CN105694599A - Technology for manufacturing pencil leads by waste plants - Google Patents
Technology for manufacturing pencil leads by waste plants Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105694599A CN105694599A CN201610055359.8A CN201610055359A CN105694599A CN 105694599 A CN105694599 A CN 105694599A CN 201610055359 A CN201610055359 A CN 201610055359A CN 105694599 A CN105694599 A CN 105694599A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pencil
- lead
- plant
- binding agent
- parts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D13/00—Pencil-leads; Crayon compositions; Chalk compositions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
- B43K—IMPLEMENTS FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
- B43K19/00—Non-propelling pencils; Styles; Crayons; Chalks
- B43K19/16—Making non-propelling pencils
- B43K19/18—Making pencil writing-cores
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of plant recycling, in particular to a technology for manufacturing pencil leads by waste plants. The pencil leads are prepared from the following components by weight ratio: 150-200 parts of plant raw material, 40-60 parts of flake graphite, 10-30 parts of a binding agent and 200-240 parts of water. The technology for manufacturing the pencil leads comprises the following steps: (1) heating the plant raw material to obtain an ash component; (2) grinding the flake graphite into fine powder, weighing the flake graphite powder together with the ash component and the binding agent, and then adding water into the weighed materials to obtain a mixture; (3) beating the mixture by a bar, and then carrying out extrusion molding; (4) after extrusion molding, enabling bar stock to enter a roasting furnace for roasting, and then enabling the product to enter a lead firing furnace for firing the leads; (5) carrying out oil immersion on the bar stock. After the technology is adopted, the bonding effect, breaking strength, wear resistance, writing smoothness and the like of the manufactured pencil leads are improved; furthermore, the cost is lowered, and the plant resources are reasonably utilized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant recycling field, be specifically related to a kind of technique utilizing discarded plant to manufacture pencil-lead。
Background technology
Processing or harvesting stacking process owing to rural area waste straw is generally adopted chopping and returning on the spot, during stacking, floor space is big, it is difficult to deposit, and easily brings potential safety hazard during dry weather；The straw that also field processes on the spot often affects again the sowing of Semen Tritici aestivi at northern area, and therefore some local generally mode that employing is burned processes, but when burning, air can cause a kind of huge pollution, is now prohibited。
One slight straw pencil can help to consume 6 grams of straws, and the amount of wood of a common wood pencils consumption is then 7.536 cubic centimetres。Zhi Bi association of China related data shows, the annual pencil yield of China is 7,000,000,000, if 30% being wherein made by straw, then can consume straw 12600 tons, if rural area waste straw can be fully utilized, then the phenomenon of crop straw burning will be effectively controlled。
And annual, soil all can grow numerous weeds, these weeds often compete the nutrient in soil with crops, and then affect the normal growth of crops。
The formal name of Herba Eichhorniae: Water hyacinth, is also named water lettuce。Herba Eichhorniae stem and leaf overhangs waterborne, and tiller is crawled in the water surface。Flower is horn-like for many ribs, and pattern is gorgeous attractive in appearance。The fertility of Herba Eichhorniae is extremely vigorous, once there be the environment of its growth applicable, it is fast-growth just, and becomes local dominant species, it is suppressed that or affect the growth of other species, destroying ecological diversity, very easily cause this area's ecological degeneration, species are single。The invasion of Herba Eichhorniae can be broken so that destroying the balance that area is original, and establish a Herba Eichhorniae and account for most of invasive balance；The foundation of this balance not only makes the original balance in this area more fragile but also more seriously it destroys the multiformity of ecology, makes some species become extinct on this ground。
Cyanophyceae together with the antibacterial etc. of tool protokaryon, Dan Liwei Prokaryota。All of cyanophyceae all contains the blue pigment of a kind of special cyanophyceae (cyanobacteria), and cyanophyceae hence obtains one's name exactly。Along with the degree of body eutrophication in recent years increases the weight of, cyanophyceae amount reproduction, and formed one layer of aeruginous at the water surface and had the offscum of bad smell annual summer。Large-scale blue algae bloom can cause the deterioration of water quality, exhausts water oxygen gas and cause the death of Fish time serious。More seriously, in cyanophyceae, some kind (such as Microcystis aeruginosa) also can produce toxin (being called for short MC), containing a large amount of MC in the cyanophyceae of about 50%。MC, except directly Fish, people and animals being produced murder by poisoning, is also the major incentive of hepatocarcinoma。At present, cyanophyceae does not have method of disposal timely and effectively after salvaging, and major part all stores on the spot, produces foul odour, and additionally biogas slurry is back in river, and the secondary pollution of water body is serious。
A kind of technique utilizing discarded plant to manufacture pencil-lead, it is achieved that the comprehensive resource of crop material, weeds, water plant such as Herba Eichhorniae and cyanophyceae etc. is processed and utilizes。
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, it is provided that a kind of technique utilizing discarded plant to manufacture pencil-lead。
The technical problem to be solved realizes by the following technical solutions:
A kind of pencil-lead utilizing discarded plant to manufacture, it is characterised in that: including material of vegetable origin, scale stone grinder and binding agent, component by weight is: material of vegetable origin 150-200 part, scale stone grinder 40-60 part, binding agent 10-30 part, water 200-240 part。
A kind of technique utilizing discarded plant to manufacture pencil-lead, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) material of vegetable origin being carried out pretreatment, under sealing oxygen barrier environment, heating, obtains ash, and heating-up temperature is 400 DEG C, and the time is 5 hours；
(2) scale stone grinder is ground to form fine powder, after weighing with ash, binding agent, add water, mix under normal temperature condition and obtain mixture；
(3) mixture is mediated in a device, roll-in, rear panel broken, beat rod extruded；
(4) bar after extruded through pressure core, cut core, then carry out rotary drying, dried enter roast in roasting furnace, enter after roast and burn core stove and burn core；
(5) carry out oil immersion through bar, then dry to make pencil-lead。
Preferably, described material of vegetable origin includes crop material, terrestrial weeds, water plant such as Herba Eichhorniae, cyanophyceae etc.。
Preferably, described binding agent is nigrosine (water carbon black R-500)。
Preferably, the equipment in described step (3) is three roller roller mills。
Preferably, the bar in described step (4) heats 2h in roaster, heats 1h burning in core stove。
Preferably, the oil used in the oil immersion process of described step (5) includes the component of following weight portion: the ethanol of 70-80 part, the paraffin of 30-40 part, 20-30 part Oleum Brassicae campestris。
The present invention is had the beneficial effect that
The present invention is used to manufacture pencil-lead, can be good at the harm saving crop straw burning problem, weeds, Herba Eichhorniae and cyanophyceae etc. to environment, and use nigrosine class dyestuff, mainly between granular graphite, play cementation, itself it is again black, more favourable than clay, the pencil-lead produced in this manner is no matter from bond effect, or rupture strength, antiwear characteristic and the aspect such as write smoothly have improvement, and present invention reduces cost, reasonably make use of plant resources, the pencil-lead fluent writing produced, without falling slag。
Detailed description of the invention
For the technological means making the present invention realize, creation characteristic, reach purpose and effect and be easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further。
Embodiment 1
A kind of pencil-lead utilizing discarded plant to manufacture, it is characterised in that: including material of vegetable origin, scale stone grinder and binding agent, component by weight is: material of vegetable origin 200 parts, scale stone grinder 60 parts, binding agent 30 parts, 240 parts of water。
A kind of technique utilizing discarded plant to manufacture pencil-lead, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) material of vegetable origin being carried out pretreatment, under sealing oxygen barrier environment, heating, obtains ash, and heating-up temperature is 400 DEG C, and the time is 5 hours；
(2) scale stone grinder is ground to form fine powder, after weighing with ash, binding agent, add water, mix under normal temperature condition and obtain mixture；
(3) mixture is mediated in a device, roll-in, rear panel broken, beat rod extruded；
(4) bar after extruded through pressure core, cut core, then carry out rotary drying, dried enter roast in roasting furnace, enter after roast and burn core stove and burn core；
(5) carry out oil immersion through bar, then dry to make pencil-lead。
Preferably, described material of vegetable origin includes crop material, terrestrial weeds, water plant such as Herba Eichhorniae, cyanophyceae etc.。
Preferably, described binding agent is nigrosine (water carbon black R-500)。
Preferably, the equipment in described step (3) is three roller roller mills。
Preferably, the bar in described step (4) heats 2h in roaster, heats 1h burning in core stove。
Preferably, the oil used in the oil immersion process of described step (5) includes the component of following weight portion: the ethanol of 80 parts, the paraffin of 40 parts, the Oleum Brassicae campestris of 20 parts。
Embodiment 2
A kind of pencil-lead utilizing discarded plant to manufacture, it is characterised in that: including material of vegetable origin, scale stone grinder and binding agent, component by weight is: material of vegetable origin 170 parts, scale stone grinder 50 parts, binding agent 20 parts, 220 parts of water。
A kind of technique utilizing discarded plant to manufacture pencil-lead, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) material of vegetable origin being carried out pretreatment, under sealing oxygen barrier environment, heating, obtains ash, and heating-up temperature is 400 DEG C, and the time is 5 hours；
(2) scale stone grinder is ground to form fine powder, after weighing with ash, binding agent, add water, mix under normal temperature condition and obtain mixture；
(3) mixture is mediated in a device, roll-in, rear panel broken, beat rod extruded；
(4) bar after extruded through pressure core, cut core, then carry out rotary drying, dried enter roast in roasting furnace, enter after roast and burn core stove and burn core；
(5) carry out oil immersion through bar, then dry to make pencil-lead。
Preferably, described material of vegetable origin includes crop material, terrestrial weeds, water plant such as Herba Eichhorniae, cyanophyceae etc.。
Preferably, described binding agent is nigrosine (water carbon black R-500)。
Preferably, the equipment in described step (3) is three roller roller mills。
Preferably, the bar in described step (4) heats 2h in roaster, heats 1h burning in core stove。
Preferably, the oil used in the oil immersion process of described step (5) includes the component of following weight portion: the ethanol of 75 parts, the paraffin of 35 parts, the Oleum Brassicae campestris of 25 parts。
Matched group
A kind of pencil-lead utilizing discarded plant to manufacture, including material of vegetable origin, Sal and adhesive, component by weight is: material of vegetable origin 175 parts, scale stone grinder 50 parts, clay 20 parts, 220 parts of water。
A kind of technique utilizing discarded plant to manufacture pencil-lead, comprises the following steps:
(1) material of vegetable origin being carried out pretreatment, under sealing oxygen barrier environment, heating, obtains ash, and heating-up temperature is 400 DEG C, and the time is 5 hours；
(2) scale stone grinder is ground to form fine powder, after weighing with ash, clay, water, add solvent, mix under normal temperature condition and obtain mixture；
(3) mixture is mediated, roll-in, rear panel broken, beat excellent extruded；
(4) bar after extruded through pressure core, cut core, then carry out rotary drying, dried enter roast in roasting furnace, enter after roast and burn core stove and burn core；
(5) carry out oil immersion through bar, then dry to make pencil-lead。
Preferably, described material of vegetable origin includes crop material, terrestrial weeds, water plant such as Herba Eichhorniae, cyanophyceae etc.。
Preferably, the ethanol that solvent is concentration 70% in described step (2)。
Preferably, 2h fired by the bar in described step (4) in roaster, fires 1h burning in core stove。
Preferably, the oil used in the oil immersion process of described step (5) includes the component of following weight portion: the ethanol of 75 parts, the paraffin of 35 parts, the Oleum Brassicae campestris of 25 parts。
The pencil-lead prepared using the method for embodiment 1, embodiment 2 is as experimental group, and its matched group and experimental group are distinctive in that whether with the addition of ethanol or nigrosine。
The each pencil-lead performance of table 1
| Rupture strength (MPa) | The degree of wear (30min) | Colour saturation | |
| Embodiment 1 | 1.2 | Mild wear | Micro-heavy |
| Embodiment 2 | 1.35 | Mild wear | Clearly |
| Matched group | 0.96 | Moderate is worn and torn | Micro-light |
According to above-mentioned experiment it can be seen that adopt the pencil-lead obtained by technique of the present invention, it is for matched group, and rupture strength is big, and the degree of wear is little, fluent writing, colour saturation standard。
The ultimate principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage have more than been shown and described。Skilled person will appreciate that of the industry; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; described in above-described embodiment and description is that principles of the invention is described; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements both fall within the claimed scope of the invention。Claimed scope is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof。
Claims (7)
1. the pencil-lead utilizing discarded plant to manufacture, it is characterised in that: including material of vegetable origin, scale stone grinder and binding agent, component by weight is: material of vegetable origin 150-200 part, scale stone grinder 40-60 part, binding agent 10-30 part, water 200-240 part。
2. one kind utilizes the technique that discarded plant manufactures pencil-lead, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) material of vegetable origin being carried out pretreatment, under sealing oxygen barrier environment, heating, obtains ash, and heating-up temperature is 400 DEG C, and the time is 5 hours；
(2) scale stone grinder is ground to form fine powder, after weighing with ash, binding agent, add water, mix under normal temperature condition and obtain mixture；
(3) mixture is mediated in a device, roll-in, rear panel broken, beat rod extruded；
(4) bar after extruded through pressure core, cut core, then carry out rotary drying, dried enter roast in roasting furnace, enter after roast and burn core stove and burn core；
(5) carry out oil immersion through bar, then dry to make pencil-lead。
3. a kind of technique utilizing discarded plant to manufacture pencil-lead according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described material of vegetable origin includes crop material, terrestrial weeds, water plant such as Herba Eichhorniae, cyanophyceae etc.。
4. a kind of technique utilizing discarded plant to manufacture pencil-lead according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described binding agent is nigrosine (water carbon black R-500)。
5. a kind of technique utilizing discarded plant to manufacture pencil-lead according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the equipment in described step (3) is three roller roller mills。
6. a kind of technique utilizing discarded plant to manufacture pencil-lead according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the bar in described step (4) heats 2h in roaster, heats 1h burning in core stove。
7. a kind of technique utilizing discarded plant to manufacture pencil-lead according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the oil used in the oil immersion process of described step (5) includes the component of following weight portion: the ethanol of 70-80 part, the paraffin of 30-40 part, 20-30 part Oleum Brassicae campestris。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610055359.8A CN105694599A (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2016-01-26 | Technology for manufacturing pencil leads by waste plants |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610055359.8A CN105694599A (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2016-01-26 | Technology for manufacturing pencil leads by waste plants |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105694599A true CN105694599A (en) | 2016-06-22 |
Family
ID=56228692
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610055359.8A Pending CN105694599A (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2016-01-26 | Technology for manufacturing pencil leads by waste plants |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105694599A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107312389A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-11-03 | 如皋长江科技产业有限公司 | The pencil-lead and its manufacturing process of a kind of utilization discarded plant manufacture |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4209332A (en) * | 1978-08-24 | 1980-06-24 | Sakura Color Products Corp. | Method for manufacturing pencil leads |
| CN1962773A (en) * | 2006-11-17 | 2007-05-16 | 芦吉春 | High-grade resin thin pencil core made of coal tar and method for manufacturing same |
| CN103847317A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-06-11 | 青岛普乐斯铅笔有限公司 | Graphite resin pencil lead 2B processing method |
| CN105153818A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-16 | 蚌埠市神龙笔业有限公司 | Pencil core produced from straws |
| CN105176201A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-23 | 蚌埠市神龙笔业有限公司 | Fluorescent pencil lead |
-
2016
- 2016-01-26 CN CN201610055359.8A patent/CN105694599A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4209332A (en) * | 1978-08-24 | 1980-06-24 | Sakura Color Products Corp. | Method for manufacturing pencil leads |
| CN1962773A (en) * | 2006-11-17 | 2007-05-16 | 芦吉春 | High-grade resin thin pencil core made of coal tar and method for manufacturing same |
| CN103847317A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-06-11 | 青岛普乐斯铅笔有限公司 | Graphite resin pencil lead 2B processing method |
| CN105176201A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-23 | 蚌埠市神龙笔业有限公司 | Fluorescent pencil lead |
| CN105153818A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-16 | 蚌埠市神龙笔业有限公司 | Pencil core produced from straws |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107312389A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-11-03 | 如皋长江科技产业有限公司 | The pencil-lead and its manufacturing process of a kind of utilization discarded plant manufacture |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101811911A (en) | Matrix produced by using vinegar residue for greening and production process thereof | |
| CN103864517B (en) | A kind of method and tobacco floating seedling culture matrix utilizing vinasse production tobacco floating seedling culture matrix | |
| CN102388921A (en) | Bacillus subtilis Tpb55 wettable powder and application | |
| CN106866231A (en) | A kind of cornstalk biological matter charcoal organic fertilizer containing Chinese medicine slag | |
| CN107226742A (en) | A kind of preparation method for being conducive to preventing and treating the microbial manure of rice seedling blight | |
| CN107226758A (en) | A kind of garden waste biomass carbon base biogas slurry fertilizer and preparation method and application | |
| CN107815333A (en) | A kind of environment-friendly biomass granular fuel and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109824459A (en) | A kind of corn fertilizer special for organic and its preparation method and application | |
| CN107312389A (en) | The pencil-lead and its manufacturing process of a kind of utilization discarded plant manufacture | |
| CN105154164A (en) | Bio-mass granular fuel additive and preparation method thereof | |
| CN101961502A (en) | Low-carbon smokeless incense and production method thereof | |
| CN104232232A (en) | Novel method for utilizing blue-green algae in Taihu lake | |
| US20100263271A1 (en) | Clean burning bio-coal | |
| CN105694599A (en) | Technology for manufacturing pencil leads by waste plants | |
| Haefele et al. | Black carbon (biochar) in rice-based systems: characteristics and opportunities | |
| CN106190405A (en) | A kind of preparation method of high-efficiency environment friendly biomass fuel | |
| CN105237307A (en) | Soil conditioner as well as production method and application thereof | |
| CN101020344B (en) | Process and apparatus for producing stalk honeycomb briquet | |
| KR101995756B1 (en) | Wood Briquet Using Wooden Wastes and Manufacturing Method Thereof | |
| CN105130538A (en) | Manufacturing method for conversion of garden greening garbage into refined organic fertilizer | |
| CN106085544A (en) | A kind of composite biomass fuel and processing technique thereof | |
| CN105601408A (en) | Black carbon fertile soil, and producing method and application thereof | |
| CN107057707A (en) | A kind of prone soil biomass carbon modifying agent containing spirulina | |
| CN106905072B (en) | Straw smoldering and rapid humification combined utilization method and humic fertilizer product thereof | |
| Nagula et al. | Tender coconut husk derived biochar impact on soil properties, yield and fruit quality of banana |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20160622 |
|
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |