CN110714835A

CN110714835A - Double-cylinder opposed four-stroke reciprocating piston type self-supercharging engine

Info

Publication number: CN110714835A
Application number: CN201810774351.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 唐为民
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-07-13
Filing date: 2018-07-13
Publication date: 2020-01-21

Abstract

The invention relates to a double-cylinder opposed four-stroke reciprocating piston type self-supercharging engine which consists of a piston crank slide block mechanism, a combined piston with a lubricating and cooling oil way, an air supply and distribution system and a pump air supercharging system. The reciprocating linear motion of a piston is changed into the rotary motion of a crankshaft through a piston crank slider mechanism, and the external work is done; the double-piston pump air generated in the pump air chamber is collected and pressed into the cylinder through the reciprocating motion of the piston, so that the self-pressurization is realized; the combined piston with lubricating oil path solves the problem of oil film lubrication necessary for normal work of the piston in the cylinder. Its liter power can be raised by one time, its self-supercharging diesel engine can implement quantity regulation, its self-supercharging gasoline engine can adopt compression ignition, its heat efficiency is high; based on large air volume, the whole engine performance of the existing engine can be comprehensively improved and enhanced; the self-pressurization mode of the device can be suitable for large, medium and small models.

Description

Double-cylinder opposed four-stroke reciprocating piston type self-supercharging engine

Belongs to the technical field of:

the invention relates to a double-cylinder opposite four-stroke reciprocating piston type self-supercharging engine, which is a reciprocating piston type four-stroke supercharging internal combustion engine.

Background art:

the existing reciprocating piston type four-stroke supercharging internal combustion engine is basically a four-stroke reciprocating piston crank connecting rod type internal combustion engine, and various defects of the reciprocating piston crank connecting rod type internal combustion engine exist in a natural air suction type engine and a supercharger. For example: 1. during the reciprocating operation of the piston, pumping of piston displacement is naturally generated twice at the lower part of the piston, however, the connecting rod swings, so that the recycling is inconvenient. 2. The piston crank connecting rod type force transmission mechanism has piston pin and pin seat for connecting piston connecting rod and piston skirt for guiding and bearing side pressure. 3. The necessary and sufficient condition for the normal operation of the piston and piston rings in the cylinder is to obtain reliable oil film lubrication. The splash lubrication can meet the working condition, and is simple and feasible. However, the side with insufficient splash lubrication is excessive oil supply, large oil scraping resistance, high power consumption, and has the hidden troubles of oil channeling, engine oil burning and the like. It can be considered that: the deficiencies of the above-described connecting rod machines have limited the improvement of engine performance to a considerable extent.

For the self-suction engine, because of the actual air quantity entering the cylinder, the basic parameters determining the power, oil consumption and pollution discharge of the engine are basically fixed, and the performance index of the engine has no great promotion space. The single-stage turbocharging is adopted, and the single-stage turbocharging is limited by the energy of the exhaust gas, so that the power per liter can be improved by 20-30 percent generally; the multi-stage heating and cooling can be higher, but the structure size is large, the machine purchasing cost is high, and in addition, the problems of back pressure increase, supercharging effect response delay along with the change of load and the like exist. Mechanical boosting is adopted, so that not only is the effective power consumed, but also the oil consumption is increased. However, in the current situation, the environmental protection requirements for motor vehicles are more and more stringent, and especially when the motor vehicles face strong impact with the advantages of no emission and no noise, the objective requirements are that the internal combustion engine must greatly increase the power and greatly reduce the fuel consumption and the pollution discharge value. The current state of the crank-link engine cannot meet the requirements, and the engine is not changed.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention provides a novel supercharged engine which is based on a four-stroke internal combustion engine and utilizes the reciprocating motion of a piston to collect two times of pump air generated at the lower part of the piston and press the pump air into a cylinder at the upper part of the piston, thereby realizing self supercharging. The aim is to overcome the shortage of piston crank connecting rod type internal combustion engine as far as possible on the basis of keeping high thermal efficiency and mature technology of the internal combustion engine, grasp the main contradiction of air input, collect the pump air generated in the running process of the lower part of the piston by the simplest and feasible method and use the collected pump air to pressurize the cylinder, thereby providing sufficient air source for greatly improving the power per liter of the engine, improving combustion, further greatly reducing fuel consumption and pollution discharge value and laying a material foundation for improving and improving the performance of the engine.

The invention relates to a self-supercharging engine, which is used for collecting pump air at the lower part of a piston and supercharging an upper cylinder. The reciprocating linear motion of the piston is converted into the rotary motion of the crankshaft through the piston crank block mechanism, and the air pressure of the piston is converted into the driving force for pushing the crankshaft to rotate; the air is divided into two parts by an air supply and distribution system, and is respectively supplied to the cylinder and a pumping chamber arranged between the lower part of the piston and the crankcase according to the demand of the engine under different working conditions, and the pumping generated by the pumping chamber is collected and stored by a pumping pressurization system and is pressurized for the cylinder at a set time. Through the combined piston with the lubricating and cooling oil way, sufficient and reliable oil film lubrication is provided for ensuring the normal operation of the piston and the piston ring in the cylinder sleeve, and the working temperature of the piston top and the piston ring area is properly reduced through the inner cooling oil cavity, so that the combined piston can work for a long time in a favorable and reliable temperature range.

The piston crank slide block mechanism of the invention consists of a piston, a piston rod, a slide rail, a slide block and a crankshaft, which are more combined parts rather than a single part. The piston of the engine is connected with the slide rail into a whole through a piston rod, and the air pressure born by the piston in the cylinder is transmitted to the crankshaft through a force transmission mechanism and pushes the crankshaft to do work outwards as same as a piston crank connecting rod type engine. The force transmission mechanism of the invention is fundamentally different from a crank connecting rod type force transmission mechanism in that the pressure of air is transmitted to a crankshaft through a slide rail and a slide block instead of a connecting rod, so that the piston crank slide block mechanism of the invention has no connecting rod which swings back and forth, and a pumping chamber is easily arranged between a piston and a crankcase for collecting the piston pumping air and pressurizing an air cylinder. The pump air is first stored in the air container by the compression action of the piston, and then the cylinder is pressurized in the compression stroke in the form of pressure injection.

Since the amount of air taken into the cylinder is not substantially changed during the intake stroke, and the amount of pump air generated by the pump chamber and allowed to be pressed into the cylinder is more than one time the displacement of the piston, the density of air taken into the cylinder is increased by several times, and the power per liter of the engine can also be increased by several times. The specific weight and the oil consumption can be correspondingly and greatly reduced while the power per liter is improved. On the basis of large air inflow and on the premise of keeping the existing higher power level, more air can be used for improving combustion, such as lean burn, stratified combustion and the like, so that the fuel consumption and the pollution discharge value are greatly reduced. On the other hand, the actual air inflow of the self-supercharging device is regulated and controlled by the air supply distribution system regardless of the air cylinder or the air pumping chamber, so that the power adjusting range of the self-supercharging device is wider than that of the existing self-sucking or supercharging type. The variable-capacity compression engine can provide different air supply quantities according to different working conditions, so that the diesel engine can realize quantity adjustment like a gasoline engine, and the compression power consumption in the actual operation process is reduced. In the gasoline engine, pure air is injected into the cylinder in the middle early stage of the intake stroke and the pressurization process, so that the mixed gas is formed only in the later stage of the pressurization process and the compression process. Therefore, 1, the forming time of the mixed gas is short; 2. forming a mixed gas block due to the higher working temperature of the pre-compressed pressurized gas; 3. because the mixed gas is not easy to diffuse in the later stage of compression and the combustion is similar to the stratified combustion of a diesel engine, the self-boosting gasoline engine has good starting performance, can adopt a compression ignition mode and has high thermal efficiency.

In order to meet the necessary and sufficient conditions for the normal work of the piston and the piston ring in the cylinder: oil film lubrication, the technical scheme adopted by the self-supercharging machine is as follows: by the reciprocating motion of the piston, a lubricating oil film is directly formed between the piston and the cylinder. According to the way of obtaining engine oil, the engine oil is divided into two forms, namely a piston in vitro form and a piston in vivo form. The traditional splash lubrication belongs to external oil supply and is not suitable for the self-supercharging engine provided with the pumping chamber between the piston and the crankcase. The problems of pump air entering an oil supply channel, engine oil pollution and the like exist by adopting an internal circulation lubricating system of the cylinder sleeve. The self-supercharging engine adopts an oil supply mode in the piston body. The piston of the self-supercharging engine is a combined piston with a lubricating and cooling oil way. The top of the piston is a conical boss, and a conical cooling oil cavity is arranged inside the boss. An oblique wave oil distribution ring is arranged between the upper combined type gas ring and the lower combined type gas ring. The engine oil of the oblique wave oil distribution ring comes from a central oil pipe of the piston rod, and a hole groove of the central oil pipe is communicated with an annular oil duct on the back of the oil distribution ring. The engine oil flows through a plurality of oil coating orifices distributed along the circumference of the oil distribution ring in the annular oil duct, is directly coated on the wall of the cylinder, flows into the cooling oil cavity through the oil return hole groove, and flows back to the crankcase through the oil return cavity after cooling the piston. When the piston is not moved, the oil coating hole is closed, and the engine oil can not flow out. When the piston moves, the piston is rubbed and extended by the oblique wave backing ring, the oil scraper ring and the gas ring. The lubricating oil film which ensures the normal work of the piston and the cylinder wall is formed between the piston and the cylinder wall, and the combined piston with the lubricating and cooling oil path has the following advantages:

1. the problems of oil film lubrication and piston cooling required by normal work of the piston and the piston ring in the cylinder are solved well, and the phenomenon that oil is burned by oil fleeing in splash lubrication is thoroughly eliminated.

2. The oil film thickness can be optimized, the oil consumption is reduced, and the discharge of soot and particulate matters is reduced.

3. The elasticity of the oil distribution ring is smaller than that of the oil scraper ring, and the friction loss is reduced.

4. The oil temperature of the engine oil with the lubricating function is lower than that of the engine oil with the cooling function, so that the total oil temperature of the engine oil can be selected to be lower in working temperature, and the engine oil is favorable for preventing the engine oil from deteriorating and generating gel and carbon deposit.

5. The piston top with the frustum is utilized to form an annular combustion chamber, the propagation distance of flame is short, the combustion speed is high, the pressure distribution is uniform, the retention time of mixed gas at high temperature is short, the heat dissipation surface area is large, and the highest working temperature is restrained, so that the total effect is that the heat efficiency is high, and the generation amount of NOx is relatively small.

Description of the drawings:

the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

FIG. 1 is a basic configuration diagram of one embodiment of the dual cylinder opposed four stroke reciprocating piston self-supercharging engine of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the slide, slider and crank connection to illustrate the construction and connection of the slider-crank mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a composite piston with lubricating cooling oil passages.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the operation of a ramp oil ring in an assembled state with a piston and a cylinder.

Fig. 5 is a front view of the closure interlocking combination gas ring.

FIG. 6 is a top view of FIG. 5, showing the annular mouths of the upper and lower component rings sealed off from one another and locked in different orientations around the circumference of the rings.

Illustration of the drawings:

1. a combined piston with a lubricating and cooling oil path comprises a combined piston 1-1 upper combined gas ring, 1-1-1 upper and lower combined rings, 1-1-1-1 annular port, 1-1-1-2 dovetail groove, 1-1-2 seal interlocking plate, 1-1-2-1 lock head, 1-1-3 annular groove bottom, 1-2 oblique wave oil distribution ring, 1-2-1 upper and lower oil scraper ring, 1-2-2 oblique wave liner ring, 1-2-2-1 liner ring convex wave, 1-2-2-2 oil coating port, 1-2-2-3 liner ring concave wave stop, 1-3 lower combined gas ring, 1-4 piston head, 1-4-1 cone top, 1-4-2 cone top cooling oil cavity, 1-4-3 oil return cooling oil cavity, 1-5 piston body, 1-6 nozzle sleeve, 1-6-1 nozzle, 1-7 oil inlet hole groove, 1-8 annular oil passage, 1-9 oil return hole groove, 1-10 engine oil flow direction mark, 1-11 oil return cavity, 2 air inlet valve, 3 air outlet valve, 4 air cylinder, 4-1 air cylinder wall, 5 piston rod component, 5-1 piston rod, 5-2 central oil pipe, 6 pump air chamber, 6-1 air inlet valve, 6-2 air outlet valve, 6-3 air storage container, 6-4 booster pipe, 6-5 booster valve, 7 slide rail frame, 7-1 left slide rail, 7-2 right slide rail, 7-3 connecting plate, 8 slide block component, 8-1 half pin shaft, 8-2 clasp, 8-3 lower row roller, 8-4 rows of balls, 8-5 pin bearings, 9, 1 crank, 10, 2 cranks, 11 cranks, 12 air supply distribution systems, 12-1 air filters, 12-2 distributors and 12-3 air inlet pipes.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the first embodiment of the invention as shown in fig. 1 is composed of 1 double cylinder, or multiple double cylinders connected in series along the axis direction of the crankshaft, each cylinder and the opposite cylinder have a common piston crank block mechanism, an air supply distribution system, an independent self-pressurization system and an oil film lubrication system, and a pumping air chamber 6 for generating pumping air is arranged between the lower part of each piston and the crankcase.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, and 3: the piston crank sliding block mechanism consists of a combined piston 1 with a lubricating and cooling oil path, a piston rod assembly 5, a sliding frame assembly 7, a sliding block assembly 8, pin shaft bearings 8-5, No. 1 and No. 2 cranks 9 and 10. Since the left and right cylinders have the same structure, the structure, connection, and movement of each part will be described below with reference to the left cylinder.

The combined piston 1 with the lubricating and cooling oil path consists of an upper combined gas ring 1-1, an oblique wave oil distribution ring 1-2, a lower combined gas ring 1-3, a piston head 1-4, a piston body 1-5 and a nozzle sleeve 1-6. The piston head 1-4 and the piston body 1-5 are in interference connection, an oil return cooling oil cavity 1-4-3 is formed in the piston head 1-4, and a conical top cooling oil cavity 1-4-2 is formed by the piston head 1-4 and the nozzle sleeve 1-6. An upper combined air ring 1-1, an oblique wave oil distribution ring 1-2 and a lower combined air ring 1-3 are sequentially arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the combined piston 1 from top to bottom. The piston rod assembly 5 consists of a piston rod 5-1 and a central oil pipe 5-2. The piston head 1-4 is in threaded connection with the piston rod 5-1, and the other end of the piston rod 5-1 penetrates through the pumping chamber and is vertically connected with the left sliding rail 7-1. One end of the central oil pipe 5-2 is inserted into the nozzle sleeve 1-6, the other end is inserted into the seat hole at the center of the slide rail and is communicated with the oil hole at the center of the slide rail, and the oil hole at the center of the slide rail is communicated with the oil supply line of the crankshaft 11. In the double-cylinder opposed self-supercharging device of the invention, the crankshaft 11 has only one crank throw for the convenience of manufacture, assembly and optimization of structure, and is a combined structure which is mutually related. The sliding block component 8 consists of a half pin shaft 8-1, a clasping buckle 8-2, a lower row of rollers 8-3, an upper row of balls 8-4 and a pin shaft bearing 8-5, wherein the axis of the half pin shaft 8-1 is vertical to the symmetrical axis of the clasping buckle 8-2, and the half pin shaft 8-1 and the clasping buckle 8-2 are integrated. The crankshaft 11 consists of a No. 1 crank 9, a pin shaft and a No. 2 crank 10. The half pin shafts of the left cylinder and the right cylinder are combined into a complete pin shaft. The clasping buckle 8-2 is in sliding connection with the left slide rail 7-1 through an upper row of rolling balls 8-4 and a lower row of rolling rollers 8-3. The pin shaft connects the cranks 9 and 10 No. 1 and No. 2 through pin shaft bearings 8-5 to form a complete crankshaft 11. The slider assembly 8 rotates both about the center line of the pin boss hole and about the center line of the crankshaft 11. This is a planetary structure with rotation plus revolution, which operates in exactly the same manner as the connecting rods of a connecting rod machine. Therefore, it is completely feasible to replace the piston crank-connecting rod mechanism with the piston crank-slider mechanism. This has the advantage that a pumping chamber 6 for generating a piston pump can be arranged between the lower part of the piston and the crankcase. Both the pumping chamber and the cylinder are supplied with air by an air supply and distribution system. The air supply distribution system 12 is composed of an air cleaner 12-1, a throttle valve 12-2 functioning as a distributor, and an intake pipe 12-3. The piston moves upwards, a one-way air inlet valve 6-1 of the pumping chamber 6 is opened, and the pumping chamber 6 is inflated; when the piston moves downwards and is in an air inlet stroke, the air cylinder 4 sucks air, an air inlet valve of the air pumping chamber is closed, a one-way exhaust valve 6-2 is opened, the air sucked in the previous stroke of the air pumping chamber is pumped into an air storage container 6-3 through the compression action of the combined piston 1, then the air is pumped into the air storage container 6-3 through a pressure pipe 6-4 in a pressure injection mode at a set moment, the air inlet valve 2 is closed, and the air cylinder 4 is pressurized through a pressure valve 6-5 in the compression process. When the pressurizing pressure and the compression pressure tend to be balanced, the pressurizing valve 6-5 is closed, and the piston continues to move upwards to complete the compression and the subsequent power stroke. This is the self-supercharging mode adopted in the first embodiment of the self-supercharging device of the present invention. The second embodiment of the self-supercharging machine of the invention adopts the steps that firstly, when a part of the pump air generated in the working stroke is close to the top dead center in the exhaust stroke, the supercharging valve 6-5 is firstly opened to scavenge air for the cylinder 4 in the form of pressure, the effects of cooling the exhaust valve and secondarily supplementing air are realized, then the supercharging valve 6-5 is secondly opened, and the rest part of the supercharging system and the pump air generated in the intake stroke are pressed into the cylinder 4 together to supercharge the cylinder.

As shown in figure 3, the upper or lower combined gas ring 1-1 or 1-3 of the combined piston 1 with the lubricating and cooling oil path of the self-supercharging machine respectively consists of two elastic upper and lower combined rings 1-1-1 with axial dovetail grooves 1-1-1-2 at the ring opening 1-1-1-1 and a sealing interlocking plate 1-1-2 with a locking head 1-1-2-1 at both ends and capable of being contained by the dovetail grooves 1-1-1-2, in the assembly state, the semi-circular arc of the sealing interlocking plate 1-1-2 is supported on the bottom surface 1-1-3 of the circular groove, the sealing head 1-1-2-1 enters the dovetail groove 1-1-1-2, the ring mouth 1-1-1-1 is sealed off from the radial direction and the upper and lower component rings are locked at different directions of the circumference. The upper and lower combined gas rings 1-1 or 1-3 form a seal for the upper cylinder 4 and the lower pumping chamber 6 in the assembled state of the piston 1 and the cylinder wall 4-1.

The invention relates to an oblique wave oil distribution ring 1-2 of a combined piston 1 with a lubricating and cooling oil way of a self-supercharging machine, which consists of annular oblique wave liner rings 1-2-2 and upper and lower radial step oil scraper rings 1-2-1 which are connected end to end. The oil scraper ring 1-2-1 is arranged at the spigot 1-2-2-3 of the concave wave of the lining ring, and the upper and lower parts are respectively arranged. The convex wave 1-2-2-1 of the liner ring and a bus of the cylinder wall have an oblique angle smaller than 45 degrees, the outer cylindrical surface of the convex wave 1-2-2-1 is plated with soft metal or soft alloy such as copper, molybdenum and the like, the oblique wave liner ring 1-2-2 and the oil scraper ring 1-2-1, and the outer cylindrical surface of the oblique wave liner ring is attached to the cylinder wall 4-1 in the assembly state of the oblique wave liner ring and the piston cylinder. After entering the combined piston 1 from the central oil pipe 5-2, engine oil enters the annular oil duct 1-8 at the ring back of the oblique wave distribution oil ring 1-2 through an oil inlet hole groove 1-7 communicated with the central oil pipe 5-2 and the annular oil duct 1-8, and is smeared on the cylinder wall through oil smearing orifices 1-2-2-2 distributed along the ring circumference in the process of flowing in the annular oil duct. When the piston is not moved, the oiling hole 1-2-2-2 is blocked by the binding surface of the convex wave 1-2-2-1. When the piston reciprocates, the engine oil coated on the cylinder wall 4-1 is rubbed and rolled by the convex waves 1-2-2-1, and a lubricating oil film for ensuring the normal operation of the piston 1 and the cylinder wall 4-1 is formed between the oil scraper ring 1-2-1 and the combined gas ring 1-1 or 1-3 under the extending and covering actions. When the lubricating oil film is formed and oil is rich, the surplus engine oil is stored in the annular oil line of the upper and lower oil scraper rings 1-2-1 and the upper and lower component rings 1-1-1 to play a role in supplementing and regulating. And then the engine oil flows into an oil return cooling oil cavity 1-4-3 from the annular oil duct through the oil return hole grooves 1-9, cools the piston, flows into an oil return cavity 1-11 through the oil return hole grooves 1-9 on the other side, and finally flows into a crankcase through the oil return cavity. The other path of engine oil is sprayed into the conical top cooling oil cavity from the nozzle 1-6-1 of the nozzle sleeve 1-6, cools the cone and then flows back to the oil return cavity 1-11. The oil flow path is indicated by oil flow indicators 1-10.

In the implementation process, in order to solve the problems of deflection and eccentric wear of a piston, a piston rod and a slide rail component and overlarge bending stress of a joint of the piston ring and the slide rail in the operation process of a single cylinder engine, the self-supercharging engine adopts a double-cylinder opposite structure, and the left slide rail 7-1 and the right slide rail 7-2 are connected into a rectangular slide rail frame 7 by using a connecting plate 7-3, so that after the connection, the problems of eccentric wear and overlarge bending stress are well solved, and the problems of poor stress and easy deformation of the slide rail in a cantilever state are solved. In addition, the two cylinders are opposite, the two cylinders share one pin shaft, and the piston is directly continuous with the piston rod without a piston pin and a piston skirt, so that the structural size of the engine in the cylinder sleeve or the axis direction of the crankshaft is reduced. Therefore, the self-supercharging engine of the invention not only has high power per liter, but also has light structure weight and less specific oil consumption.

In summary, the double-cylinder opposed four-stroke reciprocating piston type self-supercharging engine of the invention has the following advantages besides the advantages already described:

1. the reciprocating inertia force is changed into the pressure of the pump gas, so that the power consumption of compressing the pump gas is reduced, the vibration caused by the inertia force is reduced, the mechanical load of the crank pin and the main journal is reduced, and the beneficial effect of changing harm into benefit is achieved.

2. The engine oil is prevented from being polluted by leaked fuel gas, the lubricating quality of the engine oil is better, and the replacement period is longer, so that the service life of the engine is greatly prolonged.

3. The self-pressurization mode is simple and easy to implement, and can be applied to large, medium and small models.

4. Compared with other engines with the same displacement, the exhaust gas turbine engine has the advantages of larger exhaust gas volume and higher exhaust temperature, is more favorable for driving other accessory devices with larger power consumption, such as a water pump, an oil pump and the like by utilizing the exhaust gas turbine, and increases the output power.

5. The piston is not provided with the piston pin boss and the piston skirt, so that the structural height of the piston is reduced; the double cylinders share one pin shaft, the axial length of the crankshaft is shortened, the bending resistance and torsion resistance of the crankshaft are enhanced, the power of the engine is stronger, and the structure tends to be more miniaturized and lightened.

6. By adopting the slide block frame and the linkage of the double cylinders, the technical problems of piston deflection, eccentric wear and overlarge bending stress at the joint of the piston rod and the slide rail are effectively solved.

Claims

1. A double-cylinder opposed four-stroke reciprocating piston type self-supercharging engine consists of 1 or more double cylinders, and each cylinder of the engine is provided with a common piston crank slide block mechanism, an air supply distribution system, an independent pump air supercharging system and an oil film lubrication system, and is characterized in that: between the lower part of each piston and the crankcase, there is a pumping chamber (6) with one-way intake and exhaust valves (6-1), (6-2), which supplies the cylinder (4) and the pumping chamber (6) through an air supply and distribution system (12), and which uses the reciprocating motion of the piston to pump the piston twice generated in the pumping chamber (6) in one working cycle through a pumping pressurization system for scavenging and pressurizing the cylinder (4).

2. The air supply distribution system (12) of a twin-cylinder opposed four-stroke reciprocating piston self-supercharging engine according to claim 1, comprising an air filter (12-1), a distributor (12-2) and an intake pipe (12-3) connecting the intake valve (2) and the intake valve (6-1), characterized in that: the air supply to the air cylinder (4) or the air pumping chamber (6) is regulated and controlled by the distributor (12-2).

3. The pumping supercharging system of a double-cylinder opposed four-stroke reciprocating piston type self-supercharging engine according to claim 1, which is composed of a pressure pipe (6-4) and a pressure valve (6-5) of an air storage container (6-3), and is characterized in that: the piston pumping gas discharged from the pumping chamber (6) in the working stroke and the intake stroke is stored in the gas storage container (6-3) by utilizing the compression action of the piston, then the cylinder (4) is scavenged in the exhaust stroke through the booster pipe (6-4) and the booster valve (6-5), and the cylinder (4) is pressurized in the compression stroke.

4. The piston crank block mechanism of a double cylinder opposed four stroke reciprocating piston self supercharging engine according to claim 1, comprising a combined piston (1) with lubricating and cooling oil channels. Piston rod subassembly (5), slide rail frame (7), slider assembly (8), No. 1 crank (9) and No. 2 crank (10) are constituteed, characterized by: on one hand, a combined piston (1) with a lubricating and cooling oil path is connected with a slide rail frame (7) in a crankcase into a whole through a piston rod assembly (5) penetrating through a pumping chamber, and a slide block assembly (8) is in sliding connection with a left slide rail (7-1) through an upper row of balls (8-4) and a lower row of rollers (8-3) by a clasp (8-2); on the other hand, half pin shafts (8-1) of the sliding block assemblies (8) of the left cylinder and the right cylinder are combined into a pin shaft through pin shaft bearings (8-5), the pin shaft and the pin shaft are arranged in a pin shaft seat hole of a crank together, and after the pin shaft and the crank (9) and the crank (10) are combined into a complete crank shaft (11), the sliding block assemblies (8) rotate around the center line of the pin shaft seat hole and the center line of the crank shaft (11).

5. The combined piston (1) with the lubricating and cooling oil path of the double-cylinder opposite four-stroke reciprocating piston type self-supercharging engine according to the claim 1 or 4 consists of a piston head (1-4), a piston body (1-5), a nozzle sleeve (1-6), an upper combined air ring (1-1), an oblique wave distribution oil ring (1-2) and a lower combined air ring (1-3), and is characterized in that: an oblique wave oil distribution ring (1-2) arranged between the upper and lower combined gas rings, and a lubricating oil film is formed between the piston and the cylinder wall by the reciprocating motion of the piston; the upper and lower combined gas rings (1-1) and (1-3) are combined with the combined piston (1) and the cylinder wall (4-1) to form a seal for the upper cylinder (4) and the lower pumping chamber (6).

6. The lubrication and cooling oil circuit of the combined piston (1) of the double-cylinder opposed four-stroke reciprocating piston type self-supercharging engine according to the claim 1 or 5, wherein the oil return cooling oil cavity (1-4-3) is formed by combining the piston head (1-4) and the piston body (1-5) inside the oil return cooling oil cavity, and the cone top cooling oil cavity (1-4-2) is formed on the nozzle sleeve by the piston head (1-4) and the nozzle sleeve (1-6), and is characterized in that: one path of pressure oil introduced from a central oil pipe sequentially passes through the central oil pipe (5-2), the nozzle sleeve (1-6), the piston head (1-4), the piston body (1-5) and an oil inlet hole groove (1-7) of an oblique wave distribution oil ring groove which are communicated with one another in series to enter an annular oil duct (1-8), oil is supplied and distributed to the oblique wave distribution oil ring (1-2) in the flowing process, then the pressure oil enters an oil return cooling oil cavity (1-4-3) through an oil return hole groove (1-9), the piston head and the piston body are cooled, and then the pressure oil flows into an oil return cavity (1-11) between the piston rod (5-1) and the central oil pipe (5-2) through the oil return hole groove (1-9) on the other side and finally flows back to a crankcase; the other path is sprayed into a conical top cooling oil cavity through a nozzle (1-6-1) of a nozzle sleeve (1-6) to cool the cone and then flows back to a crankcase through an oil return cavity (1-11).

7. The oblique wave oil distribution ring (1-2) of the double-cylinder opposed four-stroke reciprocating piston self-supercharging engine according to claim 1 or 5, which comprises an oblique wave bushing ring (1-2-2) rolled by a spring steel strip and two upper and lower radial step lap oil scraper rings (1-2-1) respectively arranged at the upper and lower end rabbets (1-2-2-3) of the oblique wave bushing ring, wherein the oblique wave bushing ring (1-2-2) is an oblique wave-shaped circular ring connected end to end, the oblique wave forms an inner included angle of 45 degrees with a cylinder bus, the upper and lower ends of the inner side of the oblique wave bushing ring are provided with the rabbets (1-2-2-3) formed by concave wave lugs, the outer cylindrical surface of the convex wave (1-2-2-1) is plated with a layer of soft metal or soft alloy such as copper, molybdenum and the like, and an oil coating orifice (1-2-2) is formed at the middle part, it is under the assembled state with piston, cylinder, characterized by: the outer cylindrical surfaces of the upper oil scraper ring (1-2-1) and the lower oil scraper ring (1-2-2) and the oblique wave backing ring (1-2-2) are attached to the cylinder wall, and when the piston is not moved, the oiling orifice (1-2-2-2) is sealed by the attachment surface; when the piston moves, engine oil flowing in an annular oil passage (1-8) at the back of the oblique wave oil distribution ring continuously coats the cylinder wall (4-1) through oil coating orifices (1-2-2-2) distributed along the circumference of the oblique wave oil distribution ring (1-2), and simultaneously forms a lubricating oil film between the piston group and the cylinder wall through the rubbing and extending actions of the oblique wave oil distribution ring (1-2) and the upper and lower combined gas rings.

8. The upper or lower combined gas ring (1-1) or (1-3) with a sealing interlocking device of the double-cylinder opposed four-stroke reciprocating piston type self-supercharging engine according to claim 1 or 5 consists of an upper and a lower combined ring (1-1-1) and a sealing interlocking plate (1-1-2), wherein the inner edges of two ends of a ring opening (1-1-1-1) of the upper and the lower combined ring are axially cut with dovetail grooves (1-1-1-2) capable of containing sealing heads (1-1-2-1), the two ends of a semicircular sealing interlocking plate (1-1-2) are provided with sealing heads (1-1-2-1) capable of being embedded into the dovetail grooves (1-1-1-2), and in the assembly state of the piston and the cylinder, the method is characterized in that: the lock sealing head (1-1-2-1) is embedded into the dovetail groove (1-1-1-2) which is formed into a ring up and down, so that the ring opening (1-1-1-1) is sealed in the radial direction, and the ring opening (1-1-1-1) formed into the ring (1-1-1) up and down is locked in different directions.

9. The piston rod assembly (5) of a double cylinder opposed four stroke reciprocating piston self supercharging engine according to claim 1 or 5, which is composed of a piston rod (5-1) and a central oil pipe (5-2), characterized in that: one end of the central oil pipe (5-2) is inserted into the nozzle sleeve (1-6), the other end is inserted into a seat hole in the center of the sliding rail (7-1) and communicated with a central oil hole of the sliding rail, the central oil pipe is an oil supply channel of the piston assembly, and an oil return cavity (1-11) of cooling oil is arranged between the central oil pipe and the piston rod.

10. The slide rail frame (7) of the double-cylinder opposed four-stroke reciprocating piston type self-supercharging engine according to claim 1 or 5, which is composed of left and right slide rails (7-1), (7-2) opposed to double cylinders and two connecting plates (7-3) connecting two ends of the slide rails, is characterized in that: the left and right slide rails (7-1), (7-2) and two connecting plates (7-3) are connected into a rectangular frame, piston assemblies with two opposite cylinders are connected into a whole, and the piston assemblies synchronously reciprocate in respective cylinders.