CN105670770A

CN105670770A - Method for processing chlorophyll in oilseeds

Info

Publication number: CN105670770A
Application number: CN201610058436.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋承建
Original assignee: Guangxi University
Current assignee: Guangxi University
Priority date: 2016-01-28
Filing date: 2016-01-28
Publication date: 2016-06-15

Abstract

The invention provides a method for processing chlorophyll in oilseeds. Aiming at treatment of seeds for extraction of vegetable oil, hydrolysis of the chlorophyll is catalyzed through an enzyme capable of hydrolyzing/promoting hydrolysis of the chlorophyll. Chlorophyllide and phytol are produced through hydrolysis, the chlorophyllide is extracted with water, and the phytol is reserved in an oil phase. Therefore, the content of the chlorophyll in oil obtained from plant seeds is reduced. Composition and a process can reduce yield loss caused by lipolysis due to catalysis under conditions of entrainment and clay or bleaching.

Description

A kind of process chlorophyllous method of oily seed

Technical field

The present invention relates to the oil of plant seed and extract field, particularly to processing the chlorophyllous method of oily seed.

Background technology

Vegetable oil is the indispensable a kind of cooking basic material of human lives, is the compound being bound up by unsaturated fatty acid and glycerol, is distributed widely in nature, is the oils and fats obtained from the fruit of plant, seed, plumule. Such as Oleum Arachidis hypogaeae semen, Oleum Glycines, oleum lini, Semen Allii Tuberosi wet goods. Plant main body of oil is straight chain higher fatty acids and the ester of glycerol generation, and fatty acid is except palmitic acid, stearic acid and oleic acid, possibly together with chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is present in a kind of natural green pigment in plant, plant carries out photosynthetic primary pigments, but in the finished product of refining vegetable oil, chlorophyll is to make the material of unwanted green on vegetable oil band, and oily oxidation can be induced during storing plant oil, thus cause the rotten of oil.

In edible oil processing industry, generally the chlorophyll content in processing oil can be down between 0.02 to 0.05ppm. But, blanching step can increase processing cost and the effect of carrying secretly due to bleaching clay can reduce oil yield. Many compounds wanted may be also removed from the oil by the use of clay. Additionally, recent research indicate that, bleaching clay can make greasy dirt catch chloride ion. This can result in the 3-chlorine-1,2-propylene glycol (3-MCPD) that toxicity is very big. It addition, the use of clay is also costly, this is especially because the difficult treatment of used clay (i.e. waste material), danger, thus processing cost is high. Therefore, carried out being removed from the oil chlorophyllous trial by other ways, for instance use chlorophyllase. In plant, chlorophyllase is first enzyme participating in chlorophyll degradation, the ester linkage hydrolyzing in its catalysis chlorophyll.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of chlorophyllous method of oily seed that processes, the chlorophyllous content of the oil that minimizing obtains from plant seed.

To achieve these goals, technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

A kind of process chlorophyllous method of oily seed, comprises the following steps:

(1) cleaning plant seed, be ground into powder with pulverizer after drying, seed powder is crossed 30 mesh sieves and is obtained a certain size seed powder;

(2) seed powder is loaded container to add water and mix thoroughly, soak 5-12h;

(3) with the hydrochloric acid of 1mol/l, pH value is adjusted to 6-6.5;

(4) ratio of water is reduced to 3%-10%, and container is placed in the water-bath of 60 DEG C-70 DEG C;

(5) add in a reservoir seed powder mass fraction 1%-5% the enzyme of hydrolyse chlorophyll can react more than 1h;

(6) add in 1mol/l sodium hydroxide and pH value, carry out follow-up oil and extract procedure of processing.

Further, described plant seed include Semen sojae atricolor, Semen arachidis hypogaeae, Semen Allii Tuberosi, Semen Lini, Semen Gossypii, Semen Helianthi one or more.

Further, described in step (5) can the enzyme of hydrolyse chlorophyll include chlorophyllase, pheophytin enzyme, burnt pheophytin enzyme one or more.

Further, step (5) also include add phospholipase, protease, endoglucanase, cellulase, hemicellulase, acyltransferase one or more.

Chlorophyllase is first enzyme participating in chlorophyll degradation, the ester linkage hydrolyzing in its catalysis chlorophyll. The hydrolysis of ester bond in its catalysis chlorophyll, can become chlorophyllide and the senior monovalent alcohol chlorophyll (phytol) of carboxylic acid by chlorophyll hydrolysis.

Chlorophyll can become pheophytin after acid adding or heating or de-magging effect, and chlorophyll color also can change. In sour environment, the magnesium in porphyrin ring can be replaced by H, is called de-magnesium pheophytin, brown, and when replacing H with copper or zinc, its color becomes again green, and this kind of pigment is stable, does not fade under light, is not also destroyed by acid. Generally in the course of processing, the pheophytin in oil is more more rich than chlorophyll content. Some chlorophyllases can be hydrolyzed pheophytin and chlorophyll, is consequently adapted to remove both pollutant. Pheophytin can decompose by the method similar with metabolic breakdown chlorophyll.

Pheophytin also by oily seed results and during storing phytoenzyme activity or by the oil refining phase

Between processing conditions be degraded to burnt pheophytin, available similar with metabolic breakdown chlorophyll method decomposition further.

Phospholipase, the class of enzymes that can be hydrolyzed phosphoglyceride existed in vivo, the phospholipid in oil can with magnesium complexation, such that it is able to reduce chlorophyll content. Protease is the general name of the class of enzymes of aminosal peptide chain. It is divided into endopeptidase and peptide ending enzyme two class by the mode of its degraded polypeptide. The former can cut off the polypeptide chain of macromolecule from centre, forms protein and the peptone of molecular weight; The latter can be divided into again carboxypeptidase and aminopeptidase, and peptide chain hydrolysis is generated aminoacid from the free carboxy termini of polypeptide or free amine end by one by one. Cellulase is the general name of the glucogenic one group of enzyme of degraded cellulose, it is not monomeric enzyme, but play synergistic multicomponent enzyme system, it it is a kind of compound enzyme, mainly it is made up of circumscribed 1,4 beta-glucanase, Endo-β-glucanase and beta-glucosidase etc., also has the xylanase of significantly high vigor. Act on cellulose and the product being derived from cellulose.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The present invention utilizes the enzyme that can be hydrolyzed/promote hydrolyse chlorophyll, and catalysis chlorophyll is hydrolyzed. Hydrolysis generates chlorophyllide and phytol, and chlorophyllide is extracted by water, and phytol is maintained in oil phase. Thus reducing the chlorophyllous content of the oil obtained in plant seed. The compositions of the present invention and technique can reduce carries the production loss that the steatolysis caused with clay or conditions of bleaching catalysis causes secretly.

Detailed description of the invention

Below by specific embodiment, technical scheme is further described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to following example.

Embodiment 1

(1) cleaning Semen Lini, be ground into powder with pulverizer after drying, Semen Lini powder is crossed 30 mesh sieves and is obtained a certain size Semen Lini powder;

(2) Semen Lini powder is loaded container to add water and mix thoroughly, soak 7h;

(3) with the hydrochloric acid of 1mol/l, pH value is adjusted to 6.2;

(4) ratio of water is reduced to 4%, and container is placed in the water-bath of 65 DEG C;

(5) add in a reservoir Semen Lini powder mass fraction 4% chlorophyllase, burnt pheophytin enzyme, phospholipase, cellulase react 2h;

Embodiment 2

(1) cleaning Semen Allii Tuberosi, be ground into powder with pulverizer after drying, Semen Allii Tuberosi powder is crossed 30 mesh sieves and is obtained a certain size Semen Allii Tuberosi powder;

(2) Semen Allii Tuberosi powder is loaded container to add water and mix thoroughly, soak 6h;

(3) with the hydrochloric acid of 1mol/l, pH value is adjusted to 6.5;

(4) ratio of water is reduced to 7%, and container is placed in the water-bath of 70 DEG C;

(5) add in a reservoir Semen Allii Tuberosi powder mass fraction 4% chlorophyllase, pheophytin enzyme, burnt pheophytin enzyme, phospholipase, protease, hemicellulase, acyltransferase react 3h;

Embodiment 3

(1) cleaning Semen arachidis hypogaeae, be ground into powder with pulverizer after drying, Semen arachidis hypogaeae powder is crossed 30 mesh sieves and is obtained a certain size Semen arachidis hypogaeae powder;

(2) Semen arachidis hypogaeae powder is loaded container to add water and mix thoroughly, soak 10h;

(3) with the hydrochloric acid of 1mol/l, pH value is adjusted to 6.4;

(4) ratio of water is reduced to 6%, and container is placed in the water-bath of 63 DEG C;

(5) add in a reservoir Semen arachidis hypogaeae powder mass fraction 2% pheophytin enzyme, burnt pheophytin enzyme, phospholipase, protease, endoglucanase, hemicellulase, acyltransferase react 2h;

Claims

1. one kind processes the chlorophyllous method of oily seed, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:

(1) cleaning plant seed, be ground into powder with pulverizer after drying, seed powder crosses 30 mesh sieves;

(3) with hydrochloric acid, pH value is adjusted to 6-6.5;

(5) add in a reservoir seed powder mass fraction 1%-5% can the enzyme of hydrolyse chlorophyll;

(6) add in sodium hydroxide and pH value, carry out follow-up oil and extract procedure of processing.

2. according to claim 1 a kind of process the chlorophyllous method of oily seed, it is characterised in that described plant seed include Semen sojae atricolor, Semen arachidis hypogaeae, Semen Allii Tuberosi, Semen Lini, Semen Gossypii, Semen Helianthi one or more.

3. according to claim 1 a kind of process the chlorophyllous method of oily seed, it is characterised in that described in step (5) can the enzyme of hydrolyse chlorophyll include chlorophyllase, pheophytin enzyme, burnt pheophytin enzyme one or more.

4. a kind of process chlorophyllous method of oily seed according to claim 1; it is characterized in that, step (5) also include add phospholipase, protease, endoglucanase, cellulase, hemicellulase, acyltransferase one or more.