CN101294515A

CN101294515A - Reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, assembly and cylinder stopping technique thereof

Info

Publication number: CN101294515A
Application number: CNA2007101939394A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖光宇
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-11-24
Filing date: 2007-11-24
Publication date: 2008-10-29

Abstract

The invention discloses a piston reciprocating internal-combustion engine and combination and cylinder deactivation technology thereof. The invention overcomes conservatism and obsolescence of the conventional routine internal-combustion engine in structure and technological ideas. The internal-combustion engine of the invention adopts a mechanism with a reciprocating rack and a rotating gear to replace the conventional crank link mechanism, and adopts a frame structure to connect two opposed pistons; the diameter of a pressure cylinder is more than twice that of an initiating cylinder, which forms the super high pressure-charging mechanism, and increases the power; a shape of the working performance of a cam is formed on a tappet head moving synchronously along with the piston so as to be matched with other members to form a plurality of working mechanisms, thus omitting the conventional timing gear, a cam mechanism, an oil pump, high-pressure oil tubes and other members; by adopting in-cylinder cooling method, the heat taken away by the conventional cooling is recycled while effective cooling is realized; furthermore, the energy of a turbine in recycling exhaust is used for doing work, thus greatly improving the thermal efficiency of a motor; the technologies of double-cylinder parallel connection and multi-cylinder deactivation simplify the initiating structure, facilitate starting and maintenance and improve thermal efficiency when the load is low.

Description

A kind of reciprocating piston internal combustion engine and combination thereof and cylinder stopping technique

Technical field

The invention belongs to piston reciprocating internal combustion engine

Background technique

The reciprocal connecting rod explosive motor of traditional piston, each side technology have developed into the quite ripe stage, occupy the main status of power category, and it uses every field all over the world.But, its have series of advantages and update perfect in, be subjected to the restriction of traditional idea and structure, use into old mechanism and method, do not break away from intrinsic shortcoming and defect, do not have significant progress and development; The unbalance inertia force that the connecting rod output power produces, crank pin linear velocity height, reinforcement and the optimization that has hindered motor is disturbed in big the consolidating of main bearing load.But also occupied space bigger in the engine block.Use exhaust gas turbocharge, be difficult to the requirement (particularly Transient response hysteresis) of adaptation condition variation and the requirement of special operation condition, need to such an extent that increase additional the setting, increased the complexity of motor; Though above-mentioned pressurized measure has played certain effect, on middle-size and small-size motor (particularly petrol engine), be difficult to realize.Traditional timing gear, cam mechanism driving, oil pump, high-pressure oil pipe, return tube system in the work that fuel injection system and valve open and close, structure very complicated not only, increased the volume and weight of motor, increased cost of production, its aspect of performance is perfect inadequately, need to such an extent that adopt auxiliary the setting, more increased the complexity and the manufacture cost of motor.Though the harm of heat load has been eliminated in traditional cool-down method and setting, its setting and complex structure influence and have limited the performance of hot benefit, also wasted a large amount of can be at the heat that starts the direct work done of cylinder or can reclaim with turbine.The above has seriously hindered the further significant progress of motor, is difficult to tackle day by day severe energy-conservation, decontamination, reduces production costs and the development of the situation requirement of application and keen competition.

Summary of the invention

For the gas seal of inheriting tradition motor reliability and each circulation good and the power transmission are subjected to fresh cold air reduction heat load, hot high efficiency and the advantage of reliable operation, solve the shortcoming and defect part of above-mentioned existence, task of the present invention is, strengthen (increase) power according to reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, improve the principle of hot benefit, and the working principle of each functional entity and requirement, power transmission to motor, supercharging mode (mechanism), each functional entity, regulator control system, the type of cooling, and combination of the multi-cylinder of motor and cylinder stopping technique etc., carry out the design of comprehensively comprehensive innovation.Make it to inherit the advantage of the reciprocal internal-combustion engine of conventional piston, eliminated original shortcoming and defect part.Become a kind of novel motor that adapts to the situation and require.

Below, with single-cylinder engine the main structure of the novel reciprocating piston internal combustion engine of invention is made an explanation.Mainly (these two applications this time propose simultaneously by application " a kind of pinion and rack " (application number 200710147446.7), application " a kind of working substance flow system of reciprocating piston internal combustion engine and regulation and control thereof are provided with " and application " combined mechanism and the regulator control system of a kind of tappet and this tappet " in this invention, application number is not down), and " a kind of reciprocal inertia force of piston reciprocating engine is eliminated mechanism " that propose among the application, two inventions such as " a kind of oil circulation of internal-combustion engine " are formed.In this application, the summary of the invention in the application of making in addition, technical characteristics and good effect etc. are omitted, relevant is described in detail, and please refer to relevant in addition application; The application only makes an explanation to its combination in motor and the position in the structure.

The body of motor is made up of two-part up and down, the power take-off mechanism of motor, be arranged on partly middle formation under the engine body by embodiment 1 in " a kind of pinion and rack ", institutional framework upper end laterally attachment portion connects the pressurized cylinder piston that makes that starts cylinder piston, lower end laterally to connect part, constitute that two cylinders are opposed, two-piston fuses, be synchronized with the movement, the pressurized cylinder piston diameter is greater than starting cylinder diameter more than one times, the super high pressure-charging mechanism about 5 times when making the power that starts cylinder rise to not supercharging.Pressurized cylinder is with supporting horizontal continuous casting on body, above the bottom plate of pressurized cylinder and bottom plate below be air feed system setting and machine oil chamber, down be the bottom plate of motor again, be provided with the controlling mechanism (applying for describing in detail) of pressurized cylinder wind supply quantity below the bottom plate referring to other.The upper end of power output mechanism framework laterally connects side partly stretches out on the part, is fixing the tappet of forming each operation mechanism, the two-way output oil pump of the direct driven plunger formula of left side extension, and the right has positioning port, determines moving up and down of tooth bar framework; The fixing combined mechanism of tappet, cold water spraying mechanism was located on the top body and the diaphragm boundary of bottom body in the supercharging compression, remaining mechanism all was located at together with regulator control system on the upper cover plate of motor (referring to other application).Start following part (being to go up pressurized air in the air feed system the to hold gas passage annular air feed partly) continuous casting of cylinder on the diaphragm of body upper part, to start the upper part of cylinder to be cast with radiating fin, bolt block; Bolt passes bolt block, screw in the screw of screw seat on the diaphragm, to start the upper part of cylinder and the cylinder of the structure in aggregates of partly combining closely down, cylinder sleeve is that overall structure is assemblied in the cylinder the inside that combines between the higher and lower levels closely, fuel-injected pump nozzle is installed in the middle of the radiating fin of cylinder top and starts in-cylinder water injection cooling pump nozzle, breather check valve standby when supplying engine start also is housed.Also leave ventilated port on the diaphragm of upper machine body, eliminate reciprocal inertia force loose piece movable port, fixing movable ports such as tappet, pressurized air adjustable lever, oil delivery pipe, right front angle arrangement fuel filter.Back, upper machine body upper edge left comer is shelved the machine oil centrifugal filter, and right corner is provided with governor driving gear seat and driving gear.(starting the cylinder tip position) has the air-breathing intake grill of pressurized cylinder in the middle of the bonnet plate; Left-front corner settles water spray filter cleaner, left rear corner to settle the machine oil centrifugal filter.The motor top is provided with the guard that is made of air filtering net and machine oil radiating net, and the spatial position at two guard tops is distributing and filtering the delivery pipe that machine oil is exported in the back through centrifugal filter, fog head is housed on the delivery pipe machine oil is sprayed onto on the radiating net dispels the heat.Machine oil after the heat radiation is descending on the capping realization lubrication being set, flow into from the intake grill of centre then and start cylinder top radiating fin, in company with the high-speed air that flows into, carry out cooling to starting the cylinder end face, under be advanced in the machine oil chamber way, parts are on the way realized lubricated and cooling and are accepted the cooling of air.Start the right lateral side of cylinder that exhaust driven gas turbine is housed, reclaim the energy that has in the exhaust working medium, connect the engine power output shaft, the power that reclaims is exported to external world by power shaft by gear train.

The framework of the booster body that makes at power take-off mechanism (connect two opposed pistonss and become whole framework) side, make and protrude the position, on the position of protruding, make the tooth bar tooth, loose piece hypomere is up and down reciprocatingly also made corresponding with it tooth bar tooth, the relative centre of two tooth bar teeth connects with gear, the lower end of loose piece connects draught spring, and the other end of draught spring is fixed on the motor bottom plate.When framework moved up and down, it is opposite that loose piece is made direction thereupon, and what speed equated moves up and down, thereby reaches the elimination reciprocal inertia force, and framework is to the impact force of power output link during the outburst of draught spring absorption starting cylinder; Return when up at piston, break the dead point of lower dead center, and discharge the pulling force of accumulation simultaneously, group's power output shaft work done.After machine oil pumps from oil pump, carry arm that machine oil is delivered to the power output shaft bearings at both ends, realize lubricated work; Carry to be responsible for machine oil is delivered to the filtration of machine oil centrifugal filter, the machine oil after the filtration is realized aforesaid circulation.

The good effect general performance of the motor that said structure constitutes is: organically made up every technical characteristics of three applications in addition, the good effect of having assembled three applications that propose in addition, make engine structure compactness, multiple functional, function admirable, mainly show: the power output mechanism is again a booster body simultaneously.This booster body can be realized super high pressure-charging, and 4 to 5 times when making the power per cylinder of engine start cylinder bring up to not supercharging also need not increase auxiliary the setting.Pressurized cylinder is sprayed into water smoke, realizes the saturated wet supercharging of compression end of a period water vapor, saved a large amount of compression wasted works.The water vapor that is blended in the air is interpreted as working medium, and then water spray is cold in realizing compressing, and has been equivalent to reclaim indirectly air the heat of starting to be produced in entrained heat of cylinder and machine oil realization heat radiation and the compression process is made water vapor.Above-mentioned super high pressure-charging measure makes and starts cylinder heat transfer area to external world to compare with the cylinder heat diffusion area that starts of not supercharging equal-wattage, reduces 70% approximately, has promptly reduced the external heat output that starts cylinder about 70% with the identical and unexecuted supercharging of supercharging power.Middle cool air to starting in the cylinder and starting the cylinder piston to realize cooling effectively, has reclaimed the heat that the traditional form cooling is taken away simultaneously indirectly.Coldly in the compression turbine exhaust pipe is drenched the atomized water spray cooling, can unite acquisition from producing and reclaim (tail gas carries water yield recirculation) two approach together with starting the every circulating load of cylinder cooling water spray to be about 1.5 times of fuel oil consumption.Need not carry or purified water that centralized production is a large amount of.Air temperature after the supercharging can realize by the regulation and control of injection flow rate regulating, and improves the temperature environment of starting in the cylinder, helps the tissue of combustion process; The fixedly combined mechanism of tappet and regulator control system compactness thereof and the concentrated area is arranged on the upper cover plate of motor, be convenient to operation, detect, keep in repair, dismantle and change, and can in time work along with the variation of operating mode, also save the member such as oil pump, high-pressure oil pipe, return tube of traditional timing gear, cam mechanism and oil supply system simultaneously, improved the performance deficiency of mechanism in the conventional construction.Power output mechanism and reciprocal inertia force are eliminated mechanism, have eliminated the harm of inertial force, have alleviated the mechanical load of power shaft and bearing thereof.Cylinder high temperature water spraying mechanism is started in cold water spray setting in increasing newly, has effectively eliminated the harm of heat load, has also reclaimed the heat that traditional cooling method is taken away, and has saved the setting and the mechanism of traditional cooling.The air regulation mechanism of pressurized cylinder, compression ratio and air fuel ratio that cylinder is started in regulation and control, favourable startup work of starting the burning tissue and the motor of cylinder.Energy in the high-quality good exhaust of exhaust driven gas turbine recovered temperature increases the thermal efficiency and the power of motor, plays the function of composite turbine engine; And make the running of motor more steady.60 ° of power output mechanism middle rack stroke corresponding teeth wheel shaft (power shaft) corner Φ and start identical, the traditional single-cylinder engine of cylinder volume, power shaft revolution relatively, and starting the outburst of cylinder to cook a meal several then is 3 times of traditional single cylinder two-stroke motor.Suitable conventional engines three cylinders two of frequency of spindle power output are towards the frequency power output of engine spindle, the then alternative traditional three-cylinder two-stroke engine of single-cylinder engine.Comprehensive above-mentioned to the heat radiation of motor and the recovery of exhaust energy, cold in the compression, burning maximum temperature water spray, free exhaust during the later stage to starting the cylinder water spray, and dwindle measures such as starting cylinder highest temperature zone volume, the thermal efficiency is carried out rough budgetary estimate, the thermal efficiency of motor reaches about 60%, approximate 1.5 times of traditional middle-size and small-size motor diesel engine, 2 times of petrol engine.The power ratio of the two stroke diesel engine identical with spindle revolutions with traditional single chamber volume, 20 times of its power ≈ conventional engines 1 * 4.5 (supercharging raising) * 3 (start number of times improve) * 1.5 (thermal efficiency raisings) ≈ Transmission Engine, with petrol engine relatively: power=1 * 4.5 * 3 * 2=27 times.If compare with four-stroke: then ≈ is 54 times.

One single-cylinder engine structure (remove reciprocal inertia force and eliminate mechanism and exhaust driven gas turbine setting) is called for short makes " active cylinder ", what identical with the active cylinder structure with one (remove and deducted power take-off mechanism, be connected two-piston with support replacement framework) was called " slave cylinder " two starts cylinder to be together in parallel.In the centre of two cylinders the power output shaft parallel with the active cylinder line shaft, a two-parallel axis front end being set connects with gear; Make rocker shaft with power shaft, the both sides rocking arm connects the active cylinder framework is connected two-piston with slave cylinder support respectively.So the motion of two cylinders and every work are just in time opposite, mutually alternately, the gear that the power of active cylinder is connected with power shaft by line shaft is passed to power shaft output, and the power that slave cylinder sends is passed to the active cylinder framework by rocking bar, pass to line shaft again, pass to power shaft and export to the external world.Its good effect shows as: save the power-transmitting unit and the setting of reciprocal inertia force balance of a cylinder, eliminated basically and started cylinder inclination frictional force, engine structure is simple, and cost of production reduces.

Series connection before and after the motor of above-mentioned parallel-connection structure is come in, each is arranged active cylinder and works alone, and line shaft is worked in this row's structure and is connected the power shaft overall structure with the power shaft gear, the twin-tub of parallel-connection structure before and after the series connection is promptly respectively arranged the shared power shaft polyphone of twin-tub in parallel.It respectively arranges the order of clutch release slave cylinder, is distributed with the phase place that the power shaft gear is connected by each row's active cylinder line shaft.Its good effect is: reduced the bent axle manufacture difficulty of multi-cylinder big-block engine, and favourable realization cylinder stopping technique, all the other good effects are identical with above-mentioned parallel technology.

Two rows' centre before and after the motor of aforementioned series connection, make gear, pass through gearing in front-seat line shaft rear end, the motion phase of the rotation of line shaft and active cylinder is delivered to the work that starts the cylinder side to be had on unit's dish of approximate teeth groove breach, and the point of contact when unit proal up one side of dish breach contacts with top corresponding loose piece is the bursting point that second order is started cylinder (second row's active cylinder).The rear end of the long transverse slat that can move forward and backward above unit's dish, doing has and long transverse slat fork plate horizontal, half dollar shape prong; The fork plate is slidingly connected on sliding gear (slide on the spline that second row's active cylinder line shaft afterbody is made, and the gear that is connected with the gear of making on the power shaft tail end).Long transverse slat is fixed on the motor fuselage by panel seat and (can moves forward and backward).Coil the upward corresponding up and down loose piece of breach with unit, the regulation and control upper-lower position is set by the leaf spring and the rocking bar that are fixed on the long transverse slat; Regulate loose piece and make below it equally with the plate of growing crosswise below, turn off back row and start oil supply cylinder, promotes the movement backward of long transverse slat, make being out of gear on sliding gear and the power shaft, arrange after then and start cylinder not only to stop work done, and stop all motions.Sliding gear is in the cylinder deactivation position, second row's active cylinder is adjusted to the outburst position, the effect of rocking bar by leaf spring of transferring on the long transverse slat descends loose piece, then loose piece just falls in the breach on the unit dish of rotation, the rotation of unit's dish, long transverse slat is moved to the front end of motor, drive sliding gear and connects, afterwards arrange and start cylinder to turn round thereupon with gear on the power shaft; Open the fuel feeding that back row starts cylinder, just started back row and started cylinder to devote oneself to work.Its good effect is: when low-load, only start cylinder working with minority, improve the thermal efficiency that starts cylinder; Be convenient to big-block engine and start, save auxiliary the setting, be convenient to operation, save the manufacture cost of motor; Be convenient to motor under the situation of running, realize detecting and maintenance work.Be described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1: single-cylinder engine longitudinal section view; Fig. 2: on the bonnet plate figure is set; Fig. 3: start cylinder upper part planimetric map; Fig. 4: start under the cylinder partly diaphragm structure planimetric map at the bottom of the cross-sectional and engine block upper part of air feed structure; Fig. 5: Transverse plane and exhaust driven gas turbine Power Recovery gearing situation plan on the tooth bar framework; Fig. 6: power shaft, pressurized cylinder (air feed) reciprocal inertia force are eliminated mechanism's plane structure distribution map; Fig. 7: pressurized cylinder bottom plate air flow system planimetric map; Fig. 8: motor left side structural drawing; Fig. 9: the engine block power shaft is installed import (removing cover plate) figure; Figure 10: motor back (after removing cover plate) gear shaft block, gear transmission and governor gear transmission diagram; Figure 11: pinion and rack output power twin-tub parallel-connection structure figure; Figure 12: connecting rod output power twin-tub parallel-connection structure figure; Figure 13: multi-cylinder combination and cylinder deactivation organization gear transmission planimetric map; Figure 14: cylinder deactivation mechanism structure figure.

Embodiment 1:

With embodiment 1 rate of doing work output mechanism in application number 200710147446.7 " a kind of pinion and rack " application, shown in Fig. 1: power output mechanism [3] is located at the neutral position of bottom body [7], illustrate in conjunction with Fig. 5: on the end face that the tooth bar framework upper end of mechanism [3] laterally connects, connection is started cylinder piston [8], is being fixed the tappet [51] of forming each mechanism, and end face left side extension [52] is the two-way oil pump of driven plunger formula [63] (Fig. 9 illustrates) directly; Positioning port [50] is left on the right, cooperates with the positioning block of making on the casing, determines the vertical motion of framework.The left rear corner of tooth bar framework and right front angle symmetric arrangement elimination reciprocal inertia force loose piece [35], [38].Fig. 6 illustrates: the tooth bar position [65] of loose piece [35], [38], [73], by gear [64], [76], connect protrusion position [4], [77] that the tooth bar frame sides is made the tooth bar tooth in the gear rack mode respectively, pinion stand [6], [74] are separately fixed on seat board [5] that chassis cavity stretches out, [75].Power output shaft [72] is fixed on the main shaft seat [78] of making on the casing before and after the fuselage, [69], and Figure of description 1-2 illustrates in associating Fig. 9 and the application " a kind of pinion and rack " (application number 200710147446.7): power shaft [72] is realized installing by the direct injection of motor open front.Oil lubricating is supplied with to the power axle bed in oil delivery arm [62], [66].On the section of stretching out of power shaft [72] back, make to have the chain gear [53] that connects speed regulator, flywheel [55] is housed; Tail end connects turbine [22] Power Recovery gear train [23] with free wheel device [67].Exhaust driven gas turbine [22] is located at the right lateral side (referring to Fig. 5) of motor.Also illustrate among Fig. 1: horizontal attachment portion, the lower end of tooth bar framework, directly make the piston of pressurized cylinder [70], the diameter of pressurized cylinder piston is to start more than 2 times of cylinder piston [8] diameter.Shown in Fig. 1 is the position (pressurized cylinder piston be positioned at pressurized cylinder compression at the end position) of two-piston when being positioned at lower dead center.Shown in Fig. 6: pressurized cylinder [70] is all around with supporting [71] continuous casting on body.Left-front corner and right back angle are provided with air intake pipe [61], [68], and the back of air intake pipe [61] is piston bidirectional oil pump [63], and left rear corner is the connecting tube [54] that pressurized air holds the gas passage.Fig. 7 illustrates: on the pressurized cylinder bottom plate [89], draught spring movable port [80] below leaving loose piece [35], [38], [79], remaining is the structure and the setting [1] (describe in detail referring to other application and conform to the principle of simplicity herein) of air feed system, top (Fig. 1 and Fig. 7 unite illustrate) of motor bottom plate [82], except that vent passages, remaining part is machine oil chamber [2]; Left comer illustrates under Fig. 7 left rear corner and Fig. 8: machine oil is provided with oil filtration net [81] entering lining, oil pump [63] preceding machine oil chamber [2]; Minor flaps [84] below the motor bottom plate [82], the fixedly draught spring [83] of loose piece [35] lower end installation; Fig. 8 also illustrates: the gear rack linkage structure at the protrusion position [4] that the tooth bar part [65] and the tooth bar framework of loose piece [35] stretches out; Loose piece [35] is also being fixed a transverse slat [86] of making screw, and the purposes of transverse slat [86] is to drive secondary oil pump [87]; Another loose piece [38] is gone up except that not having this transverse slat [86], other structure and loose piece [35] identical (not drawing among piston [38] figure).The machine oil that from oil pump [63], pumps, be responsible for [45] by oil delivery and be sent to the machine oil centrifugal filter [15] that is arranged on the arrangement of bonnet plate [20] left rear corner, be pumped into the upward realization cooling of machine oil radiating net [17] that the motor top is provided with by the secondary oil pump after filtering.

Fig. 1 illustrates: start cylinder by starting cylinder top [13] and start cylinder bottom [43] to cooperate formation in the middle of the top body [9], cylinder sleeve [12] is an overall structure, closely is assemblied in and starts in the cylinder.Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 unite and illustrate: the bottom [43] of starting cylinder is again simultaneously to go up pressurized air to hold gas passage annular air feed part (referring to application " a kind of working substance flow system of piston reciprocating engine and regulation and control thereof are provided with "), continuous casting on the diaphragm of going to the bottom of body [9], the screw hole corresponding (referring to Fig. 3) such as [30] of the casting of lower cylinder body on the screw [10] of 4 screw platforms on the diaphragm etc. and 4 screw bolt seats that start cylinder top to make; Fig. 1 illustrates: two-part become an overall structure by 4 screw rod secure fit such as [11] about starting cylinder; Fig. 4 illustrates: on two screw seats of back, make the draught spring seat [44] have exhaust to cut down respectively, find out in conjunction with Fig. 8: cold water spraying mechanism and regulation and control connected systems [41] thereof are arranged on end diaphragm left-front corner in the compression; In cold water jet pump nozzle over against pressurized cylinder air intake pipe (double dotted line illustrates among the figure), Fig. 4 settles fuel filter [39] in right front angle, at the bottom of the body of top on the diaphragm, also have loose piece [35], [38], fixedly tappet, supercharging (air feed) regulation and control flexible rod [32], oil delivery are responsible for movable ports such as [46], and ventilated port [40], [42], [49].On the left of the ventilated port [49], be cast with the leaf spring seat [48] of pressurized air bypass regulating and controlling mechanism.On the body back cabinet of top, machine oil centrifugal filter [15] is shelved on the left side, and driving cog axle bed [26] is made on the right.Illustrate in conjunction with Fig. 3: on the pinion stand [26], connecting shaft chain gear [25] and driving gear [24] (chain gear [25] is connected driving gear connection governor gear by the chain gear [53] of making on Transmitted chains and the power shaft) are installed, (referring to Figure 10, Fig. 5, Fig. 2).Fig. 3 also illustrates: start the top of cylinder to do that radiating fin [31] is arranged, and screw bolt seat [30], Fig. 1 illustrates: screw rod penetrates from the bar hole, screws in casting in the screw of screw platform on the diaphragm, makes the two-part up and down that start cylinder structure in aggregates that closely cooperates.Respectively leave exhaust on the row's two screw rods seat of back and cut down draught spring movable span [33]; Start in the middle of the radiating fin of cylinder top high temperature water jet pump nozzle and fuel pump nozzle to be installed, start in the middle of the radiating fin of cylinder front, settle the conjuncted transfer pump [29] of fuel oil and water spray, the back does have exhaust to cut down socket [34], exhaust is cut down in this socket [34] and is moved up and down, and realizes starting closing and unlatching work (referring to other application) of cylinder relief opening; The back of socket [34] connects outlet pipe [37] import, and above the outlet pipe import, installation exhaust air at intermittence enters non-return and cuts down [36], and outlet pipe [37] afterbody connects exhaust driven gas turbine [22].Fig. 5 illustrates: the power that turbine reclaims is passed to power output shaft [72] (referring to Fig. 6) by speed change gear group [23].Figure 10 illustrates (back shroud does not draw): on the motor back cross connecting plate [56], the gear shaft axle bed [57] of driving gear set [23] is installed, the drive mechanism of gear train is shown simultaneously.Fig. 1, Fig. 2 unite and illustrate: above the bonnet plate [20], preceding left comer is settled water spray filter cleaner [28], back left comer is settled machine oil centrifugal filter [15], and all the other settings are combined mechanism [21] and regulator control systems [27] (detailed description please be seen application in addition) of application in addition " combined mechanism and the regulator control system of a kind of tappet and this tappet ".Fig. 1, Fig. 8 illustrate: with the guard of air filtering net [18] and machine oil radiating net [17] formation, cover on the bonnet plate [20], enter in the cover air and at the machine oil after air heat radiation on the radiating net, the capping of flowing through is provided with the back and flows in the body from the middle intake grill of bonnet plate [19], realizes lubricated and cooling work to starting cylinder and other parts.

Embodiment 2:

Mechanism's (referring to active cylinder diagrammatic sketch in the left side among Figure 12) with the embodiment 2 in the application " a kind of working substance flow system of reciprocating piston internal combustion engine and regulation and control thereof are provided with ", " pinion and rack " in the alternative above-mentioned mode of execution 1 is used as power and exports and booster body, forms single-cylinder engine; Except that power output is to adopt traditional connecting rod, other settings are identical with mode of execution 1 with structure.

Embodiment 3:

Utilize the setting and the structure of above-mentioned embodiment 1, requirement according to motor, mechanism, rate of doing work output and the booster body of selecting in " a kind of gear rack " mechanism other, the structure of the corresponding different gear corners of rack stroke constitutes are formed the motor of designing requirement.

Embodiment 4:

Figure 11, Figure 12, Figure 13 unite and illustrate: back and forth be used to power and eliminate the single-cylinder engine structure of mechanism and exhaust driven gas turbine setting and be called " active cylinder " (Figure 11 [3], Figure 12 [92]) saving, " active cylinder " saved power take-off mechanism, be called " slave cylinder " (Figure 11 [88], Figure 12 [93]) with supporting the structure that connects two opposed pistonss.Active cylinder and slave cylinder are got up side by side, the power output shaft [90] (Figure 13 illustrate) parallel with active cylinder line shaft [97] is set in the middle of two cylinders, diaxon connects with gear [96], [95].Make pitman arm shaft with power output shaft [90], connect the support of active cylinder framework and slave cylinder with rocking arm (Figure 11: [91], Figure 12: [94]).The work of two cylinder alternatively up and down, active cylinder power is passed to power output shaft [90] output by line shaft [97] by gear [96], [95].The power of slave cylinder by support pass to slotted link mechanism, slotted link mechanism is passed to the active cylinder framework, pass to line shaft to power output shaft again and export.Constitute the twin-tub parallel engine by said structure.This motor is except that speed regulator, exhaust driven gas turbine are shared, and other structures of each cylinder, setting are identical with single-cylinder engine.

Embodiment 5:

Illustrate by Figure 13: will arrange before and after the twin-tub parallel engine, be together in series with power output shaft [90], each arranges line shaft [97], [103] of active cylinder in parallel, fixedly work alone separately respectively, and use cog with power output shaft [95], [104] of gear [96], [102] to connect respectively, each cylinder start order definite with connecting of power shaft gear to the position with each row's line shaft gear.Each cylinder structure, the identical (accent of setting with the twin-tub parallel-connection structure The speed device,Turbine, according to circumstances design its position), form multicylinder engine by the said structure form.

Embodiment 6:

Figure 13, Figure 14 unite and illustrate: the centre of series connection before and after cylinder is started in parallel connection, the gear train [99] that the rear end gear [98] of front-seat line shaft [97] is formed, the rotation of line shaft [97] and the piston motion phase place of active cylinder are passed on motor side unit's dish jaggy [100], the initial point of the corresponding loose piece in one side [106] the engagement contact movement that rotates before the clockwise direction up of unit's dish breach is the bursting point that motor second order breaks out cylinder (i.e. second row's active cylinder).The one long transverse slat [105] that laterally moves is arranged above unit's dish [100], be fixed on the engine body by transverse slat seat [104], [111], the rearward end of transverse slat [105] makes to have the fork plate [101] of half circumferential notch, fork plate [101] is movable is connected on the sliding gear [102] on the splined shaft [103] (second row's line shaft afterbody is made the part of spline), and sliding gear [102] meshes with the gear [104] that power shaft [90] afterbody is installed and connects.Long transverse slat [105] is gone up to install with unit's dish [100] and is gone up the corresponding loose piece [106] of breach, and loose piece [106] is united the adjusting upper-lower position by the leaf spring [108], the rocking bar [112] that are fixed on the long transverse slat [105].Rocking bar left side rocking arm [107] is connected on the loose piece [106], and Removable hook [109] is installed on the rocker head of the right.As shown in figure 14: loosening hook [109], loose piece [106] are under the pressure of leaf spring [108], and loose piece [106] is in and stretches out the following position of long transverse slat [105].In the time of will linking up with [109] and hang over fixing pin [110] and go up, rocking bar [107] pulling loose piece [106] and leaf spring [108] rising, the part that loose piece [106] stretches out below the long transverse slat is equal below long transverse slat.To link up with [109] hangs on the fixing pin [110], turn off back row and start oil supply cylinder, promote long transverse slat [105] and retreat to positioning step [113], sliding gear [102] breaks away from power shaft gear [104], back row starts cylinder to quit work and all motions, realizes the cylinder deactivation purpose.Back row's active cylinder is adjusted to the bursting point position, loosening hook [109] is thrown off fixing pin [110], loose piece [106] descends, breach on the unit's dish that rotates will automatically mesh with loose piece exactly, and unit's dish drives long horizontal piece and travels forward, and sliding gear [102] connects with power output shaft gear [104], back row starts the cylinder setting in motion, open back row and start oil supply cylinder, back row starts cylinder to drop into work done, carries out work accurately.Utilize above-mentioned working principle and mode of structure can also realize arrange the start cylinder deactivation of cylinder series connection motor or the operations of startup in parallel more.

Claims

1, a kind of reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, technical characteristics by the invention of three applications such as " a kind of pinion and rack ", " a kind of working substance flow system of reciprocating piston internal combustion engine and regulation and control be provided with ", " combined mechanism and the regulator control system of a kind of tappet and this tappet " combines, its feature shows as: engine block is combined by two-part up and down, substitute the output of the connecting rod rate of doing work with " a kind of pinion and rack " [3], be arranged on underpart and divide middle; Connect in the middle of the end face of the horizontal attachment portion, upper end of tooth bar framework and start the cylinder piston, horizontal attachment portion, lower end directly makes pressurized cylinder piston, and it is to start the super high pressure-charging mechanism of cylinder diameter more than 2 times that the opposed framework of formation two-piston connects into holistic pressurized cylinder diameter; Then said structure is that existing power output function is had the mechanism of super high pressure-charging function again;

Use around the pressurized cylinder and support continuous casting on the body of bottom, below pressurized cylinder bottom plate and the bottom plate, be the structure and the setting of the air feed system of " a kind of working substance flow system of reciprocating piston internal combustion engine and regulation and control thereof are provided with ", the compressed air of air feed system is held the gas passage, hold the gas passage on the diaphragm at the bottom of the upper machine body by compressed air communication Guan Yuzhu and connect, on hold the gas passage annular air feed part promptly be the bottom of starting cylinder body;

Tooth bar framework upper end is laterally on the side extending area of attachment portion, has positioning port and cooperates setting movement about the fixed frame with positioning block on the body; The tappet that is synchronized with the movement with piston in fixing respectively on other positions " combined mechanism and the regulator control system of a kind of tappet and this tappet "; Tappet stretches out the cover plate of diaphragm and motor at the bottom of the upper machine body, synthesize the mechanism and the regulator control system of the variant job requirement in " combined mechanism and the regulator control system of a kind of tappet and this tappet " with the component groups that head cover plate is provided with above, the guard that constitutes with air filtering net and machine oil radiating net covers on the motor top, and the setting on the hood is covered in the net;

Start the top of cylinder body, doing has radiating fin, and socket is cut down in screw bolt seat, exhaust; Starting cylinder relief opening to exhaust driven gas turbine is setting and structure in " be a kind of reciprocating piston internal combustion engine working substance flow system and regulation and control be provided with " vent systems; Insert screw rod from screw bolt seat bar hole, screw in the screw on the screw platform of making on the diaphragm at the bottom of the upper machine body, make and start the cylinder body top and the bottom to combine closely to become an integral body, cylinder sleeve closely is assemblied in the cylinder chamber that combines between the higher and lower levels; With the high temperature water spraying mechanism shower nozzle of the pump nozzle of cold water spraying mechanism in the compression of tappet altogether, stretch into the pressurized cylinder air intake pipe orifice, ejection water smoke when pressurized cylinder sucks air, during for the pressurized cylinder compression in cold cooling; The adjustable lever that pressurized cylinder sucks the controlling mechanism of air reaches on the bonnet plate, connects the regulator control system on the capping, is realized regulating or carrying out velocity modulation separately with working conditions change by regulator control system.

2, by described in the claim 1 the tooth bar framework of " a kind of pinion and rack " [3], with loose piece [35], gear [64], the reciprocal inertia force that draught spring [83] constitutes is eliminated mechanism, it is characterized in that: make the tooth bar tooth on the protrusion part that the tooth bar frame sides is made, the loose piece hypomere protrudes partly corresponding part with the tooth bar framework also makes corresponding tooth bar tooth, two tooth bar teeth are installed gear and the engagement of both sides tooth in the middle of the part relatively, when the tooth bar framework moves up and down, it is opposite with tooth bar frame movement direction that loose piece keeps at any time, the motion that speed equates is eliminated the tooth bar framework and is connected in the reciprocal inertia force of parts on the framework;

The other end that the loose piece lower end connects draught spring, spring is fixed on the bottom plate of motor, and when starting the cylinder outburst, framework moves downward, and the spring absorbing frame reduces the mechanical load of power shaft downwards to the impact force of power shaft; And the dead point when breaking framework and being positioned at lower dead center, framework is returned immediately move upward, reduce the impact force that the power shaft gear contacts with framework, and the pulling force of dispensing accumulation helps the power shaft work done.

3, by the machine oil centrifugal filter [15] described in the claim 1, machine oil radiating net [17], delivery pipe [45], the engine oil recycle system that oil pump [63] constitutes, it is characterized in that: machine oil pumps from the oil pump that is located in the motor noodle preparation machine oil pocket, after being sent to the machine oil centrifugal filter and filtering by delivery pipe, deliver to again on the machine oil radiating net of off the net of air filtering and lower the temperature, machine oil after the cooling is lubricated work to the setting above the motor upper cover plate, enter engine body from the upper cover plate intake grill together with fresh air then, to starting the parts in cylinder top and the body to realize lubricated and cooling work, flow into the machine oil chamber at last and finish a circulation.

4, by the described motor of claim 1, wherein power output mechanism " a kind of pinion and rack " substitutes with the mechanism of the embodiment 2 in the application " a kind of working substance flow system of reciprocating piston internal combustion engine and regulation and control thereof are provided with ", it is characterized in that: the power output of motor is to be finished by connecting rod, and other settings are with identical described in structure and the claim 1.

5, claim 1 or 4 described single-cylinder engines are together in parallel, make it to become the twin-tub parallel engine of new structure, it is characterized in that: eliminate a cylinder of mechanism and turbine setting as active cylinder [3] wherein saving reciprocal inertia force, save power take-off mechanism again than active cylinder, replace framework with supporting structure, it is slave cylinder [88] that a cylinder of cylinder piston and charged piston is started in connection, and the power shaft [90] parallel with the active cylinder line shaft is set in the middle of two cylinders, and diaxon connects with gear; Make pitman arm shaft with power shaft [90], rocking arm [91] one ends connect the framework of active cylinder [3], and the other end connects the supporting structure of slave cylinder [88]; Will drive the slave cylinder work that hockets simultaneously when active cylinder startup work, the framework that the power of slave cylinder is passed to active cylinder by rocking bar is passed to the line shaft of active cylinder again by framework; Line shaft is alternately passed to power shaft by the gear that is connected with power shaft with the power of active cylinder and slave cylinder and is exported to the external world; This twin-tub parallel engine, except that the speed regulator exhaust driven gas turbine was shared, other each cylinder settings were identical with single-cylinder engine with structure.

6, claim 5 described twin-tub parallel engines are together in series, form multicylinder engine, it is characterized in that: series connection respectively arrange the shared power shaft of twin-tub parallel engine, promptly with a power shaft each is arranged twin-tub in parallel and be together in series, each is arranged the outburst order of active cylinder and is determined by the phase sequence that each row's line shaft gear connects with the power shaft gear.

7, the gear [98] of making on a kind of line shaft of the row twin-tub active cylinder in parallel by the described series connection motor of claim 6, gear train [99], the cylinder deactivation setting that moving long transverse slat [105] constitutes, it is characterized in that: the described motor of the claim 6 wherein gear [98] on the line shaft of the active cylinder of a twin-tub in parallel [97] connects with gear train [99], work is passed in the rotation of line shaft [97] to be had on unit's dish [100] of approximate teeth groove breach, the initial point of the proal up one side of unit dish breach and the meshing contact movement of corresponding loose piece [106] is the bursting point of second row's active cylinder; Above unit's dish [100] long transverse slat [105] is set, is fixed on the engine body, only move forward and backward by transverse slat seat [104], [111]; The tail end of long transverse slat does to have the fork plate [101] of first shape prong to arrange movable connection of gear [102] of sliding on the active cylinder line shaft tail end splined section with back one, and sliding gear [102] is gone up the gear of installing [104] with power shaft [90] and connected; On the long transverse slat [105], coil [100] with unit and go up the loose piece [106] of the corresponding engagement of breach, unite the adjusting upper-lower position by the leaf spring [108] and the slotted link mechanism [112] that are fixed on the long transverse slat; Rocking arm [107] is connected on the loose piece [106] with the working end of leaf spring, Removable hook [109] is installed on another rocker head, fixing pin [116] is when connecting on hook [109] and long transverse slat, loose piece [106] rises, the leaf spring head that connects with loose piece [106] also rises, and it is partly equal with the transverse slat bottom surface to stretch out transverse slat [105] bottom surface below the loose piece [106]; Turn off back row and start oil supply cylinder, promote transverse slat [105] and retreat, when positioning step on the transverse slat [113] and transverse slat seat [104] when contacting, sliding gear [102] is under the promotion of horizontal piece tail end fork piece [101], cog with power shaft [104] separate, at this moment, back row starts cylinder to stop all motions; In the cylinder deactivation position, regulate the working position of back row's active cylinder, loosening hook [109] connects with fixing pin, and loose piece [106] is stretched in that the effect of leaf spring [108] is following, breach on the unit's dish that rotates just automatically meshes with loose piece [106] exactly, and the moving long horizontal piece of unit's dish body travels forward; Sliding gear [102] connects with power shaft gear [104], and back row starts cylinder to start fuel feeding, enters exactly and works.Utilize the structure of this setting and the cylinder deactivation operation that working principle can also realize many row's series connection twin-tubs.