CN105706850A - Method for removing floating dust damage to leaf surfaces of pyrus sinkiangensis Yu through high-altitude sprinkling irrigation - Google Patents
Method for removing floating dust damage to leaf surfaces of pyrus sinkiangensis Yu through high-altitude sprinkling irrigation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105706850A CN105706850A CN201610061306.7A CN201610061306A CN105706850A CN 105706850 A CN105706850 A CN 105706850A CN 201610061306 A CN201610061306 A CN 201610061306A CN 105706850 A CN105706850 A CN 105706850A
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- sprinkling irrigation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/02—Cleaning by the force of jets or sprays
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of green production of economic forests, and discloses a method for removing floating dust damage to leaf surfaces of pyrus sinkiangensis Yu through high-altitude sprinkling irrigation.The method includes the steps of designing a sprinkling irrigation system, determining the sprinkling irrigation mode, frequency and time and the like.A manner suitable for local conditions is adopted according to the special climate and geographical environment of the Tarim Basin, defense is set up according to damage, and the method for effectively removing floating dust on leaf surfaces of pyrus sinkiangensis Yu is proposed.By proposing the method, a daily management system for horticultural plants is improved, the problem of floating dust on leaf surfaces of pyrus sinkiangensis Yu is effectively solved, and the defects that much time and labor are consumed in traditional manual cleaning and high cost is caused in mechanical cleaning are overcome.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to economic forest Green Manufacturing Technology field, a kind of method that particularly the floating dust harm of Kuerle delicious pear blade face is removed in high-order sprinkling irrigation.
Background technology
Along with increasingly sharpening of global warming trend, diastrous weather occurrence frequency all increases day by day, and each side such as global ecological environment, human social economy and ecological environment are brought huge negative effect.In recent decades, the Asian Dust event that north of China frequently occurs, the sand-dust storm forecast conceptual model according to the north of China built such as Li Dongliang, it is contemplated that Science in Future in China Sand-Dust Storm in Northern is gradually increased in fluctuation, enter the relative active phase of a new round.Sandstorm becomes an important environmental problem already.
Tarim Basin is located in innerland, Eurasia, and precipitation is rare, and evaporation is strong, and vegetation sparse, landforms are based on desert, and oasis area is only small；Underlying surface central main part is again Takla Makan Desert, and desert area has 33.76 ten thousand km2, a part for Zhong Shuzhong subprovince, 4 sand and dust source regions in the world, so being one of area that in world wide, floating dust weather is concentrated most.Tarim Basin is the area that China's dust and sand weather harm is the most serious, and year, dust and sand weather number of days was more than 150 days.Due to Tarim Basin dust and sand weather frequently and dry ground surface environment, make depositing dust extremely serious, and depositing dust can cause blade surface physics and chemistry injury thus causing that plant assimilating ability declines, Biomass and yield reduce therewith, bring serious economic loss, inquire into the task of top priority that the approach solving this problem has been Development of Agriculture in Arid Areas.
Kuerle delicious pear (PyrussinkiangensisYu) is the improved seeds that a kind of region is stronger, existing cultivation history for many years, all has distribution in southern Xinjiang various places, concentrates the most with Kurle region.Pyrus bretschneideri rehd is of moderate size, aromatic flavor, the thin fragile muscle of skin, fresh and sweet tasty and refreshing, delicate succulence, and vitamin content enriches and storage tolerance, especially unique with fragranced, has found a good sale in the area such as America and Europe, Southeast Asia, becomes local important income source.
Kurle region is located in the NORTHEAST MARGIN of the Takla Makan Desert, and hazards of sand storms is serious.Sand and dust are one of prevailing weather phenomenons of Kurle region, including floating dust, sand and sandstorm etc..Data statistics shows, Kurle region 1971-2005 over 30 years the dust and sand weather of Korla City totally on a declining curve, 2005-2010, the bottom out again of dust and sand weather number of days, number of days occurred close to the average level in age in last century by 2010.Due to Kurle region high temperature and little rainfall, atmospheric drought, lack precipitation drip washing, form dust layer, blocking blades pore at fragrant pear period of duration crown canopy leaf with young sprout.Contamination by dust can reduce the Chlorophyll of blade, increase and the prolongation of illiteracy dirt time along with Ye Biaomeng dust quantity, dust is also more notable to the photosynthesis influence degree of plant leaf blade, show according to fruit tree research data, after covering dust thick for lmm on leaves sheet and continuing l week, the photosynthetic rate of blade reduces about 9O%；If hiding thicker, hindering blade face gas exchange, temperature raises and increases the weight of the degree that blade is endangered, then reduce the transpiration of plant leaf blade；Depositing dust also results in heavy metal element excess accumulation in blade.Therefore, atmospheric falling dust have a strong impact on tree body photosynthetic with breathing etc. physiological process and pollinating process of blooming, reduce the assimilative capacicy of plant, the growth of Kuerle delicious pear endangered bigger with the fruit quality produced.
The related works such as the production safety of Kuerle delicious pear, stable high yield and mitigation are had important practical significance by the method therefore studying a kind of effective removing blade face floating dust.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method that the floating dust harm of Kuerle delicious pear blade face is removed in high-order sprinkling irrigation, overcoming that the inefficiency existed in prior art, poor real, labor intensity are big, damage tree body, washout rate are low, user of service is required height and use, shortcoming that maintenance cost is high.
For realizing above-mentioned technical purpose, reach above-mentioned technique effect, the invention discloses a kind of method that the floating dust harm of Kuerle delicious pear blade face is removed in high-order sprinkling irrigation, comprise the steps that
(1) high-order sprinkling irrigation water outlet standpipe position is determined: first determine the installation site of sprinkling irrigation water outlet standpipe, installs sprinkling irrigation water outlet standpipe in fragrant pear plantation row；
(2) high-order sprinkling irrigation water outlet standpipe height is determined: sprinkling irrigation water outlet standpipe shower nozzle should be higher than that storey, shower nozzle setting height(from bottom) are 40-50cm place above storey；
(3) spray irrigation system design: sprinkling irrigation aqueduct adopts underground buried tube water delivery, and supervisor's caliber is >=180mm, branch diameter >=90mm；
(4) sprinkling irrigation mode: adopting the mode sprayed in turn to carry out, each irrigation area is the 1/5-1/3 in plantation；
(5) sprinkling irrigation frequency: sprinkling irrigation frequency is spray weekly the 5-6 month 3 days, and the 7-8 month sprays weekly 2 days；More than 6 grades after strong wind weather, can increasing sprinkling irrigation number of times, total degree was less than weekly 5 days；
(6) sprinkling irrigation the time: when temperature is not higher than 40 DEG C, the sprinkling irrigation time is 9:00 point-11:00 point in morning, night 8:00-10:00 point；When temperature higher than 35 DEG C time, the sprinkling irrigation time is 8:00 point-10:00 point in morning, night 9:00-11:00 point；Single is sprayed 30 minutes, more than 6 grades after strong wind weather, can increase sprinkling irrigation duration, and the single sprinkling irrigation time was less than 45 minutes.
Preferably, sprinkling irrigation uses water quality to be brackish water or fresh water, water-mineralizing degree≤2.0g/L.
Preferably, sprinkling irrigation water outlet standpipe is the caliber pvc pipe be more than or equal to 24mm in step (1), and every goes out standpipe side to install the solid iron that diameter is 36mm fixed thereto together.
The method have the advantages that
1. the present invention is according to the special climate of Tarim Basin and geographical environment, treatment in accordance with local conditions, because evil is set up defences, the method proposing a kind of effective removing Kuerle delicious pear blade face floating dust, the daily management system of gardening plant that the proposition of the method is not only perfect, and effectively solve the problem of Kuerle delicious pear blade face floating dust, what overcome that Traditional Man cleans takes time and effort, the expensive Cost Problems of mechanical cleaning.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The tree body amount of laying the dust is affected result figure by the difference sprinkling irrigation duration that Fig. 1 is in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 2 is the Changing Pattern result figure with light intensity of the difference sprinkling irrigation time Photosynthetic Characteristics in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.
The invention discloses a kind of method that the floating dust harm of Kuerle delicious pear blade face is removed in high-order sprinkling irrigation, comprise the steps that
(1) high-order sprinkling irrigation water outlet standpipe position is determined: first determine the installation site of sprinkling irrigation water outlet standpipe, in fragrant pear plantation row, sprinkling irrigation water outlet standpipe is installed, wherein sprinkling irrigation water outlet standpipe is the caliber pvc pipe be more than or equal to 24mm, and every goes out standpipe side to install the solid iron that diameter is 36mm fixed thereto together, sprinkling irrigation uses water quality to be brackish water or fresh water, water-mineralizing degree≤2.0g/L；
(2) high-order sprinkling irrigation water outlet standpipe height is determined: sprinkling irrigation water outlet standpipe shower nozzle should be higher than that storey, shower nozzle setting height(from bottom) are 40-50cm place above storey；
(3) spray irrigation system design: sprinkling irrigation aqueduct adopts underground buried tube water delivery, and supervisor's caliber is >=180mm, branch diameter >=90mm；
(4) sprinkling irrigation mode: adopting the mode sprayed in turn to carry out, each irrigation area is the 1/5-1/3 in plantation；
(5) sprinkling irrigation frequency: sprinkling irrigation frequency is spray weekly the 5-6 month 3 days, and the 7-8 month sprays weekly 2 days；More than 6 grades after strong wind weather, can increasing sprinkling irrigation number of times, total degree was less than weekly 5 days；
(6) sprinkling irrigation the time: when temperature is not higher than 40 DEG C, the sprinkling irrigation time is 9:00 point-11:00 point in morning, night 8:00-10:00 point；When temperature higher than 35 DEG C time, the sprinkling irrigation time is 8:00 point-10:00 point in morning, night 9:00-11:00 point；Single is sprayed 30 minutes, more than 6 grades after strong wind weather, can increase sprinkling irrigation duration, and the single sprinkling irrigation time was less than 45 minutes.
Embodiment 2
Experimental technique and purpose: in order to prove effectiveness and the feasibility of this method, the present embodiment carries out laboratory observation with the method described in embodiment 1, experimental subject is test garden, township of Bazhou Areas Korla City Awat County, experiment area 105 mu, wherein fragrant pear gardens are neat mutually, and the age of tree is 9 years, seeding row spacing 2.5 meters × 6.0 meters, tree vigo(u)r is healthy and strong, and tree-shaped evacuates layering shape.Orchard soil quality is gritty soil or fine sand calculous soil, and water-retaining property is poor, and basic topography is poor.Irrigation water quality is 1.16g/L, belongs to brackish water.It is provided with test garden group and comparison garden (ck) group, comparison garden is the Routine Management garden not using sprinkling irrigation, have studied the tree body different directions blade amount of giving a dinner of welcome, different sprinkling irrigation duration to the tree body amount of laying the dust impact, different sprinkling irrigation time Photosynthetic Characteristics with the Changing Pattern of light intensity and fruit quality analysis.
Experimental result:
Table 1 tree body different directions is given a dinner of welcome scale unit: g/cm2
| Orientation | Before sprinkling irrigation | After sprinkling irrigation | The amount of giving a dinner of welcome |
| East | 0.0008 | 0.00046 | 0.00058 |
| South | 0.000724 | 0.000358 | 0.000583 |
| West | 0.000621 | 0.00036 | 0.000447 |
| North | 0.000515 | 0.000364 | 0.000365 |
| In | 0.000545 | 0.000349 | 0.000402 |
Table 2 fruit quality analytical table
As shown in table 1, tree body is after a high position sprays drip washing, and blade amount of dust substantially reduces.After vanes drip washing, on average the rate of giving a dinner of welcome reaches 73.97%；The tree body different directions amount of giving a dinner of welcome difference to some extent, tree body east side and the southern side amount of giving a dinner of welcome are closer to and the highest, respectively 0.000580g/cm2And 0.000583g/cm2, tree body west side, north side and the middle part amount of giving a dinner of welcome are closer to, respectively 0.000447g/cm2、0.000365g/cm2And 0.000402g/cm2.Sprinkling irrigation is sprayed relatively uniform in different directions.
As it is shown in figure 1, along with the prolongation of sprinkling irrigation time, the amount of laying the dust on blade significantly reduces.The blade amount of laying the dust difference between sprinkling irrigation 15 minutes and CK group process is not notable, spray 30 minutes and 45 minutes and process significant difference with CK, and difference between 30 minutes and 45 minutes of spraying is not notable, in line with dedusting for the main principle taking into account water saving, selecting sprinkling irrigation 30 minutes is best sprinkling irrigation duration.
As in figure 2 it is shown, test garden plant photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO2Concentration is significantly higher than comparison garden, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance and is substantially less than comparison garden, can be effectively improved leaves of bergamot pear photosynthesis, promote plant growing after sprinkling irrigation drip washing is described.Spray on duration in difference, spray 30 minutes and the sprinkling irrigation plant leaf blade photosynthetic rate of 45 minutes, intercellular CO2Concentration and transpiration rate difference are not notable, and the trend increased occurred at 45 minutes in stomatal conductance.Therefore, in line with dedusting for the main principle taking into account water saving, selecting sprinkling irrigation 30 minutes is best sprinkling irrigation duration.
As shown in table 2, test garden per mu yield relatively compares garden volume increase 8%, and more than one-level fruit rate improves 11%；In fragrant pear fruit, titratable acid reduces by 39.60%, and soluble sugar increases by 19.40%, and Vc content increases by 24.49%, and ferrum increases by 35.49%, and zinc increases by 3.95%, and potassium increases by 9.88%, and calcium increases by 11.34%, and magnesium increases by 3.26%.
The above; being only the present invention preferably detailed description of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any those familiar with the art is in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can readily occur in or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the method that the floating dust harm of Kuerle delicious pear blade face is removed in a high-order sprinkling irrigation, it is characterised in that comprise the steps that
(1) high-order sprinkling irrigation water outlet standpipe position is determined: first determine the installation site of sprinkling irrigation water outlet standpipe, installs sprinkling irrigation water outlet standpipe in fragrant pear plantation row；
(2) high-order sprinkling irrigation water outlet standpipe height is determined: sprinkling irrigation water outlet standpipe shower nozzle should be higher than that storey, shower nozzle setting height(from bottom) are 40-50cm place above storey；
(3) spray irrigation system design: sprinkling irrigation aqueduct adopts underground buried tube water delivery, and supervisor's caliber is >=180mm, branch diameter >=90mm；
(4) sprinkling irrigation mode: adopting the mode sprayed in turn to carry out, each irrigation area is the 1/5-1/3 in plantation；
(5) sprinkling irrigation frequency: sprinkling irrigation frequency is spray weekly the 5-6 month 3 days, and the 7-8 month sprays weekly 2 days；More than 6 grades after strong wind weather, can increasing sprinkling irrigation number of times, total degree was less than weekly 5 days；
(6) sprinkling irrigation the time: when temperature is not higher than 35 DEG C, the sprinkling irrigation time is 9:00 point-11:00 point in morning, night 8:00-10:00 point；When temperature higher than 35 DEG C time, the sprinkling irrigation time is 8:00 point-10:00 point in morning, night 9:00-11:00 point；Single is sprayed 30 minutes, more than 6 grades after strong wind weather, can increase sprinkling irrigation duration, and the single sprinkling irrigation time was less than 45 minutes.
2. the method that the floating dust harm of Kuerle delicious pear blade face is removed in a kind of high-order sprinkling irrigation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described sprinkling irrigation uses water quality to be brackish water or fresh water, water-mineralizing degree≤2.0g/L.
3. the method that the floating dust harm of Kuerle delicious pear blade face is removed in a kind of high-order sprinkling irrigation as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: sprinkling irrigation water outlet standpipe is the caliber pvc pipe be more than or equal to 24mm in described step (1), and every goes out standpipe side to install the solid iron that diameter is 36mm fixed thereto together.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108997973A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2018-12-14 | 陕西杨凌陕特农业发展有限公司 | A kind of dust-proofing agent and preparation method thereof for plant leaf surface |
| CN110679379A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-14 | 凤台绿萌蔬菜种植专业合作社 | Greenhouse planting method for grapes |
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| CN108997973A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2018-12-14 | 陕西杨凌陕特农业发展有限公司 | A kind of dust-proofing agent and preparation method thereof for plant leaf surface |
| CN110679379A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-14 | 凤台绿萌蔬菜种植专业合作社 | Greenhouse planting method for grapes |
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Application publication date: 20160629 |