RU2222147C1 - Method for preserving of newly harvested grain - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, in particular, preservation of newly harvested grain with the use of organic substances. SUBSTANCE: method involves providing grain flow in the form of falling rain; dispersing propionic acid by means of carbon dioxide for obtaining of aerosol flow of propionic acid; providing contacting of grain with aerosol in countercurrent flow; before dispersion, introducing into propionic acid preparation produced by sequential extracting of Mortierella pulchella micromycet biomass with the use of non-polar extractant in above-critical state, water, alkaline, water, acid, water, alkaline, and water, with following joining of first extract with solid residue. EFFECT: reliable storage of grain owing to induced resistance of newly harvested grain to phytopathogenic microflora, in particular, upon secondary contamination. 2 ex

Description

 The invention relates to the technology of conservation of freshly harvested grain using organic substances.

 A known method of preserving freshly harvested grain, which involves creating a grain stream in the form of falling rain, spraying propionic acid with carbon dioxide to create an aerosol stream and contacting the grain and aerosol in countercurrent flow (RU 2099923 C1, 12/27/1997).

 The disadvantage of this method is the low reliability of grain storage, especially during secondary contamination.

 The technical result of the invention is to increase the reliability of grain storage.

 This result is achieved by the fact that in the method of preserving freshly harvested grain, which provides for the creation of a grain stream in the form of falling rain, spraying propionic acid with carbon dioxide to create an aerosol stream and contacting the grain and aerosol in countercurrent, according to the invention, the preparation obtained is introduced into the propionic acid before spraying by sequential extraction of the biomass of micromycete Mortierella pulchella with a non-polar supercritical extractant, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and ode and then combining the first extract with the solid residue.

 The method is implemented as follows.

 The dry biomass of the micromycete Mortierella pulchella is extracted with a non-polar extractant, for example carbon dioxide or hexane, in a supercritical state. At this stage, the first extract is isolated, which is used later in the preparation. Next, the biomass is sequentially extracted with water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water. The solid residue obtained after completion of all the extraction steps listed above is combined with the first extract. Thus obtained drug is introduced into propionic acid. The solution is sprayed with carbon dioxide, creating an aerosol stream. The introduction into propionic acid of a biomass preparation of micromycete Mortierella pulchella in an amount of more than 0.2% by weight is not recommended due to a sharp increase in viscosity, which prevents spraying. The grain is cleaned of plant and mineral impurities, and then create a stream in the form of falling rain, which is sent to contact with the aerosol stream. In the process of contacting propionic acid destroys the surface microflora of the grain. Carbon dioxide displaces air from the space between the grains and inhibits the development of acid-resistant aerobic forms of microflora. The composition of the biomass micromycete Mortierella pulchella consists mainly of chitosan and higher polyunsaturated fatty acids, including arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic. The listed substances in combination cause the induction of stable protective reactions of plants. The composition of the drug does not include substances that can inhibit this type of activity, and phototoxic substances. This allows to increase the reliability of grain storage due to the induced resistance to phytopathogenic microflora, especially during secondary contamination.

 Example 1

 Before storing, the Skifyanka wheat grain is treated with a stream of propionic acid sprayed with carbon dioxide supplemented with 0.01% by weight of the preparation obtained from the biomass of Mortierella pulchella micromycete using carbon dioxide as a non-polar extractant, as alkali, sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid, or without such an additive. After storage for 1 month, the grain is contaminated with Aspergillus niger spores. By the end of 6 months of storage, the grain of the reference batch is completely covered with mold mycelium; mold development was not detected in the experimental batch of grain.

 Example 2

 Spalchik rice grain before laying for storage is processed according to example 1, but using 0.2% of the preparation supplement obtained from the biomass of micromycete Mortierella pulchella using hexane as a non-polar extractant, as an alkali, ammonium hydroxide and propionic acid. For contamination under the same conditions, the spores of the fungus Penicillium funiculosum are used. The result coincides with example 1.

 Thus, the proposed method improves the reliability of grain storage.

Claims (1)

A method for preserving freshly harvested grain, which involves creating a grain stream in the form of falling rain, spraying propionic acid with carbon dioxide to create an aerosol stream and contacting the grain and aerosol in countercurrent, characterized in that the preparation obtained by sequential extraction of Mortierella micromycete biomass is injected into the propionic acid pulchella non-polar extractant in a supercritical state, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water, followed by combining the first to extract the solid residue.