 0.02g, bacillus subtilis 0.02g, compound various vitamins mineral 0.1g；

0.1g compound various vitamins mineral includes: selenium yeast 2 μ g, zinc methionine 3 μ g, calcium gluconate 15 μ g, ferrous sulfate 5 μ g, calcium iodate 5 μ g, calcium pantothenate 5 μ g, zeolite powder 10 μ g, medical stone powder, 5 μ g, VB₁2 μ g, VB₂3 μ g, VB₆2 μ g, VB₁₂1 μ g, folic acid 2 μ g, inositol 5 μ g, nicotinic acid 5 μ g, VA5 μ g, VD₃5 μ g, Magnesium L-Asacorbic Acid 2-O-Phosphate 10 μ g, VE8 μ g, VK2 μ g.

The manufacture method of its expanded pellet diet, comprises the following steps:

1. raw material is made: by Erythroculter ilishaeformis powder, HONGYU FEN, artemia dry powder, blood worm powder, Lumbricus powder, gluten meal, the Semen Helianthi dregs of rice, Radix Dauci Sativae dry powder, ulva lactuca powder, haematococcus pluvialis powder, chlorella powder, cylindrotheca clostetium powder, diatom powder stirring and evenly mixing, well-mixed raw material adds the selenium yeast in compound various vitamins mineral, zinc methionine, calcium gluconate, ferrous sulfate, calcium iodate, calcium pantothenate, zeolite powder, medical stone powder, VB₁、VB₂、VB₆、VB₁₂, folic acid, inositol, nicotinic acid, VA, VD₃, Magnesium L-Asacorbic Acid 2-O-Phosphate, enter coarse pulverization surge bunker after VE, VK after carry out a coarse pulverization, the raw material after coarse pulverization enters winnowing type super micron mill and carries out a micronizing, subsequently into rotating classifying screen；

2. synthesising biological material: by the raw material after classifying screen, add the cod liver oil after dissolving, Fructrs Hippophae seed oil, and add photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis, is mixed into biological material through secondary；

3. ripe material it is converted into: biology material is inserted Double-shaft differential quality-adjusting device and is modulated, be converted into ripe material；

4. expanded granulation: inserted by ripe material in single shaft bulking machine and carry out expanded granulation, becomes Moist pellet, particle diameter 1.5mm；

5. dry: Moist pellet is inserted in dehydrator and is dried, become dry pellet.

Embodiment 2

Preparation 1000g Penaeus vannamei period of maturation feedstuff, including: Erythroculter ilishaeformis powder 250g, HONGYU FEN 50g, artemia dry powder 20g, blood worm powder 50g, Lumbricus powder 20g, gluten meal 119.4g, Semen Helianthi dregs of rice 50g, Radix Dauci Sativae dry powder 50g, ulva lactuca powder 100g, haematococcus pluvialis powder 100g, chlorella powder 20g, cylindrotheca clostetium powder 50g, diatom powder 20g, cod liver oil 50g, Fructrs Hippophae seed oil 50g, photosynthetic bacteria 0.05g, bacillus subtilis 0.05g, compound various vitamins mineral 0.5g.

0.5g compound various vitamins mineral includes: selenium yeast 10 μ g, zinc methionine 15 μ g, calcium gluconate 75 μ g, ferrous sulfate 25 μ g, calcium iodate 25 μ g, calcium pantothenate 25 μ g, zeolite powder 50 μ g, medical stone powder 25 μ g, VB₁10 μ g, VB₂15 μ g, VB₆10 μ g, VB₁₂5 μ g, folic acid 10 μ g, inositol 25 μ g, nicotinic acid 25 μ g, VA25 μ g, VD₃25 μ g, Magnesium L-Asacorbic Acid 2-O-Phosphate 50 μ g, VE40 μ g, VK10 μ g.

The manufacture method of its expanded pellet diet is with embodiment 1.

The feedstuff commodity of the present invention " the happy height of shrimp " by name period of maturation puffing material, has been produced by seven good companies and has put on market.The feedstuff of the present invention is used for Penaeus vannanei culture experiment, and process is as follows:

Test Penaeus vannamei is that selected raiser buys into shrimp by oneself, test and carry out in Haiyang, raiser's concrete condition is as follows: formally start culture experiment from JIUYUE in 2015 2 days, now, prawn body length is 6.3cm, about 150 tails/jin, and shrimp Seedling adds up to 20.8 ten thousand (initial Seedling number of throwing is 260,000), in breeding process, water colour is constantly in deep dark brown state, and during cultivation, water temperature is between 26～28.5 DEG C.This raiser adopts the mode that cellular-type cultivates, and the culture zone of 1.2 mu is divided into 20 ponds, and each pond specification is 6 × 6m², pond height is 1.2m, is arc at the bottom of pond, and minimum point and brim height difference are 0.3m.

To sunrise in November 4 shrimp in 2015 from JIUYUE in 2015 2 days, experimental period is 63d, and by 150 tails/jin, long to 16.6 tails/jin (namely by 3.33g length to 30.12g), gross weight is 7900 jin to prawn, and 8240 jin of feedstuff of throwing something and feeding altogether, prawn weightening finish is 6514.72 jin.Thus can obtain, feed coefficient is 1.26, survival rate is 63.0%, fetch 26.86 ten thousand yuan altogether, remove cost [labour cost 10,000 yuan, expenses for medicine 1.2 ten thousand yuan, stage canopy rent 20,000 yuan, charges for water and electricity 1.5 ten thousand yuan, feed cost 3.8 ten thousand yuan, shrimp Seedling money (0.84 ten thousand shrimp Seedling moneys+0.67 ten thousand cultivate expense)], earn net profit 15.85 ten thousand yuan.The feedstuff of the present invention meets into shrimp growth desired nutritional, is beneficial to shrimp bulk-growth, strengthens premunition so that it is shell is more smooth.

Claims (3)

1. a Penaeus vannamei period of maturation feedstuff, it is characterized in that this feedstuff includes the component of following weight portion: Erythroculter ilishaeformis powder 25 parts～30 parts, HONGYU FEN 5 parts～10 parts, 2 parts～5 parts of artemia dry powder, 2 parts～5 parts of blood worm powder, Lumbricus powder 2 parts～5 parts, gluten meal 10 parts～15 parts, the Semen Helianthi dregs of rice 2 parts～5 parts, Radix Dauci Sativae dry powder 5 parts～10 parts, ulva lactuca powder 5 parts～10 parts, haematococcus pluvialis powder 10 parts～15 parts, chlorella powder 2 parts～5 parts, 2 parts～5 parts of cylindrotheca clostetium powder, diatom powder 2 parts～5 parts, cod liver oil 5 parts～10 parts, Fructrs Hippophae seed oil 2 parts～5 parts, photosynthetic bacteria 0.002 part～0.005 part, bacillus subtilis 0.002 part～0.005 part, compound various vitamins mineral 0.01 part～0.05 part.

2. Penaeus vannamei period of maturation feedstuff as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that composition and the content of described compound various vitamins mineral is: selenium yeast 20, zinc methionine 30, calcium gluconate 150, ferrous sulfate 50, calcium iodate 50, calcium pantothenate 50, zeolite powder 100, medical stone powder 50, VB₁20, VB₂30, VB₆20, VB₁₂10, folic acid 20, inositol 50, nicotinic acid 50, VA50, VD₃50, Magnesium L-Asacorbic Acid 2-O-Phosphate 100, VE80, VK20；Unit is mg/kg.

3. a manufacture method for Penaeus vannamei period of maturation expanded pellet diet, comprises the following steps:

1. raw material is made: be first according to aforementioned proportion and be equipped with raw material, by Erythroculter ilishaeformis powder, HONGYU FEN, artemia dry powder, blood worm powder, Lumbricus powder, gluten meal, the Semen Helianthi dregs of rice, Radix Dauci Sativae dry powder, ulva lactuca powder, haematococcus pluvialis powder, chlorella powder, cylindrotheca clostetium powder, diatom powder stirring and evenly mixing, well-mixed raw material adds the selenium yeast in compound various vitamins mineral, zinc methionine, calcium gluconate, ferrous sulfate, calcium iodate, calcium pantothenate, zeolite powder, medical stone powder, VB₁、VB₂、VB₆、VB₁₂, folic acid, inositol, nicotinic acid, VA, VD₃, Magnesium L-Asacorbic Acid 2-O-Phosphate, enter coarse pulverization surge bunker after VE, VK after carry out a coarse pulverization, the raw material after coarse pulverization enters winnowing type super micron mill and carries out a micronizing, subsequently into rotating classifying screen；

2. synthesising biological material: by the raw material after classifying screen, add the cod liver oil after dissolving, Fructrs Hippophae seed oil, and add photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis, is mixed into biological material through secondary.

3. ripe material it is converted into: biology material is inserted Double-shaft differential quality-adjusting device and is modulated, be converted into ripe material；

4. expanded granulation: inserted by ripe material in single shaft bulking machine and carry out expanded granulation, becomes Moist pellet, particle diameter 1.2-1.9mm；

5. dry: Moist pellet is inserted in dehydrator and is dried, become dry pellet.