CN105715371B - A kind of piston reciprocating type single cylinder internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of using China's patent of invention " ZL200710147446.7,Gear and rack teeth mechanism described in second of embodiment makees the piston reciprocating type single cylinder internal combustion engine of power mechanism in notification number CN101144524B ",It is by the power mechanism and China's patent of invention " ZL200710193938.X notification number CN101289956B "," ZL200710193940.7 notification number 101205861B "," ZL200810169739.X notification number 101434419B "," ZL201112083190.9 notification number CN102562339B ",Patent application " 200710193939.4 ","201310434603.X","201410020453.0",The invention made in " 201410208643.5 " is composed,The engine can comprehensively eliminate the defect and shortcoming of existing general internal combustion engine,With the thermal efficiency of about 70%,Weight/power ratio relatively reduces about 30 times,Substantially eliminate the good effect that each inefficient combustion pollutant is discharged into atmosphere.

Description

A kind of piston reciprocating type single cylinder internal combustion engine

Fields

The invention belongs to internal combustion engine fields, and in particular to a kind of piston reciprocating type single cylinder internal combustion engine.

Background technique

Existing crank link mechanism reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, simply referred to as conventional internal combustion engine, since the invention, in length During the practice of phase and this field scientific and technical personnel continuously improve and improve, each side's surface technology has reached the quite mature stage, On current progress and development direction, it appears that in addition to application electronic control technology and new science and technology material, advantage is to the utmost；Its Defect need not overcome and that sets disregards.In order to clearly state the defect and shortcoming of existing general internal combustion engine, in the following, will It uses the technology other than electronic control technology and new science and technology material, and " ontology " that system is referred to as engine is stated.

" ontology " of existing general internal combustion engine, although had reached the quite mature stage, and it is long-term with it is all It establishes oneself in an unassailable position in the competition of more novel design technology schemes, constantly rises however, facing current global fuel price, be International dispute and a large amount of inefficient combustion dirts and carbon dioxide is caused to discharge seriously prestige into atmosphere when fighting for petroleum resources The situation coerced human health and cause awful weather variation increasingly severe, and needed relative to turbine gas engine Engine specific weight is greatly reduced, improves the use value of engine and reduces an urgent demand of manufacturing cost, but Many serious defects and shortcoming are showed, it is specific as follows：

The dynamical system of crank link mechanism, except unbalanced rotating inertia force and the high harm of crank-pin linear velocity influence Outside the raising of function of the engine and power, when starting outburst in cylinder, start the cylinder piston, connecting rod and crank-pin and song Axis leads to start in cylinder that the output of prompt explosion power is unsmooth in close to linear phase position, causes system mechanics are negative instantaneous to increase severely With the harm of rough running；In order to inhibit explosive force to endanger, takes limitation to start highest explosive force in cylinder, cause to start in cylinder The difficulty of tissue burning work, while also influencing the performance of fuel thermal efficiency and having limited to start the cylinder piston speed maximum allowable The forced working of engine power has been limited in the raising of value；Drawbacks described above is together with crank rotation piston reciprocating 1 time movement in 1 week Mechanism causes the power that engine cannot at several times be improved from the approach of power output device, be the weight/power ratio of engine not One of the main reason for capable of being greatly lowered.

Existing exhaust gas turbocharge mode, transient response lag, turbine and vehicular engine traffic characteristic do not conform to, are centrifuged pressure The reasons such as mechanism of qi range of flow and small turbomachine performance severely impact the working performance of engine and normally operate, Multinomial auxiliary setting must must be added, the complexity and manufacturing cost of engine are increased；Its engine with supercharger is big except being applied to Outside type vessel, be not suitable for applying on a vehicle, in addition, realizing the difficult more, supercharging level of the super high pressure-charging of k >=5 pressure ratio π It is low, and it is difficult to popularization and application on petrol engine and medium and small h type engine h, it is complete to have limited to reciprocating piston internal combustion engine pressurization work Face it is unfolded.

The cooling of existing launch device is all to ensure that launch device is not endangered by thermic load no matter water cooling or air-cooled It safely and reliably works as target, large area outside cylinder, uninterrupted, without regulation or generally regulation is cooled down starting；It is existing Cognition to cooling and thermal efficiency relationship, (Zhu Xianding writes relevant information, and Shanghai Scientific & Technical Publishers are published《Special engine is former Reason and structure》125th face) it points out：" it cools down and takes away the fuel heat for starting in cylinder 30%, though this heat is big, the grade of heat It is low, it is according to fuel " fire is used " [note with this grade：This " fire is used " two word is a word, because that can not print with " fire is used " substitution] Value (capacity for work) makes distribution, and " fire is used " value (capacity for work) of cooling loss is only about 3.5%.Therefore, from the quality of heat On say, the fuel thermal efficiency of cooling loss only about 3.5% (being shown see data attached drawing 8.08 and 8.09) ".Mistaken ideas in this cognition People are caused to be mistakenly considered：The cooling a large amount of fuel heats taken away are the waste heat of not capacity for work, to the thermal efficiency of fuel Substantially loss very little, but the harm that can protect launch device not affected by hot loading safely and reliably works, and this thermal loss deficiency is Cherish, turns a blind eye to for a long time., this mistaken ideas recognized is still misled so far to the cooling technological means used of launch device.

Common sense teaches that while cooling, temperature is from top toward decline to device, and high temperature subtracts low temperature presence, never Can the temperature on top still remain, subtract the temperature of bottom end from the bottom up and high temperature still remains, thus prove, cooling zone The heat for walking to start cylinder fuel to burn always is started positioned at the heat that tip temperature thermal energy intensive grade is high in cylinder, and through proving It obtains：Cooling to take away that start the numerical value of cylinder fuel heat be about 30%, then cooling take away starts cylinder fuel " fire is used " value Numerical value is similarly about 30%, i.e., equally has lost about 30% fuel thermal efficiency from the quality of heat.The heat that cooling water carries Grade is low, and " fire use " value showed is only about the 3.5% of fuel " fire is used " value, but this " fire is used " value substantially starts cylinder " fire is used " value that the interior heat high positioned at tip temperature thermal energy intensive grade is showed after cooling water dilutes (makees function Power), rather than start fuel " fire is used " value (capacity for work) of cylinder internal loss caused by cooling down, with this " fire is used " value as cooling " fire is used " value for starting cylinder fuel of loss, it is clear that be incorrect.[note：Related detailed discussion please refers to invention Shen Please " 201410020453.0 ' a kind of cooling spray system of reciprocating piston internal combustion engine ' "].

By existing cooling and the thermal efficiency relationship cognition mistaken ideas and formed, the existing large area outside launch device, not between Disconnected, indefinite position, not timing quantify constant speed rate, the type of cooling without regulation, and cooling portion must not be needed in launch device Taken away under position, moment and intensity of cooling start a large amount of heat in cylinder and with " fire use " value for taking away heat equivalent, cause A large amount of fuel thermal efficiencies loss [note caused by surplus is cooling：One kind can cooling causes about 30% fuel outside to avoid cylinder is started The technical solution of efficiency losses and the technological means of use please refer to a kind of patent application " 201410020453.0 ' pistons The cooling spray system of reciprocating I. C. engine ' " specification record].

In place of the shortcomings and deficiencies of above-mentioned existing cooling and the cognition of thermal efficiency relationship and the type of cooling, moreover it is possible to cause existing Cooling technology scheme cannot control the temperature for starting in-cylinder combustion, cause to start to generate a large amount of inefficient combustion pollutant in cylinder It is discharged into atmosphere；About 30% fuel thermal efficiency that the existing type of cooling is lost, is not only the heavy losses of fuel, It correspondingly increases a large amount of carbon dioxide to discharge into atmosphere, while also correspondingly reducing the unit power of engine.

The fuel pump spray and valve opening and closing of engine, it is common by timing gear, cam mechanism and multiple workpieces It completes, movement parts are more, and structure is complicated, and the factor for influencing function of the engine increases, and cannot be accurately realized with engine work The variation work of condition, this defect not only increase the manufacturing expense of engine, also take up valuable in a large amount of engine block Space, so that work system and regulator control system that following engines should have cannot be implemented.

In the work system of engine, lacks and control the amount of charge air for starting in-cylinder combustion and temperature and (namely feed hair Air capacity in dynamic cylinder) regulating and controlling mechanism and pressurized cylinder in middle cold compression water spraying mechanism and its control technique；Also lack one kind simultaneously By the spray of the fuel pump of engine, cooling, pressurization, in the work systems such as cold, amount of charge air and temperature regulation, valve opening and closing Regulation integrates, and unified regulation is allowed to synchronously be in any work of any operating condition of engine with the variation of engine operating condition In recycling, and the comprehensive regulation system to work under respective running parameter in any same working cycles respectively.

The revolving speed that existing conventional internal combustion engine outwardly exports, low speed engine are the length to increase piston stroke Come what is realized, the stroke some of large-sized low-speed engine is up to 3 meters or more, and the volume for causing engine and weight/power ratio are at several times Ground increases, and reduces the use value of engine, while increasing the difficulty and production cost of engine manufacture；High speed is started Machine is then the length for reducing piston stroke, and shortest piston stroke is competing less than 10 centimeters, due to the too short limitation of piston stroke The increase of engine power, causes high speed engine to be only limitted to put-put, it is difficult to produce Large-power High-Speed engine.

Making engine power mechanism due to crank link mechanism has unbalance inertia force, crank-pin linear velocity high centrifugal force Greatly, start the cylinder piston to starting cylinder to generate roll force impact and friction and the cylinder piston thermic load is started to endanger serious system About, cause to start to will cause system context deterioration, abrasion aggravation when the cylinder piston average speed is excessive, or even cause system Damage, has limited to the existing maximum allowable value for starting the cylinder piston average speed, leads to that the average speed of the cylinder piston cannot be started from raising The approach of degree goes the unit power that engine is significantly increased.

It can not make the compression ratio of gasoline mixture identical as the compression ratio of diesel oil gaseous mixture and gasoline mixture at igniting Concentration be conducive to ignition again, lead to same engine can respectively using the technological means of diesel oil or gasoline as fuel Diesel engine and gasoline engine manufacture and use respectively, the waste for causing engine to manufacture and the limitation used.

Above-mentioned existing general internal combustion engine, the serious defect showed relative to current social development situation demands and Shortcoming there is now patent of invention and utility model patent (note：Patent of invention as described below and utility model patent are China's patent), the technological means of technical solution and use is pointedly proposed respectively, is briefly discussed below：

China's patent of invention " ZL200710147446.7, ' a kind of gear and rack teeth mechanism ' " (notification number CN101144524B, 2013 days for announcing August 14 days) in invent a kind of gear and rack teeth mechanism, be with have the advantages that crank link mechanism and gram Take the defect of the crank link mechanism and the power take-off mechanism of shortcoming and a kind of reciprocating piston internal combustion engine of ad hoc meter (such as Fig. 2 .01,2.02,2.03 are shown), is mainly technically characterized by：The rack frame of the parallel opposite end lateral connection in both sides (2.01) interior assembling gear (2.07), it is right on tooth socket corresponding with gear or tooth, with gear to be made on the rack gear of both sides respectively Tooth or the tooth socket engagement answered；If Fig. 2 .01 is shown, tooth socket enters the one side engaged with gear teeth relative motion on gear on rack gear Loose piece (2.02,2.10) are made, is oppressed and is retreated by the first tooth (entering the gear teeth engaged with tooth socket on rack gear) in gear movement direction It steps down；Fig. 2 .02 is shown, and the loose piece (2.23,2.24) of tooth is substituted on rack gear, is retreated under gear disk pressure；Rack gear frame When frame is located at upper and lower stop, disengaged while gear is engaged with one side rack gear with another side rack gear, then the continuous rotary teeth of gear Frame up and down reciprocatingly or rack frame up and down reciprocatingly gear constantly rotates；The stroke of rack frame corresponds to certain gear and turns The degree at angle, corner needs to choose according to mechanism purposes；When one timing of frequency that rack frame is reciprocal, rack frame stroke Corresponding gear corner is different, and the revolution of gear changes correspondingly；

Such as Fig. 2 .01 of gear and rack teeth mechanism described in specific embodiment 1 is shown：It is mainly technically characterized by gear (2.07) It is upper to be evenly distributed with 3 gear teeth (2.12,2.13,2.14), respectively made on the rack gear of both sides corresponding with a gear teeth tooth socket (2.05, 2.11), tooth socket enter with gear relative motion engage make loose piece (2.02,2.10) on one side, loose piece is in gear movement direction First tooth, which enters to retreat under the compressing of engagement, steps down, and system is made smoothly to engage operating；It is shown in conjunction with Fig. 3 .01：Start the cylinder piston solid It is scheduled on rack frame (3.06), then the stroke of rack frame (2.01) is the stroke of piston (3.07), by rack frame row The corresponding gear corner (being equivalent to crank angle) of journey is 60 degree, then 1 week piston (3.07) up and down reciprocatingly 3 times of gear rotation； Namely up and down reciprocatingly 3 gear shafts (being equivalent to crankshaft) rotate 1 week piston (3.07).Due to technique feature, this gear teeth Mechanism is relative to crank link mechanism, under piston stroke and the identical situation of reciprocating frequence, gear shaft (line shaft) rotation Number be crankshaft (line shaft) number of revolutions one third, the first way gear and rack teeth mechanism is especially advantageous as a result, In the power mechanism for making low speed engine；Its operative mechanism and principle combination Fig. 2 .01 are described as follows：Rack frame (2.01) position When lower dead center, the gear teeth (2.14) are engaged with tooth socket (2.05), and the gear teeth (2.12) are separated with tooth socket (2.11)；Gear (2.07) It rotates clockwise, frame (2.01) moves upwards, and tooth socket (2.05) is forward moved with gear (2.07)；Tooth socket (2.11) and wheel Tooth (2.13) relative motion can smoothly enter into engagement into when engagement, the gear teeth (2.13) compressing loose piece (2.10) is stepped down, in arrival It engages and completes when stop, loose piece (2.10) is under the pressure of spring (2.09), homing, constitutes tooth socket (2.11) (movement shape Shown in state (2.08)), meanwhile, the gear teeth (2.14) are separated with tooth socket (2.05) (shown in motion state (2.06))；Gear (2.07) Continuing to rotate clockwise, frame (2.01) is moved downward from top dead centre, tooth socket (2.05) and the gear teeth (2.12]) it performs relative motion, When reaching engagement, the gear teeth (2.12) oppress loose piece (2.02) and step down, and are engaged, when frame (2.01) row is to lower dead center, engagement It completes, loose piece (2.02) homing under the pressure of spring (2.03), constitutes tooth socket (2.05)；The another side gear teeth (2.13) It is separated with tooth socket (2.11).Gear (2.07) constantly rotates, and frame (2.01) correspondingly moves up and down, tooth socket (2.05,2.11) It successively separates with the gear teeth (2.12,2.13,2.14) engagement, organically cooperates respectively, form regular, accurate gear rotation The movement of rack gear up and down reciprocatingly.The entire detail technical features of this embodiment are shown in that affiliated patent specification is recorded；

Such as Fig. 2 .02 of gear and rack teeth mechanism described in specific embodiment 2 is shown referring to Fig. 2 .04：It is mainly technically characterized by： Uniformly distributed 4 tooth sockets (2.15,2.16,2.17,2.18), two opposite tooth sockets (2.15 and 2.17), (2.16 on gear (2.07) Identical with 2.18) difference, both sides rack gear makes the tooth (2.23,2.24) of corresponding respective tooth socket respectively, and tooth (2.23) is corresponding Tooth socket (2.16,2.18), tooth (2.24) is corresponding tooth socket (2.15,2.17), and the tooth that this corresponds to respective tooth socket is smoothly logical respectively Cross with its not accordingly tooth socket, and only corresponding tooth socket is engaged operation；Tooth is made loose piece, after being detached from tooth socket, Lower retreat of the plane compressing made on gear disc is stepped down, and operates system smoothly；The stroke of rack frame (is lived with above-mentioned Fill in the stroke of (3.07)) corresponding gear corner (being equivalent to crank angle) is 90 degree, then above and below 1 week piston of gear shaft rotation Back and forth twice or piston (3.07) up and down reciprocatingly twice gear shaft (being equivalent to crankshaft) rotate 1 week.Due to technique feature, Gear and rack teeth mechanism of this gear and rack teeth mechanism relative to above-mentioned first way, in engine piston stroke and reciprocating frequence phase With in the case where, it is conducive to make the power mechanism of medium-speed engine.Its movement mechanism is as follows：Fig. 2 .02 is shown, gear frame (2.01) when being located at lower dead center, gear (2.07) is rotated clockwise, and left side loose piece (2.23) is engaged with tooth socket (2.16), with tooth Wheel (2.07) up moves in the same direction；The right loose piece (2.24) is separated with tooth socket (2.15) makees phase with gear (2.07) from bottom to top To movement, retreated under the compressing of the plane made on gear disc, and slide and move upwards on gear disc, when with tooth socket It (2.18) is not corresponding tooth due to having at a partition equal with gear disc among tooth socket (2.18) when meeting Slot, (2.24 will not drop into tooth socket (2.18) and smoothly move upwards loose piece, living when rack frame (2.01) reaches top dead centre Block (2.24) is under the pressure of spring (2.09), and (Fig. 2 .02 motion state (2.08) is shown with corresponding tooth socket (2.17) engagement Out), left side loose piece (tooth) (2.23) separates (motion state (2.06) is shown) with tooth socket (2.16).Gear (2.07) continues to turn Dynamic, rack frame (2.01) downlink, the right loose piece (tooth) (2.24) has been engaged with tooth socket (2.17) forward to be moved with gear, Come downwards to lower dead center；When left side loose piece (2.23) and gear (2.07) relative motion, that makes on gear (2.07) disc is flat Face pressure compels lower retrogressing, downlink is then slided on gear disc, when meeting with tooth socket (2.15), due to loose piece (2.23) Width is greater than the width of tooth socket (2.15), is not corresponding tooth socket, just passes through tooth socket (2.15) and reaches lower dead center (i.e. frame Frame (2.01) reaches lower dead center) when, loose piece (2.23) engages under the pressure of spring (2.03) with corresponding tooth socket (2.18), Loose piece (2.24) is separated with tooth socket (2.17).Gear (2.07) constantly rotate, loose piece (2.23,2.24) respectively with respectively it is corresponding Tooth socket (2.16,2.18), (2.15,2.17) accurately engage, separate, successfully operate, formed it is regular, accurate The rack gear up and down reciprocatingly rotating movement of gear.The entire detail technical features of this embodiment are shown in affiliated patent description secretary It carries；

Such as Fig. 2 .03 of gear and rack teeth mechanism described in specific embodiment 3 is shown referring to Fig. 2 .05：Its technical characteristics It is：Gear (2.07) is uniformly distributed with 6 gear teeth, but only makes 3 adjacent gear teeth (2.27,2.28,2.29), wherein breast wheel The width of tooth (2.28) is less than the width of its both sides gear teeth, and the width of the both sides gear teeth is equal (Fig. 2 .05 is shown)；Both sides rack gear On, tooth socket (2.11,2.19,2.20) corresponding with the gear teeth on gear and (2.22,2.21,2.05), each centre are made respectively Tooth socket (2.19,2.21) make on loose piece (2.26,2.25) respectively, when wheel and rack is engaged, first tooth (2.27) pressure Compel loose piece retrogressing resigning and pass through intermediate tooth socket to engage with preceding tooth socket, the stroke of rack frame (2.01) (is ibid sent out Dynamic the cylinder piston (3.07) stroke) corresponding gear corner (being equivalent to crank angle) is 180 degree, then gear shaft rotates 1 week piston Reciprocal 1 time, due to this technical characteristic, this gear and rack teeth mechanism is particularly advantageous to make relative to above-mentioned two gear and rack teeth mechanism The power mechanism of high speed engine.Its movement mechanism is as follows：When rack frame (2.01) is located at lower dead center, gear (2.07) up time Needle rotation, frame (2.01) are moved upwards from lower dead center, tooth socket (2.11) point on rack gear on the right of the gear teeth (2.29) and rack frame From, first run tooth (2.27) is engaged with tooth socket (2.05) on the rack gear of the left side and is moved upwards, the gear teeth (2.28,2.29) respectively successively with Tooth socket (2.21,2.22) engagement runs the intermeshing gear teeth and tooth socket when carrying out and successively disengages, until rack frame (2.01) when reaching top dead centre, the gear teeth (2.29) and tooth socket (2.22) enter disengaged condition；Frame (2.01) from lower dead center to While upper movement, tooth socket (2.11,2.19,2.20) and gear (2.07) relative motion, first run tooth (2.27) and loose piece (2.26) tooth socket (2.19) are recessed on when meeting, due to the width of the gear teeth (2.27) be greater than the width of tooth socket (2.19) and with work Block (2.26) is of same size, and the gear teeth (2.27) will not fall into tooth socket (2.19) and compress loose piece (2.26) and retreat resigning, then suitable Benefit enters with tooth socket (2.20) to be engaged, when frame (2.01) reaches top dead centre, pressure of the loose piece (2.26) in spring (2.09) Under, it returns to original position and reconstitutes tooth socket (2.19,2.20), first run tooth (2.27) engages completion with tooth socket (2.20)；Tooth Wheel (2.07) continues to rotate, and frame (2.01) is moved downward from top dead centre, and the gear teeth (2.29) and tooth socket (2.22) disengage, the gear teeth (2.27,2.28,2.29) are engaged disengagement with tooth socket (2.20,2.19,2.11) respectively, in frame (2.01) from top dead centre While moving downward, tooth socket (2.22,2.21,2.05) and gear relative motion, on first run tooth (2.27) and loose piece (2.25) When recessed tooth socket (2.21) meet, with above-mentioned, the width of first run tooth (2.27) is greater than the width and and loose piece of tooth socket (2.21) (2.25) of same size, the gear teeth (2.27) pass through tooth socket (2.21) and oppress loose piece (2.25) and retreat and step down, Jin Eryu Tooth socket (2.05) enters engagement, and when frame (2.01) reaches lower dead center, spring (2.03) oppresses loose piece (2.25) and restores original position It sets, constitutes tooth socket (2.21,2.05) engagement and finish.Gear (2.07) continues to rotate, and gear frame (2.01) is past up and down therewith Multiple, the gear teeth continuation on gear (2.07) is successively engaged with the tooth socket on rack gear, is disengaged, successive cycle operation.This embodiment Entire detail technical features are shown in that affiliated patent specification is recorded.

It can be seen that from showing for above-mentioned technical characteristic and attached drawing 2.01,2.02,2.03：Make to start in this patent motor-driven Three kinds of gear and rack teeth mechanisms of force mechanisms：It is rolling friction between its gear and rack gear, and can easily makes required machine The gear teeth and tooth socket of tool intensity, then this kind of gear and rack teeth mechanism is used as power, and mechanism friction power is small, transmission efficiency is high, wears less, the longevity Life length, is able to satisfy the requirement of motor mechanisms load；It is able to satisfy engine power cycle and linear motion is changed into rotation fortune Requirement dynamic and that rotary motion is changed into linear motion；Have crank link mechanism in long-term practice and competition as a result, The advantages of establishing oneself in an unassailable position；Simultaneously as can be seen that the gear and rack teeth mechanism does not have unbalanced rotation inertia force and crank-pin The puzzlement of linear velocity height harm..01 is shown referring to Fig. 3：The cylinder piston (3.07) will be started to be connected to the rack frame (2.01) Upper surface on, then start that the cylinder piston (3.07) is moved synchronously with rack frame (2.01) and stroke is identical；The rack frame (2.01) the corresponding gear corner (being equivalent to crank angle) of stroke (i.e. piston stroke) is 60 degree, then, gear shaft (2.07) 1 week (being equivalent to crank rotation 1 week) piston (3.07) reciprocal 3 times is rotated, i.e., when gear shaft and crankshaft (are all power Axis) revolving speed it is identical when, starting the number of the cylinder piston (3.07) work done is 3 times of crank link mechanism piston work done number.By This, in diameter, stroke and gear shaft (the being equivalent to crankshaft) revolution for starting the cylinder piston and crank link mechanism engine phase (pressurization and other conditions wouldn't be counted) simultaneously, from the approach of power take-off mechanism, the power of engine is improved 3 times；Due to 3 (i.e. work done 3 times) gear shafts (being equivalent to crankshaft) of piston reciprocating rotate 1 week, and single-cylinder engine starts angle between being under fire in cylinder Angle is identical (being all 120 °) between being under fire existing two-stroke three-cylinder engine, (wouldn't count it the two single cylinder dischargeable capacity is identical His condition) when, single-cylinder engine can use for existing two-stroke three-cylinder engine.From Fig. 2 .01 gear upper right corner gear teeth and tooth socket Moving dotted line (phase after wheel and rack engagement when frame returns to top dead centre) can also be seen that the tooth when starting to break out in cylinder Item and gear be in tangent phase, when this phase and crank link mechanism start to break out in cylinder, piston, connecting rod, crank-pin, Phase at crankshaft in a straight line compares as it can be seen that starting maximum explosive force moment in cylinder, the speed of the former piston decline Speed than the decline of the latter piston is nearly 8 times or more fast, and significantly the Shangdi of several times reduces the mechanical load of system, keeps away The puzzlement for having exempted to start maximum explosive force harm in cylinder, realizes super high pressure-charging for engine, the harm for overcoming in-cylinder pressure to increase severely It creates condition.

A kind of China's patent of invention " ZL200710193938.X, ' booster body of reciprocating piston internal combustion engine ' " (notification number CN101289956B, 22 days June 2011 day for announcing) in a kind of engine block inner piston described in specific embodiment 1 it is reciprocal Formula booster body and its system setting, if Fig. 3 .01 is shown, are mainly technically characterized by：The preceding patent of engine A kind of ' gear and rack teeth mechanism ' of " ZL200710147446.7 " invention makees power mechanism (3.06), the upper end of the institutional framework Face connection is started the cylinder piston (3.07), and pressurized cylinder piston (3.05), pressurized cylinder piston are made or coupled in lower end lateral connection part Diameter be twice or more for starting the cylinder piston diameter, then, rack-and-pinion frame be power take-off mechanism frame again be increase Institutional framework, two-piston move synchronously by the connection of frame and stroke are identical, constitute in a kind of engine block and power mechanism Compound supercharging level reaches the piston reciprocating type super high pressure-charging mechanism of ≈ 4.Fig. 3 .01,3.02 are shown：Pressurized cylinder (3.16) and fuselage Surrounding casing is fixedly connected, and inlet channel (3.01) and compressed air store gas channel (3.04) and be located at pressurized cylinder bottom plate (3.20) below；Fig. 3 .05 is shown, and is stored below gas channel (3.04) under compressed air, is equipped in pressurized cylinder and is sucked air The regulating and controlling mechanism of amount, the mechanism are stretched out the stem head outside engine bottom cover board by compressed air check-valves (3.03), couple rocking bar (3.17) left end, the connection of rocking bar (3.17) other end adjust telescopic rod (3.29), are adjusting telescopic rod (3.29) and flat spring (3.18) under interacting, pressurized air closure of check ring gap is adjusted, suitable compressed air is made to return to pressurized cylinder It is interior, the amount of every working cycles pressurized air in pressurized cylinder is regulated and controled with this, starts every work in cylinder to follow to reach regulation indirectly The purpose of the air-supplied amount of ring (about the specific control technique scheme of this mechanism, has in patent of invention ZL200710193940.7 It is documented in body mode 7).Fig. 3 .03,3.04, which are combined, to be shown：Upper compressed air store gas channel (3.09,3.04) by Pipeline (3.19) connection stores gas channel (3.09) on pressurized air, encircles and start cylinder air inlet (3.10) section, to starting cylinder (3.11) vortex air feed is realized in and is formed starts cylinder (3.11) pedestal (starting part under cylinder).Fig. 3 .06 is shown：Exhaust pipe (3.23) above entrance, be equipped with exhaust driven gas turbine sucking air back valve (3.22), when start cylinder exhaust valve (3.21) close When, air is sucked from check-valves (3.22) using the rotation of exhaust gas turbine, prevents the surge of exhaust gas turbine, exhaust valve (3.21) After unlatching, check-valves (3.22) is automatically closed, and exhaust work is normally carried out；Above pressurized cylinder air intake pipe orifice, it is equipped in pressurized cylinder Middle cold compression water spraying mechanism, in pressurized cylinder air-breathing to air inlet water spray；This water spraying mechanism and its regulation are special in another invention It is made in sharp " ZL200710193940.7 ", technical characteristic and working principle, in affiliated patent of invention It is documented in " ZL200710193940.7 " specification specific embodiment 6 and (is detailed in the patent specification).The pressurization The working mechanism of system is as follows：Fig. 3 .01 is shown, when starting cylinder (3.11) work done, two-piston DL synchronization, and pressurized cylinder piston (3.05) compression has sucked the air of pressurized cylinder (3.16), meanwhile, by filtered air from engine capping air inlet (3.13) it sucks in engine body, into the intracorporal air of machine, flows through and start cylinder top heat dissipation piece, pass through engine down Ventilation opening (3.08) and power mechanism frame hollow position and other spaces on body tabula, are then stored in pressurized cylinder top Space (i.e. pressurized cylinder piston (3.05) above)；When starting the cylinder piston (3.07) to come downwards to start vicinity on cylinder air inlet, row Air valve (3.21) is opened, and exhaust starts, and turbine sucking air back valve (3.22) is automatically closed simultaneously；Pressurized cylinder piston (3.05) continue to compress the air in pressurized cylinder, when the pressure of air in pressurized cylinder is more than to store the pressure of gas in-passage pressure contracting air When power, compressed air check-valves (3.03) is opened, and compressed air enters compressed air and stores gas channel, storage of temporarily standing for a long while；Start cylinder living When plug (3.07) comes downwards to opening and starts cylinder (3.11) air inlet (3.10), compressed air is to be vortexed into starting cylinder, to starting It the cylinder piston top surface and constitutes the scavenging of combustion chamber recess and simultaneously realizes cooling, while to starting cylinder to carry out scavenging and cooling, scavenging Work terminates, and exhaust valve (3.21) is closed, and exhaust work terminates, the sucking air back valve (3.22) above exhaust pipe import It is opened under the blasting action of turbine, cooling is realized to exhaust valve and exhaust pipe import position, and prevent exhaust driven gas turbine surge (note：This states sucking air back valve and is only limitted to put-put and prevents exhaust driven gas turbine surge and apply, in multicylinder engine or On the impossible surge engine of exhaust driven gas turbine, this sucking air back valve is then cancelled and can not be used).Piston continues traveling downwardly To lower dead center, start cylinder air inlet (3.10) standard-sized sheet, pressurized cylinder compressed air check-valves (3.03) is closed, and piston is from lower dead center Upward anti-row, pressurized cylinder suck air back valve (3.02) and open, and the work of pressurized cylinder air-breathing starts to carry out, at the same time, in it is cold Water injection nozzle is mixed with air to pressurized cylinder blast pipe (3.14) water spray, water mist into pressurized cylinder, absorbs air stream in cylinder Hot vapour through generating when the cooling heat carried and air compress on the way, is achieved in middle cold compression in pressurized cylinder；Piston returns row Rise and the cylinder piston (3.07) compression is initially started to start cylinder (3.11) and store in gas channel with the compressed air for starting cylinder to be connected to Air, until starting cylinder (3.11) and the compressed air stored in gas channel to separate when cylinder air inlet (3.10) being started to close, storing gas The storage of standing for a long while of pressure when air in channel is maintained spaced apart by is storing in gas channel, starts air in cylinder with starting the cylinder piston (3.11) rising continues compression until piston arrival top dead centre, starts compression work completion in cylinder, at the same time, pressurized cylinder Interior air-breathing work is completed, and pressurized cylinder breather check valve (3.02) is closed.Piston is moved downward from top dead centre, and lower whorl circulation starts, So circulation.

Showing from above-mentioned technical characteristic and attached drawing can be seen that：One kind of patent " ZL200710193938.X " invention Booster body in engine block, transmission is direct, structure is simple, and workpiece and the operating for being sufficiently used power mechanism are empty Between, transient response is quick, can easily realize the super high pressure-charging of supercharging level ≈ 4 and be easy to implement in pressurization in-cylinder water injection Cold compression, the regulation with amount of charge air are arranged, and can control to feed indirectly and start air capacity in cylinder, can it is all it is big, It is applied on medium and small reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, comprehensively overcomes the defect and shortcoming of the existing turbo-charged mode. After this technical solution is implemented, existing exhaust gas turbine can be used to recycle the energy carried in exhaust, increase the thermal effect of engine Rate makes engine become Turbocompound engine drive.Detail technical features are recorded referring to the patent of invention specification.

China's patent of invention " combined mechanism and regulator control system of a kind of tappet of ZL200710193940.7 ' and the tappet ' " (notification number CN101205861B, 23 days Mays 2012 day for announcing), one kind has been invented first and has been fixed on and starts the cylinder piston same A kind of tappet and a kind of setting on the power mechanism frame (that is to say booster body frame) of step movement is in bonnet plate On rocker device initiative is made to work system each in engine and its regulator control system then based on this two invention Invention (each entire technical characteristic specifically invented and working principle, are detailed in the record of the patent specification and showing for attached drawing Out), specifically invention and its technical characteristic are briefly described below：

A kind of tappet described in specific embodiment 1：Fig. 4 .03 is combined to show on the right of Fig. 4 .01：It is moved synchronously with cylinder is started Power mechanism frame (4.01) on fix a kind of tappet (4.02)；As shown in Fig. 4 .02：The tappet head (4.03) and rocker arm (4.06) opposite one side, axial along rocker arm shaft, according to the running parameter of driven member pump nozzle (4.08) each operating condition, (oil spout is mentioned Anterior angle, injection rate, distributive value) line from minimum to maximum duty makes the operating shape of similar cam work performance, figure In：Line segment a '-a " is buffering starting line, and a-b is injection advance angle initial point line, and a-c is fuel injection end line, is also simultaneously The line of distributive value parameter, b-c are injection rate lines；When piston-top surface is located at lower dead center, the work of tappet head operating shape Initial point works the distance between initial point below away from rocker arm (4.06), is equal to piston stroke S- (S/180 °) × injection advance angle, with this Determine the total length of the position of operating shape work initial point and tappet on tappet head (4.03)；When engine operating, tappet head (4.03) when operating shape rises driving rocker arm (4.06) on, nozzle (4.08) just ginseng on the corresponding operating shape of rocker arm is pumped Several lower work；

Specific embodiment 2：A kind of tappet and a kind of rocker device described in specific embodiment 1 and pump nozzle are constituted A fuel pump spray system：Combine on the right of Fig. 4 .01 referring to the right Fig. 5 .01 and shows：The rocker arm (4.06) is fixed on and is shaken On bar axis (4.07), fixing end makes another special-shaped rocker arm (4.05) of arm head transmission, when rocker shaft (4.07) drive rocker arm (4.06) when being axially moved with rocker shaft, the arm head made slides in the arm head shifting chute that special-shaped rocker arm is formed；Referring to figure 5.01 showing：Special-shaped rocker arm (4.05) one end actively covers on rocker arm shaft (4.07), by the fixed axial position of axle bed, makes different Type rocker arm (4.05) only fluctuates, and axial position is constant, its other end is pressed in pump nozzle (4.08) plunger pump head On, it is remained unchanged with the axial position of plunger pump head contact point；A drawing is set between special-shaped rocker arm (4.05) and the pump nozzle pump housing Power spring keeps the contact of special-shaped rocker arm (4.05) arm head with pump nozzle (4.08) pump head, tappet head described in embodiment 1 (4.03) when driving rocker arm (4.06) rises, press pump sprays under one end that special-shaped rocker arm (4.05) is kept in contact with pump nozzle (4.08) Nozzle (4.08) plunger pump head, work of pump nozzle (4.08) with regard to progress fuel pump spray.Rocker shaft (4.07) (i.e. sliding axle) and axis Seat is slidably connected, and operation rocker shaft is axially moved, and makes the corresponding tappet head of the rocker arm (4.06) being fixed on sliding axle (4.07) (4.03) on operating shape when the position of any duty parameter, pump nozzle (4.08) is just under the running parameter of any operating condition Work；

A kind of fixed tappet and a kind of rocker device as described in specific embodiment 1 and specific embodiment 2 and pump spray The fuel pump that nozzle is constituted sprays system, eliminates traditional timing gear, cam mechanism, fuel pump, high-pressure oil pipe, oil return Space in component needed for pipe and its fixed and connection and the engine block of occupied a large amount of preciousnesses, compact-sized, biography Dynamic directly it is complicated and cause the undesirable factor of system working performance to eliminate existing fuel pump spray system structure, but also can be with By rocker shaft, that is, sliding axle, (axial movement that (4.07) change with engine operating condition makes fuel pump spray work with engine work The variation work of condition.

It is secondary described in embodiment 3 to start in-cylinder water injection system：The left side Fig. 4 .01 is secondary to start in-cylinder water injection cooling System main view, referring to the left portion Fig. 5 .01 show it is secondary start in-cylinder water injection mechanism plan structure, two figures, which are combined, to be shown, should The tappet (4.16) of system is fixed on the frame (4.01) of power mechanism (referring to Fig. 4 .03), tappet head (4.15) and rocker arm (4.12) and special-shaped rocker arm (4.13) and rocker arm shaft (4.11), with the structure of fuel pump spray system and regulate and control method pair It answers identical；Except that it is to have that the operating shape on tappet head (4.15), which moves downward (i.e. tappet (4.06) retreats downlink), Imitate impulse stroke, when piston is located at top dead centre, operating shape also is located at top dead centre on tappet head (4.15), work initial point to Under, distance of operating shape of spraying water for the first time on tappet head (4.15) the water spray initial point away from rocker arm (4.12) top work initial point, etc. The distance (in-cylinder water injection initial point is started to be obtained by designing) for starting in-cylinder water injection initial point is come downwards in piston-top surface.Similarly, it determines Secondary water spray operating shape water spray initial point can also be determined and be sprayed for the first time away from the distance between rocker arm (4.12) top work initial point Distance between water initial point and second of water spray initial point, and derive the total length of tappet；Tappet head is sprayed water for the first time on (4.15) With the operating shape of second of water spray, sprayed by the running parameter of the first time water spray and second of water spray that design referring to fuel pump The production method of system operating shape is made；Pump nozzle (4.09) plunger pump compresses aqueous from bottom to top and sprays from nozzle；

It is above-mentioned it is secondary start in-cylinder water injection cooling system, not only with the transmission that has of fuel pump spray system directly, Structure is simple, be convenient for arrangement and by the regulation to its rocker arm shaft, that is, sliding axle (4.11), realization system becomes with engine operating condition The advantages of chemical industry is made.Its great good effect also resides in：Except the theory and specific value of water-spraying control running parameter value (relevant discussion and technical solution are in patent application " application number 201410020453.0, a kind of title ' work except method is undisclosed Fill in reciprocating I. C. engine cooling spray system ' " in propose), it is described it is secondary start in-cylinder water injection cooling system, formulated one kind It is novel, from the approach started in cylinder, determine the cooling technology scheme and technological means at position, constant speed rate work at regular time and quantity, should Novel cooling technology scheme, if work under the running parameter that the correct theory for cooling down value and method obtain【Before pressing (0007) section tail is infused, and (has obtained utility model patent, the patent No. with patent application " 201410020453.0 " " ZL201420022888.4 ") in when working under the water spray parameter that obtains of the new water spray parameter value scheme invented】, can slap The process of the temperature of mixture combustion and burning in cylinder is started in control, from the approach started in cylinder, ensure launch device not by Under the premise of thermic load harm safely and reliably works, substantially avoids caused by the existing type of cooling about 30% and start cylinder The loss of the fuel thermal efficiency, while substantially avoiding starting the generation of various inefficient combustion pollutants in cylinder；

A kind of secondary fuel pump spray system described in specific embodiment 4：As Fig. 4 .01 combination Fig. 4 .10 is shown：The system with The fuel pump that the preceding embodiment 1 and 2 is constituted sprays the different technical characteristic of system：Its tappet is still used described primary Fuel pump sprays the tappet of system, and only the operating shape on tappet head is different, and fuel pump spray twice is made above the tappet head Operating shape, the operating shape of second of fuel pump spray are made below fuel pump spray system operating shape；Twice The operating shape of fuel pump spray is sprayed the ginseng of work by the running parameter and second of fuel pump of the first time fuel pump spray designed Number is made respectively；Thus described, secondary fuel pump sprays system, is only that the operating shape on tappet head is different, only need as a result, by The tappet head of fuel pump spray system changes secondary fuel pump spray system tappet head into, and the fuel pump spray system becomes Secondary fuel pump sprays system.Its good effect is：Start the burning work in cylinder convenient for tissue, especially can be achieved on hair Gasoline mechanical type spraying in dynamic cylinder, the gasoline mist sprayed into for the first time are mixed with the air sucked in cylinder is started, and it is diluter to form concentration Gaseous mixture, be easy to implement higher pressure ratio, improve the thermal efficiency of engine, the second gasoline mist sprayed into, due to starting It is compressed big compared with the mixed gas density of dilute concentration in cylinder, the opposite reduction of range of mist of oil is sprayed into, is formed at igniting suitable In the gaseous mixture of the high concentration of ignition, convenient for starting ignition combustion event in cylinder to go on smoothly, this secondary fuel oil as a result, Pump spray system can be used for gasoline engine and make fuel pump spray system；

Overhead exhaust system described in specific embodiment 5, as Fig. 4 .04 is shown：The main feature and driving of the system structure Mode and regulation method with secondary described in embodiment 3 start in-cylinder water injection cooling system essentially identical, except that Only make an operating shape on the tappet head (4.20) of tappet (4.17), the operating shape is by the exhaust work parameter that designs (exhaust timing and capacity) makes；Work initial point on tappet head (4.20) below operating shape is away from rocker arm (4.23) top Work the distance of initial point, comes downwards to equal to piston-top surface from top dead centre and starts in cylinder that (predischarge initial point is by designing for predischarge initial point Obtain) between distance, tappet head (4.20) moves downward, when operating shape drives rocker arm (4.23), special-shaped rocker arm (4.21) to Upper movement drives exhaust valve (4.26) to rise, and certain height is opened with the parameter on operating shape, later, rocker arm (4.23) It is slided on the vertical plane of operating shape, the height that exhaust valve (4.26) is kept it turning on is constant, and combustion gas continues to be discharged, this section The time of exhaust duration is determined that exhaust is finished by design parameter, and rocker arm (4.23) and operating shape are detached from, tension spring (4.19) make exhaust valve closure.It is different when operating shape drives up rocker arm (4.23) from lower dead center return on tappet head (4.20) Type rocker arm (4.21) makees downwards lost motion, and after rocker arm (4.23) is detached from operating shape driving, tension spring (4.24) pulling force makes Special-shaped rocker arm (4.21) sets back.Its good effect is to be changed by the system rocker arm shaft, that is, sliding axle with engine operating condition Axial movement, it can be achieved that system changes with the operating condition of engine and work is exhausted, be conducive to start to spray for second in cylinder Water conservancy project is accurately implemented；

Middle cold compression water injection system in pressurized cylinder described in specific embodiment 6, which, which says good-bye, moves regulation and with engine Operating condition regulates and controls two parts, mainly introduces the part with engine operating condition variation work below, and main feature such as Fig. 4 .05 shows Out：The secondary side for starting in-cylinder water injection cooling system tappet (4.16) make tappet head (4.27) (this tappet head namely It is operating shape), corresponding with the pump plunger pump head of nozzle (4.28), transfer tube nozzle plunger pump head retreats when rising, and compressing pumps Intracavitary aqueous enters nozzle, realizes the work of pump water spray liquid；It is (double in figure to pump nozzle (4.28) face pressurized cylinder air intake pipe orifice Dotted line is shown)；The side tappet head (4.27) that tappet (4.16) the shaft side is made is moved with piston synchronous, rises transfer tube When nozzle (4.28) pump water spray liquid, just synchronous with the process of air is sucked in pressurized cylinder, the water mist and air that pump nozzle sprays It is mixed and enters in pressurized cylinder, heat absorption vaporization, plays the role of middle cold compression during air compresses in pressurized cylinder；Figure 4.05 combine Fig. 4 .06,4.07 to show：The rack gear being fixed on the sleeve (4.34) moved synchronously with sliding axle (4.14) (4.40), with the gear teeth meshing made on driving member (4.33)；It adjusts sliding axle (4.14) to axially move, drives transmission The sector movement of component (4.33) below, the movement of this sector pass through pull rod (4.29) and pump nozzle (4.28) column Spring cooperation on plug pump, the plunger for adjusting pump nozzle (4.28) are retreated (Fig. 4 .06 is shown), and the water spray of pump nozzle is adjusted with this Work, i.e. manipulation sliding axle (4.14) are axially moved with engine operating condition, so that it may adjust pump nozzle (4.28) with engine The variation of operating condition carries out the work of pump water spray liquid；The good effect of this work system is can neatly to grasp pressurized air The composition of temperature and moisture can grasp the temperature for starting combustion gas in cylinder indirectly, thus start in-cylinder water injection system with secondary Cooperation eliminates thermic load to the harm of launch device and the generation for avoiding starting inefficient combustion pollutant in cylinder, can also save increasing Pressure compression wasted work；In addition, pressurized air infeed is when starting cylinder, to starting the cylinder piston and to start inside wall of cylinder face that can play cooling Effect；

Pressurized cylinder air inflow regulator control system described in specific embodiment 7：The regulation of the system also has regulation manually and with hair Motivation operating condition changes auto-control two ways, briefly introduces below special with the technology of engine operating condition variation regulator control system Sign：Fig. 4 .08 combines Fig. 4 .05,5.01 shows, middle cold compression water injection system sliding axle in preceding (0031) the section pressurized cylinder (4.14) gear teeth made on activity member disk (5.55) on the rack gear (4.38) that endpiece is made, with lifting screw (4.60) shoulder (5.38) (showing referring to Fig. 5 .01) is engaged；Disk (5.55) leans on pressurized cylinder inhaled air volume regulating and controlling mechanism adjusting rod (5.73) (inhaled air volume regulating and controlling mechanism in the pressurized cylinder that (0021) section patent of invention " ZL200710193938.X " is recorded before i.e. Adjusting rod (3.29)) one side, make arc translating cam (5.61) along first disk side in disk (5.55) plane；(0021) (Fig. 5 .01 shows when Duan Suoshu sliding axle (4.14) (i.e. marking (5.14) in Fig. 5 .01) is axially moved with engine operating condition variation Out), the rack gear (5.38) that endpiece is made drives the gear teeth on first disk (5.55), keeps the arc movement on first disk (5.55) convex Wheel (5.61) makees advancing and retreating movement；Under the movement of arc translating cam (5.61) and pressurized cylinder inhaled air volume adjusting rod (5.73) Flat spring (3.18) cooperation of the inhaled air volume regulating and controlling mechanism (preceding (0031) section makes brief introduction, and Fig. 3 .05 is shown) of face connection (since cold water injection system shares sliding axle (4.14) in the system and pressurized cylinder), can be such that pressurized cylinder inhaled air volume regulates and controls Mechanism changes work with engine operating condition；The good effect of this system is：By the regulation to amount of charge air in pressurized cylinder, Regulation starts the air capacity in cylinder to feed with the variation of engine operating condition indirectly；This system and fuel pump spray system cooperation, can Holding starts gaseous mixture in cylinder to have a best thermal efficiency air-fuel ratio to be also convenient for understanding while improving the thermal efficiency of the engine The temperature for starting mixture combustion in cylinder with control is conducive to middle cold compression water spray in pressurized cylinder and starts secondary water spray in cylinder Specific implementation；

Conjuncted delivery pump described in specific embodiment 9, Fig. 4 .09 show, are mainly technically characterized by：Drive disjunctor defeated The tappet (4.18) for sending pump (4.63) is fixed on power mechanism frame (4.01) (referring to Fig. 4 .03), conjuncted delivery pump (4.63) it is connected in parallel and is constituted by fuel oil plunger pump and aqueous plunger pump, the pump head of two pumps is made below the pump housing respectively；Pump head Compression terminal is located at the distance of lower dead center away from tappet crown face, equal to the length of piston stroke；Tappet (4.18) compresses simultaneously simultaneously Two pump heads of connection, conjuncted delivery pump disposably pump out a certain amount of and fuel oil and aqueous of certain pressure respectively, are conveyed to fuel oil It pumps nozzle pump chamber and aqueous pumps nozzle pump chamber, extra fuel oil and aqueous are flowed out from respective overflow valve.Its advantage is that can pass through The pressure of regulation relief valve liquid outflow, by the fuel oil or aqueous of design requirement output certain pressure, proportioning pump nozzle pump chamber column The repressurization of plug reaches the requirement of superpower pressure, optimizes atomizing effect, system structure is compact simple, convenient for arrangement；

The pump of oil delivery described in specific embodiment 10, Fig. 4 .05 show, are mainly technically characterized by：With piston type list Rod bidirectional output pump makees oil delivery pump (4.39), and longer rod upper section is equipped with sleeve, sleeve lower end and pump above the pump housing Compression spring is housed between body, head is pumped out and presses closer the part of power mechanism frame (4.01) side stretching (referring to the left side Fig. 4 .03 Show), the stroke of pump housing piston is equal to the stroke for starting the cylinder piston；When power mechanism frame downlink, side extension (4.01) while compressing pumps out bar and pumps out pump housing cavity of resorption inner engine oil downwards, pump housing epicoele sucks machine oil；On power mechanism frame When row, the pressure of compressed spring makes pump housing piston pump out the machine oil of pump chamber, and lower pump chamber sucks machine oil simultaneously.And so on, machine Oil constantly pumps out.Its major advantage is that drive system is direct, structure is simple, engine oil pressure that is high-efficient, transferring out is big. Every invention all detailed technical characteristics and working principle in the invention patent, look at the patent of invention specification record and Attached drawing is shown.

Patent of invention " ZL201112083190.9, title ' a kind of reciprocating piston internal combustion engine overhead comprehensive regulation system ', public affairs (patent of invention is by foregoing invention patent for announcement CN102562339B, 2014 days for announcing September 17 days " It is separated in ZL200710193940.7, therefore, the overhead comprehensive regulation system invented in the patent is that foregoing invention patent is real Apply comprehensive regulation system described in mode 8).The technical characteristics of the system such as Fig. 5 .01,5.02 are shown：With a laterally connection Plate (5.65) by it is secondary start in-cylinder water injection, fuel pump spray, overhead exhaust work system rocker arm shaft (5.11,5.07,5.04) (i.e. sliding axle) regulates and controls the shared sliding axle of two systems together with cold compression water spray middle in pressurized cylinder and pressurized cylinder inhaled air volume (5.14) it transversely links；It is further fixed on electric switch (5.67) and armature (5.43) on lateral gusset piece (5.65), laterally joins Electric switch (5.67) on fishplate bar (5.65) is coupled by electric wire (5.52) with electromagnet (5.43)；It is connect with governor (5.56) Instruction telescopic rod (5.50) on be equipped with Instruction Plate (5.53), system by Instruction Plate (5.53) instruct (being instructed by governor), It is filled on electromagnet (5.43) energization magnetic force and each Self-controlled axis, that is, sliding axle (5.14,5.11,5.07,5.04) of the system Resultant force (the electromagnet energization magnetic force for the spring (5.59,5.66,5.51,5.75) matched>Spring force>System resistance) bivector traction, Make system with the variation work of engine operating condition.It is contacted when Instruction Plate (5.53) move ahead with electric switch (5.67), electromagnet (5.43) energization magnetic force pulls lateral gusset piece (5.65) to move ahead；Instruction Plate is retreated to be disengaged with electric switch, and electromagnet (5.43) is disconnected Electromagnetic force subsides, and resultant spring force retreats cross connecting plate (5.65)；When Instruction Plate (5.53) is stablized with engine operating condition at certain When one position, if electric switch (5.67) is contacted with Instruction Plate (5.53), electromagnet (5.43) is powered, and energization magnetic force pulls Cross connecting plate (5.65) moves ahead, and electric switch (5.67) and Instruction Plate (5.65) disengage, and electromagnet powers off magnetic force and subsides, and spring closes Power contacts electric switch (5.67) with Instruction Plate (5.53), and repeatedly with this, cross connecting plate (5.67) is dynamically with Instruction Plate (5.53) stablize in certain position；Then cross connecting plate (5.65) is moved with the Working pasition that Instruction Plate (5.53) instructs, So, each work system coupled on cross connecting plate (5.65) plays the sliding axle of regulating and controlling effect all with engine operating condition Change work, then couples the work system of each sliding axle (regulation axis) respectively all with the variation work of engine operating condition.Figure 5.05, it 5.07 is shown in conjunction with Fig. 5 .01：It is adjusted on the pole socket (5.49) of governor operating condition telescopic rod (5.50) equipped with first and second Plate (5.46,5.72), the first handle (5.48) and the first adjustable plate assembled in the head of governor telescopic rod (5.50) (5.46) cooperate, operate starting, closing, idling or the stepless time adjustment of engine, and can finely tune by the 5th nut (5.47)； Fig. 5 .05 is shown：The tail end connecting elements (5.68) (referring to Fig. 5 .06) of pull rod (5.69) is adjusted the speed, is adjusted the speed in the head of pull rod front end Second handle (5.70) and the second adjustable plate (5.72) cooperate, operation adjust pull rod retreat, make component (5.68) compress or loosen The governor spring of governor, thus regulates and controls the speed of engine, and the 6th nut (5.71) can be finely adjusted.This comprehensive regulation Good effect is, need to change work by described with engine operating condition and has the regulation of each work system of internal association to integrate, It is allowed to uniformly synchronously be in any same working cycles of any operating condition with the variation of engine operating condition, each leisure should It works under the running parameter of oneself of any same working cycles, the work of each work system is made organically closely to form one A whole work；The workpiece and its space occupied of regulated and controled work system is substantially simultaneously utilized, there is knot The advantages of structure is compact, easy to operate, convenient for assembly, detection, replacement and maintenance, compared with existing automatically controlled control technique, can save The a large amount of expense manufactured and repair；The entire detail technical features of the invention please be recorded referring to its specification.

Patent of invention, patent No. ZL201310434603.8, notification number CN103498729B, day for announcing 2016.01.06, Patented invention one kind starts the cylinder piston working environment consolidation system, and main technical characteristic such as Fig. 6 .01 is (referring to figure 4.04) show：The tappet (6.07) for each work system of composition invented in patent of invention " ZL200710193940.7 ", respectively It is distributed in the left and right and front for starting cylinder；Fig. 6 .02 (referring to Fig. 4 .01) is shown：Each tappet shaft original mechanical strength is increased to Can bear system positioning needed for mechanical strength, and rod body movement mouth make wear-resisting pressure block (6.09) reduce tappet with The abrasion (such as Fig. 6 .02 is shown) of movable mouth makes each tappet that there is reliable and stable accurate positioning function then to start cylinder That piston (6.03) each orientation obtains is accurate, stable, reliably positions；Above location measure, in conjunction with opposed pressurized cylinder piston It (is shown referring to Fig. 1 .01 and Fig. 3 .01) with the strict positioning function of pressurized cylinder, makes that the cylinder piston (6.03) is started to start cylinder (6.02) in when work, realize that accurately External force interference does not slide up and down, and as a result, will start the cylinder piston to be designed as being located at When lower dead center, except top section piston ring section stay in start cylinder tail portion for tuyere area section receive for air cooling in addition to, rest part stretch out Start outside cylinder, the cold air cooling for receiving to enter from body across clapboard ventilation opening (6.08) pressurized cylinder (is partially shown under Fig. 6 .02 Out), reach and eliminate piston heat load while endanger, significantly eliminate traditional piston starting in cylinder with start cylinder The friction of inner wall；Fig. 6 .02 is also shown：(there are 4 to lead to referring to Fig. 6 .02 in vertical ventilation mouth intrinsic on body across clapboard Air port) it is changed to outlet diminution, and towards the ventilation opening (6.08) for starting the cylinder piston stretching to start cylinder outer portion, it is living to cylinder is started It fills in row and strengthens cooling and lubrication work；Start the cylinder piston (6.03) inner cavity, makes connection piston-top surface combustion chamber (6.10) The cooling fin (6.11) of outside wall surface (positioned at the wall surface of piston cavity) and piston cavity wall surface, receives power mechanism (rack-and-pinion Mechanism) cooling of air and machine oil that is disturbed of high-speed rotation, flowing through the ventilation opening (6.08) cold air force it is cooling Under collective effect, the thermic load of the cylinder piston tip portion will be started to export, it is ensured that start the cylinder piston not affected by hot loading harm peace It reliably works entirely；

The speed of existing general internal combustion engine piston reciprocating, since high by piston group thermic load, crank link mechanism is uneven The harm such as the rotating inertia force of weighing apparatus, crank-pin linear velocity be high and centrifugal force is big, friction caused by roll force and roll force Limitation, mean piston speed increase can be such that above-mentioned unfavorable factor increases, and system work deteriorates, abrasion aggravation, service life decline, very To the damage for causing system, the speed of general maximum allowable value is no more than 15m/s.It is used as power machine when using gear and rack teeth mechanism Structure eliminates the harm that crank link mechanism imbalance rotating inertia force and centrifugal force are big and crank-pin linear velocity is high；In addition institute It states technological means and eliminates friction caused by the harm of piston group thermic load and the impact and roll force of roll force, while will hair Dynamic the cylinder piston largely stretch out start to be dramatically reduced outside cylinder piston with start the contact in inside wall of cylinder face；Comprehensively eliminate It is existing influence each unfavorable factor that mean piston speed maximum allowable value improves after, maximum that mean piston speed can be improved Allowable value estimation is as follows：(1) by the existing mean piston speed 15m/s each unfavorable factor when combines, and is referred to as " speed resistance rate ", if this " speed resistance rate " is 1, if this " speed resistance rate " is reduced, mean piston speed is increased accordingly；If this " speed resistance rate " increases, then mean piston speed correspondingly reduces, this " speed resistance rate " is inversely proportional with mean piston speed；Again The technical solution and gear and rack teeth mechanism are made into the unfavorable factor that both power mechanisms are eliminated jointly and the " speed eliminated The numerical value of resistance rate ", conservatively value is 0.7-0.75, then the numerical value of remaining speed resistance rate is 0.3-0.25, and piston reciprocating is flat Equal speed maximum allowable value can be：50-60m/s；(2) it is estimated compared with crank-pin linear velocity：It takes and crank-pin linear velocity Correlation values：Cylinder diameter D₁=85mm, stroke S=90mm, crank pin end pore internal diameter (piston pin diameter is made with this internal diameter) D₂= 48mm, mean piston speed c_m≤ 18m/s (≈ 18m/s) (the above numerical value selects from Baidu and introduces engine).By：Crank-pin around Crank rotation, outside diameter D₃=S+D₂, then crank-pin rotates perimeter=(90mm+48mm) × 3.14=433mm of outer circle； It is synchronous with crank rotation 1 week by subsequent cycle on piston, in addition, piston speed c when piston stroke is 90mm_m≈18m/s；If bent The linear velocity of handle pin is X, then X=18m/s × (433 ÷ 2S) ≈ 43m/s.Due to starting the cylinder piston after Optimization Work environment Movement, more than under the influence of uneven rotating inertia force and starting movement work under explosion pressure in cylinder, crank-pin It will easily much；If the linear velocity of the crank-pin to be set to the maximum allowable value of mean piston speed, this piston is flat Equal speed maximum allowable value still has abundant raising space.Now in conjunction with aforementioned piston speed c_m≈ 50-60m/s takes piston average Speed maximum allowable value is 45m/s.3 times still up to existing maximum allowable value 15m/s of this value.Then from raising mean piston speed The approach of maximum allowable value, in the case where other conditions are constant, the power of engine, which is risen to mean piston speed, is 3 times of power when 15m/s.

Utility model patent, patent No. ZL201420022888.4, notification number CN2037301114U, the day for announcing 2014.07.23 (patent has submitted patent application, application number " 201410020453.0, title with regard to same content on the same day ' a kind of reciprocating piston internal combustion engine cooling spray system ', date of publication 2014.06.25 ").A kind of cooling system invented in the patent System can be determined position, be changed timing with engine operating condition, is fixed by what is invented in patent of invention " ZL200710193940.7 " Amount, the work of constant speed rate, secondary start in-cylinder water injection cooling system (see on the tappet head shown in Fig. 7 .01,7.02,7.03 the The operating shape (7.02) of the operating shape (7.01) and second of water spray once sprayed water simultaneously is remembered referring to preceding (0027-0028) section Carry) and pressurized cylinder in institute in middle cold compression water injection system ((0031) section is recorded see before) and patent application " 201310434603.8 " It states and the cylinder piston cooling technology means ((0036) section is recorded see before and Fig. 6 .02 is shown) is started to constitute；Its task is：It will be above-mentioned cold But technical solution and technological means are uniformly summarized as cooling system, plan as a whole cooling of the ground design to system；With it is neoteric, The theory and method of water spray work parameter value, to the secondary work for starting middle cold compression water spray in in-cylinder water injection and pressurized cylinder How value makes Jie calmly to parameter；Its technical measures is：Pump water injection nozzle, which is placed in, starts in-cylinder combustion ceiling face thermic load most tight The position of weight；With the fuel oil with engine operating condition variation work invented in patent of invention " ZL200710193940.7 " Pump spray system (preceding (0025) section is recorded) or secondary fuel pump spray system (preceding (0029) section is recorded) and change with engine operating condition Pressurized cylinder in inhaled air volume regulator control system (preceding (0032) section record) cooperate, determining and holding starts cylinder fuel complete The best thermal efficiency air-fuel ratio burnt entirely, thus not only can be improved the thermal efficiency of engine, and can obtain and keep certain work Start the thermodynamic status for the burning that gaseous mixture is certain in cylinder under condition, and then learns and start the heat at the serious position of thermic load in cylinder negative Lotus situation, to determine that the running parameter of system water spray provides foundation；

Technical measures further include that secondary Jie for starting water spray running parameter for the first time in cylinder is fixed：(1) starting in cylinder At the time of not generating high temperature pollutants (a ' b ' c ' d ' d " c " b " a " a ' inner section in Fig. 7 .03) and when operating condition, from pump water injection nozzle Micro aqueous is oozed out, serious position is endangered to combustion chamber top surface thermic load and is cooled down, the running parameter of infiltration, by At the time of combustion chamber top surface thermic load occurs, size, rate determine；(2) start to generate high temperature pollution NO operating condition (figure in cylinder Abcdd ' c ' b ' a ' a section in 7.03) water spray work bound of parameter is fixed：The timing selection of this water spray is generating NO critical-temperature At the time of appearance.The operating condition of certain generation NO has certain calorific value in cylinder at the time of generation NO critical-temperature occurs, The aqueous sprayed into cylinder at this time is more, and fuel gas temperature decline is lower, sprays into the top temperature that aqueous in cylinder is formed by water vapour group Degree is correspondingly low, and it is smaller that water vapour rolls into a ball explosive force；Conversely, the outburst impact force of water vapour group is bigger；Face as a result, in generation NO When boundary's temperature occurs, the outburst impact force that generation NO temperature occurs and water vapour is rolled into a ball can be inhibited maximum to starting to spray into cylinder Aqueous amount is best amount of water sprayed；This amount of water sprayed is started to produce in cylinder by the water spray moment (generate NO critical-temperature and go out current moment) The calorific value of NO temperature, the impact for spraying into high-temperature high-pressure steam group after heating heat absorption, heat absorption after aqueous is vaporized and vaporized make combustion gas Temperature and composition re-mix and the factors in combination such as piston work done rapid decrease determine；Earlier high-temperature fuel gas group life in cylinder It is suppressed at the temperature of nitrogen oxide NO and is re-mixed with gaseous mixture, mixed combustion gas is rapidly comprehensively burnt immediately, top End temperature steeply rises, and so piston work done simultaneously declines rapidly, when piston declines rapidly the temperature that cannot still inhibit to generate NO When there is also, then continue to occur and generate maximum explosive force water vapour to starting to spray into the temperature that can inhibit to generate NO in cylinder The aqueous amount of group, inhibits the generation (bcc ' b ' b section in Fig. 7 .03) of NO；It is suppressed generating NO temperature, combustion chamber top surface When thermic load is serious, its thermic load still is eliminated using the infiltration means and endangers (cdd ' c ' c section in Fig. 7 .03)；

Mobilize Jie of second of water spray (EFGG ' G " F " E " E ' E section in Fig. 7 .03) running parameter in cylinder fixed：Second of spray The timing of water, at the time of selection predischarge in cylinder terminates to scavenging the work is nearly finished, amount of water sprayed is according in cylinder under specific operating condition Workpiece in predischarge temperature, inside wall of cylinder upper section, exhaust outlet and exhaust valve, exhaust pipe import and pipeline and exhaust gas turbine Etc. hot load states determine；Above-mentioned component and the harm of section thermic load can be eliminated and least aqueous amount is best amount of water sprayed；

Jie of middle cold compression water spray running parameter is fixed in pressurized cylinder：Water spray timing and rate and breathing process in pressurized cylinder are same Step；Booster body is not operated at full capacity section (in Fig. 7 .07, a-b section in sector (7.04)), and amount of water sprayed is according to pressurized cylinder It sucks the amount of air, air themperature and has no substantial effect on defining for the best thermal efficiency of cylinder fuel and make, booster body It operates at full capacity section (sector (b-c section on 7.04) every working cycles water spray running parameter in Fig. 7 .07, in the area a-b On the basis of the fixed amount of water sprayed of segment limit, determined with meeting secondary the needs of starting in-cylinder water injection that NO is inhibited to generate；

Start middle cold compression water spray system in in-cylinder water injection system and pressurized cylinder with the secondary of running parameter work that define System starts the cylinder piston cooling technology (preceding (0049) section is recorded) structure together with what is invented in patent application " 201310434603.8 " At cooling system, main good effect is：Reliably eliminating system heat load harm, it is ensured that launch device safely may be used Under the premise of ground work, the generation for mobilizing high temperature pollutants NO in cylinder is avoided.It is most preferably hot by using fuel completely burned Efficiency air-fuel ratio, start in cylinder that bottom end temperature is high, high-temperature high-pressure steam group generates disturbance in cylinder and convection current can make it is mixed in cylinder After the temperature and composition for closing gas re-mix and reduce the thickness of the lower unburned mixture of temperature at casing wall and re-mix Quickly burning can eliminate the effect of the factors such as the generation of high temperature and low temperature pollutant comprehensively in cylinder, can reach from cooling skill The approach of art is starting that each inefficient combustion pollutant is comprehensively avoided to generate in cylinder, substantially eliminates available engine to atmosphere The phenomenon that a large amount of inefficient combustions of middle discharge are polluted.Start the water spray for inhibiting NO to generate in spraying water for the first time in cylinder, is to fully consider Produce the calorific value of NO temperature when accurate water spray in cylinder, earlier high-temperature fuel gas and unburned mixture re-mixes and piston Quick work done makes water spray after inhibiting effect, only being inhibited to producible NO high temperature to NO high temperature is generated, and sprays into water The amount of liquid is very small；Water spray after second of predischarge, working medium has finished extraneous work done and has entered useless in cylinder Air turbine this time carries out cooling water spray and the suppression in the cylinder and serious position of exhaust system thermic load to extraneous work done NO processed generates water spray, is all very small to the loss for starting cylinder fuel " fire is used " value (capacity for work)；In the pressurized cylinder Middle cold compression water spray and the cooling to the cylinder piston is started, the heat carried outside when will cool down are retained in work value；But above-mentioned cooling, Due to the heat absorption that heats up after the vaporization and vaporization of aqueous, (function inevitably is made to " fire is used " value for starting cylinder fuel Power) a certain amount of loss is caused, it is but, earlier in cylinder due to still can be used as working medium after water vapour heat absorption heating to extraneous work done High-temperature fuel gas quickly fully burns comprehensively after re-mixing with unburned mixture, and middle cold compression can save compression in pressurized cylinder There is best thermal efficiency air-fuel ratio etc. that can increase engine thermal efficiency in wasted work and each working cycles of each operating condition, It is offseted with this with the thermal efficiency of the loss, the cooling system, which not will cause substantially, starts cylinder fuel " fire is used " value The loss of (capacity for work)；Due to eliminating harm of the thermic load to device out of launch device, also just eliminate naturally existing There is the type of cooling in the cooling settings for starting about 30% fuel thermal efficiency loss and use caused by cooling outside cylinder, by engine The thermal efficiency be further added by about 30% (you can get it referring to attached drawing 8.08 and 8.09) on the basis of the existing thermal efficiency about 40%, then The thermal efficiency after increase is about 1.7 times of existing diesel, 2 times of existing gasoline engine.Simultaneously as the raising of the thermal efficiency, phase Reduce a large amount of CO with answering₂It is discharged into atmosphere, and the power of diesel engine can also correspondingly be increased by 0.7 times, The power of gasoline engine increases by 1 times.

Patent application " 201410208643.5 ' the starting cylinder and its exhaust setting of a kind of reciprocating piston internal combustion engine ' " (is announced Number " CN103993972A ", utility model patent number " ZL201420249261.2 "), it has invented a kind of from starting cylinder body upper section Setting exhaust outlet in side starts cylinder and its exhaust outlet and exhaust valve, and main feature such as Fig. 8 .01,8.03,8.04, which are combined, to be shown： Start cylinder cap plate (8.05) and start cylinder body (8.03) to be overall structure, the boss (8.06) made on cylinder cap plate (8.05) with Cylinder cap plate (8.05) is also integral, and exhaust outlet (8.04) makees the side below cylinder cap plate inner wall, the upper surface of boss (8.06) Make from top to bottom socket (8.07), the cross section of socket (8.07) it is identical as the cross section of exhaust outlet (8.05) (Fig. 8 .06, 8.07 show) and be mutually communicated, so that socket (8.07) space and exhaust outlet (8.04) spatial gap is integrally formed space； Fig. 8 .05 is shown：Exhaust valve is made of (8.10) three valve handle (8.14), valve cover (8.13), flashboard parts, flashboard (8.10) Make the shape of flashboard, with the entirety being linked to be with the socket spaces and exhaust outlet spatial gap below valve cover (8.13) Spatial form, which matches, makes；Fig. 8 .05 is shown：When closing exhaust outlet under pulling force of the exhaust valve in tension spring (8.12) (8.04) when, the right and left and bottom edge tight connecting of the right and left of flashboard (8.10) and bottom edge and the overall space, lock The inner edge of part matches with inside wall of cylinder face exhaust outlet notch is started under plate (8.10), makes to start inside wall of cylinder face complete as one Whole cylinder wall surface (Fig. 8 .02 is shown)；Valve cover (8.13) below except making the parts of flashboard (8.10), rest part with it is convex Platform (8.06) the part tight connecting in addition to making socket above；Fig. 8 .05 is shown：Valve handle and patent of invention Overhead exhaust system (8.15) connection invented in " ZL200710193940.7 ", makes exhaust valve in overhead exhaust system (8.15) under operation, with engine operating condition variation to starting cylinder that work is exhausted；Fig. 8 .01,8.03 are shown：Start cylinder tail Air inlet (8.02) section that section is made is inserted tightly into invent in patent of invention " ZL200710193938.X ", pressurization system What compressed air storage gas channel (8.01) was formed on system starts in cylinder seat, and air inlet (8.02) and the upper compression store gas and lead to The phase of road (8.01) cooperation can be such that compressed air starts in cylinder with powerful vortex infeed, convenient for the mixing of fuel and air Rapidly burn.

The good effect for starting cylinder：Change the prior art from starting that exhaust outlet and connection are arranged above cylinder cylinder cap plate Run in the mode of tracheae, the main work of work system invent in patent of invention " ZL200710193940.7 ", multinomial can be made It is arranged on the lamina tecti of engine to part and comprehensive regulation system compact, and not by starting to be vented thermic load in cylinder Harm；The overhead exhaust system and patent of invention invented in patent of invention " ZL200710193940.7 " are organically coupled The pressure charging system invented in " ZL200710193938.X ", makes this state two inventions in two patents in the entirety knot of engine Organically connection becomes working medium course of work running system in structure, in addition, tight, work can with closing exhaust outlet for exhaust valve It leans on, frictional force is small, wears less, service life length, good heat dissipation, especially has the advantages that convenient for assembly, detection, replacement and repair.

" a kind of recycling of internal combustion engine pure water of ZL200810169739.X ' is set with producing China's patent of invention Set ' ", the recycling and system of the engine pure water invented in (April 24 2013 notification number CN101434419B day for announcing) Setting is taken, is that one kind is connected in exhaust gas turbine exhaust pipe (9.01) subsequent setting, technical characteristics such as Fig. 9 .01 shows Out：The heat-radiation branch pipe group frame (9.03) that heat-radiation branch pipe in parallel is linked up with diaphragm plate (9.05,9.09) and is constituted, one end It is inserted into the shell (9.02) of the setting, constitutes the exhaust deceleration decompression chamber (9.06) and water coupled with exhaust pipe (9.01) Steam generating chamber (9.07), the other end connect separator box (9.10)；Fig. 9 .02 is shown：The shell side connection water of this setting steams Vapour cooling cylinder；The exhaust that aqueous water vapour generated is sprayed into when carrying engine high-temperature high pressure, into deceleration decompression chamber (9.06) after, flow velocity and pressure reduction, subsequently into heat-radiation branch pipe in parallel (9.03), (this branch pipe is that room occurs for water vapour outside (9.07) section), so far, water injection nozzle is sprayed water in steam generating chamber to heat-radiation branch pipe, is cooled down to the exhaust in branch pipe；Figure 9.02 showing：The water vapour generated of spraying water exports condensation branch pipe (9.15) cooling that (9.16) enter cooling cylinder from it, condensation Aqueous becomes the pure water produced, and flows into water tank (9.14), and the exhaust in heat-radiation branch pipe (9.03) is flowing into separator box (9.10) on the way cool down after, entrained water vapour is condensed into water droplet wash rice and goes out, flow into separator box through pipeline (9.12) and water The pure water produced in case (9.14) converges, for using when engine operation；Wash rice goes out the exhaust after water vapour, goes out through separator box Port (9.11) is discharged into atmosphere.

Good effect pure water recycling and produce setting：It saves and specially produces needed for engine pure water The expense that workshop, equipment, the energy, water source, transport, storage and manpower consume only need to consume a small amount of common clean water just The demand that can solve engine pure water implements water-spraying control technique easily.In addition, also having structure letter Single, removing scale easy to disassemble and maintenance, and the method choice of extension (or bending) turbine exhaust pipe can be taken suitable Installation site such as is easily installed arrangement manufacturing cost is low at the advantages.

The technical characteristic respectively invented that each patent of invention and patent application are made respectively in prior art described above, due to Content is more, inconvenient in this application to be described in detail, and can only select its main aspect outstanding and briefly make introduction, related comprehensive Detailed content, technical characteristic, working principle, please check the note of patent of invention belonging to each invention or affiliated patent application Load is shown with attached drawing.

The invention made in patent of invention described above, can respectively overcome the existing general internal combustion engine various defects and Shortcoming, but be difficult to apply on existing general internal combustion engine respectively and realize its good effect, only organically combine it To get up, collectively forms a kind of novel reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, each invention could fully be applied, then, the group At novel reciprocating piston internal combustion engine will comprehensively overcome the defect and shortcoming of the existing general internal combustion engine, institute The good effect aggregation for stating each invention, becomes a kind of list of the thermal efficiency of about 70%, relative to existing general internal combustion engine About 30 times of increase of power of position, under conditions of not adding tail gas decontamination plant, eliminates each inefficient combustion pollutant and arranges into atmosphere It puts, and the raising relative to the thermal efficiency, it is reciprocating interior correspondingly to reduce the novel piston that great amount of carbon dioxide is discharged into atmosphere Burn engine.

The invention made in the existing patent of invention, there is that job function is identical and function is different, effect and uses Way different invention therewith, if three kinds of gear and rack teeth mechanisms in patent of invention " ZL200710147446.7 " are (see the (0016-0019) section), crank link mechanism can be substituted and make engine power mechanism (described Fig. 2 .1 of (0017) section, 1.1 Show), but since respective technical characteristic is different, the corresponding gear corner difference of the stroke of especially rack frame It is different, such as the first gear and rack teeth mechanism, the corresponding gear corner (phase of stroke (i.e. piston stroke) of rack frame When in crank angle) it is 60 °, then 3 its gear shafts (being equivalent to crankshaft) of gear frame piston reciprocating only rotate 1 week；So use The engine of the first gear and rack teeth mechanism design, relative to crank link mechanism engine, in piston stroke and piston reciprocating In the identical situation of frequency, the former line shaft (gear shaft) revolving speed is the one third of the latter's line shaft (crank axle) revolving speed；That , in and the identical situation of mean piston speed identical in the two line shaft revolving speed, the former piston stroke is the latter's piston stroke One third, as a result, the former relative to the latter, the height of engine block will about reduce more than half, while relatively save The space of crank rotation, has correspondingly been dramatically reduced the volume and weight/power ratio of engine；Therefore the first rack-and-pinion Mechanism is particularly advantageous to invent a kind of low speed engine；Similarly, second and the third gear and rack teeth mechanism, respectively due to it Technical characteristic it is different, the corresponding gear corner of the stroke of respective rack frame is 90 ° and 180 °, then can use respectively In inventing a kind of middling speed and a kind of high speed engine.Also, the fuel oil invented in patent of invention " ZL200710193940.7 " Spray system and secondary fuel pump spray system (see (0025) section and (0029) section) are pumped, the former is used for invention diesel engine, after Person is then used for invention petrol engine；In patent of invention " 200710193938.X " first way booster body (see (0021) section and (0022) section), it is mutually compound with power mechanism " gear and rack teeth mechanism ", it is used for the reciprocal internal combustion of invention novel piston Machine；The booster body (not being described herein) of the second way, matches with power mechanism " crank link mechanism ", is used for Existing general internal combustion engine is transformed；A kind of setting invented in institute's patent of invention " ZL200710193938.X " is in exhaust pipe import Sucking air back valve above is only limitted to single cylinder or few Cylinder engine, prevents exhaust gas turbine from surge occurs and applies, turbine It can then be saved on no surge engine.Obviously the identical invention of above-mentioned job function, can only be according to setting in same engine Meter requires to select one and select, but can invent the different engine of each purposes respectively.

Existing general internal combustion engine, either diesel engine or gasoline engine, also either high low-medium speed or large, medium and small engine, While haveing the defects that the shared foregoing description and shortcoming, also there are respective defect and shortcoming respectively, by upper section The invention that is described, will being made in the existing patent, for each possessed defect of existing various types conventional internal combustion engine It is selected with shortcoming, novel work that eliminate various general internal combustion engine defects and shortcoming respectively, various can be invented Reciprocating internal combustion engine is filled in, existing conventional internal combustion engine is comprehensively replaced.

The patent application " a kind of piston reciprocating type single cylinder low speed engine " submitted on the same day with the application, with special using invention Gear and rack teeth mechanism described in the first specific embodiment in benefit " a kind of gear and rack teeth mechanism of ZL200710147446.7 ' ' " With the characteristics of (lower abbreviation " the first gear and rack teeth mechanism ") makees power mechanism, a kind of novel piston reciprocating type single cylinder has been invented The a series of put-put such as low-speed diesel engine, gasoline engine and single cylinder medium seed diesel engine, gasoline engine.It is described a series of small The unit power of h type engine h, enhances hair by a stridely by 30 times of about existing similar Conventional compact engine unit power The power of motivation reduces the weight/power ratio and volume of engine (whole good effects look at this application specification explanation)；But Since engine power axis (gear shaft) rotates 1 week piston reciprocating 3 times function, increase the frequency for starting the cylinder piston reciprocal It is 3 times of the identical conventional engine piston reciprocating frequency of existing revolution, when the revolving speed of design requirement is certain value, institute is right When the piston reciprocating frequency answered causes the average speed of piston to be more than the limitation of maximum allowable value, only reduce the stroke of piston, It equally causes to cause to start the defect that cylinder volume is small and cannot increase as existing conventional high speed engine piston stroke is short；? In this case, if desired increasing the power of engine, the cylinder number of only increase engine just be can solve, so that increasing Engine specific weight and volume, while the complexity of engine is increased, it brings tired in the manufacture of Large-power High-Speed engine Difficulty, increases the manufacturing cost of engine, is not able to satisfy application field and wishes big, small in size, the light-weight requirement of power；Contracting The small range of high speed engine application field.Drawbacks described above is illustrated below：

After each work system of internal combustion engine, which all meets set working performance, to be required, the size of power Depending on obtain participate in burning air capacity number.Only come generally with the air capacity for participating in burning in engine start cylinder below Calculate the power of " citing engine ".To now " the first gear and rack teeth mechanism " in patent of invention " ZL200710147446.7 " be used " second of gear and rack teeth mechanism " makees the engine that power mechanism is invented respectively, referred to as " engine " and " two start Machine ", if the revolving speed of this two engine is identical with mean piston speed, revolving speed=2700 rev/min, mean piston speed= 36m/ seconds (setting this piston speed as maximum allowable value).

1), " engine "：1 week piston reciprocating is rotated 3 times by the engine power axis, revolving speed=2700 rev/min, obtained " engine " piston reciprocal frequency=2700 rev/min per second × 60=135 times/second of 3 ÷；2), by mean piston speed 36m/s combines preceding formula, obtains 135 ÷ 2=13.3cm of " engine " piston stroke=36m/s × 100 ÷.Similarly：3), " two hairs Motivation " reciprocating frequence=2700 rev/min per second × 2 ÷, 60=90 time/second；4), " engine with two " piston stroke=36m/s × 100 ÷, 90 ÷ 2=20cm.Reference data " pressurization and its optimal control of diesel engine " (publishing house of Shanghai Communications University, Gu Hong In, Wu Jingchuan writes) the 8th face table " 1.3,1.4 " can obtain：" engine " piston stroke=13.3cm, piston diameter maximum are permitted With value=15cm；" engine with two " piston stroke=20cm, piston diameter maximum allowable value=23cm.

Following two engine of parameter is identical：If supercharging level=4, booster body efficiency=90% remove system loss and sweep Air efficiency=90%, excess air coefficient=1.2 after gas, if the air capacity for participating in burning is air-fuel mixture amount, heat vale of mixture =3750kJ/m³, engine thermal efficiency=60%, joint upper section 1), 2), 3), 4) segment parameter can obtain：

(1) " engine " power per cylinder=3750kJ/m³×((0.152×0.785×0.133×135×5)× (0.9 × 0.9) ÷ 1.2) × 0.60=2408kJ/ seconds；

(2) " engine with two " power per cylinder=3750kJ/m³×((0.23²×0.785×0.2×90×5)×(0.9× 0.9) ÷ 1.2) × 0.60=5676kJ/ seconds；

(3) 2408kJ/ seconds=2.36 times of ÷ of " engine with two " and " engine " power per cylinder ratio=5676kJ/ seconds.Increase Add power=2408kJ/ seconds=3268kJ/ seconds 5676kJ/ second one.

Two engine of the example above is equally meeting the revolving speed of design requirement and is equally using mean piston speed maximum Perhaps in the case where being worth reinforcing stimulus power, the power per cylinder of " engine with two " is 2.36 times of " engine " power per cylinder, Absolutely prove gear and rack teeth mechanism described in patent of invention " ZL200710147446.7 " specific embodiment 2 relative to same Gear and rack teeth mechanism described in patent specific embodiment 1 makees middling speed or high speed engine power mechanism, in reinforcing stimulus function Acquired significant good effect in rate.Turning for engine is not increased on the basis of power per cylinder ≈ 2500kJ/s especially Speed and mean piston speed do not use the technological means of the cylinder number or pressurization that increase engine, power are increased 1.36 times, Especially it is of great significance.A example above not example, due to " engine " line shaft rotates 1 week piston reciprocating 3 times, " engine with two " line shaft rotates 1 week piston reciprocating 2 times, in the revolving speed of the two engines situation identical with mean piston speed Under, no matter low speed middling speed or high speed engine, the stroke and corresponding diameter of " engine " piston, certainly less than " two start The stroke of machine " and corresponding diameter, the i.e. volume of " engine " single cylinder certainly less than " engine with two " single cylinder volume, That is power per cylinder of the power per cylinder of " engine " certainly less than " engine with two ".Therefore, flat in engine speed and piston Equal speed is certain value, needing to increase the power of engine and being not intended to the cylinder number (such as the citing) for increasing engine In the case of it is necessary to using second of specific implementation in patent of invention " a kind of gear and rack teeth mechanism of ZL200710147446.7 ' ' " " gear and rack teeth mechanism " described in mode makees the power mechanism of engine.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome background technology part [0004-0014] section existing conventional engine comprehensively, (i.e. existing crank connects Linkage piston reciprocating type internal combustion engine) relative to major defect existing for current social development and shortcoming, Yi Jiru Where will be made respectively for each defect of existing conventional engine and shortcoming in [0015-0050] section existing patent Invention (product) organically combine, make it is a kind of it is novel, comprehensively overcome existing conventional engine defect and Shortcoming, the thermal efficiency reach nearly 70%, and weight/power ratio is about the 1/25-1/30 with the existing conventional engine weight/power ratio of power, substantially The upper various inefficient combustion pollutants of elimination generate and the raising relative to the thermal efficiency correspondingly reduces great amount of carbon dioxide to atmosphere The piston reciprocating type engine of middle discharge, the task of the application are to invent a kind of piston reciprocating type single cylinder internal combustion engine first (diesel engine and gasoline engine), its technical solution is as follows：

In order to simplify and clearly state a kind of piston reciprocating type single-cylinder engine structure of the invention and be mutually related Technical characteristic, in the statement below to engine of the invention, as shown in engine attached drawing 1.01,1.02：By [0023- 0025] section record and attached drawing 4.01-4.03 shown in " fuel pump spray system " " fuel pump nozzle " and a kind of " rocking bar The Beng Pen operating mechanism that mechanism " is constituted, referred to as " fuel pump spraying mechanism (1.19) "；By the record of [0027] section and attached drawing 4.01 The aqueous that " the aqueous pump nozzle " of " secondary to start in-cylinder water injection cooling system " shown and " a kind of rocker device " is constituted pumps spray In-cylinder water injection mechanism (1.26) referred to as " are started " by mechanism；By " the overhead exhaust shown in the record of [0030] section and attached drawing 4.04 The exhaust work mechanism that a kind of " exhaust valve " and " rocker device " of system " is constituted, referred to as " exhaust gear (1.20) "；It will [0031] section record and attached drawing 4.05-4.07 shown in " middle cold compression water injection system in pressurized cylinder " " pump water injection nozzle " and connection Connect the component of regulation axis (1.43) referred to as " in cold water spraying mechanism (1.53) "；And the record of [0021] section and attached drawing 3.02 are shown " exhaust driven gas turbine suck air back valve (1.47) " and

Section record and attached drawing 9.01-9.02 shown in " a kind of the recycling of engine pure water and produce setting ", work list A component is stated.Similarly, the product of use invented in the patent that background technology part makes record (is constituted The fundamental of engine) also only briefly state.Each product of simplification above statement, respective technical characteristic are all The technical characteristic that existing procucts have had is made on the books and attached drawing in pointed background technology part respectively and is shown, for it Respective detailed technical characteristic please check pointed record and the record of attached drawing or affiliated patent document, for convenience statement, In engine of the invention, not repeatedly repeat.In addition, clearly stating and reflecting inventive engine for convenience The application of used patented product within the engine still belongs to the patented product of use in background technology part originally described in The accompanying drawing number of file and label statement, after being applied in inventive engine, with this engine accompanying drawing number and label Attached drawing 1 is known as " engine attached drawing " as a result, in the statement to engine by (number and label i.e. in attached drawing 1) statement It is stated, is achieved the purpose that more obvious.

Constitute a kind of fundamental of piston reciprocating type single cylinder diesel engine：Mainly by power mechanism, booster body, one Secondary fuel pump spray system secondary start in-cylinder water injection cooling system, exhaust system, middle cold compression water injection system in pressurized cylinder, increases Inhaled air volume regulator control system and engine oil recycle system, fuel oil aqueous disjunctor drug delivery pump system, exhaust driven gas turbine function in cylinder pressure Rate recycling gear set system starts the cylinder piston working environment consolidation system, engine cooling spray system, mobilizes cylinder and its row Gas setting, machine pure water recycle and produce setting, engine mesh enclosure, are organically combined with above-mentioned element, constitute one kind Piston reciprocating type single cylinder diesel.

The basic structure of the single cylinder diesel engine：

The patent of invention " ZL200710147446.7 " shown in [0016] and the record of [0018] section and attached drawing 2.02 is specific " rack frame (2.01) interior assembling gear (2.07) of the parallel opposite end lateral connection of two rack gears, tooth described in embodiment 2 It is uniformly distributed to take turns upper the first, second, third and fourth 4 tooth sockets (2.15,2.16,2.17,2.18), the first tooth socket (2.15) and third tooth socket (2.17) opposite and identical, the second tooth socket (2.16) is opposite and identical with the 4th tooth socket (2.18), makes respectively on the rack gear of both sides 1 tooth, the first tooth (2.23) corresponding second tooth socket (2.16), the 4th tooth socket (2.18)；Second tooth (2.24) corresponding the One tooth socket (2.15), third tooth socket (2.17)；The corresponding gear corner of the stroke of rack frame is 90 °, gear rotated rack frame The gear and rack teeth mechanism of frame up and down reciprocatingly " makees the power mechanism of engine, and rack frame (2.01) is then power mechanism frame (1.09)；Engine attached drawing 1.01 shows engine power mechanism (1.11)；It is recorded with [0021-0022] section and attached drawing 3.01 shows Booster body described in patent of invention " ZL200710193938.X " specific embodiment 1 out makees the booster body of engine, hair Motivation attached drawing 1.01 is shown：Power mechanism frame upper end, which is fixedly connected, starts the cylinder piston (1.12), and lower end is fixedly connected or directly It makes pressurized cylinder piston (1.07), the diameter of pressurized cylinder piston >=start 2 times of the cylinder piston diameter is formed compound with power mechanism The reciprocating booster body of engine block inner piston；Power mechanism and booster body are located at body across clapboard (1.34) for body It is divide into upper part and lower part the centre of lower part extension set body；

Engine attached drawing 1.01,1.12,1.02 is shown：Pressurized cylinder bottom plate (1.80), which is equipped with pressurized cylinder sucking air, to be stopped Go back to valve (1.06), compressed air check-valves (1.03), blast pipe (1.69), pressurized cylinder bottom plate (1.80) make pressurization below Cylinder air intake passage (1.05) and compressed air store gas channel (1.04)；Compressed air check-valves (1.03) valve rod stretches out engine Bottom plate (1.68) couples with sucking air regulation mechanism (1.02) in pressurized cylinder, sucks the regulating rod of air regulation mechanism (1.44) bonnet plate (1.27) are stretched out upwards, there is the connection of first disk (1.42) of arc translating cam and the gear teeth to adjust by work It controls axis (1.43), forms inhaled air volume regulator control system in pressurized cylinder；Gas channel (1.51) are stored in compressed air is located at body cross Partition (1.34) above, and forms and starts cylinder cylinder seat (1.35)；

Patent of invention " ZL200710193940.7 " tool shown in the record of [0023-0025] section and attached drawing 4.01-4.03 " fuel pump sprays system ", the record of [0027] section described in body embodiment 1-2 and the above-mentioned patent tool shown in attached drawing 4.01 Concrete mode 5 shown in " secondary to start in-cylinder water injection cooling system " described in body mode 3, [0030] record and attached drawing 4.04 " the overhead exhaust system ", [0031] section record and attached drawing 4.05- 4.07 shown in concrete mode 6 described in " pressurized cylinder Interior middle cold compression water injection system "；Make " fuel pump spray system ", " secondary to start in-cylinder water injection cooling system of engine respectively System ", " exhaust system ", " starting middle cold compression water injection system in cylinder "；Engine attached drawing 1.01 and 1.02 is shown：It is described primary " fuel pump spraying mechanism (1.19) " of fuel pump spray system and its regulation axis (1.39), the secondary in-cylinder water injection cooling system that starts " starting in-cylinder water injection mechanism (1.26) " and its regulation axis (1.45), " exhaust gear (1.20) " of exhaust system and its regulation Axis (1.40) is separately positioned on the lamina tecti (1.27) of engine；Engine attached drawing 1.08 and 1.10 is shown：In pressurized cylinder " in cold water spraying mechanism (1.53) " of middle cold compression water spray water injection system is arranged on body across clapboard (1.34), by secondary hair The side tappet head driving that dynamic in-cylinder water injection cooling system tappet (1.32) side is made, and by bonnet plate is arranged in (1.27) regulation axis (1.43) regulation of inhaled air volume in the pressurized cylinder on；Engine attached drawing 1.09 is shown：Each system The tappet (1.16,1.32,1.54) of respective driving operating mechanism work, is separately fixed at power mechanism frame (1.09) On upper surface；Patent of invention " ZL200710193940.7 " specific embodiment shown in the record of [0032] section and attached drawing 3.05 Inhaled air volume regulator control system in pressurized cylinder described in 7 is made ' the inhaled air volume regulator control system in pressurized cylinder ' of engine, hair Motivation attached drawing 1.01 is shown：The bottom plate of system boost cylinder compressed air check-valves (1.03) valve rod stretching engine (1.68) couple pressurized cylinder inhaled air volume regulating and controlling mechanism (1.02), engine attached drawing 1.07 is shown in conjunction with Fig. 1 .02：Sucking is empty The tune extension bar (1.44) of tolerance regulating and controlling mechanism (1.02) stretches out bonnet plate (1.27) from bottom to top, has arc shifting by work First disk (1.42) of moving cam and the gear teeth couples the regulation axis (1.43) of the system, under the regulation of overhead comprehensive regulation system, System with engine operating condition variation work；The patent of invention shown in the record of [0035] section and attached drawing 5.01-5.04 A kind of ' overhead comprehensive regulation system of piston reciprocating internal combustion engine ' of " ZL201110283190.9 " invention makees the comprehensive of engine Regulator control system is closed, engine attached drawing 1.02 is shown：An above-mentioned fuel pump is sprayed the tune of system with a component (1.57) by the system Control axis (1.39), it is secondary start in-cylinder water injection cooling system regulation axis (1.45), exhaust system regulation axis (1.40), pressurized cylinder Interior soakage regulator control system regulation axis (1.43) laterally links up, and is instructed by governor (1.41), makes an above-mentioned " fuel oil Pump spray system ", " secondary to start in-cylinder water injection cooling system ", " exhaust system ", " cold water spray in pressurized cylinder " and pressurized cylinder Interior inhaled air volume regulator control system is uniformly synchronously with the variation work of engine operating condition；

Engine attached drawing 1.09,1.10,1.12 is shown：Exhaust driven gas turbine (1.10) Power Recovery gear set (1.57) is located at hair In the subsequent gear-box of motivation, front gear (1.56) couples exhaust driven gas turbine shaft gear (1.55), and backgear (1.64) connection is dynamic The power that turbine recycles is transmitted to line shaft (1.63) outwardly by the freewheel clutch (1.65) of power axis (1.63) endpiece assembly Output.Patent of invention " ZL2008101699739.X " invention shown in the record of [0045-0046] section and attached drawing 9.01- 9.02 ' engine pure water recycle with produce setting ' make ' machine pure water recycles and produces setting ' of engine, engine Attached drawing 1.14 is shown：It is arranged by assembling heat-radiation branch pipe group frame (1.77) in shell (1.78), forms the decompression case that slows down (1.76), case (1.75) occur for water vapour and separator box (1.74) forms；The air inlet (1.79) of this setting is connected in exhaust Behind turbine exhaust pipe outlet, wash rice goes out the exhaust after water vapour, is discharged by the exhaust outlet (1.73) of separator box (1.74), recycling The use when pure water produced is for engine operation.The exhaust driven gas turbine sucking shown in the record of [0021] section and attached drawing 3.06 is empty Gas check-valves (3.22) makees the turbine inspiratory check valve of engine, and engine attached drawing 1.03 is shown：Turbine inspiratory check valve (1.47) it is assemblied in and starts the upper surface of cylinder exhaust pipe [1.50] entrance (1.46), prevent exhaust intermittent phase turbine from surge occurs.

The hair that the patent of invention " ZL201310434603.8 " shown in the record of [0036] section and attached drawing 6.01-6.02 is invented Dynamic the cylinder piston working environment consolidation system, starts the cylinder piston working environment to strengthen in engine；Engine attached drawing 1.09 It shows：By be fixed on engine power frame upper surface and respectively drive the work of respective operating mechanism tappet (1.16,1.54, 1.32,1.59) it, is made according to mechanical load needed for starting the cylinder piston positioning, the activity of each tappet on body across clapboard (1.34) Mouth makes wear-resisting pressure block (1.33)；The outlet of ventilation opening (1.14,1.52) on body across clapboard reduces and in face of starting cylinder Piston (1.12) stretches out the position started outside cylinder；When the cylinder piston being started to be located at lower dead center, start the cylinder piston except ring zone section In starting at cylinder air inlet (1.15) section, the length=piston stroke started outside cylinder is stretched out；The cylinder piston inner cavity is started to make to have Cooling fin (1.13) rotates to cooling fin (1.13) cooling and flows through the sky of ventilation opening (1.14,1.52) in power mechanism gear The thermic load of piston top section is endangered and is eliminated under the cooling for starting the cylinder piston (1.12) by gas；

" a kind of reciprocating piston internal combustion engine water-spraying control shown in the record of [0038-0042] section and attached drawing 7.01-7.07 System " system makees the cooling system of engine, and technical measures are：Secondary start in-cylinder water injection cooling system, in pressurized cylinder for described Middle cold compression water injection system and the cooling technology means in the cylinder piston working environment consolidation system is started to integrate, uses institute It designs engine working substance and its flows through system heat load danger with stating neoteric theory and method the system farmland shown in record and attached drawing The cooling running parameter in the serious position of evil；The secondary pump nozzle for starting in-cylinder water injection cooling system, which is located at, starts cylinder burning ceiling The serious position of portion's thermic load, formulate on tappet head (1.28) operating shape running parameter define it is as follows：First time nozzleman Make to inhibit high temperature pollutants NO generation section, water spray moment in shape to be that NO temperature will go out current moment, amount of water sprayed is energy for generation Inhibit the maximum aqueous amount of water vapour prompt explosion power of the appearance of generation NO temperature and least aqueous amount, i.e. generation；Generate NO Temperature is suppressed and does not generate NO elimination thermic load and endangers section, endangers at the time of appearance according to thermic load and by thermic load The hot load state at evil position can eliminate thermic load harm and least aqueous amount from pump nozzle exudation；Second of water spray work Shape whole district section, water spray timing is start predischarge in cylinder to terminate the temperature to exhaust valve i.e. by close moment, amount of water sprayed to be vented Degree and exhaust outlet thermic load hazard conditions determine；Middle cold compression water injection system sector running parameter defines in pressurized cylinder： The timing of water spray is synchronous with the beginning and end of air-breathing in pressurized cylinder；Amount of water sprayed according to pressurized cylinder suck sucking air temperature and Air capacity and having no substantial effect on starts the best thermal efficiency of combustion gas in cylinder to assist to start, and once water spray inhibits NO to generate in cylinder Requirement determine.The cooling system to work under careful accurate parameters not only reliably eliminates harm of the thermic load to system, keeps away Exempt from the generation that high temperature pollutants generate and avoid the loss and low temperature pollutant of fuel thermal efficiency caused by superfluous cooling again, effectively The thermal efficiency of ground raising engine；

The utility model patent shown in the record of [0043-0044] section and attached drawing 8.01-8.07 " the starting cylinder and its exhaust setting of a kind of reciprocating piston internal combustion engine " of " ZL201420249261.2 " invention makees the hair of engine Dynamic cylinder and exhaust setting, engine attached drawing 1.03 are shown：Start cylinder (1.31) and starts to make on cylinder cap plate and cylinder cap plate convex Platform (1.49) is overall structure, and cylinder exhaust outlet (1.30) is started to be located at the side below cylinder cap plate with cylinder body junction, flashboard type The valve handle (1.48) and valve cover and flashboard (1.80) of exhaust valve are overall structure, and flashboard (1.80) is assemblied in boss (1.49) It moves up and down in the overall space that socket and exhaust outlet (1.30) are formed and is opened and closed exhaust outlet (1.30)；Valve handle (1.48) with it is described The rocker device of exhaust gear couples (referring to attached drawing 4.04), and engine attached drawing 1.01 is shown：Start part air inlet under cylinder (1.15) section is assemblied in starting in cylinder bottom seat (1.35) of storing that gas channel (1.36) formed on the booster body；

The engine motor oil circulatory system：Engine attached drawing 1.10 is shown：The lubricating oil pump (1.60) of engine oil recycle system is single Rod piston reciprocating bidirectional output pump, longer list rod upper section, is equipped with sleeve (1.62), pressure is loaded between sleeve and the pump housing Power spring (1.61), lubricating oil pump list goes out club head and presses closer power mechanism frame side extension (1.58), in power mechanism frame (1.09) under downlink compression and the two-way function of compression spring (1.61) tension, machine oil is constantly pumped out, and the machine oil pumped out is through defeated It send and is in charge of two main bearing seats that (1.70) are sent to line shaft respectively, machine oil is sent to bonnet plate by conveying supervisor (1.66) (1.27) centrifugal filter (1.24) on, after the machine of engine mesh enclosure (1.21) lower layer is sent to through machine oil branch pipe (1.23) Oily radiator-grid (1.22), the machine oil downlink after heat dissipation lubricate the operating mechanism being arranged on bonnet plate (1.27), so Body downlink is flowed into together with fresh cold air from the intermediate ventilation opening (1.29) of bonnet plate (1.27) afterwards, to downstream The workpiece of warp lubricates, and finally flows into organism bottom sump (1.01), enters lubricating oil pump after filter screen (1.67) filtering (1.60), a working cycles are completed；

The fuel oil aqueous disjunctor drug delivery pump system of engine, engine attached drawing 1.04 are shown：The pump housing (1.38) fixation is associated in On bonnet plate (1.27), even downward, the tappet (1.59) of driving disjunctor pump work is fixed on power to two pump heads of the pump housing On the upper surface of institutional framework (1.09), tappet head (1.59) end face is located at lower dead center when compressing pump head arrival top dead centre Distance=piston stroke length, tappet (1.59) disposably compression two pump head of pump integrating, pump integrating two pump respectively will combustion Oil and aqueous pump out, and fuel oil and aqueous are sent to fuel pump nozzle and aqueous pump nozzle respectively；

The mesh enclosure of engine, engine attached drawing 1.01 are shown：Engine mesh enclosure (1.21) by air filtering net (1.25) and Machine oil radiator-grid (1.22) is constituted, and distribution machine oil inlet pipe (1.23) between two nets, the branch pipe couples centrifugal oil filter (1.24), mesh enclosure (1.21) covers on engine top；Through air filtering net (1.25) filtered air, to machine oil branch pipe (1.23) after being sprayed at the machine oil cooling on machine oil radiator-grid, enter hair from the ventilation opening (1.29) among bonnet plate In motivation body, finally enter pressurized cylinder (1.08) from pressurized cylinder blast pipe (1.69)；

A kind of piston reciprocating type single cylinder petrol engine, technical characteristic are：According to a kind of piston reciprocating type list above-mentioned Cylinder diesel engine and secondary fuel pump spray system are constituted；Fuel pump of the single cylinder diesel shown in by attached drawing 1.01 The tappet head (1.17) of spray changes the patent of invention " ZL200710193940.7 " shown in the record of [0029] section and attached drawing 4.10 into The tappet head of secondary fuel pump spray described in concrete mode 4；It is shown by engine attached drawing 1.13：" the tappet of secondary fuel pump spray Still with the tappet (1.16) of a fuel pump spray system, the operating shape of tappet head (1.72) first time fuel pump spray above (1.70) and second of fuel pump spray operating shape (1.71), respectively by design first time fuel pump spray running parameter and Second of fuel pump spray running parameter is made, and the operating shape of second of fuel pump spray is made to spray operating shape in first time fuel pump Below "；After the tappet head (1.72) that the head that fuel pump sprays has been changed into secondary fuel pump spray system, the piston is past Compound single cylinder diesel is just at a kind of piston reciprocating type single cylinder petrol engine.

Good effect

It is the hair made respectively by the patent of invention due to a kind of piston reciprocating type single cylinder internal combustion engine of the invention It is bright to be composed, then, which necessarily has the technology for each invention (product) for forming the engine Feature and its good effect, the good effect in relation to composition engine items invention (product), in the introduction of background technique It briefly has been described, if you need to understand in detail, please refers to relevant patent document, be omitted herein.In the following, only just by described A kind of good effect for piston reciprocating type single cylinder internal combustion engine that patented invention (product) is constituted is briefly described as follows：

As making engine using gear and rack teeth mechanism described in patent of invention " ZL200710147446.7 " concrete mode 2 Power mechanism, engine have the following advantages that：1) without the unbalanced rotation inertia force of crank mechanism, crank-pin linear velocity height, hair Power output is unsmooth so that the harm such as system mechanics throwing-on are perplexed when dynamic cylinder implosion breaking-out function.2) since power mechanism has There are 2 line shafts (i.e. gear shaft) of piston reciprocating to rotate 1 week function, engine speed and start cylinder (disregarding pressurization) and When existing conventional engine is identical, power is 2 times of existing single-cylinder engine, and starts angle and existing routine between being under fire in cylinder Two-stroke bi-block engine is identical (being all 180 °), then the single-cylinder engine disregards boost horsepower and also replaces existing routine Two-stroke bi-block engine uses.3) in engine speed, cylinder number, cylinder diameter, mean piston speed and comparison conventional engine phase In the case where same (wouldn't count other factors), taking piston stroke is compare conventional engine piston stroke 1/2, then engine function Rate and comparison conventional engine are essentially identical；But reduce engine height and reduce crank rotation space, only this at Reduce to several times the volume and weight/power ratio of engine.

As using, " two-piston is opposed, and pressurized cylinder is living described in patent of invention " ZL200710193938.X " embodiment 1 Plug diameter >=start 2 times of the cylinder piston diameter, the piston reciprocating booster body compound with power mechanism is not only simple in structure transmission Directly, it takes full advantage of power mechanism workpiece and crank link mechanism rotates the space occupied, and eliminate existing normal Rule turbocharging transient response lag and the defect that need to consume a variety of auxiliary settings, especially can easily realize pressurization Power after making engine booster than >=4 reaches 5 times or so of not boost horsepower ", superelevation increasing is realized on single-cylinder engine Pressure；In addition, existing charging turbine can be used to recycle the energy carried in exhaust, increase the thermal efficiency of engine.

Due to starting the cylinder piston working environment consolidation system using patent of invention " ZL201310434603.8 " invention, The cylinder piston average speed maximum allowable value can will be started to improve to ≈ 45m/s.It as a result, can be only flat by improving engine piston The means of equal speed, it is 3 times or so of power under existing mean piston speed that engine power, which is strengthened,.

Using the engine cooling spray system that utility model patent " ZL201420022888.4 " is invented, to engine Working medium and the serious position of working substance flow system thermic load, system farmland design cooling technology scheme, new concept design cooling Under technological means and technical parameter, it can be ensured that reliably eliminate harm of the thermic load to system, while it is cold to avoid existing tradition But the cooling 30% fuel thermal efficiency loss taken away of means surplus, makes the thermal efficiency of engine of about 70%, this thermal efficiency is about It is 2 times of existing regular price gasoline engine thermal efficiency, 1.65 times of the conventional diesel engines thermal efficiency；Height is also avoided simultaneously The generation of inefficient combustion pollutant under warm pollutant and low temperature environment does not use other decontamination means from starting to eliminate in cylinder Existing available engine discharges the harm of a large amount of inefficient combustion contaminants air；Relative to the raising of the thermal efficiency, correspondingly Reduce great amount of carbon dioxide to discharge into atmosphere, also correspondingly enhance the power of engine, the power after this reinforcing is about 2 times of existing type of cooling gasoline engine power, 1.65 times of diesel engine power.In addition, new cooling spray system eliminate with The cooling settings of existing conventional engine do not increase the complexity of engine.

Using the work system that a kind of tappet of patent of invention " ZL200710193940.7 " invention is constituted, such as fuel pump Spray system, it is secondary start middle cold compression water injection system in in-cylinder water injection cooling system, exhaust system and pressurized cylinder, eliminate Multiple workpieces such as traditional timing gear, cam mechanism, pump spray component, high-voltage tube and oil return (water) pipe, structure letter Single, directly, arrangement is convenient, and movement parts are few for transmission, working performance optimization；Although being increased newly on the basis of existing conventional engine Work system, but it is generally basic without the complexity of increase engine and the weight/power ratio of engine, that is, disregard pressurization and work Fill in the ratio of the identical existing conventional engine of weight/power ratio ≈ power for the power engine that average speed increases and the thermal efficiency improves Weight.

Due under the regulation of overhead comprehensive regulation system, newly-increased pressurized cylinder inhaled air volume regulator control system, pressurized cylinder Interior middle cold compression water injection system and neoteric fuel pump spray system, exhaust system, it is secondary start in-cylinder water injection cooling system, Uniformly synchronously change with engine operating condition, in any same working cycles of a same operating in office, each leisure oneself It works under design work parameter；Above-mentioned newly-increased and neoteric work system mutual cooperation, new technological means and new concept system Fixed running parameter reciprocally organically cooperation, effectively initiatively control engine working substance composition and each course of work Thermodynamic state easily makes engine work by the programme of work of formulation, reach securely the energy conservation of the phase of giving, decontamination and The realization of goal of reinforcing stimulus power.

As described in preceding [0073] section, the power after engine booster is about existing conventional engine not engine with supercharger power 5 times；[0074] power after the section engine piston average speed allowable value improves is about existing conventional engine piston 3 times of average speed power；[0075] described in section, the power after engine thermal efficiency improves is about that existing petrol engine is conventional 2 times of power under the thermal efficiency.In conclusion in the piston stroke of engine piston stroke and diameter and existing conventional engine When identical as diameter, the power of the relatively existing conventional two-cycle gasoline engine of the general power of engine is：1 × 5 × 3 × 2= 30 times；Diesel engine is：1 × 5 × 3 × 1.66 25 times of ≈；If relative to existing conventional four-stroke engine, the power improved Multiple is bigger；Thus power increment value obtains, the weight/power ratio (function of engine net weight and engine sending of inventive engine The ratio between rate) the identical conventional engine weight/power ratio of the existing not boost horsepower of ≈ 1/25-1/30.In addition, by preceding [0075] section institute State, engine also have energy saving (thermal efficiency is of about 70%), decontamination (start to substantially avoid in cylinder high temperature pollutants and Low temperature pollutant generates), raising relative to the thermal efficiency simultaneously, correspondingly reduce a large amount of carbon dioxide and arranged into atmosphere The good effect put.

The weight/power ratio of above-mentioned engine approaches or the existing turbogenerator weight/power ratio of ≈, i.e., with the maximum of turbogenerator The advantages of, the application field of engine is extended to the utmost；In addition, its thermal efficiency is about 2 times of turbogenerator, and whirlpool (turbine inlet temperature (TIT) is up to 1350 DEG C at this time) need to consume when the turbine thermal efficiency is of about 40% (the existing conventional engine thermal efficiency) A large amount of expensive and unmanageable precious metals；Also overcome the high rotary inertia of turbogenerator revolving speed and thermal inertia effect Greatly, cause transient response lag and speed change gear and bearing requirements high；A large amount of low temperature pollutants are generated when starting, it is not only dirty The defects of having contaminated air, also having slatterned great amount of fuel oil.

Fuel pump of diesel engine fuel-firing pumping system need to only be sprayed to tappet head and change enduring for the spray of secondary fuel pump Head, diesel engine for gasoline engine, the trouble that the separately fabricated expense of a large amount of gasoline engine can be saved and used respectively.

Each technological means used in engine is all the technological means that existing usual technology can be implemented, rapid wear work Component is easy to repair and replace, and without a large amount of expensive and unmanageable precious metals are expended, manufacturing cost is low, thus can be It is realized in the shorter time and universal with regard to using.It can be seen that the single-cylinder engine and described from mentioned-above good effect The multicylinder engine that single-cylinder engine is constituted can not only replace existing conventional engine comprehensively, in aviation and navigational field Most of turbogenerator application can also be replaced, get great economic effect and social benefit, fallen to change China's engine It moves towards and makes contributions more than world forefront afterwards.

Detailed description of the invention

Due to the novel piston reciprocating internal combustion engine of one kind of the present application, the patent of invention that cited invention is related to More with patent application file, content is also very complicated, if closing the Figure of description of all references file and appended drawing reference one It rises to build and be numbered with adding formula, the be cited number of file directory attached drawing and the number of appended drawing reference can be made, relative to original part It all changes, causes clearly reflect belonging to the attached drawing respectively invented cited in the application and appended drawing reference Patent document, it is thus also inconvenient compareed respectively with affiliated patent document, compared with and in depth understand, therefore use Following manner number：Herein described file (containing the application) is numbered first, then provides each attached drawing in affiliated file In accompanying drawing number；Such as：The reference number of a document of the application is 1, and the number of illustrations 1 is exactly " 1.01 ", this number dot " " Preceding number is document number, and the number after dot " " is accompanying drawing number of the attached drawing in affiliated file；For another example attached drawing " 6.09 ", The attached drawing 9 being expressed as in file 6.

Reference number of a document

Accompanying drawing number

Appended drawing reference number：Still by the way of above-mentioned accompanying drawing number, the digital representation before dot " " marks affiliated patent File, number of the digital representation appended drawing reference in affiliated file after dot " ".As appended drawing reference " 1.01 " indicates this Shen Please appended drawing reference 1 in file, " 3.03 " indicate the appended drawing reference 3 in file 3.

Mechanism, system or the component in other patents of invention and application used in the present application, in the background technology When to its affiliated profile formulation, attached drawing and attached number marked in the figure are shown using above-mentioned explanation.But in the application In a kind of piston reciprocating type single-cylinder engine invention made, then number has been made again.Such as patent of invention Second of gear and rack teeth mechanism in ZL200710147446.7, number in the background technology are Fig. 2 .02, but in the application Invention in, the number reunified is appended drawing reference (1.11).

The diagram of engine and its work system, removes cross-sectional structure chart, remaining diagram is that engine piston is located at lower stop The diagram of phase when point.

Specific embodiment

Specific embodiment 1：A kind of piston reciprocating type single cylinder diesel engine

Dynamical system：The gear and rack teeth mechanism described in patent of invention " ZL200710147446.7 " second of embodiment (such as Fig. 2 .02 is shown, hereinafter referred to as " second of gear and rack teeth mechanism ") makees " power mechanism " of engine.Fig. 1 .01 is shown, The power mechanism (1.11) is arranged in the lower part extension set body that engine is divide into upper part and lower part by body across clapboard (1.34) Between.

Pressure charging system：By booster body described in patent of invention " ZL200710193938.X " the first embodiment and its System (Fig. 3 .01-3.05 is shown) removes charge air bypasses system, and rest part record illustratively and attached drawing show work Out, make the booster body and its system of engine.Fig. 1 .01 is shown：On the upper surface of power mechanism frame (1.07), fixed connection The cylinder piston (1.12) are moved in sending and receiving, and the lower section of the frame (1.09) makes or is fixedly connected pressurized cylinder piston (1.05), pressurization The diameter > of the cylinder piston starts 2 times of the cylinder piston diameter, shows in conjunction with Fig. 1 .11, the pressurization on pressurized cylinder bottom plate (1.80) Couple blast pipe (1.69) outside cylinder, setting pressurized cylinder breather check valve (1.06) and compressed air check-valves (1.03) in cylinder, Below pressurized cylinder bottom plate (1.80), makes pressurized cylinder air intake passage (1.05) and compressed air stores gas channel (1.04)； Upper compressed air stores gas channel and connects (.04, Fig. 1 .01 are shown referring to Fig. 3) by cross over pipe, engine bottom cover board (1.68) In the following, the stem head of connection compressed air check-valves (1.03) makes inhaled air volume regulating and controlling mechanism (1.02) in pressurized cylinder；Figure 1.08 show, and the upper storage gas channel (1.36) of pressurized cylinder is made the upper surface of body across clapboard (1.34) (.04 is shown referring to Fig. 3), And form the pedestal (1.35) of engine (Fig. 1 .01,1.03 are shown)；Fig. 1 .03 is shown：Exhaust driven gas turbine sucks air back valve (1.47) it is located at the upper surface of exhaust pipe entrance (1.46).

No. one time fuel pump sprays system：It is constituted with patent of invention " ZL200710193940.7 " specific embodiment 1 and 2 A fuel pump spray system (Fig. 4 .01-4.03 is shown) make engine fuel pump spray system.Fig. 1 .01,1.02,1.09 Conjunction is shown：The tappet (1.14) of the system is fixed on the upper surface of power mechanism frame (1.09), passes through body across clapboard (1.34) and the lamina tecti of engine (1.287), when the engine runs, the work on tappet (1.16) the tappet head (1.17) Make shape and the rocking bar cooperation (referring to Fig. 1 .02) of the system " fuel pump spraying mechanism (1.19) ", transfer tube nozzle makees fuel pump Spray work [i.e. fuel pump spray work is made in tappet head (1.17) driving " fuel pump spraying mechanism (1.19) "].Its rocker arm shaft regulates and controls Axis (1.39) is slidably connected with axle bed, changes the axial fortune of work with engine operating condition when the system rocker arm shaft regulates and controls axis (1.39) When dynamic, fuel pump spray just makees fuel pump spray work with the variation of engine operating condition.

It is secondary to start in-cylinder water injection cooling system：With 3 institute of patent of invention " ZL200710193940.7 " specific embodiment The overhead stated is secondary to start in-cylinder water injection cooling system (Fig. 4 .01,4.03,5.01 are shown) to make the " secondary to start cylinder of engine Interior cooling spray system ".Fig. 1 .01,1.02,1.09 are shown：The tappet (1.32) of the system is fixed on power mechanism frame (1.09) on upper surface, the lamina tecti (1.27) of body across clapboard (1.34) and engine is passed through, it, should when engine operates The rocking bar machine of operating shape and the system " aqueous pumps spraying mechanism (1.26) " on the tappet head (1.28) of system tappet (1.32) Structure cooperation, transfer tube nozzle make the work of pump water spray liquid；The system rocker arm shaft regulates and controls axis (1.45) and is slidably connected with axle bed (referring to Fig. 1 .02), when the system regulation axis (1.45) is axially moved with the operating condition of engine, aqueous pumps spraying mechanism (1.26) work of pump water spray liquid is just carried out with the variation of engine operating condition.

Overhead exhaust system：The exhaust of the overhead described in patent of invention " ZL200710193940.7 " specific embodiment 5 System (Fig. 4 .03,4.04,5.01, which are combined, to be shown) makees " exhaust system " of engine.Fig. 1 .01,1.02,1.09 are shown：This is The tappet (1.54) of system is fixed on the upper surface of power mechanism frame (1.09), is passed through body across clapboard (1.34) and is started The lamina tecti (1.27) of machine；When engine operates, operating shape on the tappet head (1.18) of the system tappet (1.54) with should The rocker device of system " exhaust gear (1.20) " cooperates, and exhaust work is made in driving exhaust valve (1.48) (referring to Fig. 4 .04)；It should System rocker arm shaft regulates and controls axis (1.40) and is slidably connected with axle bed, makees axially when rocker arm shaft (1.40) changes with engine operating condition When movement, just work is exhausted with the variation of engine operating condition in exhaust gear (1.20).

Middle cold compression water injection system in pressurized cylinder：With 6 institute of patent of invention " ZL200710193940.7 " specific embodiment Middle cold compression water injection system (Fig. 4 .05-4.07 is shown) makees " the middle cold compression water spray in pressurized cylinder of engine in the pressurized cylinder stated System ".Fig. 1 .08,1.10 are shown：" in cold water spraying mechanism (1.53) " of the system is arranged on body across clapboard (1.34), By cold sprinkler in the side tappet head drive system made with secondary tappet (1.32) side for starting in-cylinder water injection system shared The side pump head made at the top of the pump nozzle of structure (1.53), makes to pump the work that nozzle makees injection aqueous, nozzle head face pressurized cylinder into Air hose (1.69)；In cold water spraying mechanism (1.53) by the sector (referring to Fig. 4 .05,4.06) of its member lower, with connection The pull rod for connecing pump nozzle pump head makees actuated by cams connection (showing referring to Fig. 4 .06)；Fig. 1 .10 is shown, in cold water spraying mechanism (1.53) top of its component, by rack-and-pinion mode and sliding axle be in cold water spray regulation axis (1.43) sleeve (set Cylinder and sliding axle (1.43) synchronize axially move) connection, cold water spray regulation axis (1.43) is with engine operating condition variation work in the middle When axial movement, in cold water spraying mechanism (1.53) just with the variation of engine operating condition carry out pump water spray liquid work.

Inhaled air volume (i.e. air supply) regulator control system in pressurized cylinder：With patent of invention " ZL200710193940.7 " Inhaled air volume regulator control system in pressurized cylinder described in specific embodiment 7 (Fig. 4 .08,5.01, show in conjunction with Fig. 3 .05) is made " inhaled air volume regulator control system in the pressurized cylinder of engine ".Fig. 1 .01,1.02 are shown in conjunction with Fig. 4 .08：Circle in the system The gear teeth made on disk component (1.42) are made with cold compression water injection system middle in above-mentioned pressurized cylinder regulation axis (1.43) endpiece Rack gear engagement；The arc translating cam made on disc element (1.42), with inhaled air volume regulating and controlling mechanism in pressurized cylinder (1.02) adjusting the head at the top of telescopic rod (1.44) is arc-shaped cam driving connection (Fig. 1 .02 is shown), Fig. 1 .01, in 1.10 The upright position of pressurized cylinder inhaled air volume regulating mechanism telescopic rod (1.44) is shown, Fig. 1 .02 shows the system and pressurized cylinder Interior middle cold compression water injection system shares regulation axis (1.43), and therefore, cold water spray regulation axis (1.43) is made with engine operating condition in When axial movement.The system is similarly with the variation work of engine operating condition；Rest part is referring to attached drawing 4.08,5.01,3.05 It shows and its specification record is made.

The conjuncted drug delivery pump system of fuel oil aqueous：Described in patent of invention " ZL200710193940.7 " specific embodiment 9 The conjuncted drug delivery pump system of fuel oil aqueous (Fig. 4 .09 is shown) make the conjuncted drug delivery pump system of fuel oil aqueous of engine.Fig. 1 .046 It shows：The tappet (1.59) of the system is fixed on engine power institutional framework (1.09) upper surface；Fig. 1 .04 shows tappet (1.59) body across clapboard (1.34) are passed through；Fig. 1 .02 shows conjuncted delivery pump (1.38) and is fixed on bonnet plate (1.27) position above lamina tecti after on.Fig. 1 .04 shows conjuncted delivery pump (1.38) in bonnet plate (1.27) Following position, rest part is made referring to Fig. 4 .09 and the record of (0033) section, as pump head compresses below conjuncted delivery pump Terminal is located at the distance of lower dead center away from the system tappet crown face, equal to the stroke of piston.

Engine oil recycle system：Fig. 1 .10,1.09 are shown, power mechanism frame (1.09) upper end surface side extension (1.58) That oil delivery pump (1.60) is pushed down in Fig. 1 .10 grows club head；The long rod upper section work of lubricating oil pump has sleeve (1.62), moves When power frame (1.09) downlink, compressing lubricating oil pump grows bar downlink, pumps out pump chamber machine oil under lubricating oil pump, and upper pump chamber sucks machine oil, When dynamical frame uplink, long rod compressed spring (1.61) pressure pumps out pump chamber machine oil on pump, and lower pump chamber sucks machine oil； Fig. 1 .10 is shown：After machine oil is pumped out from lubricating oil pump (1.60), the machine in the upper left corner Fig. 1 .01 is sent to by oil delivery supervisor (1.66) After oily centrifugal filter (1.24) filtering, machine oil is sprayed by the spray head on the oil delivery branch pipe (1.23) of connection filter Cooling (being shown referring to Fig. 1 .01), the then work to being arranged on bonnet plate (1.27) down on radiator-grid (1.22) Component realizes lubrication, enters in engine block from the air inlet (1.29) among lamina tecti together with fresh cold air later, right The intracorporal setting of machine is lubricated work, and finally (Fig. 1 .01,1.11 show in the sump (1.01) of inflow organism bottom setting Out)；Fig. 1 .12 is shown：Oil delivery supervisor sets up lower part the machine oil output set separately and is in charge of (1.70) machine oil is sent to power respectively Two axle bed of axis is lubricated and cools down to base bearing.

Overhead comprehensive regulation system：The overhead comprehensive regulation system invented with patent of invention " ZL201112083190.9 " (Fig. 5 .01-5.07 is shown) makees the comprehensive regulation system of engine." overhead comprehensive regulation system " shown in Fig. 1 .02 with it is described The overhead comprehensive regulation of patent of invention is identical, is arranged on the lamina tecti of engine, and preceding [0091-0095] section is distinguished The regulation axis of each work system with engine operating condition variation：Regulation axis (1.39), the secondary hair of fuel pump spray system Dynamic in-cylinder water injection system regulation axis (1.45), exhaust system regulation axis (1.40), middle cold compression water injection system and increasing in pressurized cylinder The common regulation axis (1.43) of sucking air-conditioning regulator control system is transversely linked with component (1.37) in cylinder pressure, unified by adjusting the speed Device instruction, i.e. [0091-0095] section work system of each work system for regulating and controlling each regulation axis respectively are uniformly same Step ground is in the same working cycles of any operating condition with the variation of engine operating condition, respectively in locating any same operating Any same respective running parameter of working cycles under work；Every technical characteristic of its system presses patent of invention The record of " ZL201112083190.9 " specification and showing for attached drawing 5.01-5.07 are made.

Exhaust driven gas turbine Power Recovery gear set system：Fig. 1 .01,1.07,1.09 are shown：Exhaust driven gas turbine (1.10) setting exists The right of engine；Fig. 1 .09,1.10 are shown：Gear set is arranged in the gear-box that engine block rear wall and back shroud are constituted； Fig. 1 .09,1.12 are shown：Behind the flywheel of line shaft (1.63) tail portion, with freewheel clutch (1.65) and gear set (1.57) Gear (1.64) connection afterwards, the front gear (1.56) of gear set couple with turbine shaft gear (1.55)；It is shown behind Fig. 1 .09 The structure of gear set (1.57)；According to shown by Fig. 6 .09：After removing engine back shroud (6.47), gear-box is close to rear cover Thick diaphragm plate (6.56) is grown in the setting on one side one of plate inner face, and the pinion stand of gear set (6.23) is loaded on long thickness diaphragm plate (6.57), and the drive mechanism of gear set is made；When turbine wheel shaft revolving speed is greater than through gear set deceleration backgear group backgear revolving speed When line shaft revolving speed, then the power that turbine recycles is transmitted to line shaft and outwardly exported；Conversely, line shaft is then freely rotatable.

Start the cylinder piston working environment consolidation system：" start cylinder with patent of invention " ZL201310434603.8 " invention The technical solution (Fig. 6 .01,6.02 are shown) of pistons work environmental enrichment system ", carries out the working environment for starting the cylinder piston Strengthen.It is shown partially under Fig. 1 .09：Start the left side of the cylinder piston (1.38), fixed secondary hair in power mechanism frame upper surface The shared tappet (1.32) of middle cold compression water injection system, the fixed fuel oil aqueous in front in dynamic in-cylinder water injection system and pressurized cylinder The tappet (1.59) of disjunctor drug delivery pump system, the fixed fuel pump in the right spray system and overhead exhaust system tappet (1.16, 1.54), Fig. 1 .01 is shown：The tappet is made (as shown by Fig. 1 .01 according to mechanical load needed for starting the cylinder piston positioning Tappet (1.32,1.16), and pressure-bearing wear-resistant block (1.33) are made in the tappet activity mouth of body across clapboard (1.34)；Fig. 1 .08 The ventilation opening (1.52,1.14) for starting to be arranged before and after the cylinder piston with left side both sides shown, by patent of invention (1.14) are marked to show in " ZL201310434603.8 " addressed Fig. 1 .01：The ventilation opening made be outlet reduce and towards The cylinder piston (1.12) are started to stretch out the position started outside cylinder；Cooling fin (1.13) are made in the inner cavity for starting the cylinder piston (1.12), Fig. 1 .01 is also shown：When the cylinder piston being started to be located at lower dead center, start cylinder air inlet (1.15) position except ring zone section is located at Outside, the stroke for starting the length of cylinder outer portion to be equal to piston is stretched out.

The cooling spray system of engine：The water-spraying control system described in utility model patent " ZL201420022888.4 " System (Fig. 7 .01-7.07 is shown) makees the cooling system of engine.By utility model patent " ZL201420022888.4 " specification The technical solution of record starts spray in cylinder for secondary described in patent of invention " ZL200710193940.7 " specific embodiment 3 Middle cold compression water injection system and patent of invention in pressurized cylinder described in water cooling system, specific embodiment 6 " ZL201310434603.8 " is described to be started in cylinder working environmental enrichment system to the technological means for starting the cylinder piston cooling, system One ground is summarized as the cooling system of engine, is designed working medium with the new theory and technological means and its flowed through with being planned as a whole and is The system serious position of thermic load is cooled down；And joined according to utility model patent " ZL201420022888.4 " the water spray work The theory and method of number value, record referring to preceding [0039] section to [0041] section and Fig. 7 .02-7.05 and 7.07 are shown, and make Make the secondary running parameter for starting middle cold compression water spray in in-cylinder water injection and pressurized cylinder.

Start cylinder and its exhaust setting：With utility model patent " ZL201420249201.2 " invent one kind start cylinder and It is vented setting (Fig. 8 .01-8.07 is shown) make engine start cylinder and and exhaust setting.Fig. 1 .03 is shown：Start cylinder (1.31) and on cylinder cap plate and cylinder cap plate making boss (1.49) is overall structure, and engine exhaust port (1.30) is located at cylinder cap Below plate with start the side of cylinder junction, flashboard type is vented valve handle (1.48) and valve cover and flashboard (1.80) is whole knot Structure, valve handle (1.48/) couple with the rocker device of the exhaust gear (referring to Fig. 4 .04).Fig. 1 .01 is shown, and starts cylinder (1.30) air inlet section is assemblied in starting in cylinder bottom seat (1.35) of storing that gas channel (1.36) formed on pressurized cylinder.

Engine mesh enclosure：Fig. 1 .01 is shown, and mesh enclosure (1.21) is by air filtering net (1.25) and machine oil radiator-grid (1.22) It constitutes, air filtering net (1.25) is located in the above, the intermediate oil delivery for being equipped with connection centrifugal oil filter (1.24) of two nets Branch pipe (1.23), filtered machine oil is sprayed on machine oil radiator-grid (1.25) cooling by distribution showerhead on branch pipe (1.23)；Net Cover (1.21) covers on the setting on lamina tecti in hood.

The recycling of engine pure water and device for making：With starting for patent of invention " ZL200810169739.X " invention The recycling of machine pure water and device for making (Fig. 9 .01,9.02 are shown) make the recycling of engine pure water and device for making.Figure 1.14 showing：The setting forms deceleration decompression case (1.76), water by assembly heat-radiation branch pipe group frame (1.77) in shell (1.78) Steam generating box (1.75) and separator box (1.74) form, and are mounted on behind turbine exhaust pipe, provide and start for engine Pure water needed for cooling system when machine works；The device can method by lengthening and being bent turbine exhaust pipe, choose body Outer suitable place installation.

Single cylinder diesel engine described in specific embodiment 1 makees the advantage of gasoline engine：(1) have with engine work Condition changes inhaled air volume (i.e. amount of charge air) regulator control system and fuel pump in the pressurized cylinder of work and sprays system, can make to start The gaseous mixture for thering is an optimal air-fuel ratio to be formed in cylinder.(2) new power mechanism (gear and rack teeth mechanism) is starting to break out in cylinder When, 8 times faster than the speed that crank link mechanism piston declines of speed or so that start the cylinder piston to decline can be made, convenient for eliminating hair Harm of the explosive force to system in dynamic cylinder.(3) cooling spray system can prevent from starting the temperature for generating nitrogen oxide in cylinder to go out It is existing, the harm of the generation and thermic load of high temperature pollutants to system is effectively eliminated, and can prevent from starting advanced ignition in cylinder Occur with inefficient combustions phenomenons such as pinkings.(4) structure of engine and other work systems (in addition to a fuel pump spray system) It is applicable in gasoline engine work.

Single cylinder diesel engine described in specific embodiment 1 is unfavorable for making the defect of gasoline engine：The fuel pump used Spray system and the cooperation of amount of charge air regulator control system are formed by optimal air-fuel ratio gaseous mixture, and concentration is started lower than gasoline engine The concentration that igniting requires in cylinder, but unsuitable gasoline engine improves the thermal efficiency of engine using high compression ratio, need to use new skill Art means are overcome.

Specific embodiment 2：A kind of piston reciprocating type Single Cylinder Gasoline Engine

A kind of piston reciprocating type single cylinder diesel engine according to specific embodiment 1 and secondary fuel pump spray system A kind of piston reciprocating type single cylinder petrol engine constituted, specific embodiment are：By a fuel oil of engine attached drawing 1.01 The tappet head (1.17) for pumping spray changes the patent of invention " ZL200710193940.7 " shown in the record of [0029] section and attached drawing 4.10 into The tappet head of secondary fuel pump spray described in concrete mode 4；Engine attached drawing 1.13 is shown：The tappet of secondary fuel pump spray is still With the tappet (1.16) of a fuel pump spray system, the operating shape of tappet head (1.72) first time fuel pump spray above (1.70) and second of fuel pump spray operating shape (1.71), respectively by design first time fuel pump spray running parameter and Second of fuel pump spray running parameter is made, and the operating shape of second of fuel pump spray is made to spray operating shape in first time fuel pump In the following, after the head that a fuel pump sprays to have been changed into the tappet head (1.72) that secondary fuel pump sprays system, the piston reciprocating Formula single cylinder diesel is just at a kind of piston reciprocating type single cylinder petrol engine.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of piston reciprocating type single cylinder diesel engine, it is characterised in that：Mainly by power mechanism, booster body, primary combustion Oil pump spray system secondary starts in-cylinder water injection cooling system, exhaust system, middle cold compression water injection system, pressurized cylinder in pressurized cylinder Interior inhaled air volume regulator control system, overhead comprehensive regulation system and engine oil recycle system, fuel oil aqueous disjunctor drug delivery pump system, Exhaust driven gas turbine Power Recovery gear set system starts the cylinder piston working environment consolidation system, engine cooling spray system, starts Cylinder and its exhaust setting, machine pure water recycle and produce setting, engine mesh enclosure composition；

The power mechanism (1.11), with " rack frame (2.01) of the parallel opposite end lateral connection of two rack gears is interior to assemble tooth It takes turns (2.07), the first, second, third and fourth 4 tooth sockets (2.15,2.16,2.17,2.18) are uniformly distributed on gear (2.07), the first tooth socket (2.15) opposite and identical with third tooth socket (2.17), the second tooth socket (2.16) is opposite and identical with the 4th tooth socket (2.18), and two 1 tooth, the first tooth (2.23) corresponding second tooth socket (2.16), the 4th tooth socket (2.18) are made on heel teeth item respectively；Second Tooth (2.24) corresponds to the first tooth socket (2.15), third tooth socket (2.17)；The corresponding gear corner of the stroke of rack frame is 90 °, the gear and rack teeth mechanism of rack frame up and down reciprocatingly gear rotation " to make power mechanism (1.11), rack frame (2.01) is i.e. Become power mechanism frame (1.09)；Booster body is that " power mechanism frame (1.09) upper end, which is fixedly connected, starts the cylinder piston (1.12), lower end is fixedly connected or directly makes pressurized cylinder piston (1.07), pressurized cylinder piston diameter >=start the cylinder piston diameter 2 The engine block inner piston compound with power mechanism again is reciprocating " booster body；Power mechanism and booster body are located at by machine Body is divide into upper part and lower part the centre of lower part extension set body by body diaphragm plate (1.33)；

Pressurized cylinder bottom plate (1.80) be equipped with pressurized cylinder sucking air back valve (1.06), compressed air check-valves (1.03), Blast pipe (1.69), pressurized cylinder bottom plate (1.80) makes pressurized cylinder air intake passage (1.05) below and compressed air stores gas channel (1.04)；Compressed air check-valves (1.03) valve rod stretches out inhaled air volume in engine bottom cover board (1.68) and pressurized cylinder and regulates and controls The regulating rod (1.44) of mechanism (1.02) connection, inhaled air volume regulating and controlling mechanism (1.02) stretches out bonnet plate upwards (1.27) there is first disk (1.42) of arc translating cam and gear teeth connection inhaled air volume regulating and controlling mechanism regulation axis (1.43) by work, Form inhaled air volume regulator control system in pressurized cylinder；Gas channel (1.51) are stored in compressed air to be located on body across clapboard (1.34) Face, and formed and start cylinder cylinder seat (1.35)；

" fuel pump spraying mechanism (1.19) " of fuel pump spray system and its regulation axis (1.39) secondary start spray in cylinder " the aqueous Beng Pen operating mechanism (1.26) " of water system and its " the exhaust work mechanism of regulation axis (1.45), exhaust system (1.20) " and its regulate and control axis (1.40), the lamina tecti (1.27) of engine is respectively set above；Middle cold compression water spray in pressurized cylinder " in cold water spraying mechanism (1.53) " of system, is located on body across clapboard (1.34), starts in-cylinder water injection cooling system by secondary The driving of side tappet head that tappet (1.32) side is made and carry out water spray work, the mechanism is by the increasing that is arranged on bonnet plate The regulation axis (1.43) of cylinder pressure inhaled air volume regulator control system regulates and controls；Drive enduring for a fuel pump spray system operating mechanism job Bar (1.16), driving be secondary start the tappet (1.32) of middle cold compression water injection system work in in-cylinder water injection system and pressurized cylinder, The tappet (1.54) of exhaust system work, and the tappet (1.59) of driving fuel oil aqueous disjunctor delivery pump are driven, is fixed respectively On the power mechanism frame (1.09) moved with piston synchronous；The overhead being arranged on bonnet plate (1.27) is comprehensive to be adjusted Control system with a component (1.57) by the regulation axis (1.39) of fuel pump spray system, secondary start in-cylinder water injection cooling system Regulation axis (1.45), the regulation axis (1.40) of exhaust system, in pressurized cylinder inhaled air volume regulator control system regulation axis (1.43) it laterally links up, is instructed by governor (1.41), make each work system uniformly synchronously with engine work The variation work of condition；

The front gear (1.56) of exhaust driven gas turbine Power Recovery gear set (1.57) couples exhaust driven gas turbine shaft gear (1.55), thereafter tooth The power that exhaust driven gas turbine recycles is transmitted to dynamic by the freewheel clutch (1.65) for taking turns (1.64) connection line shaft (1.63) endpiece assembly Power axis (1.63) outwardly exports；Deceleration decompression case (1.76) is formed by assembly heat-radiation branch pipe group frame (1.77) in shell (1.78) The recycling of machine pure water made of case (1.75) and separator box (1.74) occurs with water vapour and produces setting, air inlet (1.79) it is connected in behind turbine exhaust pipe, wash rice goes out the exhaust after water vapour and arranged by the exhaust outlet (1.73) of separator box (1.74) Out, the use when pure water for recycling and producing is for engine operation；Start the upper of cylinder exhaust pipe (1.50) import position (1.46) Face, assembly turbine sucking air back valve (1.47) prevent exhaust intermittent phase turbine from surge occurs；

It is described to start the cylinder piston working environment consolidation system, engine power frame (1.09) upper surface difference is fixed on by described The tappet (1.16,1.32,1.54,1.59) for driving respective operating mechanism, according to machinery needed for starting the cylinder piston (1.12) positioning Load is made；The movable mouth of each tappet is made wear-resisting pressure block (1.33) on body across clapboard (1.34), on body across clapboard Ventilation opening (1.14,1.52), the position that outlet reduces and starts outside cylinder in face of starting the cylinder piston (1.12) to stretch out；Start cylinder living When plug is located at lower dead center, the cylinder piston is started to start at cylinder air inlet (1.15) section except ring zone section is located at, cylinder is started in stretching Outer length=piston stroke；Start the cylinder piston inner cavity to make there are cooling fin (1.13), rotates in power mechanism gear to heat dissipation Piece (1.13) is cooling and flows through the air of ventilation opening (1.14,1.52) under the cooling for starting the cylinder piston (1.12), by piston top The thermic load of section, which endangers, to be eliminated；

The cooling spray system of the engine：By it is described it is secondary start in-cylinder water injection cooling system, middle cold compression in pressurized cylinder Water injection system and the cooling technology measure in the cylinder piston working environment consolidation system is started to integrate, designed to system farmland pair Engine working substance and its running parameter for flowing through the serious position cooling of system heat load；The secondary in-cylinder water injection cooling system of starting Pump nozzle, which is located at, starts the serious position of cylinder top of combustion chamber thermic load, and the running parameter of tappet head (1.28) operating shape defines It is as follows：Water spray work for the first time inhibits high temperature pollutants NO to generate section in shape, and the water spray moment is to generate NO temperature to go out Current moment, amount of water sprayed are that can inhibit to generate the appearance of NO temperature and least aqueous amount, generate NO temperature and are suppressed and do not generate NO operating condition eliminates thermic load and endangers section, and the hot load state at position is endangered at the time of appearance according to thermic load and by thermic load Thermic load harm and least aqueous amount can be eliminated from pump nozzle exudation；Second water spray operating shape whole district section, water spray timing To start predischarge in cylinder to terminate to exhaust valve to endanger close moment, amount of water sprayed with the temperature and exhaust outlet thermic load that are vented Situation determines；Middle cold compression water injection system sector running parameter defines in pressurized cylinder：The timing of water spray in pressurized cylinder The beginning and end of air-breathing is synchronous, and amount of water sprayed starts according to the temperature and air capacity and having no substantial effect on of pressurized cylinder sucking air The best thermal efficiency of combustion gas in cylinder assists to start the requirement that once water spray inhibits NO to generate in cylinder to determine.

2. a kind of piston reciprocating type single cylinder diesel engine as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It starts cylinder (1.31), starting the boss (1.49) made on cylinder cap plate and cylinder cap plate is overall structure, and exhaust outlet (1.30) is located at cylinder cap plate Below with the side of cylinder body junction, valve handle (1.48), valve cover and the flashboard (1.80) of flashboard type exhaust valve are overall structure, It moves up and down and the row of opening and closing in the overall space that flashboard (1.80) is assemblied in boss (1.49) socket and exhaust outlet (1.30) are formed Port (1.30)；Valve handle (1.48) couples with the rocker device of the exhaust system, and inferior part of the cylinder block divides air inlet (1.15) section It is assemblied in starting in cylinder bottom seat (1.35) of storing that gas channel (1.36) formed on the booster body.

3. a kind of piston reciprocating type single cylinder diesel engine as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The oil circulation system The lubricating oil pump (1.60) of system is single rod piston reciprocating bidirectional output pump, and longer list rod upper section is equipped with sleeve (1.62), set It is loaded onto compression spring (1.61) between cylinder and the pump housing, lubricating oil pump list goes out club head and presses closer power mechanism frame side extension (1.58), under the compression of power mechanism frame (1.09) downlink and the two-way function of compression spring (1.61) tension, machine oil is continuous Ground pumps out, and the machine oil pumped out is in charge of two main bearing seats for (1.70) being sent to line shaft respectively through conveying, and conveying supervisor (1.66) will Machine oil is sent to the centrifugal filter (1.24) on bonnet plate (1.27), after be sent to and start through branch pipe (1.23) through machine oil The machine oil radiator-grid (1.22) of machine mesh enclosure (1.21) lower layer, the machine oil downlink after heat dissipation, to the work being arranged on bonnet plate Make mechanism lubrication, then flow into body downlink together with fresh cold air from the ventilation opening (1.29) among bonnet plate, To the workpiece lubrication that downlink flows through, organism bottom sump (1.01) finally are flowed into, are filtered through filter screen (1.67) laggard Enter lubricating oil pump (1.60), completes a working cycles.

4. a kind of piston reciprocating type single cylinder diesel engine as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fuel oil aqueous connects Body drug delivery pump system, the pump housing (1.38) is fixed be associated on bonnet plate (1.27) and two pump heads of pump integrating downward, drive The tappet (1.59) of dynamic disjunctor pump work is fixed on the upper surface of power mechanism frame (1.09), tappet head (1.59) end face position In distance=piston stroke length of lower dead center when compressing pump head and reaching top dead centre, disposably compression connects tappet (1.59) Two pump heads of body pump, two pumps of pump integrating respectively pump out fuel oil and aqueous.

5. a kind of piston reciprocating type single cylinder diesel engine as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The engine mesh enclosure (1.21) it is made of air filtering net (1.25) and machine oil radiator-grid (1.22), distribution machine oil inlet pipe (1.23) between two nets, machine Oil inlet pipe (1.23) couples centrifugal oil filter (1.24), and mesh enclosure (1.21) covers on bonnet plate (1.27).

6. a kind of piston reciprocating type single cylinder petrol engine, it is characterised in that：Piston reciprocating according to claim 1 or 2 Formula single cylinder diesel engine and secondary fuel pump spray system are constituted；By enduring for the fuel pump spray system of single cylinder diesel engine Head (1.17) changes the tappet (1.16) that its tappet still uses a fuel pump spray system into, the spray of tappet head last time fuel pump The operating shape (1.71) of operating shape (1.70) and the spray of secondary fuel pump is joined by the first time fuel pump spray work designed respectively Number and second of fuel pump spray running parameter are made, and the operating shape (1.71) of second of fuel pump spray is made in first time fuel pump Spray the tappet head (1.72) of the secondary fuel pump spray system of operating shape (1.70) below.