CN105672188A - Debris flow ecological protection device capable of dissipating energy and conducting filtration - Google Patents
Debris flow ecological protection device capable of dissipating energy and conducting filtration Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105672188A CN105672188A CN201610018806.2A CN201610018806A CN105672188A CN 105672188 A CN105672188 A CN 105672188A CN 201610018806 A CN201610018806 A CN 201610018806A CN 105672188 A CN105672188 A CN 105672188A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- mud
- ecological protection
- rock flow
- megalith
- flow ecological
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/06—Spillways; Devices for dissipation of energy, e.g. for reducing eddies also for lock or dry-dock gates
Abstract
The invention discloses a debris flow ecological protection device capable of dissipating energy and conducting filtration. The debris flow ecological protection device comprises at least debris flow ecological protection unit located on the upstream surface. Each debris flow ecological protection unit comprises a plurality of megalith gabion layers and slide-resistant piles linearly arranged. Each megalith gabion layer comprises a plurality of megaliths. The slide-resistant piles are arranged behind the last megalith gabion layer. Crash pads are arranged between the slide-resistant piles and the last megalith gabion layer. In the debris flow direction, the megalith gabion layers of each debris flow ecological protection unit are arranged in a ladder mode and are elevated gradually. The megaliths of each debris flow ecological protection unit are connected into a whole through concrete. According to the debris flow ecological protection device, debris flow energy can be weakened stepwise, and big rock blocks can be filtered, so that debris flow is restored to normal water flow.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Controlling Debris Flow field, be specifically related to one and disappear filtrable mud-rock flow ecological protection device.
Background technology
Mud-stone flow disaster is one of important kind of China's geological disaster, is listed as three big geological disasters with avalanche, landslide. Along with network of highways, the spreading out and speed-raising that Mountain Urban Area is built of the railway network, the impact of mountain area mud-rock flow is further serious, and particularly the especially big mud-rock flow in Gansu Zhouqu County causes that more 1700 people are wrecked, and the from then on preventing and treating of mud-rock flow receives much concern.
The hazardness of mud-rock flow is in that current at a high speed carry substantial amounts of silt and stone, and its long transmission distance, coverage are wide, destructive power is big, it is possible to the building washing away vehicle on road easily, washing away in path. In debris flow control works, the engineering prevention and control of mud-stone flow disaster mainly includes overhead crossing engineering, leads engineering and several classes such as engineering of blocking through engineering, protection works, row, and engineering of particularly blocking is because of directly reliable and most commonly used. Engineering of blocking be a class for controlling the solid matter of mud-rock flow, weaken its flow, reduce it and engineering is washed away, clash into and becomes silted up and the job facilities of harm such as bury, mainly have blocking dam, totally play the purpose weakening mud-rock flow.
Although existing blocking dam has, in preventing and treating mud-rock flow, the effect slackening mud-rock flow, need to carrying out the concrete construction of generous amount in mountain area when building blocking dam, cost is very high, causes that its cost is high, long in time limit. The Ba Qu of blocking dam is as cleared up not in time, it is possible to quickly filled up by alluvial, loses effect of blocking, and does not have the purpose of preventing and treating mud-rock flow. Mud-rock flow blocking dam, because being negligent of maintenance, causes storage capacity to reduce, and degree of danger increases. Blocking dam has intercepted the substantial amounts of cubic metre of earth and stone, can be subjected to large compressive, it is possible to there is dam break when this pressure has reached the limit that structure bears, causes bigger disaster. Why destructive power is so big for mud-rock flow, main reason is that the high-velocity flow between gully, if can water velocity be reduced, it sweeps along the ability of stone naturally to reduce, and its destructive power is greatly reduced; Simultaneously can not hinder normal current while reducing water velocity and corrode at a slow speed, only taking out of constantly controlled for the accumulation body in cheuch source area, mud-stone flow disaster could be avoided from source.The device it is therefore desirable to invention one is blocked, this device needs neither to affect the geologic erosion of current, without frequent desilting, is provided simultaneously with higher cost performance.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide that a kind of cost is low, the filtrable mud-rock flow ecological protection device that disappears of durable, mud-rock flow energy can be weakened by this device step by step, filters wherein big block stone, so as to revert to normal current.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
One disappears filtrable mud-rock flow ecological protection device, including at least one the mud-rock flow ecological protection unit being positioned on upstream face, arranges multiple by mud-rock flow ecological protection unit treatment in accordance with local conditions, plays the purpose of energy dissipating step by step, filtration; Described mud-rock flow ecological protection unit includes some megalith gabion layers and the slide resistant pile linearly arranged, each megalith gabion layer includes some megaliths; After described slide resistant pile is placed in last layer of megalith gabion layer, to megalith its supporting role of gabion layer; It is provided with cushion pad, to reduce the megalith temporary impact to slide resistant pile between slide resistant pile and last layer of megalith gabion layer;
Along mud-rock flow direction, the megalith gabion layer of each mud-rock flow ecological protection unit is ladder-like arranged, and is gradually increased;
At the face casting concrete that the megalith of each mud-rock flow ecological protection unit contacts with each other, the megalith of each mud-rock flow ecological protection unit is connected as a whole as far as possible, to ensure to possess good globality between megalith.
Megalith gabion layer be keep out mud-rock flow alluviation, filter mud-rock flow important feature, be also the major embodiment turned waste into wealth, megalith directly gully, both sides and near collection, gather materials on the spot, the monomer volume of megalith is big as far as possible, can move with construction machinery and be limited, and megalith shape is advisable with square.
Further scheme is, for ensureing that Stonehenge is not washed away by mud-rock flow, need to bundle with wirerope net, the all of megalith making each mud-rock flow ecological protection unit becomes as a whole, there is the ability of higher opposing mud-rock flow, for ensureing the life-time service of wirerope, adopt antirust wirerope that all of megalith of each mud-rock flow ecological protection unit is bundled. If megalith is sufficiently large, abundant, it is also possible to be fixed without wirerope net, himself stability is fine.
Further scheme is, the floor projection of each mud-rock flow ecological protection unit is triangle, trapezoidal, rectangle or arch etc.; Vertex of a triangle is towards the side that meets water, and base is vertical with river course, and apex puts several bulk megalith, to increase the stability of megalith gabion layer; Trapezoidal upper base is towards the side that meets water; The long limit of rectangle is towards the side that meets water; Arch is convex to the side that meets water, and utilizes the principle of arch to strengthen resistivity.
Further scheme is, described slide resistant pile adopts armored concrete to build and forms or adopt concrete filled steel tube to be made, make very simple.
Further scheme is, described cushion pad is junked tire, and colligation is on friction pile.
Further scheme is, is provided with sufficiently wide wave platform (namely widening the bottom step of the side that meets water, the energy of the current that dissipate on the way) that disappears, at utmost ensures stablizing of mud-rock flow ecological protection unit before each mud-rock flow ecological protection unit.
Further scheme is, is filled with rubble between the megalith of each mud-rock flow ecological protection unit. The channel bottom of mud-rock flow would generally pile up one layer of gravelly soil, if accumulation horizon is thicker, before construction; needing a cleaning part, the thickness of cleaning is the half of megalith height, to ensure that megalith is based upon on stable ground; prevent current scour from emptying bottom megalith, cause its unstability.
In the present invention, putting of megalith can be determined according to megalith size, the flow of mud-rock flow, the feature of mud-rock flow groove and landform.For ensureing the effect of energy dissipating and filtration, each mud-rock flow ecological protection unit at least includes 3 layers of megalith gabion layer, according to megalith volume up-small and down-big, pre-small post-large, front short after high principle be arranged that (ratchel puts land side, finger stone puts the side that meets water), in opposing mud-rock flow alluviation, it is ensured that homeostatic also function to good filtration simultaneously.
In the present invention, due to the interaction of megalith self gravitation and Stonehenge, megalith gabion layer itself is comparatively firm, but in order to increase safety coefficient, need to build slide resistant pile at megalith gabion layer land side, but its quantity and diameter can reduce, to ensure megalith monolithic stability; Slide resistant pile needs to embed stablizes basement rock, and embedding the basement rock degree of depth is 1-2 times that exposes foundation stone parts, and slide resistant pile spacing is determined according to megalith width, it is ensured that megalith will not pass between two, if megalith is generally only small, then pile spacing is advisable with 2-3m; If slide resistant pile cross section rectangle, then Parallel to the flow direction is long limit; For highly stable megalith gabion, slide resistant pile can also be arranged.
It is an advantage of the current invention that:
Farthest make use of on-the-spot material to make, be greatly saved construction cost, application value is big;
This device belongs to flexible blocking dam, it is possible to well adapt to various landform and deformation thereof;
Megalith is adopted to form megalith gabion layer, himself good stability; By laying multiple mud-rock flow ecological protection unit, it is possible to greatly weaken the impulsive force of current in groove, weaken the ability of its spatula, its bulk stone carried of blocking, the mud-rock flow making power huge slows down, filtration becomes the current not having destructive power;
The setting of slide resistant pile makes megalith gabion layer have good safety;
This apparatus structure is simple, cost is low, easy construction, good endurance, it is possible to widely use;
Along mud-rock flow direction, the megalith gabion layer of mud-rock flow ecological protection unit is designed to stepped, and is gradually increased, the effect play energy dissipating step by step, filtering step by step; Avoid the occurrence of moment water yield situation big, fast.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is cross section is the structural representation of trapezoidal mud-rock flow ecological protection unit;
Fig. 2 is cross section is the structural representation of mud-rock flow ecological protection unit of triangle;
Fig. 3 is that monolayer arranges vertical section schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is rebuilding vertical section schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is V-type river valley schematic cross section;
Fig. 6 is U-shaped river valley schematic cross section.
Wherein: 1, megalith, 2, slide resistant pile, 3, cushion pad, 4, wirerope, 5, mud-rock flow flow to, 6, riverbed, 7, accumulation body, 8, basement rock.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated. Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in figs 1 to 6, one disappears filtrable mud-rock flow ecological protection device, including at least one the mud-rock flow ecological protection unit being placed in riverbed 6 to be positioned on upstream face, it is achieved energy dissipating step by step, filtration purpose; Described mud-rock flow ecological protection unit includes some megalith gabion layers and the slide resistant pile 2 linearly arranged, each megalith gabion layer includes some megaliths 1; Megalith gabion layer is played a supportive role after being placed in last layer of megalith gabion layer by slide resistant pile 2; Between slide resistant pile 2 and last layer of megalith gabion layer, it is provided with the cushion pad 3 that junked tire is made, reduces megalith 1 and collide the effect to slide resistant pile 2;
Flowing to 5 along mud-rock flow, the megalith gabion layer of each mud-rock flow ecological protection unit is ladder-like arranged, and is gradually increased; The megalith 1 of each mud-rock flow ecological protection unit connects as a whole by concrete; And all megaliths 1 of each mud-rock flow ecological protection unit are bundled by antirust wirerope 4; The wave platform that disappears is set before each mud-rock flow ecological protection unit.
In order to easy to make, slide resistant pile 2 adopts armored concrete to build to form or adopt concrete filled steel tube to be made, megalith 1 can directly gully, both sides and near collection, gather materials on the spot.
In order to increase the stability of whole device, slide resistant pile 2 is embedded in stable foundation stone 8, and the degree of depth embedding foundation stone is 1-2 times that exposes foundation stone parts. Spacing between adjacent slide resistant pile 2 is 2-3m.
Referring to Fig. 1, the floor projection of mud-rock flow ecological protection unit is trapezoidal, and trapezoidal upper base is towards the side that meets water; Referring to Fig. 2, the floor projection of mud-rock flow ecological protection unit is triangle, and vertex of a triangle is towards the side that meets water; The floor projection of mud-rock flow ecological protection unit can also be rectangle or arch, and the minor face of rectangle is towards the side that meets water, and arch is convex to the side that meets water.
Fig. 3 has a mud-rock flow ecological protection unit, and this mud-rock flow ecological protection unit has 4 layers of megalith gabion layer, and each layer of megalith gabion layer is made up of 1 megalith 1. From front to back, megalith 1 is gradually increased, and is formed stepped; The upper surface of described megalith is alternatively a plane; Being sequentially provided with cushion pad 3, slide resistant pile 2 after last megalith 1, accumulation body 7 is arranged at slide resistant pile 2 bottom. Fig. 4 and Fig. 3 institute the difference is that, mud-rock flow ecological protection unit has 6 layers of megalith gabion layer, before 3 layers all only have 1 megalith 1, after 3 layers have 2 megaliths 1 respectively. The river valley of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is all plane. When river valley be V-type or U-shaped time, the structure of mud-rock flow ecological protection unit should be followed the structure in river valley and be changed, and refers to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.
The step that filtrable mud-rock flow ecological protection device carries out debris flow that originally disappears is used to be:
(1) select carry out groove construction suitable season, be typically chosen season short of rain autumn and winter; Feature according to mud-rock flow groove, it is determined that the position of preventer, number and arrangement form, needs when the discrepancy in elevation of groove is big, length is big to arrange several mud-rock flow ecological protection unit more; Avoid the place trench slope is big to arrange mud-rock flow ecological protection unit when construction as far as possible, arrange in mild area as far as possible, horizontal layout shape is with simple and practical for upper, trapezoidal arrange, cross section is arranged and is determined according to groove depth of cut, it is ensured that megalith can keep out the alluviation of major part mud-rock flow;
(2) construction of slide resistant pile is carried out in selected position, slide resistant pile apical side height keeps consistent, slide resistant pile embeds the degree of depth is protruded length 1～2 times that stablizes foundation stone, its degree of depth is determined according to basement rock situation, rock mass condition embeds well 1 times, and slide resistant pile can select reinforced concrete pile or steel tube concrete pile according to condition; While carrying out slide resistant pile construction, find and carry megalith, excavation and carrying megalith in coombe both sides can not affect the stability of slope body;
(3) after slide resistant pile construction, upstream face at slide resistant pile fixes some junked tires, then trench bottom surface dust is dug up, put megalith more in order, the size of megalith is gradually increased along mud-rock flow direction, the gap filling fritter stone between megalith, and megalith is piled up complete, the part contacted with each other at megalith builds appropriate concrete, increases the globality between megalith;
(4) megalith code finishes building complete, is fixed with wirerope net, is formed a whole by all of megalith parcel, so far completes the construction of a mud-rock flow ecological protection unit;
(5) according to the method described above, carry out the construction of other several mud-rock flow ecological protection unit, slide resistant pile have to be set when debris flow gully trough slope is steeper, slide resistant pile can be not provided with at flat site, adopt bulky megalith.
This device farthest make use of the megalith at scene to construct, it is achieved that twice laid, reduces debris flow cost; This device can have multiple mud-rock flow ecological protection unit, each mud-rock flow ecological protection unit has again multiple megalith gabion layer, each megalith gabion layer includes again some megaliths, therefore there is good energy dissipating, filtration, have adjusted the flow velocity of water body in groove, water body out of control is become normal water body, but the proper flow of water body will not be stopped, do not result in all of rubble all to precipitate before this device, thus its can continuous service for a long time, and need not deposit in periodic cleaning blocking dam; This device can well intercept the megalith in mud-rock flow, and acts on a part for dam body; The employing of slide resistant pile makes megalith gabion layer possess good security performance.
It should be appreciated that for those of ordinary skills, it is possible to improved according to the above description or converted, and all these are improved and convert the protection domain that all should belong to claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the filtrable mud-rock flow ecological protection device that disappears, including at least one the mud-rock flow ecological protection unit being positioned on upstream face, it is characterized in that: described mud-rock flow ecological protection unit includes some megalith gabion layers and the slide resistant pile linearly arranged, each megalith gabion layer includes some megaliths; After described slide resistant pile is placed in last layer of megalith gabion layer; It is provided with cushion pad between slide resistant pile and last layer of megalith gabion layer;
Along mud-rock flow direction, the megalith gabion layer of each mud-rock flow ecological protection unit is ladder-like arranged, and is gradually increased;
The megalith of each mud-rock flow ecological protection unit connects as a whole by concrete.
2. the filtrable mud-rock flow ecological protection device that disappears according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the megalith of each mud-rock flow ecological protection unit is bundled by antirust wirerope.
3. the filtrable mud-rock flow ecological protection device that disappears according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the floor projection of each mud-rock flow ecological protection unit is triangle, trapezoidal, rectangle or arch; Vertex of a triangle is towards the side that meets water; Trapezoidal upper base is towards the side that meets water; The long limit of rectangle is towards the side that meets water; Arch is convex to the side that meets water.
4. the filtrable mud-rock flow ecological protection device that disappears according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described slide resistant pile employing armored concrete is built and is formed or adopt concrete filled steel tube to be made.
5. the filtrable mud-rock flow ecological protection device that disappears according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that: described slide resistant pile embeds to be stablized in foundation stone, and the degree of depth embedding foundation stone is 1-2 times that exposes foundation stone parts.
6. the filtrable mud-rock flow ecological protection device that disappears according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the spacing between adjacent slide resistant pile is 2-3m.
7. the filtrable mud-rock flow ecological protection device that disappears according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described cushion pad is junked tire.
8. the filtrable mud-rock flow ecological protection device that disappears according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: before each mud-rock flow ecological protection unit, it is provided with the wave platform that disappears.
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| CN201610018806.2A CN105672188A (en) | 2016-01-12 | 2016-01-12 | Debris flow ecological protection device capable of dissipating energy and conducting filtration |
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| CN201610018806.2A CN105672188A (en) | 2016-01-12 | 2016-01-12 | Debris flow ecological protection device capable of dissipating energy and conducting filtration |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106012983A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-10-12 | 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 | Debris flow obstructing grille dam suitable for mountain torrent gutter |
| CN106480851A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-03-08 | 吉林大学 | A kind of mud-rock flow filtration system step by step |
| CN106836130A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-06-13 | 合肥学院 | A kind of dykes and dams based on junked tire inrush and block up multiple construction method |
| CN108517836A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-09-11 | 范雲鹤 | Detachable mud-rock flow is blocked system and its method of blocking |
| CN108517837A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-09-11 | 范雲鹤 | Anchor cable formula mud-rock flow, which is blocked, system and blocks method |
| CN109364494A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-02-22 | 白银桦新石农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of amusement on water suspension bridge protective device |
| CN109610404A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-12 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | A kind of separation of debris flow valley silt particle with block solid method and its application |
| CN110130366A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-08-16 | 武瑞京 | A kind of protective device of the high-incidence slopes of mud-rock flow |
| CN110295612A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-10-01 | 福建工程学院 | The method for administering gully stone riprap waste using waste steel wire rope |
| CN114586591A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-06-07 | 中国地质大学（北京） | River channel ecological management method and system |
| CN114892593A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-08-12 | 清华大学 | Bionic energy dissipation and disaster reduction structural unit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106012983A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-10-12 | 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 | Debris flow obstructing grille dam suitable for mountain torrent gutter |
| CN106480851A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-03-08 | 吉林大学 | A kind of mud-rock flow filtration system step by step |
| CN106836130A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-06-13 | 合肥学院 | A kind of dykes and dams based on junked tire inrush and block up multiple construction method |
| CN110130366A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-08-16 | 武瑞京 | A kind of protective device of the high-incidence slopes of mud-rock flow |
| CN110130366B (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2021-08-20 | 合肥蔚然花绿化工程有限公司 | Protection device for debris flow high-rise slope body |
| CN108517836A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-09-11 | 范雲鹤 | Detachable mud-rock flow is blocked system and its method of blocking |
| CN108517837A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-09-11 | 范雲鹤 | Anchor cable formula mud-rock flow, which is blocked, system and blocks method |
| CN109364494A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-02-22 | 白银桦新石农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of amusement on water suspension bridge protective device |
| CN109610404A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-12 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | A kind of separation of debris flow valley silt particle with block solid method and its application |
| CN110295612A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-10-01 | 福建工程学院 | The method for administering gully stone riprap waste using waste steel wire rope |
| CN114586591A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-06-07 | 中国地质大学（北京） | River channel ecological management method and system |
| CN114892593A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-08-12 | 清华大学 | Bionic energy dissipation and disaster reduction structural unit |
| CN114892593B (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2023-10-27 | 清华大学 | Bionic energy dissipation and disaster reduction structural unit |
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Application publication date: 20160615 |