CN105694116A - 一种降解速率可调的天然高分子薄膜材料 - Google Patents

一种降解速率可调的天然高分子薄膜材料 Download PDF

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CN105694116A
CN105694116A CN201610234851.1A CN201610234851A CN105694116A CN 105694116 A CN105694116 A CN 105694116A CN 201610234851 A CN201610234851 A CN 201610234851A CN 105694116 A CN105694116 A CN 105694116A
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film material
natural polymer
degradation
adjustable
polymer film
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荐田茂幸
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SHANGHAI FUKUSUKE INDUSTRIES Co Ltd
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SHANGHAI FUKUSUKE INDUSTRIES Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L3/00—Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
    • C08L3/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
    • C08L1/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2301/00—Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
    • C08J2301/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2303/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
    • C08J2303/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2401/00—Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
    • C08J2401/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2403/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
    • C08J2403/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/16—Applications used for films
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明属于薄膜材料技术领域，具体地说是一种降解速率可调的天然高分子薄膜材料，该天然高分子薄膜材料按质量百分比计算，其原料的组成及含量如下，可溶性淀粉35-52％、纤维素30-50％、增塑剂4-12％、滑石粉0.5-6％、定型剂0.02-0.08％，其中，增塑剂为聚乙烯醇、甘油、二乙醇胺或聚乙烯乙烯醇共聚物，定型剂由乙醇和氨水配制而成；本发明通过选用可溶性淀粉、纤维素、增塑剂、滑石粉、定型剂作为原材料，并研究出合适的配比，从而配制出降解速率可调的天然高分子薄膜材料，该薄膜材料对环境及人体均无害，可在自然条件下完全降解，且降解更加迅速、彻底，在改善力学性能的同时降低了材料的成本。

Description

一种降解速率可调的天然高分子薄膜材料
[技术领域]
本发明属于薄膜材料技术领域，具体地说是一种降解速率可调的天然高分子薄膜材料。
[背景技术]
近年来，研究人员试图在传统塑料的基础上研究环境友好的薄膜材料，例如，CN1931905A中公开了一种将淀粉与聚乙烯及助剂直接共混后所制得的薄膜材料，但该薄膜的拉伸强度偏低，并且淀粉在提高塑料可降解性能的同时，一方面会造成其物理机械性能如拉伸强度等下降，使其加工困难，另一方面还存在亲水性太强，与大部分通用树脂之间的相容性很差，致使材料的力学性能大幅下降。此外，虽然这种材料中可塑性淀粉含量可较高，但由于PE等基体本身不具有生物降解性。虽然这些技术制备的塑料会因淀粉的降解而更易于塌陷，但未降解的聚合物碎片仍然会造成环境污染。
为了缓解“白色污染”给人类生存、健康与发展带来的不利影响，继续研究并开发一种绿色环保的高分子薄膜材料，已越来越受到人们的重视。因此，如何寻求一种既具有塑料的优良性能，又能被微生物完全降解的绿色环保高分子薄膜材料，将是解决当前白色污染最可行的方法。
[发明内容]
本发明的目的就是要解决上述的不足而提供一种降解速率可调的天然高分子薄膜材料，不仅对环境及人体均无害，可在自然条件下完全降解，且降解更加迅速、彻底，在改善力学性能的同时降低了材料的成本。
为实现上述目的设计一种降解速率可调的天然高分子薄膜材料，按质量百分比计算，其原料的组成及含量如下：
作为优选，该降解速率可调的天然高分子薄膜材料，按质量百分比计算，其原料的组成及含量如下：
所述增塑剂为聚乙烯醇、甘油、二乙醇胺或聚乙烯乙烯醇共聚物。
所述定型剂由乙醇和氨水配制而成。
本发明同现有技术相比，通过选用可溶性淀粉、纤维素、增塑剂、滑石粉、定型剂作为原材料，并研究出合适的配比，从而配制出降解速率可调的天然高分子薄膜材料，该薄膜材料对环境及人体均无害，可在自然条件下完全降解，且降解更加迅速、彻底，在改善力学性能的同时降低了材料的成本，该薄膜材料能够广泛应用于美容面膜、医用耗材、食品保鲜、卫生用品、农用地膜等。
[具体实施方式]
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作以下进一步说明：
实施例1
本发明提供了一种降解速率可调的天然高分子薄膜材料，按质量百分比计算，其原料的组成及含量如下：
实施例2
本发明提供了一种降解速率可调的天然高分子薄膜材料，按质量百分比计算，其原料的组成及含量如下：
实施例3
本发明提供了一种降解速率可调的天然高分子薄膜材料，按质量百分比计算，其原料的组成及含量如下：
实施例4
本发明提供了一种降解速率可调的天然高分子薄膜材料，按质量百分比计算，其原料的组成及含量如下：
其中，增塑剂为聚乙烯醇、甘油、二乙醇胺或聚乙烯乙烯醇共聚物；所述定型剂由乙醇和氨水配制而成。
本发明并不受上述实施方式的限制，其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种降解速率可调的天然高分子薄膜材料，其特征在于，按质量百分比计算，其原料的组成及含量如下：
2.如权利要求1所述的降解速率可调的天然高分子薄膜材料，其特征在于，按质量百分比计算，其原料的组成及含量如下：
3.如权利要求1或2所述的降解速率可调的天然高分子薄膜材料，其特征在于：
所述增塑剂为聚乙烯醇、甘油、二乙醇胺或聚乙烯乙烯醇共聚物。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的降解速率可调的天然高分子薄膜材料，其特征在于：
所述定型剂由乙醇和氨水配制而成。
CN201610234851.1A 2016-04-15 2016-04-15 一种降解速率可调的天然高分子薄膜材料 Pending CN105694116A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105885115A (zh) * 2016-06-24 2016-08-24 安徽德琳环保发展（集团）有限公司 一种纤维素增强的己内酯-淀粉可降解薄膜及其制备方法
CN107011541A (zh) * 2016-08-23 2017-08-04 南通久聚高分子科技有限公司 一种环保型高分子薄膜

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101037368A (zh) * 2007-02-12 2007-09-19 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 一种生物可降解型自控缓释肥料及其制备方法
CN102020790A (zh) * 2010-11-11 2011-04-20 昆明理工大学 一种降解速率可调的天然高分子薄膜材料及制备方法
CN103587187A (zh) * 2013-05-22 2014-02-19 上海优珀斯材料科技有限公司 一种可控降解防粘膜及制备方法
CN104072953A (zh) * 2014-06-30 2014-10-01 浙江杭州鑫富药业股份有限公司 一种可控降解的全生物降解农用地膜

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101037368A (zh) * 2007-02-12 2007-09-19 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 一种生物可降解型自控缓释肥料及其制备方法
CN102020790A (zh) * 2010-11-11 2011-04-20 昆明理工大学 一种降解速率可调的天然高分子薄膜材料及制备方法
CN103587187A (zh) * 2013-05-22 2014-02-19 上海优珀斯材料科技有限公司 一种可控降解防粘膜及制备方法
CN104072953A (zh) * 2014-06-30 2014-10-01 浙江杭州鑫富药业股份有限公司 一种可控降解的全生物降解农用地膜

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105885115A (zh) * 2016-06-24 2016-08-24 安徽德琳环保发展（集团）有限公司 一种纤维素增强的己内酯-淀粉可降解薄膜及其制备方法
CN107011541A (zh) * 2016-08-23 2017-08-04 南通久聚高分子科技有限公司 一种环保型高分子薄膜

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