CN105701354A - Evaluation method for population updating potentiality of interfered rhizome-type clone plants - Google Patents

Evaluation method for population updating potentiality of interfered rhizome-type clone plants Download PDF

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CN105701354A
CN105701354A CN201610049634.5A CN201610049634A CN105701354A CN 105701354 A CN105701354 A CN 105701354A CN 201610049634 A CN201610049634 A CN 201610049634A CN 105701354 A CN105701354 A CN 105701354A
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rhizome
bud
sample
plant
sprout
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CN105701354B (en
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陈心胜
谢永宏
邓正苗
李峰
侯志勇
李旭
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Institute of Subtropical Agriculture of CAS
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    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
    • A01H4/005—Methods for micropropagation; Vegetative plant propagation using cell or tissue culture techniques
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    • G—PHYSICS
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Abstract

The invention discloses an evaluation method for the population updating potentiality of interfered rhizome-type clone plants. The evaluation method includes the steps of A, sample area selecting, wherein a field sample area with three concentrated-distribution species of plants is selected; B, field sampling, wherein field sampling is carried out each year, and the field sampling is carried out in the dormant period, the period after spring sprouting, the vigorous growth period and the growing-season last period of species of plants respectively; C, bud counting, wherein soil carried by the samples is washed away with tap water, and rhizomes are put into an anatomical lens for bud identification; D, density counting, wherein the density of rhizome buds is the average quantity of the rhizome buds in each square meter; E, germination experimenting, wherein after field sampling is over, a germination experiment of active axillary buds is carried out, and rhizome sections with the active axillary buds are sheared with a branch shear; F, quantization evaluating, wherein population updating is evaluated after rhizome-type clone plants are interfered in the ith growing season. The updating potentiality of the clone plants is evaluated according to the density and the germination capacity of the underground rhizome buds, operation is easy and convenient, the accuracy is high, and the evaluation method is suitable for most rhizome-type clone plants.

Description

A kind of rhizome type clone plant appraisal procedure of population recruitment potentiality after interference
Technical field
The invention belongs to Biodiversity Conservation field; more specifically it is designed into a kind of rhizome type clone plant appraisal procedure of population recruitment potentiality after interference; it is suitable in the wetland plant utilization of resources, muskeg protection and management; can can assessment rhizome type clone plant be updated ground population by the sprouting of subterraneous root stem eye after being interfered, be judge to disturb convenient, the effective ways accurately that cause that muskeg degenerates。
Background technology
Rhizome refers to the subterraneous stem of variation, has significantly joint and internode, joint has the scaly leaf of degeneration, and top has terminal bud, side to have axillalry bud, and downward Chang Sheng has adventitious root。At the dominant ecosystem of the herbaceos perennial such as meadow, Marsh Wetland, rhizome type clone plant is the important component part of vegetation。Although rhizome type clone plant blossoms and bears fruit, produce substantial amounts of seed, but seedling is very little to the contribution of population recruitment。Rhizome type clone plant relies primarily on the bud on rhizome and carries out asexual propagation to continue population。Being subject to burning, sand buries, the severe jamming such as cradle after, cause plant part or lose completely on the ground, but population addedly gone up in the regeneration that rhizome type clone plant can rely on subterraneous root stem eye。The density of different types of clone plant subterraneous root stem eye is different, and as being distributed in four kinds of dominant plants of conversation in Dongting Lake area (Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f, sedge, grass and Herba polygoni hydropiperis), the density of the rhizome bud of grass is maximum, and the density of the rhizome bud of Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f is minimum。Therefore, the ability that different plant species updates population on the ground by subterraneous root stem eye after being interfered is different。Additionally, the density of subterraneous root stem eye exists obvious seasonal variations, the density being typically in rest period subterraneous root stem eye is maximum, and after green sprouting, the density of rhizome bud declines, and hereafter density is gradually increasing again。Therefore, the quantity that rhizome type clone plant can be used for addedly going up the rhizome bud of population in various seasons is different, and the season that interference is occurred is more sensitive。Furthermore, at the period of duration that plant is different, owing to being affected by the nutrition of storage, hormonal readiness etc. in rhizome, the sprouting ability of rhizome bud there is also difference。Aggravation along with whole world change and mankind's activity, muskeg experienced interference frequency increases, degree aggravation, rhizome type clone plant is as the main component of vegetation, and can realize quickly updating of population on the ground after being interfered be judge the major criterion whether muskeg degenerates。Therefore, invent a kind of assess rhizome type clone plant population recruitment potentiality after interference convenient, method is extremely important to the wetland plant utilization of resources, muskeg protection and management etc. accurately。
Through Chinese patent net and correlative theses retrieved web, it has been found that have some at present about clone plant report of population recruitment potentiality after interference。Zhao Aifen etc. mention Artemisia frigida Willd. at " the resistance to of sand ground frigida Population herds study mechanism preliminary study " [Deserts in China, 19 (Supp.1): 65-68] can pass through the adventitious bud sprouting new plant of formation after plant above ground portion is wiped out。Wait before Radix Pruni Salicinae and mention Chinese sea buckthorn woods " growth of the sprout tillers of Mao Suwu sand ground Chinese sea buckthorn trunk cutting and regeneration capacity " [Fructus Hippophae, 2007,20:(4) 10-12] quantity of population can be recovered rapidly after stump。Yang Limins etc. are at " Herba Epimedii (EpinediumkoreanumNakai) different niches stock biomass and Renewal potential " [Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2007,27 (6) 2251-2258] mention Herba Epimedii and mainly maintain population recruitment with the asexual propagation such as rhizome and increase。The rhizome axillary bud sprouting rate that Chen Xinsheng etc. mention Nan Di (Triarrhenalutarioriparia) in " the simple bud rhizome section quick propagation method of a kind of south Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f " (patent No. CN201410173454.9.) is higher。Chen etc. mention clone plant Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f at " AssessmentofregenerationpotentialintheclonalmacrophyteMi scanthussacchariflorus (Poaceae) afterburialdisturbancebasedonbudbanksizeandsproutingcapa city " [PLoSONE10 (3): e012846] can addedly go up population by the sprouting of rhizome bud after sand buries interference。But, the updating ability of ground population has only been reported by these researchs by single species after being interfered, and does not propose a kind of universality method assessing population recruitment potentiality。Deng at " Budbanksandtheirroleinvegetativeregeneration-Aliterature reviewandproposalforsimpleclassificationandassessment " [PerspectivesinPlantEcololgy, EvolutionandSystematics8:115-129] it is proposed by counting the quantity saved on rhizome to assess species Renewal potential after interference, but the bud major part on rhizome joint is resting bud, and the sprouting potentiality that different types of bud is after interference are different, therefore assessment result is not accurate enough, it is difficult to apply in practice。Therefore, set up a kind of assess rhizome type clone plant population recruitment potentiality after interference simplicity, accurately, the method for the suitability just seem particularly urgent。
Summary of the invention
For technological difficulties such as the assessment of population recruitment potentiality after being interfered of current clone plant are inaccurate; it is an object of the invention to there are provided a kind of rhizome type clone plant appraisal procedure of population recruitment potentiality after interference, it is adaptable to rhizome type clone plant repopulating capacity after being interfered is assessed in the wetland plant utilization of resources, muskeg protection and management and judges whether interference can cause muskeg degeneration etc.。The Renewal potential of clone plant is estimated by the density and the sprouting ability that adopt subterraneous root stem eye, easy and simple to handle, and accuracy is high, it is adaptable to most rhizome type clone plants。
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts techniques below measure:
A kind of rhizome type clone plant appraisal procedure of population recruitment potentiality after interference, the steps include:
A, sample ground selects；Selecting the sample ground, field of three these kind of plant integrated distribution, the distance between sample ground is more than 1000-1500 rice。Sample ground implants growing way is consistent, without pest and disease damage, take food without animal。At each arrangement of sample plot three, four or five sample points。Sample point avoid as far as possible this species distribution edge and with the mixed green tape of other species, the distance between sample point is more than 50-80 rice。Arranging a fixing sample prescription at each sample point, sample area is 2m × 2m。Four angle timbers of sample prescription are fixed, and arrange obvious label, and record accurate coordinates point position with GPS, and convenient next time searches。The quantity of fixing sample prescription is nine, 12 or 15。
B, field sampling；Carry out four field samplings every year, respectively after the rest period of this kind of plant, rudiment in spring, growth animated period and Growing season latter stage。During every sub-sampling, 25cm × 25cm sampling frame is placed in fixing sample prescription, the stem stalk quantity of this kind of plant in counting sampling frame。If the plant of species is taller and bigger, as south Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f, then use 50cm × 50cm sampling frame, to reduce error of sampling。After being gathered in by aerial parts in sampling frame, soil layer 0-15cm in sampling frame being comprised foot end (root, rhizome) with instruments such as spades takes out, and is placed on sampling bag, takes back laboratory。The subquadrat quantity every time taken is nine, 12 or 15。
C, sprout counting；With tap water, the earth of sample belt is rinsed well。Keep the integrity of rhizome and sprout during flushing as far as possible, pay special attention to not washed away with water by sprout。After rinsing well, the water being with by sample drains。If the sprout of species (such as south Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f) is bigger, it is possible to directly with the naked eye recognize the active bud on rhizome, and count with enumerator；If the active bud small volume of species, rhizome can be placed under anatomical lens and carry out sprout identification and count。
Described active bud refers to that separate living tissue has been grown and formed the bud of obvious stem tissue。
D, Statistics of Density: the density of rhizome bud be every square metre in the par of rhizome bud of this kind of plant, namely in 25cm × 25cm subquadrat, the par of rhizome bud is multiplied by 16, is designated as B。Stem stalk density be every square metre in the par of aerial stem of plant stalk of this kind of plant, namely in 25cm × 25cm subquadrat, the par of stem stalk is multiplied by 16, is designated as S。
E, sprouting experiment；Each field sampling carries out the sprouting experiment of movable axillalry bud after terminating。Being cut by rhizome section secateurs with activity axillalry bud, 1-2cm is respectively stayed in the front and back of bud。Take 100 band bud rhizome sections altogether, be divided into 5 groups, often group 20, carry out sprouting experiment in greenhouse。To be laid on the culture matrix that thickness is 10cm with bud rhizome section, sprout covers 0.5cm thickness culture matrix。Temperature control in greenhouse, at 20-25 degree, waters 1 water every day, irrigation amount with keep culture matrix moistening and not hydrops be advisable。Rudiment grows ground 1cm and is designated as sprouting, within continuous 7 days, not having sprout to sprout, sprouts experiment and terminates, the germination rate that statistics is often organized。Germination rate be sprout bud number divided by total bud number, be designated as θ。
Described movable axillalry bud refers to be positioned at rhizome sidepiece, and separate living tissue has been grown and formed the bud of obvious stem tissue。
Described culture matrix refers to the solid dielectric formed with peat soil (common) and fine sand (common) 1:1 mix homogeneously by volume, it is provided that plant machinery is supported and provisioning。
F, quantitative evaluation；Rhizome type clone plant population recruitment potentiality after i-th Growing season is interfered are designated as Yi。
Yi=Bi×θi/Si
In formula, BiFor the rhizome bud density of i-th Growing season, unit is bud number/m2；θiGermination rate for the movable axillalry bud of i-th Growing season；SiAerial stem of plant stalk density for i-th Growing season；Unit is strain number/m2。If Yi> 1, represent that these species can be sprouted by subterraneous root stem eye after i-th Growing season is interfered and ground population is updated；If Yi≤ 1, represent that these species are difficult to sprout, by subterraneous root stem eye, the renewal realized ground population after i-th Growing season is interfered。
The present invention establishes a simplicity, accurately assessment rhizome type clone plant method of population recruitment potentiality after interference, and compared with prior art it provides the benefit that:
(1) scope of application is wider: most of wetland perennial plants are rhizome type clone plants, being cradled, after the severe jamming such as baked wheaten cake, relies primarily on the germinating of rhizome bud and carries out population recruitment。Therefore, the present invention can be used for assessing most wetland perennial plant population recruitment potentiality after interference。
(2) easy and simple to handle: only at the density survey carrying out rhizome bud the primary growth season of clone plant, and need to doing simple indoor sprouting experiment, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that and repeat to realize。
(3) assessment result is reliable: the present invention has caught the core of clone plant population recruitment: " amount " (quantity of rhizome bud) of brood body and " matter " (the sprouting ability of rhizome bud), and combines seasonal variations。Therefore, it can assessment clone plant population recruitment potentiality after interference accurately。
(4) utilize the method that the present invention sets up that four kinds of advantages rhizome type clone plant (Nan Di, sedge, grass and Herba polygoni hydropiperis) of conversation in Dongting Lake area have been assessed。The population recruitment potentiality of result display south Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f, grass and Herba polygoni hydropiperis are more than 1, it was shown that these three plant can be sprouted by subterraneous root stem eye and after interference, ground population is updated；The population recruitment potentiality of sedge are less than 1, it was shown that sedge is after heavily disturbed, it is difficult to by the sprouting of subterraneous root stem eye, ground population is updated completely。Assessment result is basically identical with the experimentation in document and field investigation。
Detailed description of the invention
The inventive method is described in further detail by applicant by the example in conjunction with rhizome type clone plant Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f (Miscanthussacchariflorus) below; purpose is in that to make those skilled in the art that the inventive method to have more detailed understanding and cognition, and following example should not be understood to the present invention is claimed the restriction of scope in any degree。
Embodiment 1:
A kind of rhizome type clone plant appraisal procedure of population recruitment potentiality after interference, the steps include:
(1) sample ground selects；Select three places of conversation in Dongting Lake area Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f large area distribution, continent, north (29 ° 10 ' 31.4 " N; 112 ° 47 ' 55.9 " E), tea tray continent (28 ° 54 ' 11.8 " N; 112 ° 48 ' 34.6 " E) and He Tuanzhou (29 ° 20 ' 20.8 " N, 112 ° 51 ' 05.4 " E) as sample ground。In each place, the Intermediate Gray in Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f distribution selects five sample points。Arranging a fixing sample prescription at each sample point, sample area is 2m × 2m。Four angle timbers of sample prescription are fixed。A bamboo pole is established on side, the above be Red Ribbon as label, and record accurate coordinates point position with GPS, search during convenient lower sub-sampling。15 fixing sample prescriptions are set altogether。
(2) field sampling；In November, 2010 (after flood terminates, also be the growth latter stage of Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f), (the coldest month in January, rest period), March (after rudiment in spring) and May (flood arrive before, the vigorous period of Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f) carried out four sub-samplings。During every sub-sampling, 50cm × 50cm sampling frame is placed in fixing sample prescription, the stem stalk quantity of Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f in counting sampling frame。By in sampling frame aerial parts gather in after, with the instruments such as spade by sampling frame 03 or 57 or 11 13 or 15cm comprise foot end soil layer take out, be placed on sampling bag, take back laboratory。The subquadrat quantity every time taken is 15。
(3) sprout counting；With tap water, the earth of sample belt is rinsed well, and keep the integrity of rhizome and sprout as far as possible。After rinsing well, the water being with by sample drains。The active bud volume of Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f is bigger, it is possible to directly with the naked eye recognizes, counts with enumerator。
(4) Statistics of Density；Rhizome bud density be every square metre in the par of rhizome bud of Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f, namely in each 50cm × 50cm subquadrat, the par of rhizome bud is multiplied by 4, is designated as B。Stem stalk density be every square metre in the par of aerial stem of plant stalk of Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f, namely in each 50cm × 50cm subquadrat, the par of stem stalk is multiplied by 4, is designated as S。The underground rhizome bud density of different Growing season Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook fs and aerial stem of plant stalk density are in Table 1。
(5) experiment is sprouted；Each field sampling carries out the sprouting experiment of movable axillalry bud after terminating。Being cut by movable axillalry bud secateurs on rhizome, 1 or 2cm are respectively stayed in the front and back of bud。Take 100 band bud rhizome sections altogether, be divided into 5 groups, often group 20, carry out sprouting experiment in greenhouse。Band bud rhizome section is laid on culture matrix (with peat soil and fine sand 1:1 Homogeneous phase mixing by volume, thickness 10cm), sprout covers 0.5cm thickness culture matrix。Temperature control in greenhouse is at 20 or 22 or 24 or 25 degree, and every day waters, and keeps substrate to moisten。Rudiment grows ground 1cm and is designated as sprouting, within continuous 7 days, not having sprout to sprout, sprouts experiment and terminates, the germination rate that statistics is often organized。Germination rate be sprout bud number divided by total bud number, be designated as θ。The germination rate of the rhizome bud of various seasons Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f is in Table 1。
(6) quantitative evaluation；Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f population revegetation potentiality after (rest period) is interfered in January is designated as Y1,
Y1=B1×θ1/S1
B1It is the rhizome bud density of the 1st Growing season, is 333 buds/m2；θ1It is the germination rate of the movable axillalry bud of the 1st Growing season, is 0.8；S1It is the aerial stem of plant stalk density of the 1st Growing season, is 53 strains/m2。Substitute into formula and draw Y1It is 5.0, represents that Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f can alternatively go up population by the sprouting of subterraneous root stem eye after rest period aerial parts is interfered。By that analogy, Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f at the Renewal potential of various seasons in Table 1。Visible, Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f all can pass through subterraneous root stem eye four seasons of growth and after being interfered, ground population is updated, but relatively strong with January (rest period) updating ability, and May (growth animated period) updating ability is more weak。
The rhizome bud density of table 1. conversation in Dongting Lake area various seasons Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f, stem stalk density, germination rate and Renewal potential

Claims (1)

1. rhizome type clone plant appraisal procedure of population recruitment potentiality after interference, the steps include:
(1) sample ground selects；Select the sample ground, field of three kind of plant integrated distribution, distance between sample ground is at 1000-1500 rice, at each arrangement of sample plot three, four or five sample points, sample point avoids the edge of species distribution and the mixed green tape of other species, distance between sample point is at 50-80 rice, at each sample point, one fixing sample prescription is set, sample area is 2m × 2m, four angle timbers of sample prescription are fixed, obvious label is set, and recording accurate coordinates point position with GPS, the quantity of fixing sample prescription is nine, 12 or 15；
(2) field sampling；Carry out four field samplings every year, respectively after the rest period of kind of plant, rudiment in spring, growth animated period and Growing season latter stage, during every sub-sampling, 25cm × 25cm sampling frame is placed in fixing sample prescription, the stem stalk quantity of this kind of plant in counting sampling frame, after being gathered in by aerial parts in sampling frame, soil layer 0-15cm in sampling frame being comprised foot end with spade instrument takes out, and is placed on sampling bag, taking back laboratory, the subquadrat quantity every time taken is nine, 12 or 15；
(3) sprout counting；With tap water, the earth of sample belt is rinsed well, keep the integrity of rhizome and sprout during flushing, sprout is not washed away with water, after rinsing well, the water being with by sample drains, and the sprout of species is bigger, directly with the naked eye recognize the active bud on rhizome, and count with enumerator；The active bud small volume of species, is placed on rhizome under anatomical lens and carries out sprout identification and count；
Described active bud refers to that separate living tissue has been grown and formed the bud of obvious stem tissue；
(4) Statistics of Density: the density of rhizome bud be every square metre in the par of rhizome bud of this kind of plant, in 25cm × 25cm subquadrat, the par of rhizome bud is multiplied by 16, it is designated as B, stem stalk density be every square metre in the par of aerial stem of plant stalk of this kind of plant, in 25cm × 25cm subquadrat, the par of stem stalk is multiplied by 16, is designated as S；
(5) experiment is sprouted；Each field sampling carries out the sprouting experiment of movable axillalry bud after terminating, rhizome section secateurs with activity axillalry bud is cut, 1-2cm is respectively stayed in the front and back of bud, take 100 band bud rhizome sections altogether, it is divided into 5 groups, often group 20, carry out sprouting experiment in greenhouse, to be laid on the culture matrix that thickness is 10cm with bud rhizome section, sprout covers 0.5cm thickness culture matrix, temperature control in greenhouse is at 20-25 degree, water 1 water every day, rudiment grows ground 1cm and is designated as sprouting, to within continuous 7 days, not having sprout to sprout, sprouting experiment terminates, the germination rate that statistics is often organized, germination rate is that the bud number sprouted is divided by total bud number, it is designated as θ；
Described movable axillalry bud refers to be positioned at rhizome sidepiece, and separate living tissue has been grown and formed the bud of obvious stem tissue；
Described culture matrix refers to the solid dielectric formed with peat soil and fine sand 1:1 mix homogeneously by volume；
(6) quantitative evaluation；Rhizome type clone plant population recruitment potentiality after i-th Growing season is interfered are designated as Yi；
Yi=Bi×θi/Si
In formula, BiFor the rhizome bud density of i-th Growing season, unit is bud number/m2；θiGermination rate for the movable axillalry bud of i-th Growing season；SiAerial stem of plant stalk density for i-th Growing season；Unit is strain number/m2, Yi> 1, represent that these species can be sprouted by subterraneous root stem eye after i-th Growing season is interfered and ground population is updated；Yi≤ 1, represent that these species are difficult to sprout, by subterraneous root stem eye, the renewal realized ground population after i-th Growing season is interfered。
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