CN105708977A - 一种治疗烧伤的中药膏剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗烧伤的中药膏剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗烧伤的中药膏剂,其包括:石蝉草、管仲、散血芹、野山茶、牡荆茎、透明草、粘人花、古山龙、大叶酸藤、元胡、黄芪,本发明还公开了上述中药膏剂的制备方法。采用此种中药膏剂在治疗烧伤方面具有止痛快、疗程短、不遗留疤痕、无不良反应等优点。本发明的中药能促进创面迅速修复,消肿止痛、拔毒生肌,膏剂剂型适合未脱皮者及烧伤后期开始脱痂的疮面,且愈后不留瘢痕疙瘩。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种医用配制品,尤其涉及一种用于治疗烧伤的中药膏剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
烧伤是一种常见的突发性、意外性疾病,随着社会的发展,人民生活的不断提高,各种家用电器都进入到平常百姓家,烧伤,烫伤,化学药品灼伤,电击伤等各种烧伤性疾病与日俱增,所以烧伤已成了临床常见的严重危害人类的外伤型疾病之一,如不及时的使用外用药,可导致局部皮肤肿胀疼痛,腐烂化脓,形成溃疡,淤血凝滞,热毒内陷,损伤阴津,严重的还可导致脏腑阴阳失调,气血紊乱,以致伤残或者危及生命。
当前医学界治疗烧伤轻者包扎,重者多采用手术、植皮、整形来治疗。这种治疗方法治愈时间长,使病人遭受长时间的痛苦和折磨,且没有排除内毒,热毒还存在体内的毛细血管内,甚至有一些包扎的创面因为无法排毒导致伤口加深,愈后大部分会留瘢痕疙瘩及其它后遗症。并且还要付出昂贵的医药费用。现在虽然有很多治疗烧伤的药物,抗菌效果尚好,但仍有使创面加深的副作用,此类缺陷还无法解决。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题,本发明提供一种止痛快、疗程短、不遗留疤痕、无不良反应、能促进创面迅速修复、消肿止痛、拔毒生肌、膏剂剂型适合未脱皮者及烧伤后期开始脱痂的疮面、且愈后不留瘢痕疙瘩的治疗烧伤的中药膏剂及其制备方法。
本发明采用的技术方案是:一种治疗烧伤的中药膏剂,所述中药膏剂的各组份为石蝉草、管仲、散血芹、野山茶、牡荆茎、透明草、粘人花、古山龙、大叶酸藤、元胡、黄芪。
进一步地,各种组份的重量份数比为石蝉草25-35份、管仲15-25份、散血芹15-25份、野山茶10-20份、牡荆茎10-20份、透明草5-15份、粘人花5-15份、古山龙5-15份、大叶酸藤5-15份、元胡5-15份、黄芪5-15份;
进一步地,各种组份的重量份数比为石蝉草30-35份、管仲20-25份、散血芹20-25份、野山茶10-15份、牡荆茎10-15份、透明草5-10份、粘人花5-10份、古山龙5-10份、大叶酸藤5-10份、元胡5-10份、黄芪5-10份;
进一步地,所述中药膏剂含有辅助成分凡士林50-70份。
本发明还公开了上述治疗烧伤的中药膏剂的制备方法,具体步骤包括:
第一步,管仲、散血芹按比例混合,用相当于混合物质量2-3倍的醇浓度为70-80%的正丙醇回流提取2-4次,合并滤液,减压浓缩、干燥并粉碎成粉末,随后用乙醇提纯1-2次,合并提取液,减压回收乙醇并浓缩至60℃下相对密度为1.21-1.24的膏体,干燥并粉碎成粉末;
第二步,将野山茶、牡荆茎、透明草、粘人花用醇浓度为80-90%的正丙醇提取2-3次,合并提取液,减压浓缩并进行干燥、粉碎成粉末,将粉碎后的粉末加入相对于其质量为2-4倍量的水溶解,静止1-3小时,过滤,滤液减压浓缩为60℃下相对密度为1.21-1.24的膏体并干燥,粉碎成粉末;
第三步,将余下组份研成粉末按比例混合,加水煎煮2次,每次2-3小时,分别过滤,合并滤液,滤液浓缩成膏体并干燥,粉碎成粉末,所加入的水的质量为第三步的混合物质量的2-4倍;
第四步,将凡士林加热融化,加入上述粉末混合并搅拌1-3小时、密封放凉处,即成膏剂。
石蝉草,味淡,性凉,清热解毒,消肿散瘀,止痛利水。治跌打损伤,烫烧伤,痈肿疮疖,肾炎水肿,肺结核,哮喘,气管支气管炎,肺热咳嗽。
管仲,味苦涩,性寒,清热消炎,凉血止血。治赤白痢疾,肠炎,胃痛,肺结核咯血,鼻衄,便血,血崩,外伤出血,疔疮。
散血芹,味微苦、辛,性微寒,止血消肿,解毒,主刀伤出血,烧伤,烫伤。
野山茶,味微辛、苦、涩,性平,归肝、脾经,活血止血;收敛止泻;解毒敛疮。主月经不调;月经过多;肠风下血;鼻衄;吐血;急性胃肠炎;痢疾;脱肛;白带;遗精;风湿痹痛;烧伤;烫伤。
透明草,味淡、涩、性凉,清热解毒,治烧、烫伤。
牡荆茎,为马鞭草科织物牡荆的枝条,治感冒、风湿、喉痹、疮肿、牙痛。
粘人花,性温、味淡微辛,无毒,能止血、消炎。
古山龙,味苦,性寒,清热利湿,解毒止痛。用于预防流行性感冒、钩端螺旋体病,治急性胃肠炎,细菌性痢疾,扁桃体炎,支气管炎,疟疾;外用治眼结膜炎,皮肤湿疹,脓疱疮,阴道炎。
大叶酸藤,味酸、涩,性平,祛风利湿,消肿散瘀。治肾炎水肿,肠炎腹泻,跌打瘀肿。
元胡,为罂粟科紫堇属多年生草本植物,与白术、芍药、贝母等并称“浙八味”,为大宗常用中药。元胡史载于《开宝本草》,性温,味辛苦,入心、脾、肝、肺,是活血化瘀、行气止痛之妙品,尤以止痛之功效而著称于世。李时珍在《本草纲目》中归纳元胡有“活血,理气,止痛,通小便”四大功效,并推崇元胡“能行血中气滞,气中血滞,故专治一身上下诸痛”。
黄芪,味甘、性温,归肺、脾经,补气固表,利尿托毒,排脓,敛疮生肌。用于气虚乏力,食少便溏,中气下陷,久泻脱肛,便血崩漏,表虚自汗,气虚水肿,痈疽难溃,久溃不敛,血虚痿黄,内热消渴;慢性肾炎蛋白尿,糖尿病。
本发明的有益效果:
相对于现有技术中的具有治疗烧伤效果的药物,采用此种中药膏剂在治疗烧伤方面具有止痛快、疗程短、不遗留疤痕、无不良反应等优点。本发明的中药能促进创面迅速修复,消肿止痛、拔毒生肌,膏剂剂型适合未脱皮者及烧伤后期开始脱痂的疮面,且愈后不留瘢痕疙瘩。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
(一)一种治疗烧伤、烫伤的中药,由以下原料药按重量份配比而成:
石蝉草30份、管仲25份、散血芹20份、野山茶15份、牡荆茎15份、透明草10份、粘人花10份、古山龙10份、大叶酸藤10份、元胡5份、黄芪5份,凡士林50份。
(二)制备方法:
第一步,管仲、散血芹按比例混合,用相当于混合物质量2倍的醇浓度为70%的正丙醇回流提取2次,合并滤液,减压浓缩、干燥并粉碎成粉末,随后用乙醇提纯1-2次,合并提取液,减压回收乙醇并浓缩至60℃下相对密度为1.21-1.24的膏体,干燥并粉碎成粉末;
第二步,将野山茶、牡荆茎、透明草、粘人花用醇浓度为80-90%的正丙醇提取2-3次,合并提取液,减压浓缩并进行干燥、粉碎成粉末,将粉碎后的粉末加入相对于其质量为2倍量的水溶解,静止1小时,过滤,滤液减压浓缩为60℃下相对密度为1.21-1.24的膏体并干燥,粉碎成粉末;
第三步,将余下组份研成粉末按比例混合,加水煎煮2次,每次2小时,分别过滤,合并滤液,滤液浓缩成膏体并干燥,粉碎成粉末,所加入的水的质量为第三步的混合物质量的2倍;
第四步,将凡士林加热融化,加入上述粉末混合并搅拌1-3小时、密封放凉处,即成膏剂。
实施例2:
1、皮肤安全性试验:
成年健康的白色家兔(体重2kg左右),雌雄各半,给药前24h将背部脊柱两侧去毛(先使用脱毛剂再将未脱净毛剃净)面积约150平方厘米,去毛后24h检查去毛皮肤是否因去毛而受伤,受伤的皮肤不宜做完好皮肤的毒性试验。破损皮肤的制作采用无菌注射器针头将去毛消毒皮肤划破,以渗血为度。试验方法:对照组:空白基质凡士林3ml,试验组:完整皮肤组、实施例1制备的中药膏剂组1,随机分组,每组家兔4只,受试物均匀涂于背部右侧脱毛区,用无刺激性纱布固定,分笼饲养,给受试24h后,用温水去除残留的受试物,去除受试物1h、24h、48h、72h至第七日,每日观察并记录动物的体重、皮肤、毛发、眼和粘膜的变化、呼吸、中枢神经系统、四肢活动或其他中毒表现,经过1h~第8日试验记录,试验组体重、皮肤、毛发、眼和粘膜的变化、呼吸、中枢神经系统、四肢活动均未出现明显阳性变化,与空白对照组无差异,表明本发明制备的中药膏剂均没有毒性反应。
2、皮肤刺激性试验:
成年健康的白色家兔(体重2kg左右),雌雄各半,给药前24h将背部脊柱两侧去毛(先使用脱毛剂再将未脱净毛剃净)面积约150平方厘米。试验采用同体左右侧自身对比,随机分组:(1)完整皮肤:实施例1制备的中药膏剂组1和对照组;(2)破损皮肤:实施例1制备的中药膏剂组1和对照组,每组家兔4只,左侧去毛区涂受试物,右侧脱毛区涂赋形(赋形剂为空白基质凡士林),用无刺激性纱布固定,每只家兔分笼饲料,给受试物24h后,用温水除去残留的受试物,去除受试物1h、24h、48h、72h至第七日,每日观察并记录家兔涂抹部位有无红斑和水肿等情况并记录。在整个试验中,涂覆本发明实施例制备的中药膏剂侧皮肤在1h、24h、48h、72h均无红斑水肿出现,与赋形剂侧相同,认定无刺激;在破损皮肤刺激试验中,涂覆本发明实施例制备的中药组合物粉剂侧皮肤在1h、24h、48h、72h均未见红斑,无水肿,认定无刺激。
实施例3:
本发明的临床治疗观察如下:
(一)患者180例,105例为男性,75例为女性;均为深II度烧伤、烫伤患者。
(二)诊断标准:
诊断标准:参照《中药新药临床研究指导原则》中的诊断依据进行临床诊断:
深度:
Ⅰ度(红斑):轻度红肿热痛,感觉过敏,表皮干燥;
Ⅱ度(水泡):
浅Ⅱ度:剧痛,感觉过敏,皮损,温度增高有水泡,基底潮湿,呈均匀红色,水肿明显;
深Ⅱ度:感觉迟钝,有水泡,基底湿润苍白,有小出血点,水肿明显;
Ⅲ度(焦痂):感觉消失,无弹力,坚硬如皮革样,蜡白、焦黄或炭化,干燥后可见皮下静脉阻塞如树枝状;
面积:以手掌法和中国九分法估算。。
(三)治疗方法:1组:采用如实施例1制备方法制得的中药膏剂50g,分成10份,每天早晨进行一次创面换药,具体操作为每日早晨清洗创面1次、蘸干水份后将中药膏剂涂覆于创面并覆盖消毒干纱布,10天为一个疗程,连续使用两个疗程;另设一对照组。
(四)疗效评定标准:
疗效标准:
整体疗效评定参照《中药新药临床研究指导原则》相关标准:
治愈:创面愈合,全身症状消失;
有效:II度总创面愈合50%以上,或III度总创面愈合30%以上,全身症状消失;
无效:未达有效标准,创面感染未能控制。
(五)治疗结果见表1:
表1治疗结果
组别 | 痊愈 | 有效 | 无效 |
对照组 | 0 | 4 | 86 |
1组 | 88 | 2 | 0 |
上述实施例只是为了说明本发明的技术构思及特点,其目的是在于让本领域内的普通技术人员能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡是根据本发明内容的实质所作出的等效的变化或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种治疗烧伤的中药膏剂,其特征在于,所述中药膏剂的各组份为石蝉草、管仲、散血芹、野山茶、牡荆茎、透明草、粘人花、古山龙、大叶酸藤、元胡、黄芪。。
2.如权利要求1所述的中药膏剂,其特征在于,各种组份的重量份数比为石蝉草25-35份、管仲15-25份、散血芹15-25份、野山茶10-20份、牡荆茎10-20份、透明草5-15份、粘人花5-15份、古山龙5-15份、大叶酸藤5-15份、元胡5-15份、黄芪5-15份。
3.如权利要求1所述的中药膏剂,其特征在于,各种组份的重量份数比为石蝉草30-35份、管仲20-25份、散血芹20-25份、野山茶10-15份、牡荆茎10-15份、透明草5-10份、粘人花5-10份、古山龙5-10份、大叶酸藤5-10份、元胡5-10份、黄芪5-10份。
4.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的中药膏剂,其特征在于,所述中药膏剂含有辅助成分凡士林50-70份。
5.一种如权利要求1-4中任一项所述治疗烧伤的中药膏剂的制备方法,其特征在于,具体步骤包括:
第一步,管仲、散血芹按比例混合,用相当于混合物质量2-3倍的醇浓度为70-80%的正丙醇回流提取2-4次,合并滤液,减压浓缩、干燥并粉碎成粉末,随后用乙醇提纯1-2次,合并提取液,减压回收乙醇并浓缩至60℃下相对密度为1.21-1.24的膏体,干燥并粉碎成粉末;
第二步,将野山茶、牡荆茎、透明草、粘人花用醇浓度为80-90%的正丙醇提取2-3次,合并提取液,减压浓缩并进行干燥、粉碎成粉末,将粉碎后的粉末加入相对于其质量为2-4倍量的水溶解,静止1-3小时,过滤,滤液减压浓缩为60℃下相对密度为1.21-1.24的膏体并干燥,粉碎成粉末;
第三步,将余下组份研成粉末按比例混合,加水煎煮2次,每次2-3小时,分别过滤,合并滤液,滤液浓缩成膏体并干燥,粉碎成粉末,所加入的水的质量为第三步的混合物质量的2-4倍;
第四步,将凡士林加热融化,加入上述粉末混合并搅拌1-3小时、密封放凉处,即成膏剂。
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