CN105710548A - 脉冲连接盒 - Google Patents

脉冲连接盒 Download PDF

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CN105710548A
CN105710548A CN201510956398.0A CN201510956398A CN105710548A CN 105710548 A CN105710548 A CN 105710548A CN 201510956398 A CN201510956398 A CN 201510956398A CN 105710548 A CN105710548 A CN 105710548A
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fastening means
pulse
tubular element
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谢尔盖·法德勒威奇·高洛瓦申科
约翰·约瑟夫·弗朗西斯·波南
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/06Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of high energy impulses, e.g. magnetic energy
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K31/00Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K31/02Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
    • B23K31/027Making tubes with soldering or welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/04Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/002Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/06Tubes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/10Aluminium or alloys thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/15Magnesium or alloys thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/16Composite materials, e.g. fibre reinforced
    • B23K2103/166Multilayered materials
    • B23K2103/172Multilayered materials wherein at least one of the layers is non-metallic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18Dissimilar materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18Dissimilar materials
    • B23K2103/20Ferrous alloys and aluminium or alloys thereof

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)

Abstract

本公开提供一种脉冲连接工具。所述脉冲连接工具包括限定了容纳内部管状构件和外部管状构件的腔体的工具主体,以及脉冲连接盒。所述管状构件利用设置在所述外部管状构件周围的盒被嵌套在一起。所述盒包括导体,诸如导线或箔片,所述导体围绕所述外部管状构件延伸,并且所述导体被绝缘以将供电段和回路段隔开。电能储存源通过导体放电以利用电磁力脉冲来连接所述管状构件。

Description

脉冲连接盒
技术领域
本公开涉及设置在盒中用于脉冲焊接工具或脉冲压铆工具的导体,当导体放电时,所述导体用于通过焊接或压铆将两个管状构件连接。
背景技术
在车体结构中包括大量的铝镁合金,尤其是在乘员车厢安全笼或“玻璃舱(greenhouse)”中,因此,需要引入具有更高比强度和刚度的更轻质的合金。常见的,轻质合金必须连接到高强度的铁质材料以满足设计和法规要求。目前,异种金属连接(例如,硼钢连接到6xxx系列的铝)指定用在符合规定的安全标准的结构中。
机械连接(例如,铆钉或流钻攻丝)可被用于连接异种材料,但是这种连接的强度、耐用性和耐腐蚀性与类似材料焊接的性能不匹配。
与具有焊接凸缘的类似的低碳钢结构的钣金件相比,由于挤压件和液压成型部件能够获得非常高的刚度并提供更好的材料利用率,因此对于安全笼、尤其是车顶纵梁白车身(BIW)结构是非常有吸引力的。挤压件和液压成型部件广泛实施的主要障碍是缺乏将这些部件整合到BIW结构中的经济的量产连接方法。连接方法(例如,电阻焊接、MIG焊接、TIG焊接和旋转搅拌摩擦焊接)发热会引入尺寸变形,并且会对由特殊热处理合金制成的部件的微结构或材料性能造成不利地影响。
当前可用几种不同类型的连接方法,并且这些连接方法可被划分为单面法或双面法。由于与一些挤压件中封闭的内部空隙相关的使用问题,因此挤压连接的单面连接方法对于挤压的实施是至关重要的。单面连接方法(例如,流钻攻丝)增加了装配的成本并且不能很好地适于高强度钢部件。双面连接方法(诸如自冲铆接和压铆连接)需要使用接头的背面,难以用在挤压件或管状部件被连接的一些应用中。
如下面总结的,本公开解决了上述问题和其它问题。
发明内容
根据本公开的一个方面,公开了一种脉冲连接工具,包括工具主体和盒。所述工具主体限定用于容纳两个嵌套的管状构件的腔体。所述盒被设置在所述腔体中并包括从入口点周向延伸到换向点的供电导体和回路导体。电绝缘物隔离挤出件、夹具、供电导体和回路导体。电能储存源通过所述供电导体和所述回路导体放电以利用电磁力(EMF)脉冲来连接所述管状构件。
根据本公开的另一个方面,所述脉冲连接工具可包括至少两个部分,所述至少两个部分是可分开的以装载和卸载所述管状构件。芯棒可被插在所述管状构件内侧以在所述电能储存源通过所述供电导体和所述回路导体放电时支撑所述管状构件。所述芯棒在膨胀位置处支撑所述管状构件,并径向缩回到缩回位置以将所述芯棒从所述管状构件移除。
根据本公开的另一个方面,所述绝缘材料可以是包围导线环的塑料套管。
所述工具可包括可分开的第一部分和第二部分,致动器使第一部件和第二部件可分离并且使所述第一部分和所述第二部分在打开位置和闭合位置之间移动。
根据本公开的其它方面,公开一种用于连接管状部件的工具,所述工具包括主体,所述主体限定用于容纳所述管状部件的重叠部分的腔体。盒支撑围绕所述重叠部分延伸的导体。所述导体包括以第一旋转方向围绕所述重叠部分延伸到换向点的供电段和以第二旋转方向围绕所述重叠部分延伸离开所述换向点的回路段。所述供电段与所述回路段彼此绝缘。电能储存源通过在相反旋转方向上的供电段和回路段放电以产生将所述管状部件连接在一起的电磁脉冲。
根据本公开的额外的方面,由于其涉及所述工具,所述工具可包括可分开的第一部分和第二部分,第一部分和第二部分是可通过致动器分离的,并且致动器使第一部分和第二部分在打开位置和闭合位置之间移动。所述工具还可包括芯棒,所述芯棒被插在所述管状部件内部以在电能储存源通过所述供电段和所述回路段放电时支撑所述管状部件。
所述主体可限定入口点,导体通过所述入口点进入所述腔体。所述入口点与所述换向点隔开和/或绝缘以防止所述入口点和所述换向点之间形成电弧。
所述主体可限定端口,导体通过所述入口点进入所述腔体。所述入口点与所述换向点隔开和/或绝缘以防止所述入口点和所述换向点之间形成电弧。
根据本公开的另一个方面,公开一种将内部管状构件和外部管状构件连接在一起的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:将所述管状构件装载到限定凹部的工具中,将盒插入到所述凹部中,并通过导体释放电能以将所述管状构件连接在一起。所述盒包括导体,所述导体具有通过绝缘体分离并部分地围绕所述管状构件延伸到换向点的第一行程和第二行程。所述导体在进入所述盒的进入端口和换向点之间限定周向间隙。来自电能储存源(诸如电容器组)的电能通过所述导体释放以产生将所述管状构件连接在一起的电磁脉冲。
电能储存源通过相反的旋转方向上的供电段和回路段放电以产生将所述管状构件连接在一起的电磁脉冲。所述导体可以是导线或箔片。所述盒可以由聚合材料形成。所述周向间隙足够大以防止所述入口端口和所述换向点之间形成电弧。所述方法还可包括以下步骤:将所述管状构件嵌套在一起使得管状构件的重叠部分设置在所述工具内部。在某种程度上,取决于放电力,所述管状部件可以被焊接在一起或被压铆在一起。
根据本公开的另一个方面,一种将内部管状构件和外部管状构件连接在一起的方法,所述方法包括:将盒插入到所述凹部中,所述盒包括导体,所述导体具有通过绝缘体分离的第一行程和第二行程,其中,所述导体在进入所述盒的进入端口和换向点之间限定周向间隙;将所述管状构件装载到限定用于盒的凹部的工具中;释放储存的电能沿第一周向方向通过第一行程,沿第二周向方向通过第二行程,产生将所述管状构件连接在一起的电磁脉冲。
根据本公开的一个实施例,储存的电能通过在相反的周向方向上的第一行程和第二行程放电以产生将所述管状部件连接在一起的电磁脉冲。
以下参照附图,对本公开的以上方面和其它方面进行更详细地描述。
附图说明
图1是根据本公开的一个实施例的脉冲连接工具的示意性截面图,其中,所述脉冲连接工具包括设置在由脉冲连接工具限定的腔体内的盒组件和管状构件;
图2是沿图1中线2-2截取的示意性截面图;
图2A是盒的可选实施例的局部截面图,其中,所述盒包括设置在脉冲连接工具中的导线导体;
图3是示出通过图1中所示的脉冲连接工具焊接在一起的两个管状构件的截面图;
图4是根据本公开的另一个实施例的脉冲连接工具的可选实施例的示意性截面图,其中,所述脉冲连接工具具有用于连接两个方形管状构件的方形腔体;
图5是根据本公开的连接两个管状构件的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
参照附图公开了示出的实施例。然而,应理解的是公开的实施例的意图仅为示例,示例可以以各种和替代的形式来体现。附图不一定按比例绘制,并且可夸大或极小化一些特征,以显示特定部件的细节。公开的具体结构和功能细节不应被解释为限制,而仅作为用于教导本领域技术人员如何实践所公开构思的代表性基础。
参照图1和图2,示出了脉冲连接工具10,脉冲连接工具10限定腔体12。脉冲连接工具10包括第一工具部分16和第二工具部分18。打开和闭合第一工具部分16和第二工具部分18以容纳外部管状构件20和内部管状构件22。内部管状构件22抵靠芯棒24,在脉冲连接操作期间,芯棒24支撑内部管状构件22。芯棒24是将其收缩以安装在内部管状构件22的内侧的传统的可膨胀的芯棒,芯棒24膨胀以支撑内部管状构件并且收缩以将内部管状构件从芯棒24移除。示意性地示出的致动器26被附着到第二工具部分18用于使第二工具部分18相对于第一工具部分16移动。应理解,可使用两个致动器,或者所述致动器可被附着到第一工具部分16。
由标号30(图2)和30’(图2A)总体上指示的盒被示出为容纳在凹部32中。如下面参照图2和图2A示出和描述的,凹部32由脉冲连接工具10限定在腔体12内。盒30包括导体36,所述导体可以是箔片导体(如图2示出的)或导线导体(如图2A中所示)。导体36包括围绕外部管状构件20周向延伸的供电段38(图2)或38’(图2A)(导体或导线段)和回路行程40(图2)或40’(图2A)(导体或导线段)。供电段38和回路段40在换向点42处相接。流经供电段38的DC电流从入口点44沿第一圆周方向(即,顺时针)流入凹部32中直到到达换向点42。在电流流过换向点42之后,电流以相反的圆周方向(即,逆时针)流动通过回路段40。供电行程38和回路段40通过端口46进入连接工具10。如图1中所示,端口46是被限定在第一工具部分16和第二工具部分18之间。然而,应理解,导体36还可以从工具10的侧面进入腔体12,在这种情况下,将不需要形成穿过工具10的端口。
在入口点44和换向点42之间限定间隙48。间隙48可以是空气间隙或者可以填充有与封装导体36的供电段38和回路段40的绝缘物50类似的绝缘物。间隙48被设置为防止入口点44和换向点42之间形成电弧。导体36几乎完全地包围外管20以提供施加到外管20的相对连续的周向电磁力(EMF)。间隙48对防止入口点44和换向点42之间形成电弧是必要的。可根据需要来扩大间隙48以通过缩短导体36来防止形成电弧。
绝缘物50被设置在导体36的供电段38和回路段40上。绝缘物50可以是能够防止供电段38和回路段40之间形成电弧的聚合材料或其它适合的绝缘体。
端子52设置在工具10上。端子52被设置为允许工具10和储电源54之间的电连接。储电电源54可以是能够储存释放到脉冲连接工具10的电力的电容器组(或电感器组)。
具体参照图2,内部管状构件22包括锥形端部。当外部管状构件20通过EMF被压迫为在锥形端部的最宽部分处开始连接内部管状构件22时,所述锥形端部有助于将外部管状构件20焊接到内部管状构件22。
参照图3,示出的外部管状构件20通过由脉冲连接工具10形成的焊接60而被连接到内部管状构件22。在外部管状构件20和内部管状构件22的重叠部分56之间形成焊缝60。
参照图4,示出了脉冲连接工具70的可选实施例,脉冲连接工具70包括形状为方形的腔体72。第一工具部分74和第二工具部分76被设置在腔体72内。图4的实施例中的工具部分74和76为方形管状构件。应理解,本公开的脉冲连接工具和方法不限于圆形管状构件或方形管状构件,还可应用到矩形管状构件、具有圆形端部和平坦侧面的管状构件以及任何其它常规形状的管状构件。内部管状构件80由芯棒84支撑。盒90被容纳在凹部92内,凹部92被限定在工具70的腔体72内。盒90包括导体96,导体96为导线导体。导体96包括在换向点102和入口点104之间传导电流的供电导线段98和回路导线段100。当放电时,电流沿一个圆周方向流动通过供电段98并沿相反的圆周方向流动通过回路导线段100。在换向点102和入口点104之间限定间隙108,间隙108可以是绝缘的以防止换向点102和入口点104之间形成电弧。绝缘物110被设置在导体96的供电段98和回路段100的周围以防止在供电段98和回路段100之间形成电弧。端子112被设置在工具70上以使工具70连接到储电电源114。储电电源或脉冲发生器114可以是电容器组等。
参照图5,示出了脉冲连接方法,所述方法总体上由标号120指示。在122,所述脉冲连接方法开始于将如前文所述的盒30装载到脉冲连接工具10中。在124,将内部管状构件安装到芯棒上。在126,工具10中的盒30内,将外部管状构件和内部管状构件在盒内组装在一起。在128,通过工具释放储存的电荷以使导体36气化,压迫外部管状构件,并由此将内部管状构件和外部管状构件脉冲连接在一起。将内部管状构件和外部管状构件脉冲连接在一起会导致在内部管状构件和外部管状构件之间形成焊缝或压铆接头。在130,在放电之后,可将工具和可收缩的芯棒从当前连接的管状构件上移除。
虽然上面描述了示例性实施例,但是并不意味着这些实施例描述了本发明的所有可能的形式。更确切地说,说明书中使用的词语为描述性词语而非限制,并且应理解的是,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,可作出各种改变。此外,可组合各个实施的实施例的特征以形成本发明的进一步的实施例。

Claims (6)

1.一种脉冲连接工具,包括:
工具主体,限定用于容纳两个嵌套的管状构件的腔体;
盒,设置在所述腔体中,所述盒包括从入口点周向延伸到换向点的供电导体和回路导体,并利用电绝缘物隔离所述供电导体和所述回路导体;
电能储存源,能够通过所述供电导体和所述回路导体放电以连接所述管状构件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的脉冲连接工具,其中,所述工具主体包括至少两个部分,所述至少两个部分是可分离的以装载和卸载所述管状构件。
3.根据权利要求2所述的脉冲连接工具,还包括芯棒,所述芯棒被插在所述管状构件内部以在所述电能储存源通过所述供电导体和所述回路导体放电时支撑所述管状构件。
4.根据权利要求3所述的脉冲连接工具,其中,所述芯棒在膨胀位置处支撑所述管状构件中的一个,并径向缩回到缩回位置以使所述芯棒从所述管状构件移除。
5.根据权利要求1所述的脉冲连接工具,其中,所述电绝缘物是包围所述供电导体和所述回路导体的塑料套管。
6.根据权利要求1所述的脉冲连接工具,其中,所述工具主体包括第一部分和第二部分,致动器使第一部件和第二部件可分离并且使所述第一部分相对于所述第二部分在打开位置和闭合位置之间移动。
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