CN105694998A - Low-condensation-point biological fuel for vehicles - Google Patents

Low-condensation-point biological fuel for vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105694998A
CN105694998A CN201610252346.XA CN201610252346A CN105694998A CN 105694998 A CN105694998 A CN 105694998A CN 201610252346 A CN201610252346 A CN 201610252346A CN 105694998 A CN105694998 A CN 105694998A
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Prior art keywords
fuel
point
condensation
additive
biofuel
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CN201610252346.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
蒙呈星
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Guangxi Tonki Energy Technology Co Ltd
Meng Chengxing
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Guangxi Fengtai Energy Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610252346.XA priority Critical patent/CN105694998A/en
Publication of CN105694998A publication Critical patent/CN105694998A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/12—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving the cetane number
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/14—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving low temperature properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
    • C10L1/1608—Well defined compounds, e.g. hexane, benzene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
    • C10L1/1822—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10L1/1824—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms mono-hydroxy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
    • C10L1/1881—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2270/00—Specifically adapted fuels
    • C10L2270/02—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2300/00—Mixture of two or more additives covered by the same group of C10L1/00 - C10L1/308
    • C10L2300/20—Mixture of two components

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-condensation-point biological fuel for vehicles. The fuel is prepared from, by weight, 10-35% of high-carbon alcohol, 20-70% of epoxy fatty acid methyl ester, 15-65% of trimethylbenzene and 1-3% of an addition agent, wherein octyl alcohol and/or 2-octanol serve or serves as high-carbon alcohol; the addition agent is formed by mixing oleic acid and methyl parahydroxybenzoate. According to the fuel, special raw materials are matched, especially, after the addition agent of the specific ratio is added, the problem that because the epoxy fatty acid methyl ester is added, the condensation point (which is only about 10 DEG C) of the obtained fuel is high is effectively solved, the condensation point of the obtained fuel is lower than -35 DEG C, the flashing point of the fuel is kept at 60 DEG C or above, the cetane number is 65 or above, lubricating performance is smaller than 200 (correction wear scar diameter 60 DEG C/micron), and the fuel can meet the fuel using requirement in cold regions in the North; the fuel is simple in formula, and a preparation method is simple.

Description

Low-condensation-point automotive biofuel
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fuel for a motor vehicle, in particular to a low-condensation-point vehicle biofuel suitable for a diesel engine.
Background
With the rapid development of national economy and the improvement of the living standard of people, the demand of China on energy sources is increasing day by day, and the consumption of liquid fuel taking petroleum as a raw material is continuously increased. Meanwhile, conventional petroleum resources are increasingly scarce. Therefore, research and development of alternative fuels are imperative. The international development trend of vehicle fuel and the national energy source are clearly pointed out that the use of ore fuel is gradually reduced and the use amount of alcohol fuel and biofuel is increased for automobiles. Hamelinck indicates that methanol and Fischer-Tropsch process synthetic fuels are currently the best fuels for power.
The diesel engine has higher thermal efficiency, low speed and high torque characteristics and good reliability than a gasoline engine, but the diesel oil with common grade, such as 0# diesel oil, has higher condensation point, the grade of the diesel oil needs to be selected according to the using temperature interval, if the grade is not suitable, a fuel oil system in the engine can be waxed, an oil way is blocked, and the normal work of the engine is influenced. Although the lower the grade of diesel fuel, the less likely it is to form wax, the higher the price. In order to further reduce the cost of fuels suitable for use in diesel engines, a number of biofuels have come into force. For example, the invention patent with the publication number of CN101280231A discloses a biological fuel oil and a preparation method thereof. The invention adopts ethanol, methanol, toluene, isopropanol, surfactant, ethyl nitrate, ferrocene, C12 alkenyl succinic acid, diesel oil and other raw materials to produce and obtain the biofuel oil, the octane number and cetane number of the obtained biofuel oil product are higher, the corrosivity is low, but the condensation point of the biofuel oil product is only between-10 ℃ and-20 ℃, and is only equivalent to the condensation point of-20 # diesel oil and 35# diesel oil at most, so the biofuel oil product is not suitable for the oil demand in the cold regions in the north.
The invention patent with the publication number of CN102796573A discloses a low-freezing biodiesel mixed fuel and a preparation method thereof, and the components of the low-freezing biodiesel mixed fuel comprise ethyl levulinate, methyl furoate, dibutyl carbonate, methyl oleate, a cosolvent and a flash point improver. The low-freezing point biodiesel mixed fuel has a low freezing point which can reach-55 ℃ at the lowest, and can meet the oil demand in northern cold regions, but the formula is complex and the preparation method is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the low-condensation-point automotive biofuel which is simple in formula, high in cetane number and low in condensation point.
The low freezing point vehicle biofuel comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
10-35% of higher alcohol, 20-70% of epoxy fatty acid methyl ester, 15-65% of trimethylbenzene and 1-3% of additive;
wherein,
the higher alcohol is n-octanol and/or 2-octanol;
the additive is formed by mixing oleic acid and methyl benzoate.
According to the technical scheme, the solidifying point of the epoxy fatty acid methyl ester used as the component is 8 ℃, and the solidifying point of the obtained fuel is only about 10 ℃ under the condition that no additive is added after the component is added. The applicant, through long-term and extensive experimental studies, has found that by adding the above-mentioned additives of specific composition it is possible to obtain fuels having a condensation point lower than-35 ℃ while ensuring other properties of the resulting fuel.
In the technical scheme of the invention, when the high-carbon alcohol is selected from the combination of n-octanol and 2-octanol, the proportion of the high-carbon alcohol and the combination of the n-octanol and the 2-octanol can be any proportion, and the weight ratio of the n-octanol to the 2-octanol is preferably 1-5: 1-5, more preferably 1: 1.
in the technical scheme of the invention, the additive can be a mixture of oleic acid and methyl benzoate in any proportion, preferably, the additive is a mixture of oleic acid and methyl benzoate in a proportion of 1-5: 1-5, more preferably oleic acid and methyl benzoate in a weight ratio of 1: 1 by weight ratio of the mixture.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the weight percentage of each component is preferably as follows:
15-35% of higher alcohol, 20-55% of epoxy fatty acid methyl ester, 20-55% of trimethylbenzene and 1-3% of additive.
Further, the weight percentage of each component is preferably as follows:
20-35% of higher alcohol, 20-45% of epoxy fatty acid methyl ester, 20-45% of trimethylbenzene and 1-2% of additive.
The preparation method of the low-condensation-point vehicle biofuel comprises the following steps: the components are weighed according to the proportion, and the mixture is uniformly mixed and then is kept stand for a period of time (usually more than 5 hours) for use.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts special raw materials for proportioning, and particularly after the additive with a specific proportioning is added, the problem that the condensation point of the obtained fuel is higher (only about 10 ℃) due to the addition of the epoxy fatty acid methyl ester is effectively solved, the condensation point of the obtained fuel is lower than-35 ℃, the flash point of the fuel is kept above 60 ℃, the cetane number is above 65, and the lubricity is less than 200 (the diameter of a corrected grinding scar is 60 ℃/mum)), so that the invention can be suitable for the oil demand in cold regions in the north; in addition, the invention has simple formula and simple preparation method.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be better understood from the following detailed description of specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Weighing the following components in percentage by weight, fully and uniformly mixing, and standing for 8 hours to obtain the low-condensation-point automotive biofuel disclosed by the invention:
25% of higher alcohol (n-octanol), 23% of epoxy fatty acid methyl ester, 50% of trimethylbenzene and 2% of additive (formed by mixing oleic acid and methyl benzoate according to the weight ratio of 1: 1).
Comparative example 1
Weighing the following components in percentage by weight, fully and uniformly mixing, and standing for 8 hours to obtain the vehicle biofuel without the additive:
27% of higher alcohol (n-octanol), 23% of epoxy fatty acid methyl ester and 50% of trimethylbenzene.
Example 2
Weighing the following components in percentage by weight, fully and uniformly mixing, and standing for 5 hours to obtain the low-condensation-point automotive biofuel disclosed by the invention:
35% of higher alcohol (2-octanol), 45% of epoxy fatty acid methyl ester, 17% of trimethylbenzene and 3% of additive (formed by mixing oleic acid and methyl benzoate according to the weight ratio of 1: 3).
Example 3
Weighing the following components in percentage by weight, fully and uniformly mixing, and standing for 10 hours to obtain the low-freezing-point automotive biofuel disclosed by the invention:
10% of higher alcohol (formed by mixing n-octanol and 2-octanol according to the weight ratio of 1: 1), 35% of epoxy fatty acid methyl ester, 54% of trimethylbenzene and 1% of additive (formed by mixing oleic acid and methyl benzoate according to the weight ratio of 1: 5).
Example 4
Weighing the following components in percentage by weight, fully and uniformly mixing, and standing for 6 hours to obtain the low-condensation-point automotive biofuel disclosed by the invention:
13 percent of higher alcohol (formed by mixing n-octanol and 2-octanol according to the weight ratio of 5: 1), 70 percent of epoxy fatty acid methyl ester, 15 percent of trimethylbenzene and 2 percent of additive (formed by mixing oleic acid and methyl benzoate according to the weight ratio of 5: 1).
Example 5
Weighing the following components in percentage by weight, fully and uniformly mixing, and standing for 8 hours to obtain the low-condensation-point automotive biofuel disclosed by the invention:
14 percent of higher alcohol (formed by mixing n-octanol and 2-octanol according to the weight ratio of 1: 10), 20 percent of epoxy fatty acid methyl ester, 65 percent of trimethylbenzene and 1 percent of additive (formed by mixing oleic acid and methyl benzoate according to the weight ratio of 10: 1).
The fuels prepared in examples 1 to 5 above were subjected to the performance test, and the results are shown in the following table 1:
table 1:
wherein, the cetane number is detected according to GB/T386-91, the copper sheet corrosion is detected according to GB/T5096, the density is detected according to GB/T1884-2000, mechanical impurities and moisture are detected by visual inspection, the flash point is detected according to GB/T261, and the condensation point is detected according to SH/T0248.

Claims (5)

1. The biofuel for the low freezing point vehicle comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
10-35% of higher alcohol, 20-70% of epoxy fatty acid methyl ester, 15-65% of trimethylbenzene and 1-3% of additive;
wherein,
the higher alcohol is n-octanol and/or 2-octanol;
the additive is formed by mixing oleic acid and methyl benzoate.
2. The low freezing point biofuel for vehicles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the additive is prepared from oleic acid and methyl benzoate according to the weight ratio of 1-5: 1-5 by weight ratio.
3. The low freezing point biofuel for vehicles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the additive is prepared from oleic acid and methyl benzoate according to the weight ratio of 1: 1 by weight ratio.
4. The biofuel for vehicles with low freezing point as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the weight percentage of each component is as follows:
15-35% of higher alcohol, 20-55% of epoxy fatty acid methyl ester, 20-55% of trimethylbenzene and 1-3% of additive.
5. The biofuel for vehicles with low freezing point as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the weight percentage of each component is as follows:
20-35% of higher alcohol, 20-45% of epoxy fatty acid methyl ester, 20-45% of trimethylbenzene and 1-2% of additive.
CN201610252346.XA 2016-04-21 2016-04-21 Low-condensation-point biological fuel for vehicles Pending CN105694998A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610252346.XA CN105694998A (en) 2016-04-21 2016-04-21 Low-condensation-point biological fuel for vehicles

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1800312A (en) * 2005-07-29 2006-07-12 陈斌 Cleaning alcohol ether gasoline
KR100734201B1 (en) * 2006-06-14 2007-07-02 지에스칼텍스 주식회사 Catane improver and manufacturing the same
CN102041176A (en) * 2011-01-14 2011-05-04 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 Method for preparing low temperature epoxy fatty acid branched-chain alcohol ester improver for biodiesel and application thereof
US8124572B2 (en) * 2007-09-27 2012-02-28 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Production of biofuels and biolubricants from a common feedstock
CN104119968A (en) * 2014-08-14 2014-10-29 蒙呈星 Novel fuel for vehicles

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1800312A (en) * 2005-07-29 2006-07-12 陈斌 Cleaning alcohol ether gasoline
KR100734201B1 (en) * 2006-06-14 2007-07-02 지에스칼텍스 주식회사 Catane improver and manufacturing the same
US8124572B2 (en) * 2007-09-27 2012-02-28 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Production of biofuels and biolubricants from a common feedstock
CN102041176A (en) * 2011-01-14 2011-05-04 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 Method for preparing low temperature epoxy fatty acid branched-chain alcohol ester improver for biodiesel and application thereof
CN104119968A (en) * 2014-08-14 2014-10-29 蒙呈星 Novel fuel for vehicles

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